US20060035190A1 - Pore-type burner with silicon-carbide porous body - Google Patents

Pore-type burner with silicon-carbide porous body Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060035190A1
US20060035190A1 US11/252,344 US25234405A US2006035190A1 US 20060035190 A1 US20060035190 A1 US 20060035190A1 US 25234405 A US25234405 A US 25234405A US 2006035190 A1 US2006035190 A1 US 2006035190A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pore
type burner
woven fabric
burner according
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/252,344
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English (en)
Inventor
Michael Hoetger
Walter Thiele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SGL Carbon SE
Original Assignee
SGL Carbon SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102004006824A external-priority patent/DE102004006824B4/de
Application filed by SGL Carbon SE filed Critical SGL Carbon SE
Publication of US20060035190A1 publication Critical patent/US20060035190A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F23C99/006—Flameless combustion stabilised within a bed of porous heat-resistant material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/145—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/104—Grids, e.g. honeycomb grids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/10—Burner material specifications ceramic
    • F23D2212/105—Particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14582—Special features of gas burners with outlets consisting of layers of spherical particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pore-type burner for burning a fuel/air mixture for the purpose of generating a hot flue gas.
  • the burner includes a housing in which a pore material consisting of porous, high-temperature-resistant silicon carbide (SiC) is provided for combustion.
  • Such a pore-type burner is employed, for example, in order to apply a hot stream of flue gas to a steam superheater.
  • the steam arising in the steam superheater has high temperatures and is under intense pressure.
  • the energy stored in the steam can then be made usable in the form of mechanical or electrical energy, for example as a result of decompression in an expansion engine for the purpose of driving a generator.
  • the hotter the steam and the higher the pressure the better the efficiency of such machines.
  • the pore-type burners for generating a hot stream of flue gas differ, in particular, from a pure radiation burner in which only the radiant heat of the burner is utilized and the flue gas arising is drawn off as a secondary product via a chimney or an exhaust-air pipe.
  • Such radiation burners are, for example, artificial open fires or radiation burners for the purpose of drying lacquer coatings.
  • the radiant heat of a pore-type burner can also be utilized, the significant portion of the energy transferred to the steam-generator comes from the flue gas.
  • a pore-type burner for the combustion of a fuel/oxidizing-agent mixture is known from German patent DE 199 39 951 C2.
  • the pore-type burner is filled with globular filling materials.
  • the size of the pores that arise is determined by the size of the filling materials.
  • the prior art pore-type burner is designed in such a way that an excessive temperature in the reaction chamber is avoided by means of an additional cooling gas.
  • German patent DE 195 27 583 C2 describes a pore-type burner, which contains porous material that exhibits spatially contiguous cavities which are formed from a packing consisting of heat-proof wire material, foil material or sheet-metal material. A defined flame zone forms in these cavities. The material is not suitable for high temperatures.
  • pore-type burners are known—for example, from U.S. Pat. No. 5,890,886—which are filled with a ceramic that is formed with a plurality of cavities.
  • Other foam ceramics, metallic foams or metallic sponges are also known, from German published patent application DE 196 21 638 A1 for example. These foams or sponges have the disadvantage that they are expensive to manufacture. In addition, they are very sensitive to mechanical and thermal loads. They tear or crack in the event of excessive loading, resulting in diminished performance and increased emission of noxious substances.
  • German published patent application DE 198 47 042 A1 describes a highly porous burner mat, which consists of metallic or ceramic fibers that are welded to one another in irregular structures.
  • the mat is provided with holes, through which the gas flows. Regions of varying flow velocities arise, by virtue of which an irregular carpet of flame arises which lifts off from the surface of the mat.
  • a pore-type burner for burning a fuel/air mixture for generating a hot flue gas comprising:
  • porous body with pore material formed of porous, high-temperature-resistant silicon carbide disposed in said housing, said pore material being formed of siliconized woven carbon fabric disposed in an ordered, regular structure.
  • the objects of the invention are achieved by the porous body comprising siliconized woven carbon fabric that is/are disposed in an ordered, regular structure.
  • the invention is based on the perception that the properties of a pore-type burner can be influenced if the pore structure is capable of being produced for a specific purpose. An interweaving of the hard and brittle material silicon carbide is not possible. However, by siliconizing a suitably shaped woven carbon fabric it is possible to create an appropriately configured woven-fabric structure consisting of SiC.
  • the siliconized woven fabric is capable of being produced inexpensively. It withstands mechanical and thermal loads very well.
  • the mesh width and planar shape of the woven fabric are just as individually adaptable as are its size and contours, so an optimization of the properties of the burners is possible when use is made of materials of such a type by way of a porous body for pore-type burners.
  • the woven fabric consisting of silicon carbide has a shape diverging from a plane surface. A plurality of pieces of woven fabric can then be arranged in layers on top of one another. In this way, a three-dimensional configuration is created with which the pore-type burner is capable of being filled, without additional spacers or the like.
  • the woven fabric may be shaped in an undulating manner, i.e., with a rounded corrugation. But other shapes are also possible, such as a profile that is sawtooth-shaped or box-shaped in cross-section. Then, in order to obtain a small pore size, on the one hand the parameters of the woven fabric may be kept small, and on the other hand the wavy shape may then be composed of a plurality of small undulations.
  • the woven fabric may consist of completely siliconized fibers. But for some applications it may also be sensible for the woven fabric to be partially siliconized and to contain a core consisting of pure carbon.
  • the ordered structures are designed in such a way that zones of varying porosity are formed.
  • the porous body of the burner may be designed in two or more zones of varying pore size.
  • the inlet-side part of the porous body then exhibits a smaller pore size than the outlet-side porous body.
  • the pore size can be realized particularly well by virtue of the selected woven fabric and its arrangement—such as, for example, its stacking.
  • the fine-pored part is produced from materials forming conventional pores, whereas the coarse-pored part consists of siliconized woven carbon fabric.
  • the material of the fine-pored part is preferably poorly conducting, so that a transfer of heat out of the combustion zone into the premixing zone is avoided. In this way, a backfiring of the flames is prevented.
  • the axes of curvature of the undulations of a piece of woven fabric may lie in a plane, and the pieces of woven fabric may be arranged above one another in such a manner that the projections of the wave normals onto such a plane defined by the axes of curvature extend perpendicular to one another.
  • the wave normals then preferably each form an angle of approximately 45° relative to the direction of flow of the flue gas.
  • a wave normal here is the perpendicular to a wavefront; it lies in the plane defined by the axes of curvature.
  • the pore structure is formed from stacked undulating SiC mats. In this case the individual planes are arranged rotated by an angle of approximately 90° in relation to one another.
  • This arrangement is particularly favorable for the combustion behavior of the burner.
  • the structure that is flowed through in such a way is designated as a static mixer.
  • the fuel and the combustion air are mixed with one another in such a way that the fuel is burnt in a particularly low-emission manner and completely.
  • the housing of the burner is preferably provided with an insulating layer. In this way, an undesirable convective transfer of heat through the housing into the periphery of the burner is avoided.
  • the wall of the housing may be flowed through by a cooling medium which is either conducted away separately into the environment or mixed with the hot flue gas in the outlet region of the burner.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective representation of a pore-type burner
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail from a piece of woven fabric shaped in a corrugation and consisting of silicon carbide
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section through a schematically represented pore-type burner.
  • FIG. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3 and shows the outlet of a pore-type burner.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a schematic representation of a pore-type burner 10 .
  • the pore-type burner consists of a housing 12 , into which a fuel-gas/air mixture is introduced.
  • the direction of flow of the inflowing gas is represented by the arrows 14 .
  • a plurality of pieces of woven fabric 16 are arranged in layers on top of one another.
  • the pores are smaller, and in a second zone 20 the pores are larger.
  • the porous material of the first zone 18 is not represented.
  • an oxidation takes place in the pores without genuine formation of flame.
  • hot flue gas arises which is represented in FIG.
  • the flue gas is utilized in order to heat a steam-generator.
  • the steam-generator there is the possibility of arranging the steam-generator within the radiation field of the pore-type burner 10 , so that not only the heat transferred by the flue gas but, in addition, the radiant heat is also utilized.
  • the pieces of woven fabric 16 are represented again in FIG. 2 in detail. They consist of a substantially rectangular, net-like woven fabric. A plurality of these pieces of woven fabric 16 are arranged in layers one on top of the other. Each piece of woven fabric 16 is curved in an undulating manner, or corrugated, about an axis of curvature 37 . The pieces of woven fabric are arranged in layers on top of one another in such a way that the crests 24 and troughs 26 of the curvatures are always situated on top of one another, offset alternately by substantially 90 degrees. This is evident in FIG. 3 . For instance, the piece of woven fabric 30 rests on the piece of woven fabric 28 , offset by 90 degrees.
  • the pore-type burner is filled up completely with the pieces of woven fabric 16 .
  • a pore structure forms that allows a particularly good, uniform evolution of flame.
  • the porous body is flowed through by the fuel/air mixture parallel to the planes of the individual layers of woven fabric and in the direction of the bisectors 34 of the angle of rotation between the wave normals 35 and the wave normals 39 of the layers.
  • the pore-type burner 10 has a rectangular cross-section and is therefore also filled with rectangular pieces of woven fabric 16 .
  • the shape of the pieces of woven fabric is also adapted correspondingly.
  • a coolant flows through the housing 12 of the pore-type burner.
  • the cooling air in this case is fed separately into a cooling duct 38 ( FIG. 4 ) of the housing 12 and is mixed with the flue gas at the outlet 40 .
  • the pore size can be influenced through the size of the woven-fabric meshes 32 , the radii of curvature of the wave troughs and wave peaks, and the number of curvatures per piece of woven fabric.
  • the pore size is smaller in zone 18 ( FIG. 1 ) and larger in zone 20 .
  • the pieces of woven fabric consist of silicon carbide.
  • Silicon carbide is a carbidic ceramic material and as such is not weavable.
  • For the purpose of producing woven fabric of such a type use is therefore made of a woven carbon fabric which is brought into the appropriate shape and then siliconized.
  • Various processes are suitable for the purpose of siliconizing. In the case of the liquid siliconizing process, molten silicon is infiltrated into a porous substrate consisting of carbon-fiber-reinforced carbon (C/C) and is caused to react directly with the carbon of the matrix so as to form SiC.
  • C/C carbon-fiber-reinforced carbon
  • the siliconized pieces of woven fabric 16 are stiff and can be inserted into the burner without further change of shape.
  • the material is resistant to high temperature.
  • the production process for planar SiC structures is inexpensive, compared with sponge-like ceramic bodies, and the mechanical and thermal load-bearing capacity is significantly higher in comparison with ceramic sponges.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
US11/252,344 2003-04-16 2005-10-17 Pore-type burner with silicon-carbide porous body Abandoned US20060035190A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10317857 2003-04-18
DE10317857.0 2003-04-18
DE102004006824.0 2004-02-11
DE102004006824A DE102004006824B4 (de) 2003-04-18 2004-02-11 Porenbrenner mit Siliziumkarbid-Porenkörper
PCT/EP2004/003968 WO2004092646A1 (de) 2003-04-16 2004-04-15 Porenbrenner mit siliziumkarbid-porenkörper

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2004/003968 Continuation WO2004092646A1 (de) 2003-04-16 2004-04-15 Porenbrenner mit siliziumkarbid-porenkörper

Publications (1)

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US20060035190A1 true US20060035190A1 (en) 2006-02-16

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US11/252,344 Abandoned US20060035190A1 (en) 2003-04-16 2005-10-17 Pore-type burner with silicon-carbide porous body

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20060035190A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1618336B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2006523815A (ja)
WO (1) WO2004092646A1 (ja)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090208393A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2009-08-20 Lothar Wenzel Device for removing harmful constituents from exhaust gases of internal combustion engines
US20100314809A1 (en) * 2006-05-16 2010-12-16 Schlueter Jochen Heating Device for Preheating a Liquid-Metal Transfer Container
EP2314917A2 (en) 2009-10-22 2011-04-27 Atomic Energy Council - Institute of Nuclear Energy Research Porous-medium burning apparatus
CN102287819A (zh) * 2011-07-01 2011-12-21 中国计量学院 一种燃用低热值气体燃料的多孔介质燃烧器
CN105339539A (zh) * 2013-07-02 2016-02-17 贝卡尔特燃烧技术股份有限公司 气体预混燃烧器
WO2017156440A1 (en) * 2016-03-10 2017-09-14 Selas Heat Technology Company Llc High intensity gas fired infrared emitter
US9797595B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2017-10-24 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Fuel combustion system with a perforated reaction holder
US10571124B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2020-02-25 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Selectable dilution low NOx burner
WO2021022584A1 (zh) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 东北大学 一种角型多孔介质燃烧器
US11015802B2 (en) * 2016-08-08 2021-05-25 Sunggwang E&Tech Co., Ltd. Burner using high-temperature combustion catalyst

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014216430A1 (de) * 2014-08-19 2016-02-25 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Porenkörper, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Verbrennungszone eines Porenbrenners, sowie Porenbrenner mit einem derartigen Porenkörper

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3155142A (en) * 1961-02-13 1964-11-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Radiant gas burner
US3726633A (en) * 1970-11-30 1973-04-10 Thermo Electron Corp Low pollutant-high thermal efficiency burner
US4895513A (en) * 1987-08-06 1990-01-23 Br Laboratories, Inc. Heat resistant combustion element
US5026273A (en) * 1988-07-15 1991-06-25 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. High temperature combuster
US5346389A (en) * 1989-02-24 1994-09-13 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Combustion apparatus for high-temperature environment
US5633081A (en) * 1986-03-24 1997-05-27 Ensci Inc. Coated porous substrates
US5720933A (en) * 1996-03-11 1998-02-24 Srinivasan; Makuteswara Process for preparing ceramic fibers
US5890886A (en) * 1997-07-21 1999-04-06 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Burner for heating systems
US5989013A (en) * 1997-01-28 1999-11-23 Alliedsignal Composites Inc. Reverberatory screen for a radiant burner
US6386862B1 (en) * 1999-03-16 2002-05-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Catalytic combustion apparatus
US6635339B1 (en) * 1996-05-30 2003-10-21 Frauhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E V Open-cell expanded ceramic with a high level of strength, and process for the production thereof
US20040091831A1 (en) * 2001-03-26 2004-05-13 Jochen Volkert Burner for a gas and air mixture

Family Cites Families (2)

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JPS62216981A (ja) * 1986-03-15 1987-09-24 イビデン株式会社 炭化珪素質複合材料の製造方法
DE29611022U1 (de) * 1995-06-22 1996-08-14 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 42859 Remscheid Vollvormischender atmosphärischer Strahlungsbrenner

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3155142A (en) * 1961-02-13 1964-11-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Radiant gas burner
US3726633A (en) * 1970-11-30 1973-04-10 Thermo Electron Corp Low pollutant-high thermal efficiency burner
US5633081A (en) * 1986-03-24 1997-05-27 Ensci Inc. Coated porous substrates
US4895513A (en) * 1987-08-06 1990-01-23 Br Laboratories, Inc. Heat resistant combustion element
US5026273A (en) * 1988-07-15 1991-06-25 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. High temperature combuster
US5346389A (en) * 1989-02-24 1994-09-13 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Combustion apparatus for high-temperature environment
US5720933A (en) * 1996-03-11 1998-02-24 Srinivasan; Makuteswara Process for preparing ceramic fibers
US6635339B1 (en) * 1996-05-30 2003-10-21 Frauhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E V Open-cell expanded ceramic with a high level of strength, and process for the production thereof
US5989013A (en) * 1997-01-28 1999-11-23 Alliedsignal Composites Inc. Reverberatory screen for a radiant burner
US5890886A (en) * 1997-07-21 1999-04-06 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Burner for heating systems
US6386862B1 (en) * 1999-03-16 2002-05-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Catalytic combustion apparatus
US20040091831A1 (en) * 2001-03-26 2004-05-13 Jochen Volkert Burner for a gas and air mixture

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090208393A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2009-08-20 Lothar Wenzel Device for removing harmful constituents from exhaust gases of internal combustion engines
US20100314809A1 (en) * 2006-05-16 2010-12-16 Schlueter Jochen Heating Device for Preheating a Liquid-Metal Transfer Container
US8357327B2 (en) * 2006-05-16 2013-01-22 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Heating device for preheating a liquid-metal transfer container
EP2314917A2 (en) 2009-10-22 2011-04-27 Atomic Energy Council - Institute of Nuclear Energy Research Porous-medium burning apparatus
CN102287819A (zh) * 2011-07-01 2011-12-21 中国计量学院 一种燃用低热值气体燃料的多孔介质燃烧器
US10571124B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2020-02-25 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Selectable dilution low NOx burner
US9797595B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2017-10-24 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Fuel combustion system with a perforated reaction holder
US10337729B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2019-07-02 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Fuel combustion system with a perforated reaction holder
US11156356B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2021-10-26 Clearsign Technologies Corporation Fuel combustion system with a perforated reaction holder
CN105339539A (zh) * 2013-07-02 2016-02-17 贝卡尔特燃烧技术股份有限公司 气体预混燃烧器
WO2017156440A1 (en) * 2016-03-10 2017-09-14 Selas Heat Technology Company Llc High intensity gas fired infrared emitter
US11015802B2 (en) * 2016-08-08 2021-05-25 Sunggwang E&Tech Co., Ltd. Burner using high-temperature combustion catalyst
WO2021022584A1 (zh) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 东北大学 一种角型多孔介质燃烧器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1618336A1 (de) 2006-01-25
EP1618336B1 (de) 2011-06-29
JP2006523815A (ja) 2006-10-19
WO2004092646A1 (de) 2004-10-28

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