US20100066204A1 - Piezoelectric transformer driving circuit - Google Patents

Piezoelectric transformer driving circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100066204A1
US20100066204A1 US12/513,162 US51316207A US2010066204A1 US 20100066204 A1 US20100066204 A1 US 20100066204A1 US 51316207 A US51316207 A US 51316207A US 2010066204 A1 US2010066204 A1 US 2010066204A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
piezoelectric transformer
circuit
full bridge
current
dead time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/513,162
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English (en)
Inventor
Yuji Hayashi
Akira Mizutani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tamura Corp
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Tamura Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tamura Corp filed Critical Tamura Corp
Assigned to TAMURA CORPORATION reassignment TAMURA CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HAYASHI, YUJI, MIZUTANI, AKIRA
Publication of US20100066204A1 publication Critical patent/US20100066204A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/2825—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage
    • H05B41/2827—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage using specially adapted components in the load circuit, e.g. feed-back transformers, piezoelectric transformers; using specially adapted load circuit configurations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/80—Constructional details
    • H10N30/802—Circuitry or processes for operating piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices not otherwise provided for, e.g. drive circuits
    • H10N30/804—Circuitry or processes for operating piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices not otherwise provided for, e.g. drive circuits for piezoelectric transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a piezoelectric transformer driving circuit used as backlight inverters in the displays of personal computers and in liquid crystal televisions, and in particular relates to a piezoelectric transformer driving circuit in which the switching loss of the full bridge circuit which drives the piezoelectric transformer is reduced.
  • Piezoelectric inverters used as backlight inverters in notebook computers and other applications can utilize the frequency characteristics (resonance characteristics) of piezoelectric transformers to change the driving frequency, in order to control the output current. Hence even when the input voltage is changed, by enabling changes in the driving frequency, input fluctuations can be absorbed and a constant output current can be maintained.
  • the conversion efficiency of a piezoelectric transformer is maximum in a specific region near a resonance point, and upon deviating from this region the conversion efficiency gradually falls; thus if the input voltage changes, the frequency is changed correspondingly, deviating from the frequency range in which the maximum efficiency of the piezoelectric transformer is obtained, and lowering the inverter efficiency.
  • changes in the input voltage must be controlled in a stage preceding the piezoelectric transformer, in order to input a constant voltage to the piezoelectric transformer.
  • a piezoelectric transformer driving circuit employing such a full bridge circuit comprises a full bridge circuit 1 comprising four FETs (field effect transistors) Q 1 to Q 4 (hereafter abbreviated Q 1 to Q 4 ); a driving circuit 2 for the full bridge circuit 1 ; a filter circuit 3 , which converts the square wave output from the full bridge circuit 1 into a sinusoidal wave; and one or a plurality of piezoelectric transformers 4 , connected to this filter circuit 3 .
  • the secondary terminals of each of the piezoelectric transformers 4 are connected to a cold cathode tube 5 which serves as the backlight.
  • the full bridge circuit 1 is connected to an input voltage supply, not shown.
  • FIG. 5 shows the relation between the on/off states of each of Q 1 to Q 4 , driven by the driving circuit 2 , and the output voltage waveform when, as one example, the output voltage is ⁇ 400 V.
  • the output voltage is ⁇ 400 V.
  • This full bridge circuit 1 is provided with a dead time to prevent even momentarily the turning-on of both FETs (simultaneously turning-on of Q 1 and Q 3 , or of Q 2 and Q 4 ) with the timing at which each of the FETs is turned on and off; control is executed such that all FETs are turned off other than those which are turned on around the time of the switching.
  • Patent Reference 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2002-233158
  • Patent Reference 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2003-164163
  • a diode is connected i in parallel to a FET in the direction of flow of current from source to drain, that is, with the source and anode connected and the drain and cathode connected.
  • This diode is called a parasitic diode or a body diode; because of the presence of this diode, the FET is used as a switching element to pass or stop current in the direction from drain to source.
  • a diode is connected sounds like a discrete diode component is intentionally connected to the FET; perhaps “a diode appears” or “a diode is formed to ensure stable operation” is preferable (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_MOSFET#Body_diode).
  • FIG. 6 shows a state of conduction of Q 1 to Q 4 for a case in which, in the above FIG. 5 , the output voltage changes from the 0 V state 3 to the dead time state 4, and then to the ⁇ 400 V state 5.
  • the full bridge load 6 is assumed to be capacitive.
  • the conditions for occurrence of a through current upon this off ⁇ on transition is that a current be flowing in the forward direction in the diode of the FET in which a through current is possible.
  • a forward-direction current for the FET the voltage applied to the load and the direction of the current flowing are the same positive direction
  • a through current occurs. Similar remarks apply for Q 3 and Q 4 as well.
  • FIG. 7 which shows the case of Q 1 and Q 2
  • FIG. 8 which shows the case of Q 3 and Q 4 .
  • FIG. 9 is a graph of the relation between this duty D and the load impedance ⁇ ; in the figure, through currents do not flow in regions denoted “OK”. As can be seen from FIG. 9 , when the load impedance angle ⁇ 0, flowing of through currents is always possible.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph of the relation between this duty D and the load impedance ⁇ ; in the figure, through currents do not flow in regions denoted “OK”.
  • the load impedance is inductive ( ⁇ 0)
  • no through currents flow, regardless of the duty value; but when the load impedance is capacitive ( ⁇ 0), there is a constraint on the duty.
  • FIG. 11 changes in the output current of the full bridge circuit 1 due to the presence of a through current are shown.
  • a current with polarity opposite that of the voltage flows, as shown in (a) of FIG. 11
  • a current with the same polarity as the voltage flows, as indicated in (c) of FIG. 11 .
  • This fact means that because the current phase leads and the load is capacitive, a forward current flows in the body diode, and consequently a through current flows.
  • This invention was proposed in order to resolve the above problem of the prior art, and has as an object the provision of a piezoelectric transformer driving circuit, in the body diodes of which reverse bias currents do not flow during FET on/off switching, and which enables reduction of switching losses arising from through currents.
  • a piezoelectric transformer driving circuit of this invention which applies to a piezoelectric transformer an output of a switching circuit comprising a plurality of FETs connected to an input voltage supply, and causes a load to operate by means of an output of this piezoelectric transformer, is characterized in that an inductance is inserted in parallel with the switching circuit or the piezoelectric transformer, and that the load impedance of the switching circuit is made inductive by means of this inductance.
  • the switching circuit a full bridge circuit can be used as the switching circuit.
  • Another mode of the invention is characterized in that a filter circuit which shapes high harmonic components of a square wave output from the switching circuit into a substantially sinusoidal shape is provided between the switching circuit and the piezoelectric transformer, and in that an inductance is inserted into a portion of this filter circuit, in parallel with the switching circuit or with the piezoelectric transformer.
  • the inductance be inserted in the filter circuit such that, at least in a frequency band used in shaping the output waveform of high harmonic components from the switching circuit, an input impedance angle ⁇ be greater than 0.
  • a piezoelectric transformer driving circuit of the invention having such a configuration, by inserting an inductance on the input side of the piezoelectric transformer, the full bridge circuit load impedance can be made inductive, and the phase of the full bridge load current can be made a “lagging phase”. As a result, the occurrence of through currents arising in the case of a leading phase can be prevented.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a first aspect of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the characteristics of the first aspect and of a low-pass filter in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing conduction states for Q 1 to Q 4 when, in the first aspect, there is a change from an output voltage 0 V state 3 to a dead time state 4, and then to a ⁇ 400 V state 5;
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of a driving circuit of a format of the prior art
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relation between the on/off states for each FET and the full bridge circuit output voltage in technology of the prior art
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing conduction states for Q 1 to Q 4 , when the output voltage changes from the 0 V state 3 to the dead time state 4 and then to a ⁇ 400 V state 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the voltage and load impedance angle, to explain the conditions in which through currents do not flow in Q 1 or Q 2 ;
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing the voltage and load impedance angle, to explain the conditions in which through currents do not flow in Q 3 or Q 4 ;
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relation between duty and load impedance angle at which through currents do not flow in Q 1 or Q 2 ;
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relation between duty and load impedance angle at which through currents do not flow in Q 3 or Q 4 ;
  • FIG. 11 is a graph showing the change in the full bridge circuit output current due to the presence of through currents.
  • FIG. 1 portions with the same configuration as shown in FIG. 4 are assigned the same symbols, and explanations are omitted.
  • the filter circuit 3 connected on the output side of the full bridge circuit 1 in FIG. 1 comprises a low-pass filter having a resonance circuit formed from a capacitor C, inductance L, and load R, as shown in the equivalent circuit.
  • the capacitance C comprises the primary-side capacitance of the piezoelectric transformer 4
  • the inductance L comprises an externally mounted inductance.
  • an inductance L 1 for adjustment of the current phase of the full bridge load is connected in parallel with the full bridge circuit 1 or with the piezoelectric transformer 4 , as shown in (a) or (b) of the equivalent circuit.
  • the action of a filter circuit 3 having such a configuration is as follows.
  • the equivalent circuit of a conventional low-pass filter not having an inductance L 1 for current phase adjustment is as shown in (c), and the transmission characteristic and frequency characteristic thereof are as shown in (a) of FIG. 2 .
  • the input impedance angle is close to ⁇ 90°, and the load impedance of the full bridge circuit 1 can be said to be capacitive.
  • the phase of the output current of the full bridge circuit 1 is a “leading phase”.
  • the characteristic of a low-pass filter connected with an inductance L 1 in parallel to a full bridge output or a piezoelectric transformer 4 as in this aspect is such that, in the frequency band used, the input impedance angle is close to +90°, so that the load impedance of the full bridge circuit 1 is inductive, and the output current phase of the full bridge circuit 1 is a “lagging phase”.
  • FIG. 3 corresponds to states 4 and 5 in FIG. 6 , in which through current flows.
  • This invention is not limited to the configuration of the first aspect, and another configuration can be adopted, so long as the flow of current in the body diode of an FET which has transitioned from on to off is limited during the dead time.
  • the load was made inductive; but an inductance may be provided on the output side of the full bridge circuit, entirely separately from the filter circuit 3 .
  • the first aspect relates to a full bridge circuit; but this invention can also be applied to cases in which through currents occur due to the body diodes of FETs in piezoelectric inverter driving circuits employing half bridge circuits or other switching circuits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US12/513,162 2006-11-07 2007-10-24 Piezoelectric transformer driving circuit Abandoned US20100066204A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006-301635 2006-11-07
JP2006301635 2006-11-07
PCT/JP2007/001157 WO2008056435A1 (fr) 2006-11-07 2007-10-24 Circuit de commande de transformateur piézoélectrique

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US20100066204A1 true US20100066204A1 (en) 2010-03-18

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US12/513,162 Abandoned US20100066204A1 (en) 2006-11-07 2007-10-24 Piezoelectric transformer driving circuit

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US (1) US20100066204A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPWO2008056435A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE112007002621T5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008056435A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110309803A1 (en) * 2010-04-20 2011-12-22 Austriamicrosystems Ag Method for Switching an Electrical Load in a Bridge Branch of a Bridge Circuit, and Bridge Circuit
WO2013173495A1 (fr) * 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 Corinthian Ophthalmic, Inc. Dispositifs éjecteurs, procédés, pilotes, et circuits correspondants
EP2961056A4 (fr) * 2013-02-22 2016-10-26 Fuji Machine Mfg Dispositif de source de puissance à courant alternatif
KR20170031106A (ko) * 2014-07-16 2017-03-20 버메스 마이크로디스펜싱 게엠베하 피에조 액추에이터의 위상각 제어
US20170133937A1 (en) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-11 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Power supplying apparatus
US12029682B2 (en) 2012-04-10 2024-07-09 Eyenovia, Inc. Spray ejector mechanisms and devices providing charge isolation and controllable droplet charge, and low dosage volume ophthalmic administration

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TWI586216B (zh) 2008-10-08 2017-06-01 Holdip Ltd 照明系統之改良
GB201309340D0 (en) 2013-05-23 2013-07-10 Led Lighting Consultants Ltd Improvements relating to power adaptors
GB201322022D0 (en) 2013-12-12 2014-01-29 Led Lighting Consultants Ltd Improvements relating to power adaptors
JP6522962B2 (ja) * 2015-01-23 2019-05-29 株式会社沖データ ヒータ制御装置及び画像形成装置
CN110401375B (zh) * 2019-07-29 2020-11-24 西南科技大学 一种高压压电陶瓷驱动电源及控制方法

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US5739622A (en) * 1995-08-07 1998-04-14 Nec Corporation Converter wherein a piezoelectric transformer input signal is frequency modulated by a pulse width modulated signal

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JP4338820B2 (ja) * 1999-04-23 2009-10-07 パナソニック株式会社 電源装置
JP2002233158A (ja) 1999-11-09 2002-08-16 O2 Micro Internatl Ltd 高効率適応型ｄｃ／ａｃコンバータ
JP4341059B2 (ja) * 2000-11-21 2009-10-07 Ｔｄｋラムダ株式会社 共振型スイッチング電源装置
JP2003164163A (ja) 2001-11-20 2003-06-06 Hitachi Metals Ltd 圧電トランス駆動回路
JP2006280120A (ja) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-12 Daihen Corp インバータ電源装置

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US5739622A (en) * 1995-08-07 1998-04-14 Nec Corporation Converter wherein a piezoelectric transformer input signal is frequency modulated by a pulse width modulated signal

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9735336B2 (en) * 2010-04-20 2017-08-15 Ams Ag Method for switching an electrical load in a bridge branch of a bridge circuit, and bridge circuit
US20110309803A1 (en) * 2010-04-20 2011-12-22 Austriamicrosystems Ag Method for Switching an Electrical Load in a Bridge Branch of a Bridge Circuit, and Bridge Circuit
US12029682B2 (en) 2012-04-10 2024-07-09 Eyenovia, Inc. Spray ejector mechanisms and devices providing charge isolation and controllable droplet charge, and low dosage volume ophthalmic administration
WO2013173495A1 (fr) * 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 Corinthian Ophthalmic, Inc. Dispositifs éjecteurs, procédés, pilotes, et circuits correspondants
US9539604B2 (en) 2012-05-15 2017-01-10 Eyenovia, Inc. Ejector devices, methods, drivers, and circuits therefor
US11260416B2 (en) 2012-05-15 2022-03-01 Eyenovia, Inc. Ejector devices, methods, drivers, and circuits therefor
EP2961056A4 (fr) * 2013-02-22 2016-10-26 Fuji Machine Mfg Dispositif de source de puissance à courant alternatif
US20180219495A1 (en) * 2014-07-16 2018-08-02 Vermes Microdispensing GmbH Phase-chopping control of piezoelectric actuators
US10491141B2 (en) 2014-07-16 2019-11-26 Vermes Microdispensing GmbH Phase-chopping control of piezoelectric actuators
TWI703807B (zh) * 2014-07-16 2020-09-01 德商韋密斯微分配有限公司 壓電致動器陣列的壓電控制電路及控制方法、壓電致動裝置及含有其之計量閥
KR102407688B1 (ko) * 2014-07-16 2022-06-10 버메스 마이크로디스펜싱 게엠베하 피에조 액추에이터의 위상각 제어
KR20170031106A (ko) * 2014-07-16 2017-03-20 버메스 마이크로디스펜싱 게엠베하 피에조 액추에이터의 위상각 제어
KR20170053952A (ko) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-17 삼성전기주식회사 전원 공급 장치
US10128759B2 (en) * 2015-11-09 2018-11-13 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Power supplying apparatus with piezoelectric transformers
KR102283082B1 (ko) 2015-11-09 2021-07-30 삼성전기주식회사 전원 공급 장치
US20170133937A1 (en) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-11 Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. Power supplying apparatus

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WO2008056435A1 (fr) 2008-05-15
JPWO2008056435A1 (ja) 2010-02-25
DE112007002621T5 (de) 2009-09-17

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Owner name: TAMURA CORPORATION,JAPAN

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Effective date: 20090520

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