US20090255670A1 - Method of Monitoring Underground Diffusion of Carbon Dioxide - Google Patents

Method of Monitoring Underground Diffusion of Carbon Dioxide Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090255670A1
US20090255670A1 US11/990,207 US99020706A US2009255670A1 US 20090255670 A1 US20090255670 A1 US 20090255670A1 US 99020706 A US99020706 A US 99020706A US 2009255670 A1 US2009255670 A1 US 2009255670A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
ground
coal seam
tiltmeters
coal
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Abandoned
Application number
US11/990,207
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English (en)
Inventor
Hiroyuki Koyama
Masao Nako
Hironobu Komaki
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Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
Kanso Technos Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kansai Electric Power Co Inc
General Environmental Technos Co Ltd
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Assigned to GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOS CO., LTD., THE, KANSAI ELECTRIC POWER CO., INC., THE reassignment GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOS CO., LTD., THE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KOYAMA, HIROYUKI, KOMAKI, HIRONOBU, NAKO, MASAO
Publication of US20090255670A1 publication Critical patent/US20090255670A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/70—Combining sequestration of CO2 and exploitation of hydrocarbons by injecting CO2 or carbonated water in oil wells

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a monitoring method used when injecting carbon dioxide into an underground coal seam to cause it to be adsorbed to the coal seam, and collecting hydrocarbon gases that have been displaced by the carbon dioxide and released from the coal seam, and more particularly to a monitoring method of underground diffusion of carbon dioxide for efficiently collecting hydrocarbon gases by monitoring the behavior of carbon dioxide injected into the coal seam.
  • coal can adsorb gases due to its microscopic pores.
  • underground coal seams, which comprise coal contain huge amounts of hydrocarbon gases such as methane gas.
  • coal can adsorb a several times larger amount of carbon dioxide than methane.
  • methane gas By displacing e.g. methane gas in coal with carbon dioxide, it is possible to efficiently and stably store carbon dioxide in coal, and collect methane gas which has been displaced by carbon dioxide as a clean energy source.
  • Patent document 1 There exist technologies for commercially collecting methane gas in coal seams as fuel gases or material gases. (e.g. Patent document 1).
  • hydrocarbon gases such as methane gas from a coal seam
  • hydrocarbon gases retained in the coal seam are replaced by injected carbon dioxide gas and collected. This is typically carried out as follows.
  • carbon dioxide gas is injected into the coal seam through a well open to the ground surface. Since the coal seam can adsorb carbon dioxide by an amount e.g. two to several times larger than that of methane, carbon dioxide gas is preferentially adsorbed to the coal surface, so that hydrocarbon gases such as methane gas that have been adsorbed to the coal are released.
  • Coal seams used for this purpose may be deep ones, from which it is difficult to actually mine coal, or low-quality and thus less economically favorable coal seams.
  • carbon dioxide is one of greenhouse gases, of which discharge control is being strengthened today, the abovementioned technology is considered to be an excellent technology for recycling resources because it can stably store carbon dioxide and can effectively collect natural gases that have been displaced by carbon dioxide.
  • seismic survey As means for checking the physical properties and geological structures of other ordinary strata and rock beds, there are also known seismic survey, tomography (elastic wave measurement, specific resistance measurement and electromagnetic wave measurement), geophysical logging (neutron logging, phonometry and density logging).
  • Patent document 1 JP patent publication 2004-3326A
  • Patent document 2 JP patent publication 2004-309143A
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a monitoring method which is free of the above problems and with which the behavior of carbon dioxide injected into the ground can be continuously measured for a long period of time at a low cost, using a relatively simple device.
  • the present invention provides a method of monitoring diffusion of carbon dioxide into the ground, comprising providing at least one injection well and at least one production well which both lead to an underground coal seam, providing a plurality of tiltmeters at intervals in the ground above the coal seam and between the injection well and the production well, injecting under pressure carbon dioxide gas into the injection well to allow the carbon dioxide gas to diffuse into the coal seam, producing hydrocarbon gases in the coal seam which have been displaced by the carbon dioxide gas that has diffused into the coal seam from the production well, and simultaneously monitoring how the carbon dioxide has diffused into the ground corresponding to the amount of production of the hydrocarbon gases by checking chronological changes in inclination angles as indicated on the tiltmeters.
  • the inclination angles of the tiltmeters chronologically change with time delays as carbon dioxide reaches the respective points of the coal layer located right under the respective tiltmeters.
  • the inclination angles indicated on the tiltmeters are considered to be related, to some extent, to the amount of carbon dioxide that has diffused into the coal seam.
  • the tiltmeters it is possible to infer, to some extent, the behaviors of gases such as to what points of the coal seam, carbon dioxide has reached now, its scattering speed, and the range in which hydrocarbon gases reach.
  • the tiltmeters are preferably provided in the ground above a cap rock layer because gases such as carbon dioxide gas cannot easily diffuse through the cap rock layer.
  • the tiltmeters are provided in the ground at a depth of 10 to 60 m.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the method of monitoring underground diffusion of carbon dioxide.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the injecting conditions of carbon dioxide and chronological changes in the amount of gases produced.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing chronological changes in the east-west and north-south inclinations at point A.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing chronological changes in the east-west and north-south inclinations at point B.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing chronological changes in the east-west and north-south inclinations at point C.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing chronological changes in the east-west and north-south inclinations at point D.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing chronological changes in the east-west and north-south inclinations at point E.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing chronological changes in the east-west and north-south inclinations at point F.
  • the embodiment is directed to a method of monitoring carbon dioxide gas that has diffused into the ground.
  • This method is used in a system for storing carbon dioxide and producing hydrocarbon gases.
  • this system includes two wells comprising an injection well 3 and a production well 4 which lead to a lower layer 2 of two coal seams comprising a main layer 1 and the lower layer 2 .
  • carbon dioxide gas is injected under pressure into injection well 3 to store the carbon dioxide gas in coal or the like in the lower layer 2 .
  • the carbon dioxide gas thus displaces hydrocarbon gases including methane gas, which are released and collected from the production well 4 .
  • observation holes are drilled at six points (A, B, C, D, E and F).
  • a tiltmeter is placed at the bottom of each observation hole.
  • the observation holes drilled at the six points are 12 m deep at points A, B, C and D and 50 m deep at points E and F.
  • Points A and B, points B and C, and points C and D are spaced apart from each other by about 25 m, about 80 m, and about 80 m, respectively.
  • Points E and F are located right under points B and C, respectively.
  • Carbon dioxide used in this invention may be one separated and collected from carbon dioxide-containing exhaust gas produced in thermal power plants or produced when fossil fuel is consumed in factories.
  • High-purity carbon dioxide is relatively easily obtainable with an amine method in which carbon dioxide is separated and collected by allowing it to be absorbed into an amine such as monoethanolamine.
  • liquid carbon dioxide thus obtained is used, it is fed under pressure from a liquid carbon dioxide tank 5 by means of a pressure pump 6 , and heated and evaporated in an evaporator 7 before being introduced into the injection well 3 .
  • Carbon dioxide is injected into the injection well so as to be injected into a carbon dioxide injection pipe 8 leading to the coal seam (lower layer 2 ) at a predetermined pressure and temperature.
  • injection pressure and temperature vary with the depth of the coal seam (lower layer 2 )
  • the preferable injection pressure and temperature are presumably about 10 MPa and 30° C., respectively.
  • the injection pressure reaches the supercritical state at around the injection pressure and temperature at the injection point. But at a point spaced several tens of meters from the injection point, the injection pressure and temperature presumably decrease to 5 MPa and 30° C., respectively.
  • the injection pressure may presumably be 15 MPa.
  • the injection pressure may presumably be 35 MPa.
  • Carbon dioxide may be injected through a plurality of such injection wells 3 .
  • the injection pressure is kept at a relatively high level to form many cracks in the coal seam by intentionally breaking the coal seam.
  • sand may be mixed into the coal seam to prevent cracks of the coal seam from closing again, thereby allowing diffusion of carbon dioxide into a wide range of the coal seam for a long period of time.
  • the production well 4 is preferably spaced from the injection well 3 by a sufficient distance such that carbon dioxide introduced through the injection well 3 into the coal seam can be adsorbed to the coal seam. Such a distance is presumably at least several tens of meters.
  • the production well 4 may be spaced from the injection well 3 by the above distance not only in the horizontal direction, but in any other three-dimensional direction.
  • carbon dioxide may be injected into a deep portion of the coal seam, and underground gases including methane gas may be collected from its portion right over the portion where carbon dioxide is injected. If the coal seam is inclined, carbon oxide may be injected into its deep portion, and underground gases may be collected from its shallow portion horizontally spaced from the deep portion.
  • underground gases collected from the production well 4 which contain e.g. vapor, are fed to a gas-liquid separator 10 , in which the liquid contents are separated by an ordinary method, and collected into sump tanks 9 a and 9 b.
  • the aliquoted hydrocarbon gases including methane gas are, after optional refining, fed to facilities that need such gases.
  • the tiltmeters used in this invention are preferably high-precision tiltmeters capable of measuring angles in increments of 10 ⁇ 6 to 10 ⁇ 9 radians. But they are not structurally limited.
  • Such high-precision tiltmeters include one having a container in which an electrolytic solution is trapped with an air bubble present in the solution.
  • the potential fields in the X-Y directions of the electrolytic solution including the air bubble change.
  • Commercially available such tiltmeters include high-precision tiltmeters made by Pinnacle (USA).
  • the number of the tiltmeters used and the distances therebetween are not particularly limited. According to the size of the underground coal seam used, the geological properties of the coal seam and the layer thereover, the distance between the injection well and the production well, and/or the monitoring accuracy required, the tiltmeters are provided at intervals of about 30 m to several kilometers (e.g. 1 to 6 km).
  • coal seams that are similar to those shown in FIG. 1 , inclinations were actually measured.
  • the coal seams used in this experiment are located in Minami-Oh-Yubari coal mine in Hokkaido, Japan.
  • the injection well 3 and the production well 4 were spaced from each other by 180 m, with the production well 4 drilled at a point where the inclined coal seams are located higher than their point where the injection well 3 was drilled.
  • Carbon dioxide was continuously injected under the conditions shown in shown in FIG. 1 (injection pressure (MPa) and the amount of injection (t)) for the period from Nov. 9, 2004 to Nov. 29, 2004.
  • injection pressure (MPa) injection pressure
  • t amount of injection
  • the data of the tiltmeters A, B, C, D, E and F are shown in FIGS. 2 to 8 .
  • the north-south inclinations at points A, B and C changed about 1 to 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 for the period of 2 to 3 days from November 9, i.e. from the start of injection of carbon dioxide. Thereafter, the north-south inclination at point D also increased and decreased. Then, from around November 20, production of hydrocarbon gases mainly comprising methane gas began. The production thereof increased to 100 m 3 /day or over and 150 m 3 /day.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US11/990,207 2005-08-10 2006-02-10 Method of Monitoring Underground Diffusion of Carbon Dioxide Abandoned US20090255670A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005-232136 2005-08-10
JP2005232136A JP4739855B2 (ja) 2005-08-10 2005-08-10 二酸化炭素ガスの地中浸透モニタリング方法
PCT/JP2006/302347 WO2007017965A1 (ja) 2005-08-10 2006-02-10 二酸化炭素ガスの地中浸透モニタリング方法

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR100999030B1 (ko) 2010-08-10 2010-12-10 한국지질자원연구원 압력 모니터링에 의한 지중 가스 저장층에서의 가스유출 탐지방법 및 지중 가스 저장시스템
CN102375425A (zh) * 2010-08-17 2012-03-14 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 煤矿安全监控系统
CN102587958A (zh) * 2012-03-09 2012-07-18 山西蓝焰煤层气工程研究有限责任公司 一种开采煤层气的方法
CN102720473A (zh) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-10 中联煤层气有限责任公司 开采煤层气的方法
WO2013013721A1 (en) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-31 Statoil Petroleum As Recovery methods for hydrocarbon gas reservoirs
US20130173166A1 (en) * 2012-01-04 2013-07-04 Mohammed Badri Tracking non-uniform flooding fronts of gas injection in oil reservoirs
US8517094B2 (en) 2010-09-03 2013-08-27 Landmark Graphics Corporation Detecting and correcting unintended fluid flow between subterranean zones
US8656995B2 (en) 2010-09-03 2014-02-25 Landmark Graphics Corporation Detecting and correcting unintended fluid flow between subterranean zones
CN103760086A (zh) * 2014-01-21 2014-04-30 河南理工大学 注二氧化碳与煤中矿物质反应后渗透率变化实验装置
CN104345022A (zh) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-11 河南煤业化工集团研究院有限责任公司 一种井下煤层渗透率直接测试方法
CN104806205A (zh) * 2015-05-12 2015-07-29 吉林大学 一种陆域天然气水合物开采的方法
CN105804701A (zh) * 2016-03-18 2016-07-27 河南方舟新能源股份有限公司 一种煤层气井间开的自动控制方法
CN106761585A (zh) * 2017-02-25 2017-05-31 太原理工大学 一种废弃采空区煤层气极限抽采方法
CN107327395B (zh) * 2016-04-29 2019-01-18 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种控制煤层气井的排水泵工作周期的方法
US20190226313A1 (en) * 2016-11-14 2019-07-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Capture and recovery exhaust gas from machinery located and operated at a well site
AU2015205856B2 (en) * 2014-07-21 2019-08-15 Aj Lucas Pty Ltd Improvements to recovery of hydrocarbons
CN116641687A (zh) * 2023-05-31 2023-08-25 贵阳学院 利用二氧化碳驱动地下水流动的方法及装置

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CN102297831B (zh) * 2011-05-23 2013-04-03 山东科技大学 一种煤层渗透率快速气测的试验装置及方法
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CN106706474B (zh) * 2017-01-18 2019-07-16 神华集团有限责任公司 气体监测方法及装置
CN110320140B (zh) * 2018-03-30 2021-09-14 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Co2作用下的渗吸实验装置及方法

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US4043395A (en) * 1975-03-13 1977-08-23 Continental Oil Company Method for removing methane from coal
US7028772B2 (en) * 2000-04-26 2006-04-18 Pinnacle Technologies, Inc. Treatment well tiltmeter system
US7500517B2 (en) * 2006-02-16 2009-03-10 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Kerogen extraction from subterranean oil shale resources

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JP3283975B2 (ja) * 1993-02-03 2002-05-20 三井鉱山株式会社 炭層メタンの回収及び炭酸ガスの地下固定化処理方法
JP2004003326A (ja) * 2002-04-26 2004-01-08 Hitoshi Koide 非燃焼方式原位置炭層ガス化回収方法及び非燃焼方式地下有機物・化石有機物原位置ガス化回収方法
JP3858844B2 (ja) * 2003-04-02 2006-12-20 日立協和エンジニアリング株式会社 炭酸ガスの地中固定におけるガスモニタリング装置およびガスモニタリング方法

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US4043395A (en) * 1975-03-13 1977-08-23 Continental Oil Company Method for removing methane from coal
US7028772B2 (en) * 2000-04-26 2006-04-18 Pinnacle Technologies, Inc. Treatment well tiltmeter system
US7500517B2 (en) * 2006-02-16 2009-03-10 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Kerogen extraction from subterranean oil shale resources

Cited By (22)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012020891A1 (ko) * 2010-08-10 2012-02-16 한국지질자원연구원 압력 모니터링에 의한 지중 가스 저장층에서의 가스유출 탐지방법 및 지중 가스 저장시스템
KR100999030B1 (ko) 2010-08-10 2010-12-10 한국지질자원연구원 압력 모니터링에 의한 지중 가스 저장층에서의 가스유출 탐지방법 및 지중 가스 저장시스템
CN102375425A (zh) * 2010-08-17 2012-03-14 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 煤矿安全监控系统
US8517094B2 (en) 2010-09-03 2013-08-27 Landmark Graphics Corporation Detecting and correcting unintended fluid flow between subterranean zones
US8656995B2 (en) 2010-09-03 2014-02-25 Landmark Graphics Corporation Detecting and correcting unintended fluid flow between subterranean zones
CN102720473A (zh) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-10 中联煤层气有限责任公司 开采煤层气的方法
AU2011373946B2 (en) * 2011-07-28 2017-06-01 Equinor Energy As Recovery methods for hydrocarbon gas reservoirs
WO2013013721A1 (en) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-31 Statoil Petroleum As Recovery methods for hydrocarbon gas reservoirs
AU2011373946B9 (en) * 2011-07-28 2017-11-23 Equinor Energy As Recovery methods for hydrocarbon gas reservoirs
US9188697B2 (en) * 2012-01-04 2015-11-17 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Tracking non-uniform flooding fronts of gas injection in oil reservoirs
US20130173166A1 (en) * 2012-01-04 2013-07-04 Mohammed Badri Tracking non-uniform flooding fronts of gas injection in oil reservoirs
CN102587958A (zh) * 2012-03-09 2012-07-18 山西蓝焰煤层气工程研究有限责任公司 一种开采煤层气的方法
CN104345022A (zh) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-11 河南煤业化工集团研究院有限责任公司 一种井下煤层渗透率直接测试方法
CN103760086A (zh) * 2014-01-21 2014-04-30 河南理工大学 注二氧化碳与煤中矿物质反应后渗透率变化实验装置
AU2015205856B2 (en) * 2014-07-21 2019-08-15 Aj Lucas Pty Ltd Improvements to recovery of hydrocarbons
CN104806205A (zh) * 2015-05-12 2015-07-29 吉林大学 一种陆域天然气水合物开采的方法
CN105804701A (zh) * 2016-03-18 2016-07-27 河南方舟新能源股份有限公司 一种煤层气井间开的自动控制方法
CN107327395B (zh) * 2016-04-29 2019-01-18 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种控制煤层气井的排水泵工作周期的方法
US20190226313A1 (en) * 2016-11-14 2019-07-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Capture and recovery exhaust gas from machinery located and operated at a well site
US10570718B2 (en) * 2016-11-14 2020-02-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Capture and recovery exhaust gas from machinery located and operated at a well site
CN106761585A (zh) * 2017-02-25 2017-05-31 太原理工大学 一种废弃采空区煤层气极限抽采方法
CN116641687A (zh) * 2023-05-31 2023-08-25 贵阳学院 利用二氧化碳驱动地下水流动的方法及装置

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CA2618629A1 (en) 2007-02-15
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JP2007046339A (ja) 2007-02-22

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