US20060096732A1 - Method of refinement of microstructure of metallic materials - Google Patents

Method of refinement of microstructure of metallic materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060096732A1
US20060096732A1 US09/158,099 US15809998A US2006096732A1 US 20060096732 A1 US20060096732 A1 US 20060096732A1 US 15809998 A US15809998 A US 15809998A US 2006096732 A1 US2006096732 A1 US 2006096732A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
metallic material
microstructure
metal
magnetic field
solidifying
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Abandoned
Application number
US09/158,099
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English (en)
Inventor
Kenji Miwa
Toshiyuki Nishio
Alireza Radjai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
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Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
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Publication date
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Assigned to JAPAN AS REPRESENTED BY DIRECTOR GENERAL OF AGENCY OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NEW ENERGY AND INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION reassignment JAPAN AS REPRESENTED BY DIRECTOR GENERAL OF AGENCY OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MIWA, KENJI, NISHIO, TOSHIYUKI, RADJAI, ALIREZA
Publication of US20060096732A1 publication Critical patent/US20060096732A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons
    • C22F3/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons by solidifying a melt controlled by supersonic waves or electric or magnetic fields

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for refining a microstructure of metallic materials. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of refinement of microstructure of metallic materials characterized in that allows microstructure of metallic materials to be refined irrespective of the type of metal or refining agent, wherein high-energy vibration force such as electromagnetic vibrating force, ultrasonic vibrating force, or the like is applied directly to molten metallic materials.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for refining solid metal particles by the above-described method to move them to a prescribed location.
  • Methods for refining microstructure of metallic materials are broadly classified into two types such that methods in which refining agents are added to molten metallic materials to refine the microstructure of the metallic materials solidified, and methods in which the solid metallic materials are subjected to forming processes and heat treatments to refine the microstructure thereof.
  • refining agents act as nuclei for the solid metal crystal particles to be formed during solidification, yielding a refined microstructure that corresponds to the dispersion state of the refining agents
  • microstructures refined are obtained by recrystallization of the metals generated by heat treatments that follow forming processes such as rolling, extrusion, or the like.
  • An objective of the present invention is to overcome these subjects.
  • the present invention provides a method for refining microstructure of metallic materials.
  • the present invention relates to a method which comprises forming cavitation (cavities) in molten metal by the application of high-energy vibrating force to a metal in the process of solidification, and crushing the newly formed solid crystal particles by the impact pressure generated during the collapse of the cavities to refine the microstructure of the material.
  • High-energy electromagnetic vibrating force is applied to a solidifying metal sample 10 by the simultaneous imposition of an electric current and a magnetic-field in an apparatus comprising an electromagnet 12 for applying a stationary magnetic field and an electrode 11 for passing an alternating current through the metal sample, so that the solid crystal particles are crushed into small pieces, yielding a fine microstructure thereof.
  • an objective of the present invention is to provide a novel method for refining microstructure of metallic materials that capable of refining the microstructure thereof irrespective of the type or composition of the metallic materials.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for refining microstructure of metallic materials that facilitates refining even for metals that have been difficult to refine in the past.
  • Still another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for refining microstructure of metallic materials to move it to a prescribed location.
  • a method for refining microstructure of metallic materials characterized in that comprises forming cavitation (cavities) in molten metal by the direct application of high-energy vibrating force such as electromagnetic vibrating force, ultrasonic vibrating force to the molten metal, crushing the resulting solid metal crystal particles into small pieces by the impact pressure generated during the collapse of the cavities, and yielding a refined microstructure thereof.
  • high-energy vibrating force such as electromagnetic vibrating force, ultrasonic vibrating force
  • a method for refining microstructure of metallic materials characterized in that comprises forming cavitation (cavities) in molten metal by the direct application of high-energy vibrating force such as electromagnetic vibrating force, ultrasonic vibrating force to the molten metal, crushing solid particles of other metals, intermetallic compounds, or the like dispersed in the molten metal as well as the solid metal formed during solidification into small pieces by the impact pressure generated during the collapse of the cavities, and yielding refined microstructure thereof.
  • high-energy vibrating force such as electromagnetic vibrating force, ultrasonic vibrating force
  • a method for refining microstructure of metallic materials characterized in that comprises forming cavitation (cavities) in molten metal by the direct application of high-energy vibrating force such as electromagnetic vibrating force, ultrasonic vibrating force to the molten metal, crushing the solid particulate ceramics or other nonmetals dispersed in the molten metal as well as the solid metal formed during solidification into small pieces by the impact pressure generated during the collapse of the cavities, and yielding refined microstructure thereof.
  • high-energy vibrating force such as electromagnetic vibrating force, ultrasonic vibrating force
  • the invention of this application is characterized in that the microstructure of metallic materials is refined by the direct application of high-energy vibrating force to them.
  • the electromagnetic vibrating force is a Lorentz force that can only be generated when an electric current and a magnetic field are applied simultaneously.
  • Electromagnetic vibrating force and ultrasonic vibrating force are exemplified as specific examples of high-energy vibrating force, but these examples are not all-encompassing and include all other types of force capable of exerting high-energy vibrating force on molten metal in the same manner.
  • the high-energy vibrating force is applied to molten metal, in which case it is preferable for the high-energy vibrating force to be applied to solidifying metal.
  • molten metal refers to a metal that is completely liquefied which kept at a temperature above its melting point.
  • solidifying metal refers to a liquid metal containing solid metal crystals that form at a temperature below the melting point.
  • the present invention can be adequately applied, for example, to aluminum alloys such as Al—Si alloys or magnesium alloys, but a distinctive feature of the present invention is that it allows any refining agent or metal to be used, and that, in particular, there is no dependence on the type or composition of metal.
  • the microstructure thereof is refined by forming cavitation (cavities) in the molten metal and allowing the impact pressure generated during the collapse of the cavities to crush the resulting solid metal crystal particles into small pieces.
  • a solidified microstructure of metallic materials can therefore be refined as well.
  • the high-energy vibrating force should be applied during (in the process of) solidification. It is difficult to form cavitation (cavities) when high-energy vibrating force is applied to metallic materials after solidification thereof, and therefore there is a possibility that the solid metal crystal particles will not be crushed.
  • Silicon crystals as initially crystallized particles in a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy can, for example, be refined to a crystal particle diameter of 0.5-3.0 ⁇ m by the method for refining microstructure of metallic materials through application of high-energy vibrating force in accordance with the present invention.
  • the present invention also allows solid particles of other metals, intermetallic compounds, or the like, as well as solid particulate ceramics or other nonmetals dispersed in molten metal to be crushed in the same manner as the solid metal formed during solidification
  • the method of the present invention allows, for example, 20- to 30- ⁇ m silicon carbide particles dispersed in an aluminum alloy to be refined to a size of 0.1-2.0 ⁇ m.
  • the solid metal particles formed during solidification can be refined to move them to a prescribed location by the simultaneous application of electric current and magnetic field to the molten metal in the process of final solidification thereof.
  • the solid metal formed during solidification can be refined to shift it to the periphery of a cylindrical tube or container disposed such that the axial direction of the cylinder is orthogonal to the magnetic field; solid particles of other metals, intermetallic compounds, or the like, as well as solid particulate ceramics or other nonmetals dispersed in molten metal can be shifted in the same manner as the solid metal formed during solidification to the periphery of a cylindrical tube or container disposed in the same manner as the solid metal; and the aforementioned solid particles can be refined to move them to a separate location the inside tube or container from the location of the initial dispersed state.
  • the shifting locations can be concentrated in the end portion of a sample by moving the sample within the magnetic field.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an apparatus suitable for implementing the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the apparatus for implementing the present invention.
  • 10 is a metal sample
  • 11 is an electrode disposed in contact therewith
  • 12 is an electromagnetic coil disposed such that it envelops the metal sample.
  • Electromagnetic vibrating force was applied to an Al-17% Si alloy in the process of final solidification in order to refine the alloy.
  • the refined silicon particles as initially crystallized in a uniformly dispersed sample could be moved to the surface of the surrounding walls of a cylindrical tube.
  • an alloy obtained by dispersing Fe 3 P particles in zinc, and an alloy obtained by dispersing SiC particles in an aluminum alloy could also be moved to the surface of the surrounding walls of the cylindrical tube in the same manner as in the case of the Al-17% Si alloy.
  • the present invention relates to a method for refining microstructure of metallic materials characterized in that comprises forming cavitation (cavities) in molten metal by the direct application of high-energy vibrating force such as electromagnetic vibrating force, ultrasonic vibrating force to the molten metal, and crushing the resulting solid metal crystal particles into small pieces by the impact pressure generated during the collapse of the cavities, and yielding a refined microstructure of the metal.
  • the present invention allows microstructure of metallic materials to be readily refined to the level of fine particles without the use of refining agents and without any relation to the type or composition of the metal. It is also possible to refine solid particles of other metals, intermetallic compounds, or the like dispersed in the molten metal. It is further possible to shift solid metal particles and solid particles dispersed in molten metal toward the periphery of a tube or container.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US09/158,099 1997-09-22 1998-09-22 Method of refinement of microstructure of metallic materials Abandoned US20060096732A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9275330A JP3007947B2 (ja) 1997-09-22 1997-09-22 金属組織微細化法
JP9-275330 1997-09-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060096732A1 true US20060096732A1 (en) 2006-05-11

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US (1) US20060096732A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3007947B2 (ja)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010051675A1 (zh) * 2008-11-05 2010-05-14 江苏大学 一种磁场与超声场耦合作用下熔体反应合成金属基复合材料的方法
US20120042993A1 (en) * 2010-08-23 2012-02-23 Babcock & Wilcox Technical Services Y-12, Llc Control of Microstructure in Soldered, Brazed, Welded, Plated, Cast or Vapor Deposited Manufactured Components
GB2598523A (en) * 2014-10-16 2022-03-02 Glassy Metals Llc Method and apparatus for supercooling of metal/ alloy melts and for the formation of amorphous metals therefrom

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4683695B2 (ja) * 2000-07-06 2011-05-18 新日本製鐵株式会社 微細な凝固組織を有する鋳片または鋳塊の鋳造方法及びその鋳造装置
JP4737866B2 (ja) * 2001-05-09 2011-08-03 新日本製鐵株式会社 微細な凝固組織を有する鋳片または鋳塊の鋳造方法及びその鋳造装置
JP4701377B2 (ja) * 2003-09-25 2011-06-15 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 金属ガラス体、その製造方法及び装置
JP4836244B2 (ja) * 2006-02-14 2011-12-14 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 鋳造方法
WO2008113238A1 (fr) * 2007-03-21 2008-09-25 Wuhan Jingtai Technology Co., Ltd Procédé accroissant la résistance à l'usure de matériaux métalliques et ses applications
JP5328569B2 (ja) 2009-08-27 2013-10-30 トヨタ自動車株式会社 微細結晶組織を有するＡｌ−Ｓｉ系合金、その製造方法、その製造装置及びその鋳物の製造方法
JP5413815B2 (ja) * 2010-08-25 2014-02-12 日本軽金属株式会社 アルミニウム合金の製造方法及び鋳造装置
CN105970134B (zh) * 2016-05-04 2018-03-02 上海大学 电流高通量制备金属凝固和热处理试样的装置和方法
CN116356234A (zh) * 2021-12-21 2023-06-30 重庆大学 基于涡流的非接触式金属晶粒精准调控系统

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010051675A1 (zh) * 2008-11-05 2010-05-14 江苏大学 一种磁场与超声场耦合作用下熔体反应合成金属基复合材料的方法
US20120042993A1 (en) * 2010-08-23 2012-02-23 Babcock & Wilcox Technical Services Y-12, Llc Control of Microstructure in Soldered, Brazed, Welded, Plated, Cast or Vapor Deposited Manufactured Components
US9181611B2 (en) * 2010-08-23 2015-11-10 Consolidated Nuclear Security, LLC Control of microstructure in soldered, brazed, welded, plated, cast or vapor deposited manufactured components
GB2598523A (en) * 2014-10-16 2022-03-02 Glassy Metals Llc Method and apparatus for supercooling of metal/ alloy melts and for the formation of amorphous metals therefrom
GB2598523B (en) * 2014-10-16 2022-06-01 Glassy Metals Llc Method and apparatus for supercooling of metal/ alloy melts and for the formation of amorphous metals therefrom

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH1190615A (ja) 1999-04-06
JP3007947B2 (ja) 2000-02-14

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Effective date: 19980831

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