US20070110965A1 - Tamper-proof, color-shift security feature - Google Patents

Tamper-proof, color-shift security feature Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070110965A1
US20070110965A1 US10/587,074 US58707405A US2007110965A1 US 20070110965 A1 US20070110965 A1 US 20070110965A1 US 58707405 A US58707405 A US 58707405A US 2007110965 A1 US2007110965 A1 US 2007110965A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
security feature
forgery
proof
proof security
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US10/587,074
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English (en)
Inventor
Martin Bergsmann
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Hueck Folien GmbH
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INDENTIF GESMBH
Hueck Folien GmbH
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Application filed by INDENTIF GESMBH, Hueck Folien GmbH filed Critical INDENTIF GESMBH
Assigned to INDENTIF GES.M.B.H., HUECK FOLIEN GES.M.B.H. reassignment INDENTIF GES.M.B.H. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KASTNER, FRIEDRICH, WALTER, HARALD, BAUER, GEORG, BERGSMANN, MARTIN, KEPLINGER, JURGEN
Publication of US20070110965A1 publication Critical patent/US20070110965A1/en
Priority to US13/195,985 priority Critical patent/US8678442B2/en
Assigned to HUECK FOLIEN GES.M.B.H. reassignment HUECK FOLIEN GES.M.B.H. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IDENTIF GES.M.B.H.
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • B42D25/465—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives
    • B42D25/47—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/43—Marking by removal of material
    • B42D25/435—Marking by removal of material using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
    • B42D2033/10—
    • B42D2035/24—
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to forgery-proof security features, which exhibit a color shift effect caused by metal clusters which are separated by a defined transparent layer from a mirror layer.
  • WO 02/18155 discloses a method for the forgery-proof marking of objects, wherein the object is provided with a marking comprised of an electromagnetic wave-reflecting first layer, onto which a layer permeable to electromagnetic waves with a defined thickness is applied, whereupon onto this layer a third layer formed of metal clusters follows.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a security feature with a color shift effect, wherein the security feature is to have additional security stages.
  • Subject matter of the invention is therefore a forgery-proof security feature comprising in each instance at least one layer reflecting electromagnetic waves, a polymeric spacer layer and a layer formed of metal clusters, characterized in that one or several of the layers, in addition to their function in the color shift effect setup, satisfy further security functions.
  • Carrier substrates to be considered are preferably flexible sheets of synthetic materials, for example of PI, PP, MOPP, PE, PPS, PEEK, PEK, PEI, PSU, PAEK, LCP, PEN, PBT, PET, PA, PC, COC, POM, ABS or PVC.
  • the substrate sheets preferably have a thickness of 5-700 ⁇ m, preferably 8-200 ⁇ m, especially preferred a thickness of 12-50 ⁇ m.
  • the sheets can be clear or matt-finished (in particular matt-imprinted). The scattering on matt sheets causes a marked change, in particular of the intensity in the color spectrum, such that a color code different than in clear sheets is generated.
  • metal sheets for example Al, Cu, Sn, Ni, Fe or special steel sheets having a thickness of 5-200 ⁇ m, preferably 10-80 ⁇ m, especially preferred 20-50 ⁇ m, can also serve as the carrier substrate.
  • the sheets can also be surface-treated, coated or laminated, for example with synthetic materials, or they can be lacquered.
  • carrier substrates can also be utilized cellulose-free or cellulose-containing paper, thermally activatable paper or composites with paper, for example composites with synthetic materials with a grammage of 20-500 g/m 2 , preferably 40-200 g/m 2 .
  • the carrier substrate can also be provided with a release-capable transfer lacquer layer.
  • This layer can preferably be comprised of metals, such as for example aluminum, gold, chromium, silver, copper, tin, platinum, nickel or tantalum, of semiconductors, such as for example silicon, and their alloys, for example nickel/chromium, copper/aluminum and the like or a printing ink with metal pigments.
  • metals such as for example aluminum, gold, chromium, silver, copper, tin, platinum, nickel or tantalum
  • semiconductors such as for example silicon
  • alloys for example nickel/chromium, copper/aluminum and the like or a printing ink with metal pigments.
  • the electromagnetic wave-reflecting layer can be applied over the entire surface or only partially using known methods, such as spraying, vapor deposition, sputtering, for example as printing ink, with known printing methods (gravure, flexographic, screen or digital printing), lacquer coating, roller spreading methods, slot eye, roll dip coating or curtain coating and the like.
  • known methods such as spraying, vapor deposition, sputtering, for example as printing ink, with known printing methods (gravure, flexographic, screen or digital printing), lacquer coating, roller spreading methods, slot eye, roll dip coating or curtain coating and the like.
  • a method utilizing a soluble color application for the production of the partial metallization in a first step a color application soluble in a solvent is applied onto the carrier substrate, in a second step this layer is optionally treated by means of an inline plasma, corona or flame process, and, in a third step, a layer of the metal or metal alloy to be structured is applied, whereupon in a fourth step the color application is removed by means of a solvent, optionally combined with mechanical action.
  • the soluble color application can be all-over or partial, the application of the metal or of the metal alloy takes place over the entire surface or partially.
  • the partial electromagnetic wave-reflecting layer can also be produced employing a conventional known etching method.
  • the thickness of the electromagnetic wave-reflecting layer is preferably approximately 10-50 nm, however, greater or lesser layer thicknesses are also possible. If metal sheets are utilized as the carrier substrate, the carrier substrate itself can already form the electromagnetic wave-reflecting layer.
  • the reflection of this layer for electromagnetic waves is preferably 10-100%.
  • the polymeric spacer layer or the polymeric spacer layers succeeding thereon can also be applied over the entire surface or preferably partially.
  • the polymeric layers are for example comprised of conventional or radiation-curing, in particular UV-curing, color substance and lacquer systems based on nitrocellulose, epoxy, polyester, colophonium, acrylate, alkyd, melamine, PVA, PVC, isocyanate, urethane or PS copolymer systems.
  • This polymeric layer serves essentially as a transparent spacer layer, however, depending on the composition, may in a certain spectral range be absorbing and/or fluorescing or phosphorescing. This property can optionally also be enhanced by adding a suitable chromophore. A suitable spectral range can be selected through the selection of different chromophores. Thereby, in addition to the shift effect, the polymeric layer can additionally also be made machine-readable. For example, in the blue spectral range (in the proximity of approximately 400 nm) a yellow AZO coloring agent can also be utilized, for example anilides, rodural or eosin. The coloring agent moreover changes the spectrum of the marking in a characteristic manner.
  • a marking can even be generated with color change on illumination.
  • the layer structuring has optimally at the aimed for observation angle a spectrum with high absorption in the wavelength range of the emission of the fluorophore.
  • Such a marking could further be readily combined with the UV test lamps at the cash registers, which are already currently in use.
  • a further feasibility for generating a reversible color change comprises utilizing a switchable chromophore, such as for example bacteriorhodopsin.
  • a switchable chromophore such as for example bacteriorhodopsin.
  • suitable wavelength bacteriorhodopsin between 450 mm and 650 mm
  • chromophores change their absorption behavior.
  • bacteriorhodopsin a structure change occurs which, after the illumination is switched off again, changes back to the starting state and switches the color of the chromophore between lilac and yellow.
  • the integration of such chromophores into the layer system for example the spacer layer, changes the absorption spectrum, with the switching behavior also occurring.
  • this polymeric layer may show effects of decrosslinking, which leads to a characteristic macroscopic lateral structuring.
  • This structuring can be induced or specifically changed, for example through modification of the surface energy of the layers, for example through plasma treatment (in particular plasma functionalization), corona treatment, electron beam or ion beam treatment or through laser modification.
  • plasma treatment in particular plasma functionalization
  • corona treatment for example, corona treatment, electron beam or ion beam treatment or through laser modification.
  • the polymeric spacer layer has preferably regions of different thickness. Through defined variation of the thickness (gradient, defined steps, defined structures) of the polymeric spacer layer a combination of different color shift effects is generated in a finished security feature (multicolor shift effect).
  • the thickness of the layer can therein be selectively varied within a wide range, for example in a range from 10 nm to 3 ⁇ m.
  • the layer system no longer yields a color detectable by the human eye, but rather, depending on the mirror material, a somewhat darker metallic impression in comparison to the pure mirror. The reason is that the spectrum with increasing layer thickness becomes increasingly more complex (multipeak) and can no longer be resolved. However, for reading devices the spectrum continues to be well measurable and even highly characteristic, with the spacer layer thickness maximally to be measured depending on the resolution capability of the particular device. This represents a feasibility for generating an inconspicuous but machine-readable marking.
  • a certain defined layer thickness course can be set either in one application step or by applying several layers, which, again can be all-over or partial depending on the desired layer thickness course.
  • the layer thickness course can also be implemented in the form of a step structuring, wherein onto a base layer different thicknesses of a further polymeric layer are partially applied.
  • At least one layer of the polymeric spacer layer can be comprised of a piezoelectric polymer, wherein here electrical properties can be demonstrated either through direct contacting or through an electric field.
  • electrical properties can be demonstrated either through direct contacting or through an electric field.
  • a characteristic interaction with electrical or electromagnetic fields can be demonstrated through simple optical evidence (for example with the naked eye, optical photometer and/or spectrometer).
  • At least one layer of the polymeric spacer layer may comprise optically active structures, for example diffraction gratings, diffraction structures, holograms and the like, which can be molded into the polymeric spacer layer, preferably before the complete curing.
  • optically active structures for example diffraction gratings, diffraction structures, holograms and the like, which can be molded into the polymeric spacer layer, preferably before the complete curing.
  • the polymeric spacer layer is preferably applied by means of a printing method, for example by gravure printing.
  • the fine structure in the spacer layer transferred from the impression cylinder or the printing plate forms in this case an additional forgery-proof feature.
  • this fine structure forms a forensic and/or visible security feature which permits the unique assignment to the production process (finger print).
  • polymeric spacer layer can for example be produced with a single cylinder. Due to the different thicknesses different codes result. A further thickness region of the polymeric spacer layer is subsequently produced with a different cylinder, wherein optionally some codes may overlap. In the overlap region the same code can be produced with two different cylinders, whereby a further forensic and/or visible security feature is obtained and permits the unique assignment to the production process (finger print).
  • the additional finger print is utilized either as a forensic feature (third level feature) or as an additional code substructure.
  • Polymeric spacer layers are preferably also utilized which exhibit choleristic behavior. Apart from liquid crystal polymers, in which this behavior can be generated, polymers with two intrinsic chiral phases, such as for example nitrocellulose also exhibit this. Through the specific excitation of the rare second phase of chirality, for example through mechanical or electromagnetic energy application (thermal, radiative) or by means of catalysts, through wavelength-selective polarization an additional characteristic security feature is generated. The cholesteric behavior can therein lead to a characteristic change of the color spectrum, which can be detected by a reading device.
  • the metal clusters may be comprised for example of aluminum, gold, palladium, platinum, chromium, silver, copper, nickel, tantalum, tin and the like or their alloys, such as for example Au/Pd, Cu/Ni or Cr/Ni.
  • cluster materials can also be applied, for example semiconducting elements of the principal groups IfI to VI or the auxiliary group II of the periodic system of the elements, whose plasmon excitation can be triggered (for example through X-ray or ion radiation or electromagnetic interactions).
  • a change in the color spectrum for example an intensity change
  • a blinking of the color shift effect becomes thereby visible.
  • the cluster layer can also have additional properties, for example electrically conductive, magnetic or fluorescing properties.
  • additional properties for example electrically conductive, magnetic or fluorescing properties.
  • a cluster layer of Ni, Cr/Ni, Fe or core shell structures with these materials or mixtures of these materials with the above listed cluster materials have such additional features.
  • core shell structures inter alia fluorescing clusters can also be produced, for example by utilizing Quantum Dots® by Quantum Dot Corp.
  • the cluster layer is applied all-over or partially, either precisely or partially congruent or offset with respect to the all-over or partial electromagnetic wave-reflecting layer.
  • the adhesion of the metal cluster layer to the polymeric spacer layer can preferably be adjusted with definition through the management of the application process of the cluster layer, such that at different adhesive strength evidence of manipulation through the destruction of the color effect is generated.
  • the lacquer of the spacer layer can also be set such that it has good adhesion to the metal (cluster, mirror) not, however, to the base sheet. If this lacquer is printed over a partial Cu layer, the mirror layer is separated corresponding to the structuring of the cluster layer when detaching the element. Previously absolutely invisible evidence of manipulation is thereby formed.
  • This cluster layer can be applied by sputtering (for example ion beam or magnetron) or vapor deposition (electron beam) or out of a solution, for example through adsorption.
  • the growth of the clusters, and therewith their form as well as the optical properties can advantageously be affected by setting the surface energy or the roughness of the subjacent layer. This changes in characteristic manner the spectra. This can take place, for example, through thermal treatment in the coating process or by preheating the substrate. Further, these parameters can be selectively changed for example by treating the surface with oxidizing fluids, for example with Na hypochlorite or in a PVD or CVD process.
  • the cluster layer can preferably be applied by means of sputtering.
  • the properties of the layer, in particular the density and the structure, can therein be set especially through the power density, the quantity and composition of the gas utilized, the temperature of the substrate and the web transport rate.
  • an inert polymer for example PVA, polymethylmethacrylate, nitrocellulose, polyester or urethane systems
  • the mixture can subsequently be applied onto the polymeric layer by means of a printing method, for example screen printing, flexographic or preferably gravure printing, by means of a coating method, for example lacquer application, spraying, roll coating techniques and the like.
  • the mass thickness of the cluster layer is preferably 2-20 nm, especially preferred 3-10 nm.
  • a so-called double-clustersystem can be applied, wherein on both sides of the spacer layer one cluster layer each is provided.
  • Beneath the first cluster layer a preferably black layer is applied.
  • This black background can either be applied by means of a method using vacuum technology, for example as nonstoichiometric aluminum oxide or also as printing ink by means of a suitable printing method, and the printing ink can comprise additional functional features, for example magnetic, electrically conductive feature and the like.
  • the black or dark background can further also serve a correspondingly dyed sheet.
  • a simple optical demonstration can be carried out on site (simple testing means).
  • a double cluster feature can be inserted as a viewing window into a bank note or credit card or the like.
  • the optical demonstration of the presence of the double cluster feature takes place by placing onto it a black sheet, for example of polycarbonate.
  • the clusters on both sides of the spacer layer can be applied in different thicknesses, can each be structured or be applied all-over and/or in a system of different materials. If, for example, a polymeric spacer layer is utilized with a defined layer thickness course or a step structuring the metal clusters are deposited preferably and directly at the steps or at specific sites of the layer thickness course. This operation can be enhanced or diminished through suitable process management. For example, on microstructured surfaces different optical effects are generated than on smooth sheets. Thereby new (sub) codes result.
  • the layer system produced thus can subsequently be structured by means of electromagnetic radiation (for example light).
  • electromagnetic radiation for example light
  • writing, letters, symbols, characters and signs, pictures, logos, codes, serial numbers and the like can be worked in for example by means of laser irradiation or laser gravure.
  • the layer system is partially destroyed or the thickness of the polymeric spacer layer is therein changed.
  • the polymeric spacer layer usually swells in these regions, which generates a change of the color (peak shift to higher wavelengths).
  • the partial destruction brings about that the illuminated site either reflects metallically (separation of the electromagnetic wave-reflecting layer from the spacer layer) or that the material located behind the mirror becomes visible.
  • the illumination power can, however, be selected such that exclusively the color effect is changed, wherein partial regions are generated with defined different colors (multicolor shift effect).
  • Essential for the change is the energy actually absorbed by the layer system.
  • a cluster layer onto this cluster layer subsequently, as described, a spacer layer and a further cluster layer is applied, wherein onto this cluster layer subsequently optionally a black layer, as already described, can be applied. Consequently, a so-called inverse layer system is obtained. ( FIG. 4 )
  • An inverse setup with a single cluster layer (application of the cluster layer onto the carrier substrate, subsequent application of the polymeric spacer layer and the electromagnetic wave-reflecting layer) can also be produced analogously, wherein the properties of the discrete layers correspond to the preceding description.
  • the carrier substrate can also already have one or several functional and/or decorative layers.
  • the functional layers can, for example, have certain electrical, magnetic, special chemical, physical and also optical properties.
  • To set electrical properties for example conductivity, can be added for example graphite, carbon black, conductive organic or inorganic polymers, metal pigments (for example copper, aluminum, silver, gold, iron, chromium, lead and the like), metal alloys such as copper-zinc or copper-aluminum or their sulfides or oxides, or also amorphous or crystalline ceramic pigments such as ITO and the like.
  • metal pigments for example copper, aluminum, silver, gold, iron, chromium, lead and the like
  • metal alloys such as copper-zinc or copper-aluminum or their sulfides or oxides, or also amorphous or crystalline ceramic pigments such as ITO and the like.
  • doped or non-doped semiconductors such as for example silicon, germanium or ion conductors such as amorphous or crystalline metal oxides or metal sulfides can also be utilized as additives.
  • for setting the electrical properties of the layer can be utilized or added polar or partially polar
  • ferromagnetic substances such as iron, nickel and cobalt or their compounds or salts (for example oxides or sulfides) can be utilized.
  • the optical properties of the layer can be affected by visible color substances or pigments, luminescent color substances or pigments, which fluoresce or phosphoresce in the visible, the UV or in the IR range, effect pigments, such as liquid crystals, pearlescent pigments, bronzes and/or heat-sensitive colors or pigments. These can be employed in all conceivable combinations. In addition, phosphorescent pigments alone or in combination with other color substances and/or pigments can be utilized.
  • insulator layers can be applied.
  • Suitable insulators are for example organic substances and their derivatives and compounds, for example color substance and lacquer systems, for example epoxy, polyester, colophonium, acrylate, alkyd, melamine, PVA, PVC, isocyanate, urethane systems, which can be radiation-curing, for example by thermal or UV radiation.
  • DNA in NC lacquer can, for example, be adsorbed or bound to the clusters.
  • Isotopes can also be added to the clusters or in the mirror material or be present in the spacer layer (for example Elemental Tag by KeyMaster Technologies, Inc.).
  • the spacer layer can be utilized for example a deuterated polymer (for example PS-d) or as the mirror a mirror material having low radioactivity.
  • the thickness of the functional layer is 0.001 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • coated sheet produced thus can optionally also be additionally protected by a protective lacquer layer or be further finished by lamination or the like.
  • the product can optionally be provided with a sealable adhesive, for example a hot or cold seal adhesive, or a self-adhesion coating, applied onto the corresponding carrier material, or be embedded for example during the paper production for security papers through conventional methods.
  • a sealable adhesive for example a hot or cold seal adhesive, or a self-adhesion coating
  • FIG. 1 to 6 examples of the security features according to the invention are depicted. Therein indicate
  • FIG. 1 a schematic cross sectional view of a first permanently visible marking on a sheet with double cluster setup
  • FIG. 2 a schematic cross sectional view of a first permanently visible marking on a sheet with double cluster setup and the optic path of the optical detection means, for example spectrometer, color measuring device or the like,
  • FIG. 3 a direct double cluster setup with black background
  • FIG. 4 an indirect double cluster setup with black background
  • FIG. 5 a setup with partial reflection layer
  • FIG. 6 a setup with a structured spacer layer of different thickness.
  • coated carrier materials produced according to the invention can be utilized as security features in bank notes, data media, security documents, labels, markers, seals, in packagings, textiles and the like.
  • a Cr cluster layer of thickness 3 nm is applied in a sputter process.
  • a urethane lacquer is imprinted in a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m as a polymeric spacer layer.
  • a sheet dyed black is laminated onto this cluster layer. A color shift effect from violet to gold is observed.
  • portions of the layers are structured such that only with the register-precise superposition of a structured double cluster setup and a structured black background sheet, the shift color with an underlayed moire pattern becomes visible.
  • the polymer layer in the double cluster setup is structured in the manner of a chessboard, with the edge length of the chessboard fields molded to be smaller than 0.1 mm.
  • the blackening of the background sheet is structured with analogous chessboard fields.
  • clusters are applied, which had been produced through chemical synthesis in solution and which are present as dispersion in solution.
  • cluster-containing solutions are imprinted in very thin layers, or adsorbed out of the solution. If clusters are utilized, which additionally have further properties, additional security can be generated.
  • silver nanopowder by Argonide As powder-form cluster materials for imprinting, silver nanopowder by Argonide can be utilized.
  • magnetic cluster materials can be utilized magnetic pigments by Sustech. Best suited are ferrofluids or pigments in power form of the type: FMA (super paramagnetic ferrite) with hydrophilic coating. FMA mean primary particle size: 10 nm diameter.
  • FMA super paramagnetic ferrite
  • SSPH Sequential Solution Phase Hydrolysis
  • Au on SnO 2 or Au on SiO 2 particles with an inner diameter of 20 nm and an outer diameter of 40 nm can be utilized.
  • fluorescing particles the particles by Quantum Dot Corporation can be utilized: as core material CdS and as shell material ZnS. Core diameter: 5 nm; shell diameter: 2.5 nm.
  • an impression cylinder with different cell or well volumes in different regions over its width is produced.
  • this cylinder is imprinted onto a sheet covered with a uniform cluster layer the spacer layer. Due to the described implementation of the cylinder sharply delimited regions with defined different thicknesses of the spacer layer over the web width are obtained. Subsequently a uniform mirror layer of aluminum is vapor deposited.
  • the bands with different color codes are subsequently separated in a slitting process.
  • security elements with several different codes are produced.
  • a security strip is cut from the web such that a sharp code transition comes to lie precisely in the center of the strip.
  • the strip thus produced contains as additional security stage two machine-readable codes, which singly or jointly are detected with the reading device.
  • All of the described layer systems can be specifically and selectively structured by means of suitable lasers.
  • a 1064 nm Powerline laser by Rofin Sinar an inverse layer structure was partially destroyed at the lasered sites.
  • the power was adjusted such that the laser causes the detachment of the polymeric spacer layer from the aluminum mirror layer, whereby the lasered sites no longer appear colored but rather show the metallic gloss of the mirror layer.
  • the lasering is carried out selectively and punctiform.
  • the depicted image is consequently composed of a dot matrix of metallically reflecting regions in the colored area. In this way, very rapidly ( ⁇ 1 sec) individualized, forgery-proof markings, for example for identification passes, can be produced.
  • marker substances can be utilized, which are only accessible to forensic proof.
  • a marking of 1 per thousand solid DNA can be added to the lacquer volume.
  • the DNA adsorbs firmly on the nitrocellulose and is thus stably anchored in the lacquer matrix.
  • the DNA can be extracted in the laboratory and be demonstrated with methods utilizing molecular biology.
  • suitable DNA sequences these can also be demonstrated on site, for example through a suitable hybridization assay.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
US10/587,074 2004-02-16 2005-02-11 Tamper-proof, color-shift security feature Abandoned US20070110965A1 (en)

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AT0023604A AT504587A1 (de) 2004-02-16 2004-02-16 Fälschungssicheres sicherheitsmerkmal mit farbkippeffekt
ATA236/2004 2004-02-16
PCT/EP2005/001385 WO2005077668A1 (de) 2004-02-16 2005-02-11 Fälschungssicheres sicherheitsmerkmal mit farbkippeffekt

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CA (1) CA2555821C (de)
DE (1) DE502005004629D1 (de)
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JP6402838B2 (ja) * 2016-03-25 2018-10-10 大日本印刷株式会社 電磁波応答性積層体
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US8147967B2 (en) * 2008-05-09 2012-04-03 Giusto Manetti Battiloro S.P.A. Decorative panel and method of production thereof
RU2502604C2 (ru) * 2008-05-09 2013-12-27 Джюсто Манетти Баттилоро С.П.А. Декоративная панель и способ ее изготовления
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CA2555821C (en) 2012-11-27
US20110291401A1 (en) 2011-12-01
AT504587A1 (de) 2008-06-15
RU2006133334A (ru) 2008-04-10
WO2005077668A1 (de) 2005-08-25
EP1716007B1 (de) 2008-07-09
DE502005004629D1 (de) 2008-08-21
UA91012C2 (ru) 2010-06-25
CA2555821A1 (en) 2005-08-25
EP1716007A1 (de) 2006-11-02
ATE400449T1 (de) 2008-07-15
ES2308450T3 (es) 2008-12-01
US8678442B2 (en) 2014-03-25
RU2377134C2 (ru) 2009-12-27

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