US20090217787A1 - Waste treatment furnace and method - Google Patents

Waste treatment furnace and method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090217787A1
US20090217787A1 US12/162,034 US16203406A US2009217787A1 US 20090217787 A1 US20090217787 A1 US 20090217787A1 US 16203406 A US16203406 A US 16203406A US 2009217787 A1 US2009217787 A1 US 2009217787A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
waste
molten metal
waste treatment
area
bed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/162,034
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English (en)
Inventor
Luis Cobos Jimenez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fundacion Tecnalia Research and Innovation
Original Assignee
Fundacion Inasmet
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fundacion Inasmet filed Critical Fundacion Inasmet
Assigned to FUNDACION INASMET reassignment FUNDACION INASMET ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JIMENEZ, LUIS COBOS
Publication of US20090217787A1 publication Critical patent/US20090217787A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
    • C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/04—Working-up slag
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a waste treatment furnace and method, especially for the valorization of waste such as steelmaking dust, aluminum slag and chips, electronic scrap, waste containing precious metals, or inerting dangerous materials such as asbestos fiber.
  • Waste is dumped into a molten metal bed, the complete treatment thereof being carried out practically on the surface of the molten metal bed.
  • This treatment for example allows recovering the metal fraction contained in the waste.
  • waste normally incorporates materials from different mixed classes, such as plastics, metals and others which, upon smelting, can cause contaminating gases or fumes that are difficult to treat. This implies having to carry out prior waste separation or selection treatments.
  • waste to be treated would be steelmaking dust for example, containing large quantities of Zn, Pb or Cd and which are generated in refining and smelting operations in the steel production processes, collected in fume purification systems, and which form dangerous waste mainly due to the presence of Pb or Cd.
  • Heating systems can be mentioned as an example.
  • the patents mentioned use, respectively in the indicated order, carbon combustion by oxygen injection, DC plasma arc and carbon combustion by blowing air.
  • the temperatures are lower with air blowing, but a variable part of the iron contained in the steelmaking dust is not reduced, and the material obtained must be further reprocessed in an arc furnace because the smelting temperature of the metal which would allow directly extracting the iron is not reached.
  • the solid metal particles are introduced from the outside and on the other hand the molten metal is introduced from the furnace, the mixture thus formed is then conveyed to a second tank from which the impurities, scum and slag from the bath are conveyed towards the outside, returning the molten metal to the furnace.
  • This furnace has a small outlet on one side to cause, with the aid of a pump, metal to flow towards the first tank in which a diverter is located, creating a spiral circulation facilitating the immersion of the waste particles in the flow of metal, for then passing this flow of metal through a conduit located at the bottom of the mentioned first tank, to a second tank in which the scum, slag and impurities are released, as has been previously mentioned, and then the flow of metal is introduced into the furnace.
  • aluminum slag or chip treatment is carried out by immersion in the melt contained in the first tank by means of generating a downward spiral flow dragging the chips from the surface of the molten metal to the interior thereof.
  • the installation has a complicated geometry due to incorporating on one hand the furnace and on the other hand the interconnected tanks and the communication conduits, increasing complexity of maintaining the facility, turning it off, turning it on and draining it.
  • This installation is suitable for treating aluminum chips, but is dangerous due to the quick immersion of aluminum in the molten metal melt, since it can cause explosions if the aluminum chips contain water or moisture, given that this water is converted into hydrogen, which can violently explode.
  • the waste treatment method object of the invention comprises the following steps:
  • the method comprises extracting slag so that the surface of the molten metal bed has the mentioned essentially-slag-free segment, which will coincide with the waste loading area. For that reason slag is extracted after retaining and treating the waste, and before loading waste corresponding to the next cycle.
  • the waste is retained before extracting the slag so that the waste treatment is carried out in a wide area extending from the loading of the waste to the extraction of the slag.
  • the method likewise comprises heating the molten metal bed after extracting the slag so that the essentially-slag-free segment always has a substantially constant temperature.
  • Heating the molten metal bed can be carried out by means of a plasma torch or electric arc and can be carried out at one or more points of the molten metal bed.
  • the heating can comprise additional heating near the retaining of the waste in order to accelerate the treatment thereof, for example for materials such as steelmaking dust, asbestos fiber.
  • the waste is loaded onto the essentially-slag-free segment, it is dragged by the molten metal bed as if it was a conveyor belt, until it is retained, leaving the waste loading area free, which will be occupied by a new essentially-slag-free segment and with constant temperature of the molten metal bed.
  • the waste is retained, floating on the surface of the molten metal bed until it has been completely treated (smelted, vitrified, volatilized . . . ) by the action of the continuous movement of the molten metal bed.
  • the method of the invention is conceived so that immersing the waste in the molten metal bed is not necessary, but rather the waste is substantially smelted on the surface thereof under the effect of the temperature and the flow of the molten metal bed, favored by retaining the waste, reducing the treatment time thereof to allow its complete treatment due to the fact that the continuous movement of the metal bed beneath the waste accelerates heat exchange in treating the waste compared to a static metal bed.
  • the method provides discretional tapping of part of the molten metal bed for its recovery.
  • the molten metal bed has a high specific surface area in relation to its total mass in the treatment and heating area, i.e. a high ratio between the surface and the metal mass, which determines its capacity to treat a large amount of waste per unit of time and energy.
  • Loading of the waste is carried out according to its own treatment speed. Of course by adjusting the treatment parameters, loading of the waste can be carried out continuously.
  • the molten metal bed can be formed by ferrous or non-ferrous metals depending on the nature of the waste to be treated.
  • the waste can comprise different fractions and especially any of the following:
  • the method of the invention allows carrying out the complete waste treatment, i.e. of all its constituent fractions.
  • the metal fraction that is soluble in the metal bed at the temperature of the molten metal bed is incorporated to the molten metal bed. Incorporating this metal fraction implies the valorization of this fraction of the waste.
  • the volatilizable fraction is subjected to an extraction and treatment phase, both while loading the waste and while retaining the waste and treating same, which comprises filtering the fumes generated from the contact of the waste with the molten metal bed, destroying possible elements or harmful compounds, and even recovering the metal part which could contain the volatilizable fraction, such as metal oxides for example.
  • the fraction that is non-soluble at the temperature of the molten metal bed and non-volatilizable is positioned on the surface of the molten metal bed in the form of slag.
  • the invention also relates to a waste treatment furnace comprising a tank of molten metal that is carried out in a channel arranged such that it forms a closed circuit and molten metal driving means causing such molten metal to move inside the tank in a continuous and cyclical manner.
  • the furnace has at least one waste loading area for dumping the waste on the molten metal surface circulating through the tank of metal and at least one treatment area comprising waste retaining means for retaining the waste which is dragged by the molten metal in its movement, the retaining means being located substantially at the molten metal surface level.
  • the tank can additionally comprise discretional tapping means to tap part of the molten metal.
  • the movement of the molten metal inside the tank causes the waste to move such that it floats from mentioned at least one loading area towards mentioned at least one treatment area in which the waste is retained by retaining means, whereas the molten metal continues its movement beneath the waste, causing the treatment thereof.
  • the furnace also comprises at least one slag extraction area, arranged behind the mentioned at least one treatment area which allows obtaining a substantially slag-free molten metal surface in the at least one waste loading area in order to favor quick smelting of the waste.
  • the furnace further comprises at least one heating area that is arranged after the at least one slag extraction area so that the molten metal has in the mentioned at least one loading area a substantially constant temperature.
  • the at least one waste treatment area extends from the at least one loading area towards the at least one slag extraction area, the waste treatment being carried out substantially on the molten metal surface, without needing to immerse it in the molten metal.
  • the tank of molten metal has a reduced height in comparison to its horizontal section in order to obtain optimum energy efficiency, i.e. it has a high ratio between the molten metal surface and its mass.
  • the at least one heating area comprises at least one electric arc produced by means of a plasma torch for example.
  • the furnace also comprises treatment means for treating fumes that can be generated as a result of the combustion of the organic fraction in certain types of waste. These fume treatment means extend to the at least one waste treatment area and to the at least one waste loading when the nature of such waste requires it.
  • the molten metal bed can be ferrous or non-ferrous, according to the waste to be treated.
  • the at least one loading area of the furnace can be divided into several areas in which the different types of waste are selectively distributed for the purpose of optimizing the treatment conditions thereof.
  • waste can be introduced in the furnace in the form of pellets or briquettes formed by metal oxides.
  • the furnace of the invention can carry out complete waste treatment in wastes comprising different fractions and particularly any of the following:
  • the metal fraction that is soluble at the temperature of the molten metal bed is incorporated to the molten metal bed and can be collected through the tapping means.
  • the volatilizable fraction is collected by means of the fume treatment means and allows destroying possible elements or harmful compounds, and even recovering the metal part (Pb, Zn, Cd) which the volatilizable fraction could contain.
  • the fraction that is non-soluble and non-volatilizable at the temperature of the molten metal bed is transformed into slag on the surface of the molten metal bed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the waste treatment furnace object of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the waste treatment, including the retaining means for retaining such waste.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a furnace formed by four waste treatment areas.
  • the waste treatment furnace comprises a tank ( 1 ) of molten metal, a loading area ( 2 ) for loading a waste (W) towards the tank ( 1 ), a treatment area ( 3 ) comprising waste retaining means ( 4 ) and driving means, not represented, to generate a movement of the molten metal in a continuous and cyclical manner inside the tank ( 1 ), such that the molten metal drags the waste on its surface until reaching the retaining means ( 4 ) which do not allow the waste (W) to pass, whereas the molten metal continues its movement beneath the waste (W) causing the complete treatment of the waste, as will be described below.
  • the retaining means ( 4 ) are arranged close together on the molten metal surface and the waste acts against such means, retaining them but without preventing the movement of the molten metal.
  • the furnace also comprises a heating area comprising heating means ( 5 ), such as a plasma torch and a fume treatment area ( 6 ), not represented, extending to the treatment area ( 3 ) and/or to the loading area ( 2 ), according to the nature of the waste to be treated.
  • heating means ( 5 ) such as a plasma torch and a fume treatment area ( 6 ), not represented, extending to the treatment area ( 3 ) and/or to the loading area ( 2 ), according to the nature of the waste to be treated.
  • the furnace comprises a slag extraction area ( 6 ) arranged after the treatment area ( 3 ) and before the loading area ( 2 ) so that the molten metal surface is slag-free in the waste loading area ( 2 ).
  • the heating means ( 5 ) are arranged behind the slag extraction area ( 6 ), such that the molten metal has a substantially homogeneous temperature on its surface in the loading area ( 2 ).
  • the furnace can have discretional tapping means ( 7 ) to tap part of the molten metal.
  • the tank ( 1 ) of molten metal has little depth compared to its horizontal section so that the specific surface area of molten metal in movement is high in relation to the total molten metal mass.
  • the method allows complete waste treatment.
  • FIG. 2 has represented waste (W) comprising the following fractions:
  • the waste (W) is loaded into the loading area ( 2 ) and is transported by the molten metal until it is retained by the retaining means ( 4 ).
  • Waste treatment begins in the loading area ( 2 ) but is completed when retained by the retaining means ( 4 ), which allow reducing the treatment time thereof.
  • This treatment is favored by the continuous effect of the molten metal beneath the waste (W).
  • the soluble metal fraction (W 1 ) is incorporated in the molten metal bed ( 1 ), whereas the volatilizable fraction (W 2 ) will move on to a treatment and extraction phase that comprises filtering fumes and recovering the metal part that the fraction could contain and destroying possible hazardous materials that it could incorporate.
  • the fraction that is non-soluble at the temperature of the metal bed and non-volatilizable (W 3 ) moves on to the surface of the molten metal bed in the form of slag.
  • FIG. 1 relates to a basic embodiment comprising minimum means and areas for waste treatment, but it is evident that this embodiment has a modular character and can be repeated as many times as necessary depending on the quantities of waste to be treated.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a furnace formed four areas similar to the furnace of FIG. 1 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
US12/162,034 2006-01-26 2006-01-26 Waste treatment furnace and method Abandoned US20090217787A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2006/000032 WO2007085665A1 (es) 2006-01-26 2006-01-26 Procedimiento y horno para tratamiento de residuos

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PCT/ES2006/000032 A-371-Of-International WO2007085665A1 (es) 2006-01-26 2006-01-26 Procedimiento y horno para tratamiento de residuos

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US13/452,730 Active US8357223B2 (en) 2006-01-26 2012-04-20 Waste treatment furnace and method

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US (2) US20090217787A1 (pl)
EP (2) EP2009121B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN101395287B (pl)
ES (2) ES2671253T3 (pl)
PL (2) PL2662463T3 (pl)
TR (1) TR201807308T4 (pl)
WO (1) WO2007085665A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104596224A (zh) * 2015-01-31 2015-05-06 江西新金叶实业有限公司 炉料烘干窑
ES2742125T3 (es) 2015-04-23 2020-02-13 Digimet 2013 Sl Horno para fusión y tratamiento de metal y residuos metálicos y método de realización
CN112516954B (zh) * 2020-11-27 2023-04-21 常熟理工学院 一种利用铝渣制备纳米铝基吸附材料的方法
CN112489847B (zh) * 2020-12-01 2023-05-05 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 一种活化石墨减容处理方法

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3955970A (en) * 1974-04-08 1976-05-11 Aluminum Company Of America Continuous melting of aluminum scrap
US4060408A (en) * 1977-01-31 1977-11-29 Aluminum Company Of America Melting process
US4080408A (en) * 1976-11-26 1978-03-21 Uniroyal, Inc. 1,2,3,4,9,9-Hexachloro-1,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy(alkoxy)-1,4-methanonaphth-5-yl-dialkyl phosphates
US4147531A (en) * 1977-07-27 1979-04-03 Aluminum Company Of America Method and apparatus for removing surface contaminants from metallic scrap
US4598899A (en) * 1984-07-10 1986-07-08 Kennecott Corporation Light gauge metal scrap melting system
US4704162A (en) * 1983-03-28 1987-11-03 Alcan International Limited Melting scrap metal and ingestion of solids in molten metal
US5143357A (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-09-01 The Carborundum Company Melting metal particles and dispersing gas with vaned impeller
US5942023A (en) * 1997-02-12 1999-08-24 Exide Corporation Process for recovering metals from electric arc furnace (EAF) dust
US6036745A (en) * 1997-01-17 2000-03-14 Metaullics Systems Co., L.P. Molten metal charge well
US6217823B1 (en) * 1998-03-30 2001-04-17 Metaullics Systems Co., L.P. Metal scrap submergence system
US6322745B1 (en) * 1998-07-01 2001-11-27 Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. Direct smelting vessel and direct smelting process
US6494933B1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2002-12-17 B. U. S. Zinkrecycling Freiberg Gmbh Method of utilizing secondary raw materials containing iron, zinc and lead
US20070113705A1 (en) * 2005-11-22 2007-05-24 Tsl Engenharia, Manutencao E Preservacao Ambiental Ltda. Process and apparatus for use in recycling composite materials

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3997336A (en) * 1975-12-12 1976-12-14 Aluminum Company Of America Metal scrap melting system
US4322245A (en) * 1980-01-09 1982-03-30 Claxton Raymond J Method for submerging entraining, melting and circulating metal charge in molten media
US4701217A (en) * 1986-11-06 1987-10-20 University Of Birmingham Smelting reduction
US6245122B1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2001-06-12 J. W. Aluminum Company Apparatus and method for reclaiming scrap metal

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3955970A (en) * 1974-04-08 1976-05-11 Aluminum Company Of America Continuous melting of aluminum scrap
US4080408A (en) * 1976-11-26 1978-03-21 Uniroyal, Inc. 1,2,3,4,9,9-Hexachloro-1,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy(alkoxy)-1,4-methanonaphth-5-yl-dialkyl phosphates
US4060408A (en) * 1977-01-31 1977-11-29 Aluminum Company Of America Melting process
US4147531A (en) * 1977-07-27 1979-04-03 Aluminum Company Of America Method and apparatus for removing surface contaminants from metallic scrap
US4704162A (en) * 1983-03-28 1987-11-03 Alcan International Limited Melting scrap metal and ingestion of solids in molten metal
US4598899A (en) * 1984-07-10 1986-07-08 Kennecott Corporation Light gauge metal scrap melting system
US5143357A (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-09-01 The Carborundum Company Melting metal particles and dispersing gas with vaned impeller
US6036745A (en) * 1997-01-17 2000-03-14 Metaullics Systems Co., L.P. Molten metal charge well
US5942023A (en) * 1997-02-12 1999-08-24 Exide Corporation Process for recovering metals from electric arc furnace (EAF) dust
US6217823B1 (en) * 1998-03-30 2001-04-17 Metaullics Systems Co., L.P. Metal scrap submergence system
US6322745B1 (en) * 1998-07-01 2001-11-27 Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. Direct smelting vessel and direct smelting process
US6494933B1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2002-12-17 B. U. S. Zinkrecycling Freiberg Gmbh Method of utilizing secondary raw materials containing iron, zinc and lead
US20070113705A1 (en) * 2005-11-22 2007-05-24 Tsl Engenharia, Manutencao E Preservacao Ambiental Ltda. Process and apparatus for use in recycling composite materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120198964A1 (en) 2012-08-09
WO2007085665A1 (es) 2007-08-02
US8357223B2 (en) 2013-01-22
ES2671253T3 (es) 2018-06-05
EP2009121B1 (en) 2014-10-22
EP2662463B1 (en) 2018-03-21
EP2662463A1 (en) 2013-11-13
TR201807308T4 (tr) 2018-06-21
EP2009121A1 (en) 2008-12-31
EP2009121A4 (en) 2010-09-22
ES2528114T3 (es) 2015-02-04
PL2009121T3 (pl) 2015-04-30
CN101395287A (zh) 2009-03-25
CN101395287B (zh) 2012-08-29
PL2662463T3 (pl) 2018-08-31

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Owner name: FUNDACION INASMET, SPAIN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:JIMENEZ, LUIS COBOS;REEL/FRAME:022026/0151

Effective date: 20080716

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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