US20070295166A1 - Method for Melting Magnesium and Melting Apparatus - Google Patents

Method for Melting Magnesium and Melting Apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070295166A1
US20070295166A1 US11/794,609 US79460906A US2007295166A1 US 20070295166 A1 US20070295166 A1 US 20070295166A1 US 79460906 A US79460906 A US 79460906A US 2007295166 A1 US2007295166 A1 US 2007295166A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
magnesium
furnace
concentration
carbon monoxide
combustion
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Abandoned
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US11/794,609
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English (en)
Inventor
Hiroshi Sanui
Yuji Nomura
Toru Kato
Toru Nakamura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp
Tokai Rika Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp
Tokai Rika Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp, Tokai Rika Co Ltd filed Critical Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp
Assigned to KABUSHIKIKAISHA TOKAI RIKA DENKI SEISAKUSHO, TAIYO NIPPON SANSO CORPORATION reassignment KABUSHIKIKAISHA TOKAI RIKA DENKI SEISAKUSHO ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KATO, TORU, NAKAMURA, TORU, NOMURA, YUJI, SANUI, HIROSHI
Publication of US20070295166A1 publication Critical patent/US20070295166A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/003—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals by induction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
    • B22D21/007—Castings of light metals with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/02—Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere
    • B22D21/04—Casting aluminium or magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/006—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with use of an inert protective material including the use of an inert gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a melting apparatus for melting magnesium or a magnesium alloy and obtaining a magnesium melt or a magnesium alloy melt, in which combustion at the surface of the magnesium melt or the magnesium alloy melt is detected and rapidly extinguished.
  • magnesium means both magnesium and a magnesium alloy in the present invention
  • cover gas examples include a gas in which a fireproof agent such as sulfur hexafluoride, and sulfur dioxide is diluted with an inactive gas such as nitrogen.
  • a reaction between the fireproof agent in the cover gas with the melt magnesium produces a protective film at the melt surface.
  • the protective film blocks contact between the melt magnesium and oxygen in air, and thereby combustion of the magnesium melt is prevented.
  • the combustion of a magnesium melt has been detected by detecting white smoke of magnesium oxide which is generated by combustion, or a temperature increase of the magnesium melt.
  • combustion of a magnesium melt is also detected by detecting a temperature increase in a furnace as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. 2001-234253.
  • the problems to be solved by the present invention is to detect certainly and immediately combustion of a magnesium melt during magnesium melting, to extinguish immediately the magnesium combustion based on the detection results, and to set off an alarm.
  • the present invention provides a method for melting magnesium while supplying a cover gas containing carbon dioxide and a fireproof agent in a furnace for melting magnesium and obtaining a magnesium melt to cover the surface of the magnesium melt, wherein concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace or gas discharged from the furnace is measured and magnesium combustion in the furnace is detected based on the concentration of carbon monoxide.
  • the magnesium combustion can be prevented by increasing a flow rate of the cover gas or concentration of the fireproof agent contained in the cover gas when magnesium combustion is confirmed.
  • the fireproof agent be 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5,-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone.
  • the present invention provides a melting apparatus for magnesium comprising a furnace for melting magnesium and obtaining a magnesium melt; a cover gas supplying portion for supplying a cover gas containing carbon dioxide and a fireproof agent in the furnace; a carbon monoxide concentration meter for measuring concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace or gas discharged from the furnace; and a control portion for controlling a supply rate of the fireproof agent in the furnace based on the concentration of carbon monoxide measured by the carbon monoxide concentration meter.
  • the present invention provides another melting apparatus for magnesium comprising a furnace for melting magnesium and obtaining a magnesium melt; a cover gas supplying portion for supplying a cover gas containing carbon dioxide and a fireproof agent in the furnace; a carbon monoxide concentration meter for measuring concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace or gas discharged from the furnace; and a control portion for controlling a supply rate of the cover gas in the furnace based on the concentration of carbon monoxide measured by the carbon monoxide concentration meter.
  • control portion have signal generation function which emits a signal showing magnesium combustion when magnesium combustion is confirmed, and a display portion for showing magnesium combustion based on the signal.
  • the present inventors found that when carbon dioxide is added in a cover gas, and a magnesium melt bums, concentration of carbon monoxide in the cover gas immediately is increased. It is possible to detect and judge the combustion immediately and certainly by measuring the concentration of carbon monoxide. Therefore, if a magnesium melt bums by any chance, the combustion is promptly extinguished.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the melting apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the melting apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is diagram showing variation with time of concentration of carbon monoxide in Experimental Example.
  • furnace 2 furnace 2: crucible 3: heater 4: sensor 5: carbon monoxide concentration meter 6: control portion 9: flow regulating valve 11 and 14: on-off valve 7, 8, 10, and 15: pipe 13: display portion M: melting
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the melting apparatus according to the present invention.
  • a reference symbol 1 denotes a furnace.
  • the furnace 1 is made of heat-resistant bricks, etc., and a crucible 2 for melting magnesium made of graphite, etc. is positioned therein. Magnesium in the crucible 2 is heated and melt by a heater 3 and becomes a magnesium melt.
  • a sensor 4 for measuring the concentration of carbon monoxide contained in the furnace 1 is positioned in the upper portion of the crucible 2 in the furnace 1 . Signals from the sensor 4 are input to a carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 .
  • the signals for the concentration of carbon monoxide output from the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 are input to a control portion 6 .
  • the input signals are handled in a PID controller to output control signals.
  • the control portion 6 receives signals for carbon monoxide concentration from the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 , and sends an alarm signal to a display portion 13 such as a warning light and a warning buzzer.
  • a cover gas is supplied in the furnace 1 through a pipe 7 , and thereby at least the vicinity of the surface of the melt in the crucible 2 in the furnace 1 is covered with the cover gas.
  • the cover gas contains a fireproof agent and a diluent gas.
  • the fireproof agent include organic fluorine-containing compounds which are gaseous materials reacting with melted magnesium and forming a protective film at the surface of the melt such as sulfur hexafluoride, sulfur dioxide, FREON® 113a, or 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5,-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone.
  • 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5,-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone is preferable because it has a low global warming potential.
  • the diluent gas examples include a gas containing at least carbon dioxide such as carbon dioxide, a mixture containing carbon dioxide, and air.
  • the content of carbon dioxide in the diluent gas is preferably 0.1% or more, and more preferably 1% or more, in volume.
  • the fireproof agent is sent to a flow regulating valve 9 through a pipe 8 from a fireproof agent supplying source which is not shown in FIG. 1 , and the flow rate of the fireproof agent is controlled based on the control signals from the control portion 6 , and then the fireproof agent is sent to a pipe 7 at the controlled flow rate.
  • the diluent gas passes through a pipe 10 from a diluent gas source which is not shown in FIG. 1 to an on-off valve 11 , and this is further sent to the pipe 7 .
  • the diluent gas is mixed with the fireproof agent in the pipe 7 to be a cover gas, and then sent in the furnace 1 .
  • a cover gas supplying portion comprises the pipes 7 , 8 , and 10 , the flow regulating valve 9 , and the on-off valve 11 .
  • Magnesium in the crucible 2 is heated and melt to obtain a melt.
  • the cover gas containing at least carbon dioxide and the fireproof agent is constantly supplied in the furnace 1 by supplying the fireproof agent from the pipe 8 and the diluent gas from the pipe 10 .
  • the concentration of the fireproof agent in the cover gas varies depending on the kinds of the fireproof agent, the surface area of the melt magnesium, melting conditions, etc.
  • the concentration of the fireproof agent in the cover gas is commonly in a range from 100 to 400 ppm in volume (below, ppm means ppm in volume without special note).
  • ppm means ppm in volume without special note.
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace 1 is measured by the sensor 4 and the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 , and the signal for the concentration is sent to the control portion 6 .
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace 1 is almost maintained at low values, for example, less than 10 ppm.
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace 1 is suddenly increased, for example, to 15 to 20 ppm.
  • the increase of the concentration of carbon monoxide is caused by forcibly reacting oxygen constituting carbon dioxide in the cover gas with magnesium as oxygen needed to burn, as shown in the following chemical formula.
  • the control portion 6 judges that magnesium melt burns based on the rapid increase of the concentration of carbon monoxide, and sends a signal to the flow regulating valve 9 to increase the flow rate of the fireproof agent while sending an alarm signal to the display portion 13 .
  • an alarm light blinks or a speaker beeps.
  • the flow regulating valve 9 when the flow regulating valve 9 receives the signal, this increases the open level to increase the flow rate of the fireproof agent and thereby a large amount of the fireproof agent is sent to the pipe 7 . Due to this, the cover gas containing the fireproof agent with high concentration such as 500 to 20,000 ppm is sent in the furnace 1 to extinguish the combustion of magnesium.
  • the extinguishing of the combustion is confirmed by the decrease of the concentration of carbon monoxide by the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 . Specifically, when the concentration of carbon monoxide is 10 ppm or less, it is judged that the combustion is extinguished. When the control portion 6 judges that the combustion has been extinguished based on the decrease of the concentration of carbon monoxide, the control portion 6 stops sending the alarm signal to the display portion 13 .
  • control portion 6 sends a signal to the flow regulating valve 9 to decrease of the flow rate of the fireproof agent.
  • the flow regulating valve 9 decreases the open level to decrease the flow rate of the fireproof agent, and supplies the cover gas having a normal concentration via the pipe 7 in the furnace 1 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the melting apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the components shown in FIG. 2 which are the same as the components shown in FIG. 1 have the same reference numerals as shown in FIG. 1 . Thereby, explanations for those same components are omitted in this embodiment.
  • the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 comprises an output device.
  • the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 with an output device measures the concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace 1 , and when the measured concentration excesses the upper limit which is previously fixed, for example, 15 ppm, this sends an alarm signal the display portion 13 while outputting a signal showing that the concentration of carbon monoxide excesses the upper limit to the on-off valve 14 .
  • the concentration meter 5 with an output device instructs the display portion 13 to shut off the alarm while outputting a signal showing that the concentration of carbon monoxide is less than the upper limit to the on-off valve 14 .
  • the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 with an output device has the same functions as those of the control portion 6 as well.
  • the on-off valve 14 When the on-off valve 14 receives the signal showing that the concentration excesses the upper limit from the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 , the on-off valve 14 opens. In contrast, when the on-off valve 14 receives the signal showing that the concentration is less than the upper limit from the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 , the on-off valve 14 closes.
  • the on-off valve 14 allows or blocks the flow of the fireproof agent via the pipe 8 . At normal conditions, the on-off valve 14 blocks the flow of the fireproof agent.
  • the cover gas containing carbon dioxide and the fireproof agent is sent constantly from the pipe 15 in the furnace 1 .
  • the concentration of the fireproof agent in the cover gas is adjusted in a range from 100 to 400 ppm, and thereby the combustion of magnesium is prevented.
  • the cover gas supplying portion comprises the pipes 7 , 8 , 15 , and the on-off valve 14 .
  • the cover gas is constantly supplied from the pipe 15 in the furnace 1 , and the concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace 1 is continuously measured by the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 .
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace 1 excesses the upper limit, it is judged that the magnesium melt is burning, and a signal showing that the magnesium melt is burning is sent to the on-off valve 14 .
  • the on-off valve 14 receives the signal, the on-off valve 14 immediately opens, and allows the fireproof agent flow from the pipe 8 to the pipe 7 and allows the concentration of the fireproof agent to be in a range from 500 to 20,000 ppm. Simultaneously, the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 sends an alarm signal to the display portion 13 .
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace 1 is less than the upper limit, it is judged that the combustion of the magnesium has been extinguished, and the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 sends a signal showing that the combustion has been extinguished to the on-off valve 14 and the display portion 13 . After that, the on-off valve 14 closes and the display portion 13 stops warming notice.
  • the melting apparatus of this embodiment obtains the same effects as those of the melting apparatus in the previous embodiment.
  • the melting apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used.
  • the inner diameter of the furnace 1 was 300 mm, and the height was 670 mm.
  • the inside of the furnace 1 could be watched through the heat-resistant glass in the furnace cover.
  • the crucible 2 having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 300 mm was positioned in the furnace 1 .
  • a magnesium melt which was obtained by melting 4.7 kg of magnesium alloy (AD91D), was put in the crucible 2 .
  • the temperature of the magnesium melt was maintained at 680° C.
  • a diluted gas which was obtained by diluting 1,1,1,2,2,4,4,5,5,5,-nonafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pentanone which is a fireproof agent with carbon dioxide such that the concentration be 200 ppm, was used as a cover gas.
  • the cover gas was supplied to the furnace 1 from the pipe 7 at a rate of 7.5 litter/min.
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace 1 was measured by the sensor 4 and the carbon monoxide concentration meter 5 .
  • the open level of the flow regulating valve 9 was increased in order to decrease the supply rate of the fireproof agent, and the concentration of the fireproof agent in the cover gas was increased to 800 ppm. Thereby, the concentration of carbon monoxide was decreased, and after 90 seconds, the concentration returned to 7 ppm which was the normal concentration. It was confirmed that the combustion was extinguished by visual observation.
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide in the furnace 1 was measured.
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide is also measured by forming a discharge pipe for discharging gas in the furnace 1 , and measuring the concentration of carbon monoxide in the discharged gas.
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide may be measured continuously or intermittently, for example, each 10 to 20 seconds by the concentration meter 5 .
  • the present inventors found that when carbon dioxide is added in a cover gas, and a magnesium melt burns, concentration of carbon monoxide in the cover gas immediately increases. It is possible to detect and judge the combustion immediately and certainly by measuring the concentration of carbon monoxide. Therefore, if a magnesium melt burns by any chance, the combustion is promptly extinguished.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
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US11/794,609 2005-01-20 2006-01-19 Method for Melting Magnesium and Melting Apparatus Abandoned US20070295166A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005012580A JP4637594B2 (ja) 2005-01-20 2005-01-20 マグネシウムの溶解方法および溶解装置
JP2005-012580 2005-01-20
JP2006000753 2006-01-19

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US (1) US20070295166A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1857560A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP4637594B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR20070087215A (zh)
CN (1) CN100540696C (zh)
CA (1) CA2593565A1 (zh)
TW (1) TW200628617A (zh)
WO (1) WO2006077931A1 (zh)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080128106A1 (en) * 2006-11-21 2008-06-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai Rika Denki Seisakusho Combustion suppressing gas supply device for molten metal and combustion suppressing gas supply method for molten metal
DE102009014026A1 (de) * 2008-12-03 2010-06-10 Ernest Stangl Verfahren zur Erzeugung thermischer Energie
CN101914696A (zh) * 2010-06-24 2010-12-15 西北工业大学 一种镁合金熔炼及反重力浇注过程中的防燃防氧化方法及混气系统
US20110101126A1 (en) * 2008-04-21 2011-05-05 Martin Kronsteiner Centrifugal atomizer
US10625335B2 (en) 2016-10-27 2020-04-21 Sodick Co., Ltd. Melting device

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JP5428283B2 (ja) * 2008-10-20 2014-02-26 セントラル硝子株式会社 マグネシウム又はマグネシウム合金の溶湯防燃ガス組成物の供給方法および供給システム
CN101839630B (zh) * 2009-03-16 2013-10-16 北京华宇天控科技有限公司 焙烧炉的控制系统和方法
KR101035760B1 (ko) * 2009-04-02 2011-05-20 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 배가스 내의 일산화탄소 농도 측정센서가 부착된 코크스로 폐기변
KR101157762B1 (ko) 2010-10-08 2012-06-25 김창락 약환원성 분위기 유지장치
CN101984100B (zh) * 2010-11-26 2012-10-24 重庆大学 一种消除硅热法炼镁中生成的单质钾、钠危害的方法
KR101253906B1 (ko) * 2010-12-28 2013-04-23 주식회사 포스코 마그네슘 용해로 용탕 화재 자동 소화 및 용탕 누출 감시 장치
WO2014202157A1 (en) * 2013-06-19 2014-12-24 Abb Research Ltd Device and method for controlling non-iron melting process
CN111136248B (zh) * 2020-03-26 2021-05-04 重庆大学 一种镁熔体浇管保护气体智能控制方法及智能供应系统

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US3844354A (en) * 1973-07-11 1974-10-29 Dow Chemical Co Halogenated fire extinguishing agent for total flooding system
US6685764B2 (en) * 2000-05-04 2004-02-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Processing molten reactive metals and alloys using fluorocarbons as cover gas

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080128106A1 (en) * 2006-11-21 2008-06-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai Rika Denki Seisakusho Combustion suppressing gas supply device for molten metal and combustion suppressing gas supply method for molten metal
US20110101126A1 (en) * 2008-04-21 2011-05-05 Martin Kronsteiner Centrifugal atomizer
US8727232B2 (en) * 2008-04-21 2014-05-20 Martin Kronsteiner Centrifugal atomizer
DE102009014026A1 (de) * 2008-12-03 2010-06-10 Ernest Stangl Verfahren zur Erzeugung thermischer Energie
CN101914696A (zh) * 2010-06-24 2010-12-15 西北工业大学 一种镁合金熔炼及反重力浇注过程中的防燃防氧化方法及混气系统
US10625335B2 (en) 2016-10-27 2020-04-21 Sodick Co., Ltd. Melting device

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JP4637594B2 (ja) 2011-02-23
CN101107370A (zh) 2008-01-16
EP1857560A1 (en) 2007-11-21
CN100540696C (zh) 2009-09-16
KR20070087215A (ko) 2007-08-27
EP1857560A4 (en) 2009-09-16
CA2593565A1 (en) 2006-07-27
WO2006077931A1 (ja) 2006-07-27
JP2006200001A (ja) 2006-08-03
TW200628617A (en) 2006-08-16

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