US20080302180A1 - Gravity Gradiometer - Google Patents
Gravity Gradiometer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080302180A1 US20080302180A1 US11/722,050 US72205006A US2008302180A1 US 20080302180 A1 US20080302180 A1 US 20080302180A1 US 72205006 A US72205006 A US 72205006A US 2008302180 A1 US2008302180 A1 US 2008302180A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mount
- bar
- gravity gradiometer
- mount section
- gradiometer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V7/00—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting
- G01V7/16—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting specially adapted for use on moving platforms, e.g. ship, aircraft
Definitions
- the gradiometer includes a gimbal bearing arrangement comprised of three concentric rings in which is mounted the sensing equipment.
- the sensing equipment generally comprises two spaced apart bars respectively located in shielded housings and each mounted on a web bearing.
- the instrument disclosed in that application is relatively complicated in that it includes a large number of parts and is relatively heavy which is a disadvantage particularly in airborne applications.
- the first bar is located in a first housing which is fixed to the first mount section, the bar being connected to the first housing by a fourth flexure web for movement relative to the first housing in response to the gravitational gradient.
- actuators are provided for moving the mount about the three orthogonal axes so as to stabilise orientation of the sensor during use of the gradiometer.
- FIG. 27 is a view similar to FIG. 25 but showing the transducer of FIG. 26 in place;
- FIG. 32 is a view of part of the actuator of FIG. 31 ;
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gravity gradiometer according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- the gradiometer shown in FIG. 1 comprises a double walled Dewar 1 which is supported in an external platform 2 .
- the external platform 2 enables adjustment of the Dewar and therefore the contents of the Dewar about three orthogonal axes.
- the external platform 2 is generally known and its adjustment by suitable motors or the like is also known. Thus, a detailed description will not be provided.
- a vacuum canister 3 is provided in the Dewar and the Dewar is supplied with liquid gas such as liquid helium He so that the gradiometer can operate at cryogenic temperature.
- the Dewar 1 is closed by an end plate 4 which includes connectors 5 a for connecting electrical leads (not shown) to external components (not shown).
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second mount 20 which comprises a peripheral wall 22 and a top wall 24 .
- the peripheral wall 22 has four lugs 13 for connecting the mount to the casing 61 .
- the top wall 24 and the peripheral wall 22 define an opening 28 .
- the peripheral wall 22 has a first part 25 , a second part 26 and a third part 27 .
- the second mount 20 is a monolithic integral structure and the first part 25 is formed by making a circumferential cut 19 through the peripheral wall except for the formation of flexure webs as will be described hereinafter.
- the third part 27 is formed by making a second circumferential cut 29 through the peripheral wall 22 except for flexure webs which will also be described hereinafter.
- the second mount 20 is mounted on the first mount 10 by locating the hub 18 into the opening 28 and the lugs 13 through respective cut-outs 16 as is shown in FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 8 shows sensor 40 mounted on the mounting.
- the sensor 40 is an Orthogonal Quadrupole Responder—OQR sensor formed of a first mass and a second mass in the form of a first bar 41 and a second bar 42 (not shown in FIG. 8 ) orthogonal to the bar 41 and which is of the same shape as the bar 41 .
- OFR Orthogonal Quadrupole Responder
- the bar 41 and the housing 45 together with the flexure web 59 are an integral monolithic structure.
- Transducers 71 are provided for measuring the movement of the bars and for producing output signals indicative of the amount of movement and therefore of the measurement of the differences in the gravitational field sensed by the bars.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram showing actuator control to stabilise the gradiometer by rotating the mounting 5 about three orthogonal axes (x, y, z).
- a controller 50 which may be a computer, microprocessor or the like outputs signals to actuators 52 , 53 , 54 and 55 .
- the actuator 52 could rotate the mounting 5 about the x axis
- the actuator 54 could rotate the mounting 5 about the y axis
- the actuator 54 could rotate the mounting 5 about the z axis.
- two of the four actuators 52 , 53 , 54 and 55 are used to rotate the mounting about each axis so that rotation about each axis is caused by a combination of two linear movements provided from two actuators.
- each actuator will be described with reference to FIGS. 31 and 32 .
- the position of the mounting 5 is monitored so that appropriate feedback can be provided to the controller 50 and the appropriate control signals provided to the actuators to rotate the support 10 as is required to stabilise the support during movement through the air either within or towed behind an aircraft.
- FIG. 12 shows the mounting 5 arranged within the casing 61 and formed by the ring 62 and the transparent hemispherical ends 63 .
- the ring 22 has connectors 69 for connecting the internal wiring from transducers 71 (see FIG. 8 ) and SQuID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) Electronics located in the casing 61 to the connectors 5 b ( FIG. 1 ).
- Error correction can be performed numerically based on digitised signals from the accelerometers and a temperature sensor.
- the first mount 10 has cut-outs 80 which effectively form slots for receiving lugs (not shown) which are connected to the mount 10 in the cut-outs 80 and also to the second mount 20 shown in FIGS. 19 to 21 .
- the lugs are separate components so that they can be made smaller, and more easily, made than being cut with the second mount section 20 which forms the second flexure web 33 and the third flexure web 37 .
- the cut line 88 tapers outwardly from the upper end shown in FIG. 14 to the lower end and the core 18 c tapers outwardly in corresponding shape, as best shown in FIG. 17 .
- FIG. 21 is an exploded view of the three parts 25 , 26 and 27 which make up the second mount 20 .
- an opening extends through the mount 20 which is formed by the hole 137 , hole 138 and hole 139 .
- the mount 20 shown in FIG. 21 is a monolithic structure and is merely shown in exploded view to clearly illustrate the location of the flexural webs 33 and 35 .
- the flexural web 33 shown in FIG. 21 joins with the part 26 and the flexural web 35 shown in FIG. 21 joins with the part 27 .
- the holes 137 , 138 and 139 define a passage through which the axle or first portion 18 a of the first mount 10 can extend when the second mount 20 is located in the first mount 10 .
- the torque produced is what constitutes the signal measured by the gradiometer.
- the first is to use internal rotational stabilization.
- Ho(s) represents the sensor assembly pivoted about the mounting 5 (as per FIG. 9 ).
- the block A(s) represents the actuator, which provides the feedback torque to effect the stabilization by canceling the applied disturbances.
- T(s) represents the sensor (or transducer) which measures the effect of the applied disturbance.
- This is the angular accelerometer.
- angular accelerometers in rotational control is unusual—usually gyros and/or highly damped tilt meters are used, but for our purpose the angular accelerometers are better, as the error is proportional to the angular acceleration disturbance.
- CMRR common mode rejection
- the transducers 71 a , 71 b , 71 g and 71 h are also used to form angular accelerometers for measuring the angular movement of the mounting 5 so that feedback signals can be provided to compensate for that angular movement.
- the line 366 is connected to a transformer 370 .
- the polarity of the signals from the transducers 71 a and 71 b and 71 g and 71 h are reversed so that the output of the transducer 370 on lines 371 and 372 is an addition of the signals rather than a subtraction, as is the case when the gradient is measured so the addition of the signals gives a measure of the angular movement of the bars.
- the outputs 371 and 372 are connected to SQUID device 375 for providing a measure of the angular acceleration which can be used in the circuit of FIG. 10 to provide compensation signals to stabilise the mounting 5 .
- Actuator 52 shown in FIG. 31 has a hollow disc housing 310 which has a mounting bracket 311 for connecting the disc housing 310 to mounting 5 .
- the hollow disc housing 310 therefore defines an inner chamber 312 in which is located coil support plate in the form of a disc 313 .
- the disc 313 has a wide hub section 314 and two annular surfaces 315 and 316 onto which windings W 1 and W 2 of coils are wound about the hub 314 .
- the second winding W 2 provided on the face 316 has a lead 333 which passes through a radial hole 334 and bore 345 in the disc 313 and then through hole 337 to tube 328 and to the left in FIG. 31 .
- the other end of the winding W 2 has a lead 338 which passes through the hole 337 into the tube 328 and to the left in FIG. 31 .
- current can circulate through the winding W 2 via the leads 333 and 338 .
- spurious magnetic fields which may detrimentally effect operation of the instrument are not generated by the actuator and therefore do not influence the sensitivity or operation of the instrument.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Gyroscopes (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
- Testing Of Balance (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2005905524A AU2005905524A0 (en) | 2005-10-06 | Gravity gradiometer | |
AU2005905524 | 2005-10-06 | ||
AU2005906669A AU2005906669A0 (en) | 2005-11-29 | Gravity Gradiometer | |
AU2005906669 | 2005-11-29 | ||
AU2006900193 | 2006-01-13 | ||
AU2006900193A AU2006900193A0 (en) | 2006-01-13 | Gravity gradiometer | |
PCT/AU2006/001271 WO2007038820A1 (fr) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Radiometre de gravite |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080302180A1 true US20080302180A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
Family
ID=37905899
Family Applications (13)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/722,076 Abandoned US20080257038A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity Gradiometer |
US11/722,050 Abandoned US20080302180A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity Gradiometer |
US11/722,061 Abandoned US20080282796A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity Gradiometer |
US11/722,058 Active 2027-06-15 US7823448B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Actuatory and gravity gradiometer |
US11/722,077 Active US7788974B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity gradiometer |
US11/722,073 Abandoned US20080307883A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity Gradiometer |
US11/722,031 Active US7784343B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity gradiometer |
US11/722,040 Abandoned US20080302179A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity Gradiometer |
US12/643,492 Active US7938003B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2009-12-21 | Gravity gradiometer |
US12/646,110 Expired - Fee Related US7942054B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2009-12-23 | Gravity gradiometer |
US12/646,186 Active US7975544B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2009-12-23 | Gravity gradiometer |
US12/647,982 Active US7980130B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2009-12-28 | Gravity gradiometer |
US12/714,634 Active US8074515B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2010-03-01 | Gravity gradiometer |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/722,076 Abandoned US20080257038A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity Gradiometer |
Family Applications After (11)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/722,061 Abandoned US20080282796A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity Gradiometer |
US11/722,058 Active 2027-06-15 US7823448B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Actuatory and gravity gradiometer |
US11/722,077 Active US7788974B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity gradiometer |
US11/722,073 Abandoned US20080307883A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity Gradiometer |
US11/722,031 Active US7784343B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity gradiometer |
US11/722,040 Abandoned US20080302179A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-08-31 | Gravity Gradiometer |
US12/643,492 Active US7938003B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2009-12-21 | Gravity gradiometer |
US12/646,110 Expired - Fee Related US7942054B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2009-12-23 | Gravity gradiometer |
US12/646,186 Active US7975544B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2009-12-23 | Gravity gradiometer |
US12/647,982 Active US7980130B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2009-12-28 | Gravity gradiometer |
US12/714,634 Active US8074515B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2010-03-01 | Gravity gradiometer |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (13) | US20080257038A1 (fr) |
EP (8) | EP1932021B1 (fr) |
JP (4) | JP2009510460A (fr) |
CN (9) | CN101322046B (fr) |
AP (4) | AP2161A (fr) |
AU (8) | AU2006299722B2 (fr) |
BR (4) | BRPI0609471B1 (fr) |
CA (8) | CA2598635A1 (fr) |
EA (4) | EA012274B1 (fr) |
EG (3) | EG25956A (fr) |
MX (4) | MX2007010303A (fr) |
NZ (4) | NZ560702A (fr) |
WO (8) | WO2007038822A1 (fr) |
ZA (8) | ZA200707478B (fr) |
Cited By (17)
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US20080116905A1 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-22 | Technological Resources Pty - Limited | Gravity Gradiometer |
US20080115578A1 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-22 | Technological Resources Pty-Limited | Gravity Gradiometer |
US20080115374A1 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-22 | Technological Resources Pty - Limited | Gravity Gradiometer |
US20080115377A1 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-22 | Technological Resources Pty -Limited | Gravity Gradiometer |
US20080122435A1 (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-05-29 | Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. | Gravity Gradiometer |
US20080121036A1 (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-05-29 | Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. | Gravity Gradiometer |
US20080121037A1 (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-05-29 | Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. | Gravity Gradiometer |
US20080163682A1 (en) * | 2005-10-06 | 2008-07-10 | Technological Resources Pty. Limited | Gravity Gradiometer |
US20080173090A1 (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-07-24 | Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. | Gravity Gradiometer |
US7559149B2 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2009-07-14 | Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. | Gravity gradiometer |
US7562461B2 (en) | 2006-11-20 | 2009-07-21 | Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. | Gravity gradiometer |
US7562460B2 (en) | 2006-11-23 | 2009-07-21 | Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. | Gravity gradiometer |
US7571547B2 (en) | 2006-11-23 | 2009-08-11 | Technological Resources Pty. Ltd. | Gravity gradiometer |
US7823449B2 (en) | 2006-11-23 | 2010-11-02 | Technological Resources Pty, Ltd. | Gravity gradiometer |
US20110138909A1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2011-06-16 | Frank Joachim Van Kann | gravity gradiometer |
US20110265563A1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2011-11-03 | Frank Joachim Van Kann | Detector for detecting a gravity gradient |
US20130055808A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2013-03-07 | Frank Joachim Van Kann | Gravity gradiometer with correction of external disturbance |
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