US20060272603A1 - Electromagnetically driven valve - Google Patents

Electromagnetically driven valve Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060272603A1
US20060272603A1 US11/443,121 US44312106A US2006272603A1 US 20060272603 A1 US20060272603 A1 US 20060272603A1 US 44312106 A US44312106 A US 44312106A US 2006272603 A1 US2006272603 A1 US 2006272603A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
moving element
electromagnetically driven
side moving
closing
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US11/443,121
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English (en)
Inventor
Kiyoharu Nakamura
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Assigned to TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA reassignment TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NAKAMURA, KIYOHARU
Publication of US20060272603A1 publication Critical patent/US20060272603A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • F16K31/0679—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor with more than one energising coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0682—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid with an articulated or pivot armature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2105—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids comprising two or more coils
    • F01L2009/2109—The armature being articulated perpendicularly to the coils axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2132—Biasing means
    • F01L2009/2134—Helical springs
    • F01L2009/2136—Two opposed springs for intermediate resting position of the armature

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to an electromagnetically driven valve, and more particularly to an electromagnetically driven valve including an electromagnet implemented by a monocoil.
  • Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 5-106414 discloses an electromagnetically driven valve aiming to increase initial drive force of the valve (Patent Document 1).
  • the electromagnetically driven valve disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a moving coil provided in a moving portion and an electromagnetic coil wound around an electromagnetic core. At the time of initial drive, thrust of the valve is generated by feeding a current to the moving coil, and a line of magnetic force enhancing the thrust is applied to the magnetic coil by feeding a current to the electromagnetic coil.
  • An electromagnetically driven valve called a rotary drive type includes first and second moving elements carrying out oscillating movement between an valve-opening position and a valve-closing position around rotatably supported support portions respectively and an electromagnet arranged between the first moving element and the second moving element.
  • the first and second moving elements are located at a position intermediate between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position, and initial drive of the electromagnetically driven valve is triggered by applying the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnet to the first and second moving elements.
  • the electromagnet is implemented by a monocoil (continuous coil) and if the current is supplied to the monocoil, electromagnetic force of equal magnitude is applied to the first moving element and the second moving element. In such a case, the first and second moving elements stay at the intermediate position, and initial drive of the electromagnetically driven valve is not successfully carried out. Meanwhile, though the electromagnetic coil is provided in the electromagnetically driven valve in order to increase initial drive force according to Patent Document 1 above, the structure may be complicated or a size may be great.
  • the present invention was made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetically driven valve having a simplified structure, of which initial drive is facilitated.
  • An electromagnetically driven valve includes: first and second moving elements having rotatably supported support portions and carrying out oscillating movement between a valve-opening position and a valve-closing position around the support portions respectively; and an electromagnet having a monocoil and arranged between the first moving element and the second moving element.
  • the first and second moving elements are held at a position intermediate between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position while electromagnetic force is not applied.
  • the electromagnetic force in a direction toward the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position acts on the first and second moving elements. Magnetic permeability of a material forming the first moving element is different from that of a material forming the second moving element.
  • the monocoil refers to a continuous coil (the monocoil is to be understood similarly hereinafter).
  • the electromagnetic force in a direction toward the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position simultaneously acts on the first and second moving elements.
  • the position intermediate between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position refers to a position in the middle between the valve-opening position and valve-closing position where a distance from the valve-opening position is equal to a distance from the valve-closing position (the intermediate position is to be understood similarly hereinafter).
  • a gap between the first moving element and the electromagnet is equal in width to a gap between the second moving element and the electromagnet.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve structured as above, flow of magnetic flux is easier in one of the first and second moving elements, while flow of magnetic flux is harder in the other of the first and second moving elements. Accordingly, as a result of current supply to the monocoil, relatively large electromagnetic force is applied to the moving element through which flow of magnetic flux is easier, while relatively small electromagnetic force is applied to the moving element through which flow of magnetic flux is harder. Consequently, the first and second moving elements start to oscillate from the intermediate position at which they have been held before start of movement toward any one of the valve-opening position side and the valve-closing position side. Therefore, according to the present invention, initial drive of the electromagnetically driven valve can be facilitated with a simplified structure.
  • the electromagnet further has first and second core portions around which the monocoil is wound such that magnetic fluxes pass between the first and second core portions and the first and second moving elements respectively.
  • magnetic permeability of the material forming the first moving element is greater than magnetic permeability of the material forming the second moving element
  • magnetic permeability of a material forming the first core portion is greater than magnetic permeability of a material forming the second core portion.
  • magnetic permeability of the material forming the first moving element is smaller than magnetic permeability of the material forming the second moving element
  • magnetic permeability of the material forming the first core portion is smaller than magnetic permeability of the material forming the second core portion.
  • the electromagnetic force applied to the first moving element is generated as a result of flow of magnetic flux on the magnetic circuit formed between the first moving element and the first core portion
  • the electromagnetic force applied to the second moving element is generated as a result of flow of magnetic flux on the magnetic circuit formed between the second moving element and the second core portion.
  • magnetic permeability of the material forming the first core portion differs from magnetic permeability of the material forming the second core portion in accordance with magnitude of magnetic permeability of the material forming the first and second moving elements, so that difference between the electromagnetic force applied to the first moving element and the electromagnetic force applied to the second moving element can further be ensured.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve is mounted on an internal combustion engine and used to control communication between a combustion chamber and an exhaust port.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve further includes a driven valve coupled to the first and second moving elements and moving from a position where it cuts off communication between the combustion chamber and the exhaust port into the combustion chamber, along with movement of the first and second moving elements from the valve-closing position to the valve-opening position.
  • the magnetic permeability of the material forming the first moving element is greater than the magnetic permeability of the material forming the second moving element.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve structured as above, when the driven valve moves from the valve-closing position to the valve-opening position (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “when the valve opens”), an in-cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber caused by an expansion stroke of the internal combustion engine is applied to the driven valve.
  • the electromagnetic force in a direction toward the valve-opening position applied to the first moving element is greater than the electromagnetic force in a direction toward the valve-closing position applied to the second moving element. Therefore, sufficiently large electromagnetic force can be obtained when the valve opens, and the driven valve can move more smoothly.
  • An electromagnetically driven valve includes: first and second moving elements having rotatably supported support portions and carrying out oscillating movement between a valve-opening position and a valve-closing position around the support portions respectively; and an electromagnet having a monocoil and arranged between the first moving element and the second moving element.
  • the first and second moving elements are held at a position intermediate between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position while electromagnetic force is not applied.
  • current supply to the monocoil magnetic flux flows through the first and second moving elements, and the electromagnetic force in a direction toward the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position acts on the first and second moving elements.
  • the first moving element is different in shape from the second moving element, on a magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux passes.
  • the first and second moving elements are shaped differently on the magnetic circuit serving as a passage of the magnetic flux, so that magnitude of magnetic flux that flows through the moving element can be different.
  • relatively large electromagnetic force is applied to the moving element through which large magnetic flux flows
  • relatively small electromagnetic force is applied to the moving element through which small magnetic flux flows. Consequently, the first and second moving elements start to oscillate from the intermediate position at which they have been held before start of movement toward any one of the valve-opening position side and the valve-closing position side. Therefore, according to the present invention, initial drive of the electromagnetically driven valve can be facilitated with a simplified structure.
  • a minimum cross-sectional area of the first moving element on the magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux flows is different from a minimum cross-sectional area of the second moving element on the magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux flows.
  • the first and second moving elements further have first and second surfaces each extending on a single surface, facing respective opposing surfaces of the electromagnet and receiving the electromagnetic force, respectively.
  • an area of the first surface is different from an area of the second surface.
  • the electromagnet further has first and second attraction and contact surfaces each extending on a single surface, facing the first and second surfaces and attracting the first and second moving elements respectively.
  • first and second attraction and contact surfaces each extending on a single surface, facing the first and second surfaces and attracting the first and second moving elements respectively.
  • an area of the first attraction and contact surface is greater than an area of the second attraction and contact surface.
  • the area of the first attraction and contact surface is smaller than the area of the second attraction and contact surface.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve is mounted on an internal combustion engine and used to control communication between a combustion chamber and an exhaust port.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve further includes a driven valve coupled to the first and second moving elements and moving from a position where it cuts off communication between the combustion chamber and the exhaust port into the combustion chamber, along with movement of the first and second moving elements from the valve-closing position to the valve-opening position.
  • a minimum cross-sectional area of the first moving element on the magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux flows is greater than a minimum cross-sectional area of the second moving element on the magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux flows.
  • An electromagnetically driven valve includes a moving element having a rotatably supported support portion and carrying out oscillating movement between a valve-opening position and a valve-closing position around the support portion, and an electromagnet having a monocoil and applying electromagnetic force to the moving element. While the electromagnetic force is not applied, the moving element is held at a position intermediate between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position. As a result of current supply to the monocoil, the electromagnetic force in a direction toward the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position acts on the moving element.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve further includes an actuator applying force in a direction to move the moving element to any one of the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position to the moving element held at the intermediate position.
  • the force applied to the moving element by the actuator can contribute to the difference between the electromagnetic force in the direction toward the valve-opening position applied to the moving element and the electromagnetic force in the direction toward the valve-closing position, based on the force applied from the actuator to the moving element. Consequently, the moving element starts to oscillate from the intermediate position at which it has been held before start of movement toward any one of the valve-opening position side and the valve-closing position side. Therefore, according to the present invention, initial drive of the electromagnetically driven valve can be facilitated with a simplified structure.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve is mounted on an internal combustion engine.
  • the actuator is driven by power generated when the internal combustion engine is driven.
  • the internal combustion engine is used to drive the actuator, so that the electromagnetically driven valve can have a simplified structure.
  • an electromagnetically driven valve with a simplified structure, of which initial drive is facilitated can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetically driven valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a valve-opening side core portion constituting an electromagnet in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetically driven valve in FIG. 1 , driven from a valve-closing position to a valve-opening position.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetically driven valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a core portion of an electromagnet employed in a variation of the electromagnetically driven valve in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a valve-closing side moving element of an electromagnetically driven valve according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a first variation of the valve-closing side moving element in FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a second variation of the valve-closing side moving element in FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetically driven valve according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetically driven valve according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a variation of the electromagnetically driven valve in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 1 shows an electromagnetically driven valve according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve according to the present embodiment implements an exhaust valve in an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine. It is noted that the electromagnetically driven valve may implement an intake valve of an internal combustion engine, in which case the electromagnetically driven valve is also structured as described hereinafter.
  • an electromagnetically driven valve 10 is a rotary drive type electromagnetically driven valve, which is driven as a result of cooperation of electromagnetic force and elastic force.
  • a parallel link mechanism is adopted as an operation mechanism for the electromagnetically driven valve.
  • Electromagnetically driven valve 10 includes a driven valve 14 , a valve-opening side moving element 21 and a valve-closing side moving element 31 oscillating by receiving electromagnetic force and elastic force applied thereto and provided at a distance from each other, an electromagnet 40 arranged between valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 and generating the electromagnetic force to be applied to these moving elements, and torsion bars 26 and 36 provided in valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 respectively and applying elastic force to these moving elements.
  • Driven valve 14 is constituted of a stem 11 extending in one direction and an umbrella-shaped portion 12 formed at an end of stem 11 .
  • a not-shown valve guide is provided around stem 11 .
  • the valve guide guides stem 11 in a direction in which stem 11 extends, in such a manner that stem 11 is slidable.
  • Driven valve 14 carries out reciprocating motion in a direction shown with an arrow 101 in which stem 11 extends, upon receiving the oscillating movement of valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 .
  • Driven valve 14 is mounted on a cylinder head 18 in which an exhaust port 16 is formed.
  • a valve seat 19 is provided in a position where exhaust port 16 of cylinder head 18 communicates to a combustion chamber 17 .
  • the reciprocating motion of driven valve 14 causes umbrella-shaped portion 12 to intimately contact with valve seat 19 or to move away from valve seat 19 , so as to open or close exhaust port 16 .
  • Valve-opening side moving element 21 is formed from a magnetic material.
  • Valve-opening side moving element 21 has a support portion 23 and a coupled portion 22 , and extends from support portion 23 toward coupled portion 22 .
  • Opposing surfaces 21 a and 21 b are formed between support portion 23 and coupled portion 22 .
  • a central axis 25 serving as an oscillation center of valve-opening side moving element 21 is defined in support portion 23 .
  • Torsion bar 26 extending along central axis 25 is connected to support portion 23 .
  • Support portion 23 is rotatably supported by a not-shown disc support base through torsion bar 26 .
  • the tip end of stem 11 opposite to the end where umbrella-shaped portion 12 is formed abuts on surface 21 a.
  • Valve-closing side moving element 31 is formed from a Magnetic material, and has a support portion 33 , a coupled portion 32 and surfaces 31 a and 31 b , corresponding to support portion 23 , coupled portion 22 and surfaces 21 a and 21 b of valve-opening side moving element 21 respectively.
  • Surface 21 a is opposed to surface 31 a at a distance from each other.
  • Coupled portion 32 is rotatably coupled to a midpoint of stem 11 by means of a cam follower or the like.
  • a central axis 35 serving as an oscillation center of valve-closing side moving element 31 is defined in support portion 33 .
  • Torsion bar 36 extending along central axis 35 is connected to support portion 33 .
  • Magnetic permeability of the magnetic material forming valve-opening side moving element 21 is greater than magnetic permeability of the magnetic material forming valve-closing side moving element 31 .
  • the magnetic material is subjected to heat treatment for sufficiently growing a metal texture and improving magnetic characteristics (magnetic annealing).
  • heat treatment for valve-closing side moving element 31 is not performed, so that the magnetic permeability of valve-opening side moving element 21 differs from the magnetic permeability of valve-closing side moving element 31 .
  • manufacturing cost is reduced.
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 may be formed from magnetic materials having compositions different from each other.
  • Torsion bar 26 applies elastic force to valve-opening side moving element 21 , in a manner moving the same clockwise around central axis 25 .
  • Torsion bar 36 applies elastic force to valve-closing side moving element 31 , in a manner moving the same counterclockwise around central axis 35 . While the electromagnetic force from electromagnet 40 is not yet applied, valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 are positioned by elastic force of torsion bars 26 and 36 at a position intermediate between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position.
  • Electromagnet 40 is provided between valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 , in a manner fixed to a not-shown disc support base. Electromagnet 40 is constituted of a coil 42 implemented by a monocoil and a core portion 41 around which coil 42 is wound. Core portion 41 is constituted of a valve-opening side core portion 41 p facing valve-opening side moving element 21 and a valve-closing side core portion 41 q facing valve-closing side moving element 31 .
  • Valve-opening side core portion 41 p and valve-closing side core portion 41 q have shaft portions 41 m and 41 n extending in parallel to stem 11 , respectively.
  • Coil 42 is first wound around shaft portion 41 m and around shaft portion 41 n . It is noted that a method of winding coil 42 is not limited as such.
  • Valve-opening side core portion 41 p has an attraction and contact surface 41 a facing surface 21 a of valve-opening side moving element 21
  • valve-closing side core portion 41 q has an attraction and contact surface 41 b facing surface 31 a of valve-closing side moving element 31 .
  • a gap H 1 between surface 21 a and attraction and contact surface 41 a is equal to a gap H 2 between surface 31 a and attraction and contact surface 41 b.
  • FIG. 2 shows the valve-opening side core portion constituting the electromagnet in FIG. 1 .
  • valve-opening side core portion 41 p is formed from a magnetic material, and in the present embodiment, formed from a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets 44 .
  • a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets 44 are stacked in a direction (direction shown with an arrow 102 ) orthogonal to a direction in which valve-opening side moving element 21 extends from support portion 23 toward coupled portion 22 .
  • the plurality of stacked electromagnetic steel sheets 44 are fixed to one another through welding, riveting, or the like.
  • Electromagnetic steel sheet 44 has a surface coated with resin, and has a thickness, for example, approximately from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • Valve-closing side core portion 41 q is also formed from electromagnetic steel sheets 44 , the number of which is the same as that for valve-opening side core portion 41 p .
  • Valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 may be formed from a magnetic material other than the electromagnetic steel sheet, such as a compact of magnetic powders.
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 cause valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 to oscillate around central axes 25 and 35 , which in turn causes reciprocating motion of driven valve 14 .
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 is attracted toward attraction and contact surface 41 a of electromagnet 40
  • stem 11 is lowered and driven valve 14 is positioned at the valve-opening position.
  • stem 11 is elevated and driven valve 14 is positioned at the valve-closing position.
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 are held at the intermediate position.
  • the current that flows in a direction shown in FIG. 1 is supplied to coil 42 .
  • magnetic circuits are formed between valve-opening side core portion 41 p and valve-opening side moving element 21 and between valve-closing side core portion 41 q and valve-closing side moving element 31 respectively, and magnetic fluxes flow through valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 in directions shown with arrows 201 and 202 respectively. Accordingly, the electromagnetic force attracting valve-opening side moving element 21 to attraction and contact surface 41 a and the electromagnetic force attracting valve-closing side moving element 31 to attraction and contact surface 41 b are simultaneously generated.
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 having relatively large magnetic permeability more easily than in valve-closing side moving element 31 having relatively small magnetic permeability
  • magnitude of the magnetic flux that flows through valve-opening side moving element 21 is greater than magnitude of the magnetic flux that flows through valve-closing side moving element 31 . Therefore, the electromagnetic force applied to valve-opening side moving element 21 is greater than the electromagnetic force applied to valve-closing side moving element 31 . Consequently, as a result of current supply to coil 42 , valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 start to oscillate from the intermediate position toward the valve-opening position against the elastic force of torsion bar 36 .
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 Thereafter, when excitation is repeated, amplitude of valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 gradually becomes greater as a result of free oscillation of torsion bars 26 and 36 , and valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 soon start oscillating movement between the valve-opening position and valve-closing position.
  • FIG. 3 shows the electromagnetically driven valve in FIG. 1 , driven from the valve-closing position to the valve-opening position.
  • driven valve 14 moves from the valve-closing position to the valve-opening position after electromagnetically driven valve 10 starts moving
  • the in-cylinder pressure is generated in combustion chamber 17 due to the exhaust stroke.
  • the in-cylinder pressure is applied to driven valve 14 in a manner pressing umbrella-shaped portion 12 against valve seat 19 as shown with an arrow 111 . Accordingly, attractive force large enough to overcome the in-cylinder pressure should be applied to valve-opening side moving element 21 when the valve opens.
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 when driven valve 14 moves from the valve-closing position to the valve-opening position, valve-opening side moving element 21 can be attracted to electromagnet 40 with greater electromagnetic force. Therefore, movement of driven valve 14 can be stable while the current value supplied to coil 42 is suppressed, whereby power consumption can be reduced.
  • the direction of oscillation at the time of initial drive is the same as the direction from the valve-closing position to the valve-opening position in an example in which driven valve 14 implements the exhaust valve.
  • Electromagnetically driven valve 10 includes: valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 serving as the first and second moving elements having rotatably supported support portions 23 and 33 and carrying out oscillating movement between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position around support portions 23 and 33 respectively;. and electromagnet 40 having coil 42 implemented by a monocoil and arranged between valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 . Valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 are held at the position intermediate between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position while the electromagnetic force is not applied.
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 As a result of current supply to coil 42 , the electromagnetic force in a direction toward the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position acts on valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 .
  • Magnetic permeability of the material forming valve-opening moving element 21 is different from magnetic permeability of the material forming valve-closing side moving element 31 .
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 can be started simply by supplying a current to coil 42 , in spite of coil 42 implemented by a monocoil. Therefore, facilitated initial drive without complicated control can be achieved.
  • coil 42 implemented by a monocoil is employed, so that the number of expensive parts for the electromagnet can be reduced to half, as compared with an example in which two electromagnets for valve-opening and valve-closing are provided.
  • EDU electronic driver unit
  • valve-opening side core portion 41 p may be formed from a magnetic material having relatively large magnetic permeability
  • valve-closing side core portion 41 q may be formed from a magnetic material having relatively small magnetic permeability.
  • heat treatment for eliminating distortion caused in core portion 41 when it is fixed through welding or riveting (straightening annealing) may not be performed in valve-closing side core portion 41 q.
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 can rapidly and surely be caused to start oscillating between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position.
  • FIG. 4 shows an electromagnetically driven valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve according to the present embodiment is structured basically in a manner similar to electromagnetically driven valve 10 in the first embodiment. Therefore, description of a redundant structure will not be repeated.
  • valve-closing side moving element 51 having magnetic permeability equal to that of valve-opening side moving element 21 is provided, instead of valve-closing side moving element 31 in FIG. 1 .
  • Valve-closing side moving element 51 is formed such that a length of valve-closing side moving element 51 in a direction orthogonal to surface 31 a , that is, a thickness B 2 of valve-closing side moving element 51 , is smaller than a length of valve-opening side moving element 21 in a direction orthogonal to surface 21 a , that is, a thickness B 1 of valve-opening side moving element 21 .
  • a minimum cross-sectional area A 1 of valve-opening side moving element 21 when it is cut in a plane orthogonal to a direction shown with an arrow 201 is larger than a minimum cross-sectional area A 2 of valve-closing side moving element 51 when it is cut in a plane orthogonal to the direction shown with an arrow 202 .
  • B represents magnetic flux density
  • A represents a cross-sectional area of the moving element.
  • magnetic flux saturation is relatively likely in valve-closing side moving element 51 having a smaller cross-sectional area. Accordingly, the magnetic flux that flows through valve-opening side moving element 21 is greater than the magnetic flux that flows through valve-closing side moving element 51 , and the electromagnetic force applied to valve-opening side moving element 21 is larger than the electromagnetic force applied to valve-closing side moving element 51 . Consequently, as a result of current supply to coil 42 , valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 31 start to oscillate from the intermediate position toward the valve-opening position against the elastic force of torsion bar 36 .
  • valve-closing side moving element 51 has lighter weight, so that a frequency range in which the electromagnetically driven valve can operate can be expanded. Therefore, the engine speed to which the electromagnetically driven valve can adapt is improved, and engine performance such as output or fuel efficiency can be improved.
  • FIG. 5 shows a core portion of an electromagnet employed in a variation of the electromagnetically driven valve in FIG. 4 .
  • core portion 41 is formed in such a manner that the number of stacked electromagnetic steel sheets 44 forming valve-opening side core portion 41 p is greater than the number of stacked electromagnetic steel sheets 44 forming valve-closing side core portion 41 q .
  • a minimum cross-sectional area A 3 of valve-opening side core portion 41 p when it is cut in a plane orthogonal to the direction shown with arrow 201 is larger than a minimum cross-sectional area A 4 of valve-closing side core portion 41 q when it is cut in a plane orthogonal to the direction shown with arrow 202 .
  • a length of valve-closing side moving element 51 along the direction in which central axis 35 extends that is, a width of valve-closing side moving element 51 , may be made smaller, along with decrease in the area of attraction and contact surface 41 b of valve-closing side core portion 41 q.
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 51 can rapidly and surely be caused to start oscillating between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position.
  • the minimum cross-sectional area of the core portion can appropriately be controlled solely by adjusting the number of stacked electromagnetic steel sheets 44 , the effect as above can readily be obtained with low cost.
  • FIG. 6 shows a valve-closing side moving element of an electromagnetically driven valve according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve according to the present embodiment is structured basically in a manner similar to electromagnetically driven valve 10 in the first embodiment. Therefore, description of a redundant structure will not be repeated.
  • valve-closing side moving element 61 having magnetic permeability equal to that of valve-opening side moving element 21 is provided, instead of valve-closing side moving element 31 in FIG. 1 .
  • a plurality of grooves 62 are formed in surface 31 a of valve-closing side moving element 61 .
  • the plurality of grooves 62 extend in the direction in which central axis 35 extends, and they are formed at prescribed intervals from support portion 33 toward coupled portion 32 .
  • minimum cross-sectional area A 1 of valve-opening side moving element 21 when it is cut in a plane orthogonal to the direction shown with arrow 201 is larger than a minimum cross-sectional area A 5 of valve-closing side moving element 61 when it is cut in a plane orthogonal to the direction shown with arrow 202 .
  • force of electromagnet 40 attracting valve-closing side moving element 61 can be made smaller. Consequently, as a result of current supply to coil 42 , valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 61 start to oscillate from the intermediate position toward the valve-opening position against the elastic force of torsion bar 36 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a first variation of the valve-closing side moving element in FIG. 6 .
  • groove 62 is formed not only in surface 31 a but also in surface 31 b of valve-closing side moving element 61 .
  • a minimum cross-sectional area A 6 of valve-closing side moving element 61 when it is cut in a plane orthogonal to the direction shown with arrow 202 is further smaller than minimum cross-sectional area A 5 described above.
  • Groove 62 may be formed solely in surface 31 b of valve-closing side moving element 61 .
  • FIG. 8 shows a second variation of the valve-closing side moving element in FIG. 6 .
  • a plurality of annular holes 64 are formed to a prescribed depth into surface 31 a of valve-closing side moving element 61 .
  • the plurality of holes 64 are formed and aligned in a direction in which central axis 35 extends and in a direction from support portion 33 toward coupled portion 32
  • Hole 64 may be formed also in surface 31 b , or may be formed solely in surface 31 b .
  • hole 64 may be formed in a manner penetrating valve-closing side moving element 61 .
  • FIG. 9 shows an electromagnetically driven valve according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve according to the present embodiment is structured basically in a manner similar to electromagnetically driven valve 10 in the first embodiment. Therefore, description of a redundant structure will not be repeated.
  • valve-closing side moving element 66 having magnetic permeability equal to that of valve-opening side moving element 21 is provided, instead of valve-closing side moving element 31 in FIG. 1 . While the electromagnetic force of electromagnet 40 is not applied, valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 66 are positioned at a neutral position in FIG. 9 as a result of elastic force of torsion bars 26 and 36 .
  • the neutral position refers to a position closer to the valve-opening position by a prescribed distance in a direction of reciprocating motion of driven valve 14 , relative to the position intermediate between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position.
  • a gap H 3 between surface 21 a of valve-opening side moving element 21 and attraction and contact surface 41 a of electromagnet 40 is smaller than a gap H 4 between surface 31 a of valve-closing side moving element 66 and attraction and contact surface 41 b of electromagnet 40 .
  • electromagnetic force tends to be inversely proportional to the square of the air gap. Therefore, when current is supplied to coil 42 , the electromagnetic force applied to valve-opening side moving element 21 is greater than the electromagnetic force applied to valve-closing side moving element 31 . Consequently, as a result of current supply to coil 42 , valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 66 start to oscillate from the neutral position toward the valve-opening position against the elastic force of torsion bar 36 .
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 66 are held at the neutral position between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position.
  • the electromagnetic force in the direction to move valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 66 toward the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position acts on valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 66 .
  • the neutral position refers to a position offset from the position intermediate between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position toward any one of the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position.
  • valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 66 can have the same shape, the number of types of parts can be reduced and the electromagnetically driven valve can be structured with low cost.
  • the initial position of driven valve 14 is not located at the position intermediate between the valve-opening position and the valve-closing position, this fact itself does not affect engine performance. In some cases, however, a shape of a recess provided on the top surface of the piston of the engine should appropriately be considered.
  • FIG. 10 shows an electromagnetically driven valve according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve according to the present embodiment is structured basically in a manner similar to electromagnetically driven valve 10 in the first embodiment. Therefore, description of a redundant structure will not be repeated.
  • a valve-closing side moving element 70 having magnetic permeability equal to that of valve-opening side moving element 21 is provided, instead of valve-closing side moving element 31 in FIG. 1 .
  • a hydraulic cylinder 71 is connected to valve-opening side moving element 21 .
  • Hydraulic cylinder 71 is connected to an oil pan 75 through an oil supply pipe 77 .
  • a check valve 72 , an accumulator 73 and a hydraulic pump 74 are arranged sequentially from hydraulic cylinder 71 .
  • Hydraulic pump 74 is a pump accompanying the engine, and implemented, for example, by an oil pump or a power steering pump. When the engine is operating, accumulator 73 accumulates hydraulic pressure generated in hydraulic pump 74 .
  • hydraulic cylinder 71 is driven by the hydraulic pressure accumulated in accumulator 73 , and it moves valve-opening side moving element 21 toward electromagnet 40 .
  • the electromagnetic force in a direction toward the valve-opening position applied to valve-opening side moving element 21 is thus assisted. Consequently, valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 70 start to oscillate from the intermediate position toward the valve-opening position against the elastic force of torsion bar 36 .
  • FIG. 11 shows a variation of the electromagnetically driven valve in FIG. 10 .
  • an air cylinder 81 is connected to valve-closing side moving element 70 .
  • Air cylinder 81 is connected to an intake port 84 of the engine through an air supply pipe 86 .
  • a check valve 82 and a surge tank 83 are arranged sequentially from air cylinder 81 .
  • surge tank 83 accumulates negative pressure generated in intake port 84 .
  • valve-closing side moving element 70 At the time of initial drive, the negative pressure accumulated in surge tank 83 drives air cylinder 81 , and it moves valve-closing side moving element 70 toward electromagnet 40 . Force in a direction opposite to the direction of electromagnetic force toward the valve-closing position is applied to valve-closing side moving element 70 . Consequently, valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 70 start to oscillate from the intermediate position toward the valve-opening position against the elastic force of torsion bar 36 .
  • the electromagnetically driven valve of the fifth embodiment of the present invention structured as above, an effect similar to that in the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve can have a simplified structure.
  • power consumption in electromagnet 40 can be reduced and heat generation is also small, cooling of electromagnet 40 may not be necessary.
  • Hydraulic pump 74 in FIG. 10 may be provided separately from the pump accompanying the engine, for initial drive of the electromagnetically driven valve.
  • Air supply pipe 86 in FIG. 11 may be connected to a negative pressure pump provided for initial drive of the electromagnetically driven valve, instead of intake port 84 .
  • the direction in which the moving element is moved by hydraulic cylinder 71 or by air cylinder 81 may ultimately be a direction in which valve-opening side moving element 21 and valve-closing side moving element 70 are caused to oscillate from the intermediate position to the valve-closing position.
  • the electromagnetically driven valve according to the present embodiment may be a rotary drive type electromagnetically driven valve including a moving element and an electromagnet having a valve-closing core portion and a valve-opening core portion arranged above and below the moving elements respectively and formed by winding a monocoil around the core portions.
  • the structure of the electromagnetically driven valves described in the first to fifth embodiments may be combined as appropriate to configure a new electromagnetically driven valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
US11/443,121 2005-06-01 2006-05-31 Electromagnetically driven valve Abandoned US20060272603A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005-161609 2005-06-01
JP2005161609A JP2006336737A (ja) 2005-06-01 2005-06-01 電磁駆動弁

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US20060272603A1 true US20060272603A1 (en) 2006-12-07

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US11/443,121 Abandoned US20060272603A1 (en) 2005-06-01 2006-05-31 Electromagnetically driven valve

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US (1) US20060272603A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1886004B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2006336737A (de)
CN (1) CN101103180A (de)
DE (1) DE602006003335D1 (de)
WO (1) WO2006129831A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070221873A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2007-09-27 Yutaka Sugie Electromagnetically Driven Valve
CN114883156A (zh) * 2022-07-12 2022-08-09 东莞市中汇瑞德电子股份有限公司 电磁操作机构内置式断路器

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6516758B1 (en) * 1998-11-16 2003-02-11 Heinz Leiber Electromagnetic drive
US20040149944A1 (en) * 2003-01-28 2004-08-05 Hopper Mark L. Electromechanical valve actuator
US20050076865A1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2005-04-14 Hopper Mark L. Electromechanical valve actuator beginning of stroke damper

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3175241B2 (ja) * 1991-10-17 2001-06-11 いすゞ自動車株式会社 エンジン吸排気用電磁駆動バルブ
WO1997017561A1 (en) * 1994-11-09 1997-05-15 Aura Systems, Inc. Hinged armature electromagnetically actuated valve
DE10018114A1 (de) * 2000-04-12 2001-10-25 Heinz Leiber Elektromagnetischer Aktuator zur Betätigung eines Stellglieds

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6516758B1 (en) * 1998-11-16 2003-02-11 Heinz Leiber Electromagnetic drive
US20040149944A1 (en) * 2003-01-28 2004-08-05 Hopper Mark L. Electromechanical valve actuator
US20050076865A1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2005-04-14 Hopper Mark L. Electromechanical valve actuator beginning of stroke damper

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070221873A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2007-09-27 Yutaka Sugie Electromagnetically Driven Valve
CN114883156A (zh) * 2022-07-12 2022-08-09 东莞市中汇瑞德电子股份有限公司 电磁操作机构内置式断路器

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EP1886004A1 (de) 2008-02-13
WO2006129831A1 (en) 2006-12-07
EP1886004B1 (de) 2008-10-22
CN101103180A (zh) 2008-01-09
JP2006336737A (ja) 2006-12-14
DE602006003335D1 (de) 2008-12-04

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