US20070084457A1 - Heating element for cooking appliances - Google Patents

Heating element for cooking appliances Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070084457A1
US20070084457A1 US10/572,176 US57217604A US2007084457A1 US 20070084457 A1 US20070084457 A1 US 20070084457A1 US 57217604 A US57217604 A US 57217604A US 2007084457 A1 US2007084457 A1 US 2007084457A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
heating
layer
heating element
resistors
electrical
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US10/572,176
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Wiedemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rational AG
Frima SA
Original Assignee
Rational AG
Frima SA
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Assigned to FRIMA SA, RATIONAL AG reassignment FRIMA SA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RENAUD, FREDERIC, GLUCK, PASCAL, KASTRA, SIMON, SCHREINER, THOMAS, WIEDEMANN, PETER
Publication of US20070084457A1 publication Critical patent/US20070084457A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/22—Contacts for co-operating by abutting
    • H01R13/24—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted
    • H01R13/2464—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted characterized by the contact point
    • H01R13/2471—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted characterized by the contact point pin shaped
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H05B3/08—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders having electric connections specially adapted for high temperatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a heating element for a cooking appliance, especially for direct and/or indirect heating of at least one cooking product, comprising at least one supporting layer and at least one heating element layer which contact the supporting layer at least in sections in a direct or indirect manner. Furthermore, the invention concerns a cooking appliance comprising at least one heating element according to the invention, as well the invention.
  • Heating elements for cooking appliances have been known to the person skilled in the art for a long time. These are generally electrical heating systems or cooking fields for cooking appliances with a non-metallic, for example ceramic, or metallic supporting plate and heating resistors applied onto it directly or indirectly.
  • DE 40 28 354 A1 discloses a heating element comprising a supporting plate made of ceramic material with several conducting resistor paths applied on this supporting plate which in turn can be supplied with current through control elements that are arranged on the back side.
  • Bimetallic switches are proposed as control elements which, when a conducting contact is deviated sufficiently due to the heat, will create or interrupt the resistance or conducting paths.
  • the connection of the bimetallic strips to the electric lines is conventionally done by soldering or screw-in contacts, so that failure of the heating element may occur due to material stresses in the region of the contact caused by heat load and/or temperature fluctuations.
  • DE 100 06 953 A1 concerns electric hotplates containing at least one heating element and a temperature sensor which is connected to a heat conducting element, which can be designed as an elastic element, and is pressed against the bottom side of the electric hotplate in the region of the temperature sensor.
  • a heat conducting element which can be designed as an elastic element
  • the contact to an electrical heating is produced through a heating conductor connecting part in the form of a plug contact attached to the outer peripheral wall of the electric hotplate.
  • the heat conductor connecting part is thereby connected, on the one hand, in a conductive manner with heat conductor bands, and, on the other hand, with electrical supply lines of the electric hotplate and thus themselves are exposed to extreme heat radiation. Therefore, here too, erroneous functioning of the electric hotplates may occur when the electric contact fails due to heat exposure and due to the material stresses related to that.
  • DE 694 05 958 T2 discloses a steam generator with an electrically heated plate, comprising a first fixed plate which is equipped with an electrical heating resistor and a second mobile plate, which is pressed against a first main surface of the first plate by elastic devices.
  • the electrical heating resistor is guided through the inside of the fixed first hotplate. Since the heating resistor is incorporated into the hotplate, it is no longer possible to control the electric hotplate through this heating resistor locally. Also, failure of a heating resistor leads to a total failure of the steam generator.
  • DE 36 20 203 A1 describes an electric heating element consisting of a heating part and a connecting part, which consist at least partly of different electrically conducting materials, as a result of which the flexibility is increased and the mounting is supposed to be facilitated.
  • the heating part can be connected to the connecting part via separable clamping or plug connections in order to make such temporary connection possible without the use of an elastic element.
  • failure of the heating element may occur due to a defect in the electrical energy supply.
  • a contact heat transferring cooking system with an electric cooking plate with a cooking plate body is known.
  • the cooking plate body is heated through a heating resistance applied on its bottom side in the form of spiral or radial conducting bands.
  • multicircuit cooking plates are obtained consisting of several heating zones.
  • the conducting bands in the individual heating zones are controlled separately from one another. This increases the expenditure for the circuits and makes the use of several sensors necessary in the various regions of the electric hotplate to control a uniform heating output. This makes the electric hotplate require very high maintenance.
  • Modern electric hotplates or heating areas are characterized by the fact that a number of locally-limited heating elements can be controlled in a designed manner.
  • individual heating elements may have one or several heating resistors.
  • each individual heating resistor is connected through a separate electrical line to a control and regulating unit.
  • the connection of the heating resistors to the electrical lines usually occurs through soldered contacts. In any case, the production of these is labor-intensive and time-consuming and also very expensive with regard to materials and thus overall it is a cost-driving factor.
  • the task of the present invention was to develop the generic heating elements for a cooking appliance in such a way that it does not have the disadvantages of the state of the art and especially it provides electric hotplates with a high density of heating resistances which are very maintenance- and operator-friendly.
  • a heating element should be provided which makes it possible to have a very maintenance-friendly control and uniform and failure-safe introduction of heat into a carrier layer, especially into a pan of a cooking appliance.
  • a cooking appliance as well as a method for production of a heating element layer of a heating element are to be provided which overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art.
  • a heating element was discovered for a cooking appliance, especially for direct or indirect electrical heating of at least one cooking product, having at least one supporting layer, at least one heating element layer which lies directly or indirectly against the supporting layer at least in sections, and with at least one electrical contact or conducting element and with at least one elastic arresting element which is or can be connected to the electrical contact or conducting element, whereby the electrical contact or conducting element can be brought into contact through the elastic force of the elastic arresting element at least intermittently, with at least one heating resistor and/or with at least one contact location of the heating element layer.
  • the heating element With the heating element according to the invention it is possible to connect hotplates, heating layers or heating resistors without any soldered contact to an electric conductor band reliably and permanently and thus almost free from maintenance.
  • the conducting element be pressed through the elastic force of the arresting element, for example a spring, to the heating resistor or be clamped between the arresting element and the heating resistor.
  • the conductor element in an expedient embodiment of the invention, can be designed to be rigid and in addition connected in a fixed manner to the elastic arresting element.
  • the elastic force of the arresting element is chosen appropriately in such a way that the conductor element is surely pressed on the heating resistor, but its shape is not thereby altered permanently.
  • this heating element be a hotplate, especially an essentially flat heating plate or by heating that is completely or in regions essentially tubular, especially in a cylindrical form.
  • the heating elements according to the invention are especially suitable for use in rotary evaporators, as they are described, for example, in WO 02/12790 as steam generators for cooking devices.
  • the heating plates can be fundamentally flat, bent, wavy or have any other desirable form.
  • At least one separating layer is present between the supporting layer and the heating element layer, preferably comprising at least one graphite layer for making the heat input into the supporting layer at least partially uniform at least in regions, and/or having at least one mechanical buffer layer, preferably including a mica layer and/or at least one first thermal insulating layer present at least in sections on the side of the heat element layer which is away from the supporting layer and/or between the heating element layer and the elastic arresting element.
  • the supporting layer can be designed as a carrier plate.
  • the supporting layer, the heating element layer, the separating layer, the mechanical buffer layer, the first thermal insulating layer and/or the elastic arresting element can be adjusted to the selected form of the heating element or may assume it completely.
  • the supporting layer consist completely or partially of stainless steel and/or the mechanical buffer layer consist completely or partially of mica.
  • the heating element according to the invention comprises at least one pressing means, preferably comprising a pressing plate, with which the elastic arresting element preferably comprising an elastic element plate, the mechanical buffer layer, the first thermal insulating layer, the heating element layer and/or the separating layer, can be pressed or is/are pressed against the supporting layer in order to make the pressing strength onto the supporting layer and/or the heat input into the supporting layer more uniform, at least in regions.
  • the heating element present in this embodiment has essentially a pressed sandwich structure.
  • both the arresting element as well as the heating element layer and/or the separating element layer or the graphite layer is protected against mechanical overstressing or damage even during strong thermal exposure.
  • This pressed-together structure is also space-saving for storage and transportation and can be incorporated into cooking appliances in a simple and reliable manner.
  • the mechanical buffer layer, the first thermal insulating layer and/or the pressing means have at least one outlet for the contact or conducting element in the region of at least one second section of the elastic arresting element. Since the mechanical buffer layer, the first thermal insulating layer, and the pressing means, between which the elastic arresting element is present, forced in, at least in sections, have outlets, a second section of the arresting element has freedom of movement in the direction of the supporting layer and is removed from this.
  • the arresting element is a metal plate, this is usually stress-free in the planar, flat state.
  • a restoring force is built up. The resulting restoring force can be used in the present case for pressing the conducting element connected to the deflected section of the arresting element or a contact element against the heating element layer.
  • the elastic arresting element have at least one first section, lying, on the one hand, between the heating element layer, the first thermal insulating layer and/or the mechanical buffer layer, and, on the other hand, the pressing means, and a second free section which is connecting the first section, the second free section being able to be connected directly or indirectly to the contact or conducting element, especially through a third section, whereby the second free section preferably lies in the second region of the outlet.
  • the arresting element has at least one first section, which is clamped between the pressing means and the supporting layer, preferably the mica layer, and a second section, which can essentially be freely swiveled.
  • the conducting element can be connected directly to this second section or it can be connected by inserting another, third section with the arresting element.
  • the arresting element ends with its free end, that is, the first or third section in the region of the conducting element.
  • At least one fourth section can be provided which is attached to the second and/or third section of the elastic arresting element and/or to the contact or conducting element, whereby the fourth section is preferably connected or can be connected to the mechanical buffer layer, the first thermal insulating layer and/or to the pressing means.
  • the fourth section can be used to support the arresting element at the edge of the outlet, and which lies opposite the first section of this. In this way the room for movement of the arresting element is limited, but not to such an extent that it could prevent bonding with the aid of elastic force. Rather, with the aid of the fourth section, a very safe positioning of the arresting element can be achieved.
  • the contact element or conducting element can be connected through an insulator, preferably in the form of an insulating sleeve, to the elastic arresting element, especially to the second, third and fourth sections thereof.
  • this can be an insulating sleeve which is inserted on the one hand into the second or third section of the arresting element and on the other hand can hold the contact element so that it can be shifted.
  • heating element Especially advantageous heating elements are characterized by the fact that the heating element according to the invention, looking from the supporting layer in the direction of the elastic arresting element, as supporting layer or as heating element layer at least in sections at least one stainless steel layer and/or at least in sections at least one ceramic layer as well as furthermore at least in sections at least one layer with electrical heating resistors and/or at least in sections at least one glass layer.
  • the glass layer is not continuous at the positions at which the conducting element comes into contact with the heating resistor.
  • a supporting layer according to the invention which, viewed from the free outside surface of it, has at least one layer containing at least one heat conducting metal, especially steel, at least one layer containing at least one metal with good thermal conductivity, especially copper, and at least one second insulating layer.
  • the supporting layer viewed from the free outside surface, has at least one layer containing at least one metal with good thermal conductivity, especially copper, at least one layer containing at least one metal with poor thermal conductivity, especially steel, and at least one second insulating layer.
  • heating elements according to the invention are also suitable in which the supporting layer, viewed from the free outside surface, has at least one electrically insulating ceramic layer, at least one electrically conducting ceramic layer and/or at least one second insulating layer.
  • the heating element layer is designed as a thick film or as a thin film.
  • the heating element layer can be produced by serigraphy or by a printing process, for example as a thick film.
  • the task on which the invention is based is solved in another embodiment by a heating element in which the heating element layer has a plurality of individual heating resistors, which are arranged in at least two heating tracks in such a way that the heating resistors within each heating track are electrically connected parallel to one another, and the heating tracks are connected to one another electrically in series and that all heating resistors can be supplied simultaneously with electrical energy, whereby at least two different heating resistors have different heating powers and/or the heating resistors are arranged on the heating element layer at different distances to one another, at least in regions.
  • the invention can also be characterized by the fact that the heating resistors are provided through a thick film.
  • the heating resistors on the heating element layer can be produced with serigraphy or a printing process.
  • At least two heating resistors have different electrical resistors with different heating powers, especially different geometrical dimensions and/or are made of different materials, especially materials with different dopings.
  • the at least two heating resistors with different surface areas have different peripheral shapes, especially at least one heating resistor has an essentially polygonal shape, especially trapezoidal, triangular, square, rectangular and/or hexagonal peripheral shape, different peripheral lengths, different side lengths, especially different widths and/or lengths, and/or different thicknesses.
  • Another further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the heating power and/or the distance of the heating resistors, at least in regions preferably over the complete heating element, be adjusted to a pressing strength of the heating element layer on the supporting layer present at least in regions, to a predetermined heating power density distribution within the heating element layer which is present at least in regions especially as a function of a local thermal conductivity of the supporting layer, and/or to a predetermined heat density distribution within the supporting layer, at least in regions.
  • the heating power of a first heating resistor which is arranged in a first region of the heating element layer with a first pressing strength of the heating element layer onto the supporting layer is smaller than the heating power of at least one second heating resistor, which is arranged in a second region with a second pressing strength that is smaller in comparison to the first pressing strength of the heating element layer to the supporting layer and/or the distance of the two heating resistors to one another is larger in the first region than the distance between two heating resistors to one another in the second region.
  • the invention provides that the first region be located near at least one preferably bordering at least one attachment location or pressing location, preferably in the form of an opening for at least partial leadthrough or penetration of an attachment device for applying the heating element layer to the supporting layer, and/or the second region is located further removed in comparison to the first region from at least one, especially not bordering on at least one attachment location or pressing location.
  • the heating power of a third heating resistor which is located in a third region of the heating element layer with a first heating power density of the heating element layer be smaller than the heating power of at least one fourth heating resistor which is located in a fourth region with a second heating power density of the heating element layer, which is smaller in comparison to the first heating power density, and/or the distance of the two third heating resistors in the third region is larger than the distance of the two fourth heating resistors in the fourth region.
  • the third region of the heating element layer be located near at least one, preferably bordering at least one, first region of the supporting layer with a first thermal conductivity and/or with a first heat density and that the fourth region of the heating element layer is located near at least one, preferably bordering at least one, second region of the supporting layer with a second thermal conductivity which is smaller in comparison to the first thermal conductivity and/or with a heat density which is larger in comparison to the first heat density.
  • the electrical heating resistors of a heating track have essentially the same heating power, essentially the same geometrical dimensions, are essentially at the same distance from one another and/or be made essentially of the same materials.
  • the separating layer, the heating element layer, the mechanical buffer layer, the first thermal insulating layer, the elastic arresting element and/or the pressing means are designed as one element.
  • the pressing means, the elastic arresting element, the mechanical buffer layer, the first thermal insulating layer, the heating element layer and/or the separating layer can be joined to one another separably or in a fixed manner, especially with the aid of adhesion, preferably with the aid of an adhesive.
  • each of the heating tracks have a large number of heating resistors arranged at least pairwise neighboring each other, whereby the heating resistors have a surface that is limited at least partially, preferably in a plane through first and second side edges, whereby two neighboring heating resistors, for the purpose of achieving electrical parallel circuits, have first facing neighboring side edges, which are at least partially at a distance from one another, and/or especially are electrically insulated through at least one insulating intermediate layer or electrical insulation.
  • two facing neighboring second side edges of the heating resistors of neighboring first and second heating tracks for the purpose of achieving electrical series connection of the heating tracks at least partially, at least one first electrically conducting means, especially in the form of at least one first electrical conducting path which lies especially at each second side edge of the heating resistors of the first heating track and against, especially against each, second side edges of the heating resistors of the second heating track, and can be connected to one another or are connected to one another, whereby with the aid of the first electrically conducting means an electrical current can be conducted through the electrical heating resistors of neighboring first and second heating tracks.
  • At least one second electrically conducting means which connects at least two, especially all, second side edges of heating resistors of an outer heating track to one another in a conducting manner, which are especially not neighboring a first or second side edge of a heating resistor, whereby the at least one second electrically conducting means has especially at least one contact position and/or is in working relationship with at least one contact position.
  • At least one third electrically conducting means has especially no insulating intermediate layer to at least one especially each first and/or second side edge of a heating resistor of at least one first outer heating track which is especially not neighboring a first or second side edge of a heating resistor of a first or second heating track.
  • first, second and/or third electrically conducting means have at least one electrical material of high conductivity, especially silver or copper.
  • the neighboring heating tracks be arranged essentially parallel to one another and/or at least one heating track be arranged along a straight, curved or circular path.
  • the heating tracks be provided with different dimensions.
  • each heating track have at least three, especially at least five, electrical heating resistors, and/or at least three, especially at least five, heating tracks, which are preferably electrically connectable through at least one first electrically conducting means and/or through at least two contact positions, to a power source.
  • the invention provides a cooking appliance comprising at least one heating element according to the invention.
  • This cooking appliance can be especially characterized by the fact that at least one heating element, preferably all heating elements can be secured on the cooking appliance separably, especially through a screw connection.
  • a control and/or regulating unit be provided which is in working relationship with at least one, especially with all, heating element(s) and/or with at least one, especially all, electrical heating resistor(s) and/or with at least one sensor.
  • the heating power of the heating element preferably of the individual heating resistors and/or at least of two groups of heating resistors can be regulated and/or controlled, especially as a function of at least one characteristic quantity which can preferably be detected with the sensor, such as a temperature, a moisture content, a degree of browning of the cooking product, a weight of the cooking product, a size of the cooking product, a type of cooking product or similar.
  • the invention provides a method for the production of a heating element layer of a heating element according to the invention comprising the steps of
  • the substrate be made of at least one electrically conducting material, preferably a metal, especially stainless steel, glass, ceramic and/or a plastic, and/or before applying the heating resistors, at least one thermally- and/or electrically insulating layer be applied onto the substrate at least in regions.
  • electrically conducting material preferably a metal, especially stainless steel, glass, ceramic and/or a plastic
  • the thermally- and/or electrically insulating layer be made with at least one ceramic material and/or at least one glass.
  • the covering layer be made of an electrically insulating material and/or a material protecting against mechanical influences, preferably made of a glass and/or a protective varnish.
  • the heating power, the electrical resistance and/or the distance of the heating resistors from one another be adjusted by dimensioning the geometrical measurements of the heating resistors.
  • the maintenance friendliness of the heating element according to the invention is increased even further in a claimed embodiment in that it makes it possible to omit separate control of the individual resistor units with a simultaneously high uniformity of the heat input.
  • this embodiment with the aid of different sizes and the number of heating resistors on a heating element, it becomes possible not only to reach high safety against failure but also to adjust the heating power of the different regions of a heating element layer in a designed manner.
  • uniform heat input into a supporting layer is possible in spite of different pressing strengths of a heating element layer on the supporting layer.
  • the heating powers of the individual heating resistors or the distance between the individual heating resistors is adapted to the special environmental conditions in the individual regions of the heating element layer or of the supporting layer, for example the pressing strength of the heating element layer onto the supporting layer, to the thermal conductivity of the heating layer in different regions, etc.
  • the life of the heating element layer is significantly increased since the failure of an individual heating resistor is not harmful to the providing of uniform heat input into the supporting layer, due to the number of heating resistors and because this failure can be compensated by neighboring heating resistors.
  • this is supported by the arrangement of a separating layer between the heating element layer and the supporting layer, since this leads to making the heat input more uniform.
  • flow of current through the heating element is not prevented by the failure of one or several heating resistors.
  • a desired cooking result can be achieved in spite of a failed heating resistor.
  • FIG. 1 a partial section of a heating element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 a top view of a heating element layer of the heating element according to the invention according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a heating element 1 according to the invention in a partial cross-section.
  • a carrier layer or plate 2 and a pressing plate 4 the following are arranged, in this sequence: a separating layer in the form of a graphite film 6 , a heating element layer 8 , a mechanical buffer layer in the form of a mica layer 10 and an elastic element plate 12 .
  • the graphite film 6 is applied on the bottom side of carrier layer 2 in a manner known to the person skilled in the art, especially to make the heat input into the carrier layer uniform.
  • the heating element or heating resistor layer 8 can be applied, for example, with the aid of the known silk-screening method in a desired pattern, for example, onto graphite film 6 .
  • this resistance layer or heating element layer For the purpose of mechanical protection of this resistance layer or heating element layer, it is covered by a mica plate 10 at least in the essential parts.
  • an elastic element 12 is arranged at least in sections.
  • this can be a metal plate which is equipped with elastic properties at least in regions.
  • the layer sequence of graphite film 6 , heating element layer 8 , mica layer 10 and elastic plate 12 is held as tightly as possible on the bottom side of supporting layer 2 using pressing plate 4 .
  • the elastic element 12 is made of metal, it is appropriate to connect the electrical line or the electrical contact element 24 to the elastic element 12 not directly, but with intermediate switching of an insulating sleeve 20 .
  • the contact element 24 is preferably equipped rigidly with the heating element layer 8 in the region of its contact, preferably with a strength which is sufficient to withstand a restoring force by the elastic element 12 without bending, even under thermal exposure.
  • copper rods were found to be suitable materials for these contact elements 24 .
  • the elastic element 12 is squeezed between the pressing plate 4 and the mica layer 10 at least through one section, essentially so that it cannot move.
  • outlets 22 , 30 in mica layer 10 and in pressing plate 4 can be dimensioned differently in each case, but they can also have the same size.
  • the outlet 30 of the pressing plate 4 is larger than the outlet 22 of mica plate 10 . Fundamentally, however, a reverse dimensioning is also possible.
  • the elastic element 12 extends beyond the insulating sleeve 20 , for example with a section 34 , and it can be designed in such a way that it will be in the region of the top side of pressing plate 4 , with which it will be constructed. Since also in this section 34 of the elastic element 12 , whose deviation away from the bottom side of carrier layer 2 is utilized in a designed manner in order to provide bonding of the contact element 24 onto heating layer element 8 , an especially safe and reliable contact source to an electrical line which is at least partly a component of contact element 24 or to a power source is provided.
  • the heating element layer 8 , the graphite film 6 , the mica layer 10 , the elastic plate 12 and the pressing plate 4 can also be separable or joined to one another rigidly to simplify mounting, for example, using a glue. Furthermore, also various functions of the layers can be achieved with a single component or a single layer, since essentially we are dealing with the function of a layer especially for making the heat input uniform (separation and/or graphite layer) or for making the pressing pressure uniform (pressing and/or elastic element plate).
  • the pressing plate 4 which serves for pressing the various layers
  • the elastic plate 12 which is installed for providing elastic pressing of the electrical contact element 24 , can be made in one piece.
  • the mica layer 10 can fulfill not only the task of a mechanical buffer layer but also the task of a heat insulating layer.
  • an additional first thermal insulation layer can be provided, which is preferably a mica layer.
  • the pressing plate can be made elastic at least on the surface which is facing the heating element layer, so that the mica layer 10 can be omitted.
  • FIG. 2 shows a heating element layer 8 in a top view.
  • the heating element layer 8 has heating tracks 804 , 804 ′, 805 , 805 ′ which run essentially straight and parallel to one another, and these tracks are composed of a plurality of electrical heating resistances 806 , 807 , 806 ′, 807 ′.
  • the electrical heating resistors 806 , 806 ′, 807 , 807 ′ have a rectangular or square surface shape and in the present case are within a heating track 804 , 804 ′, 805 , 805 ′, which in each case have the same surface area and shape.
  • each heating track 804 , 804 ′, 805 , 805 ′ are neighboring electrical heating resistors 806 , 807 , 806 ′, 807 ′, always separated from one another by electrical insulation 812 .
  • the insulation 812 prevents direct contact of first side edges 810 , namely the first side edges 810 . 1 and 810 . 2 and 810 . 1 ′ and 810 . 2 ′, respectively, of neighboring heating resistors in the heating track.
  • the second side edges 820 of neighboring heating resistors of a heating track are not assigned to one another or are neighboring over longer sections.
  • Neighboring heating tracks for example 804 , 804 ′ and 805 , 805 ′ are not in direct contact with one another, but rather are joined together through first electrical conducting paths 808 .
  • the second side edges 820 of electrical heating resistors 806 , 807 , 806 ′, 807 ′ of a heating track 804 , 804 ′, 805 , 805 ′ lie regularly against a first electrical conducting path 808 .
  • the second side edges 820 of heating resistors 806 , 807 of the always outer heating tracks 804 , 805 of the heating element layer 8 forming the outsides 817 and 819 are connected to a second electrical conducting path 814 and 816 .
  • electrical current cannot be conducted directly through neighboring electrical heating resistors 806 , 807 , 806 ′, 807 ′ within a heating track 804 , 804 ′, 805 , 805 ′. Rather the electrical current is conducted through an electrical heating resistor 806 of a first heating track 804 by means of a first electrical conducting path 808 to the electrical heating resistor 806 ′ of a neighboring heating track 804 ′.
  • a possible pathway for the electrical current is shown in the depiction of heating element layer 8 in FIG. 2 and is designated with A.
  • the cooking appliance will have a heating plate with a significantly longer effective life and thus lower maintenance requirements.
  • the individual heating resistors in the different heating tracks occupy different surface areas.
  • the individual heating resistors also have different electrical resistances and thus different heat outputs.
  • the different sizes of the heating resistors 806 , 807 , 806 ′, 807 ′ are supposed to achieve especially equalization of the different heat transfer from the heating element layer 8 to the medium to be heated, especially to the supporting layer 2 , see FIG. 1 , which, for example, can occur due to a different pressing strength of the heating element layer 8 onto supporting layer 2 in different regions of the heating element layer 8 of the heating element 1 according to the invention.
  • the surface of the heating resistors in the regions around the first openings 822 , 824 , 826 , 828 are larger in order to compensate for the improved thermal conductivity in the heat carrier layer 2 due to the larger pressing strength. Due to the larger surface of the heating resistors and thus to their lower electrical resistances in this region, the heating power will be lower.
  • the heating element layer 8 is designed so that the surface of the heating resistors is the largest in the areas with the largest pressing pressure, that is, the lowest heating power will be provided by the heating resistors, and will become smaller the farther the heating resistor is removed from the first openings 822 , 824 , 826 , 828 .
  • the heating power of these heating resistors which are farthest removed from the first openings 822 , 824 , 826 , 828 is in fact larger due to the higher electrical resistance.
  • the heating element layer 8 makes it possible to have a very uniform heat input over the surface into the supporting layer 2 and thus, for example, into a cooking container.
  • the electrical contact elements 24 shown in FIG. 1 are most preferably located at the contact points 830 and 830 ′ shown in FIG. 2 , which are always connected to a second electrical conducting path 814 , 816 onto which heating element layer 8 is pressed.
  • a second opening 832 is located in the middle of heating element layer 8 , which is provided for a heat sensor (not shown) and has essentially no influence on the pressing pressure. As a result of this design, monitoring of the heating power of heating element 1 is possible.
  • a plurality of heating elements 1 according to the invention which always have a heating element layer 8 , can be introduced separably into a cooking appliance, whereby the heating elements 1 or their heating element layers 8 can have different sizes which are then introduced as a mosaic.
  • a heating element layer 8 can be produced in the method according to the invention using a serigraphic technique or a printing technique, in a simple and uncomplicated manner.
  • a ceramic layer is applied onto a substrate, preferably in the form of a stainless steel plate, and onto that again heating resistors are applied with the serigraphic technique which can have different sizes in the manner described above and conducting paths can be printed onto it.
  • a mechanical protection in the form of a glass layer can be applied. This leads to very simple manufacture and the resistors can be designed arbitrarily on a model form.
  • Cooking appliances for which the heating elements according to the invention can be used include especially pans, hot air cooking appliances, steam cooking appliances, combination steamers for operation with hot air and steam, steam generators, heating devices in the form of at least one cooking field and units for keeping food warm.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
US10/572,176 2003-09-16 2004-09-16 Heating element for cooking appliances Abandoned US20070084457A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0310882A FR2859867B1 (fr) 2003-09-16 2003-09-16 Element chauffant pour appareil de cuisson
FR03/10882 2003-09-16
PCT/EP2004/010402 WO2005032214A2 (fr) 2003-09-16 2004-09-16 Element chauffant pour des appareils de cuisson

Publications (1)

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US20070084457A1 true US20070084457A1 (en) 2007-04-19

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US10/572,176 Abandoned US20070084457A1 (en) 2003-09-16 2004-09-16 Heating element for cooking appliances

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20070084457A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1671520B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007506234A (fr)
DE (2) DE10347222B4 (fr)
FR (1) FR2859867B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005032214A2 (fr)

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US20080241776A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-02 Constantin Burtea Infrared emitting gas burner
US20080236564A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-02 Constantin Burtea Wire mesh burner plate for a gas oven burner
US20080264406A1 (en) * 2007-04-24 2008-10-30 Constantin Burtea Conveyor oven with hybrid heating sources
US20080283041A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Constantin Burtea Method of controlling an oven with hybrid heating sources
EP2631545A1 (fr) * 2012-02-22 2013-08-28 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Plaque de chauffage comprenant au moins un capteur de température
US8637792B2 (en) 2011-05-18 2014-01-28 Prince Castle, LLC Conveyor oven with adjustable air vents
US20140138558A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Protochips, Inc. Method for forming an electrical connection to an sample support in an electron microscope holder
US20150013660A1 (en) * 2012-04-02 2015-01-15 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N. V. Illumination device for a cooking zone element of a cooking hob covered by a transparent panel and a corresponding cooking zone element and cooking hob
US9997330B2 (en) 2014-06-03 2018-06-12 Protochips, Inc. Method for optimizing fluid flow across a sample within an electron microscope sample holder
US10192714B2 (en) 2010-08-02 2019-01-29 Protochips, Inc. Electron microscope sample holder for forming a gas or liquid cell with two semiconductor devices

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EP2131625B1 (fr) 2008-03-19 2012-11-21 Rational AG Appareil de cuisson avec une plaque de cuisson avec un élément thermocouple
DE102009000651A1 (de) * 2008-10-16 2010-05-27 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Hausgerät zur Zubereitung von Lebensmitteln mit einer Heizeinrichtung
FR2938416B1 (fr) * 2008-11-19 2012-09-21 Frima Sa Appareil de cuisson comprenant un materiau multicouche et un element chauffant a couche epaisse.
EP2189724B1 (fr) 2008-11-25 2017-08-23 Rational AG Procédé destiné à la sélection d'au moins un programme de travail d'un appareil de cuisson et appareil de cuisson correspondant
ATE522118T1 (de) 2009-06-25 2011-09-15 Rational Ag Tiegelboden, gargerät damit und verfahren zum betreiben solch eines gargeräts
JP2011149666A (ja) * 2010-01-25 2011-08-04 Tanico Corp 加熱調理器
JP5338720B2 (ja) * 2010-03-08 2013-11-13 住友電気工業株式会社 加熱ヒータおよびそれを搭載した装置
DE202012101610U1 (de) 2012-05-02 2013-08-05 Wiesheu Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von Lebensmitteln mit einer beheizbaren Platte
KR101949833B1 (ko) * 2015-02-11 2019-02-19 포샨 순더 메이디 일렉트리컬 히팅 어플라이언시스 메뉴팩쳐링 코., 리미티드 전열막층의 제조방법, 전열막층, 전기 가열판 및 조리기구
FR3042090B1 (fr) * 2015-10-01 2017-11-24 Capic Dispositif de chauffage pour appareil de cuisson
CN107912960B (zh) * 2016-10-10 2023-12-15 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 外锅组件和烹饪器具
KR102222272B1 (ko) * 2019-05-09 2021-03-04 홍진표 전기 프라이팬

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080241776A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-02 Constantin Burtea Infrared emitting gas burner
US20080236564A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-02 Constantin Burtea Wire mesh burner plate for a gas oven burner
US7717704B2 (en) * 2007-03-28 2010-05-18 Prince Castle, Inc. Wire mesh burner plate for a gas oven burner
US20080264406A1 (en) * 2007-04-24 2008-10-30 Constantin Burtea Conveyor oven with hybrid heating sources
US7800023B2 (en) 2007-04-24 2010-09-21 Prince Castle LLC Conveyor oven with hybrid heating sources
US20080283041A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Constantin Burtea Method of controlling an oven with hybrid heating sources
US7851727B2 (en) 2007-05-16 2010-12-14 Prince Castle LLC Method of controlling an oven with hybrid heating sources
US10192714B2 (en) 2010-08-02 2019-01-29 Protochips, Inc. Electron microscope sample holder for forming a gas or liquid cell with two semiconductor devices
US8637792B2 (en) 2011-05-18 2014-01-28 Prince Castle, LLC Conveyor oven with adjustable air vents
EP2631545A1 (fr) * 2012-02-22 2013-08-28 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Plaque de chauffage comprenant au moins un capteur de température
US20150013660A1 (en) * 2012-04-02 2015-01-15 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N. V. Illumination device for a cooking zone element of a cooking hob covered by a transparent panel and a corresponding cooking zone element and cooking hob
US10088145B2 (en) * 2012-04-02 2018-10-02 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Illumination device for a cooking zone element of a cooking hob covered by a transparent panel and a corresponding cooking zone element and cooking hob
US20140138558A1 (en) * 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Protochips, Inc. Method for forming an electrical connection to an sample support in an electron microscope holder
US9437393B2 (en) * 2012-11-16 2016-09-06 Protochips, Inc. Method for forming an electrical connection to an sample support in an electron microscope holder
US9837746B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2017-12-05 Protochips, Inc. Method for forming an electrical connection to a sample support in an electron microscope holder
US10256563B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2019-04-09 Protochips, Inc. Method for forming an electrical connection to a sample support in an electron microscope holder
US9997330B2 (en) 2014-06-03 2018-06-12 Protochips, Inc. Method for optimizing fluid flow across a sample within an electron microscope sample holder
US10373800B2 (en) 2014-06-03 2019-08-06 Protochips, Inc. Method for optimizing fluid flow across a sample within an electron microscope sample holder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1671520B1 (fr) 2007-02-28
EP1671520A2 (fr) 2006-06-21
DE10347222A1 (de) 2005-04-21
JP2007506234A (ja) 2007-03-15
FR2859867B1 (fr) 2006-04-14
WO2005032214A2 (fr) 2005-04-07
WO2005032214A3 (fr) 2005-05-26
WO2005032214B1 (fr) 2005-06-23
DE10347222B4 (de) 2005-09-22
FR2859867A1 (fr) 2005-03-18
DE502004003079D1 (de) 2007-04-12

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