US20050280192A1 - Zirconia refractories for making steel - Google Patents

Zirconia refractories for making steel Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050280192A1
US20050280192A1 US10/869,362 US86936204A US2005280192A1 US 20050280192 A1 US20050280192 A1 US 20050280192A1 US 86936204 A US86936204 A US 86936204A US 2005280192 A1 US2005280192 A1 US 2005280192A1
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Prior art keywords
weight
strip
steel
percent
making steel
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US10/869,362
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Graham Carson
Robert Nooning
David Sosinsky
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Nucor Corp
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Individual
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Priority to US10/869,362 priority Critical patent/US20050280192A1/en
Assigned to NUCOR CORPORATION reassignment NUCOR CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CARSON, GRAHAM, NOONING, ROBERT, SOSINSKY, DAVID
Priority to KR1020067026484A priority patent/KR20070051785A/en
Priority to AU2005254119A priority patent/AU2005254119A1/en
Priority to RU2007101388/02A priority patent/RU2007101388A/en
Priority to JP2007515740A priority patent/JP2008502481A/en
Priority to PCT/AU2005/000870 priority patent/WO2005123301A1/en
Priority to EP05749395A priority patent/EP1771266A4/en
Priority to CNA2005800201368A priority patent/CN101014431A/en
Publication of US20050280192A1 publication Critical patent/US20050280192A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • B22D41/52—Manufacturing or repairing thereof
    • B22D41/54—Manufacturing or repairing thereof characterised by the materials used therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/064—Accessories therefor for supplying molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/02—Linings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to making of steel, and more particularly to making of steel by continuous casting.
  • the invention has application in making steel by casting steel strip.
  • molten steel is delivered to a caster from a ladle through a tundish and melt delivery system including a shroud, a delivery nozzle and sometimes a transition piece.
  • These metal delivery components deliver molten steel at 1500 to 1600° C., or more, to the caster through refractories which are capable of withstanding the high temperatures in the process of casting molten steels. These refractories may also be preheated to the delivery temperature to avoid thermal shock when the molten steel is introduced through the delivery system.
  • These metal delivery components are used in continuous casting by, among others, thick slab casters, thin slab casters and thin strip casters. Illustrative of the refractory materials for such metal delivery components particularly useful in thin strip casting are those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,924,476 and 6,257,315.
  • molten metal is typically introduced between a pair of counter rotated horizontally positioned casting rolls to form a nip between them.
  • the casting rolls are internally cooled so that metal shells solidify on the moving roll surfaces and are brought together at the nip to produce a cast strip delivered downwardly from the nip.
  • the term “nip” is used herein to refer to the general region at which the casting rolls are closest together.
  • the molten metal may be poured from a ladle into a smaller vessel from which the metal flows through a delivery nozzle located above the nip to form a casting pool supported on the casting surfaces.
  • the casting pool is supported on the casting rolls adjacent the nip and extending along the length of the nip.
  • the casting pool is usually confined between side plates or dams held in sliding engagement with end surfaces of the casting rolls so as to dam the two ends of the casting pool against outflow.
  • a problem in such metal delivery systems is that the molten slag tends to stick to the refractories of the delivery system. This has been known to occur even when the refractories are pre-heated to the temperature of the molten steel.
  • the buildup of slag that occurs on the refractories from the molten steel has a tendency to break away, and cause defects to form in the cast steel and on the surface of the cast steel. This is particularly true of the build up that occurs at the meniscus of the casting pool in thin strip casters.
  • the refractory material for such thin strip steelmaking is comprised of 50 to 85% zirconia (ZrO 2 ), 0 to 35% of silica (SiO 2 ), 5 to 35% carbon (C), less than 5% alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and an anti-oxidant. 1
  • the purity of the carbon used may be greater than 99.5%.
  • the refractory material may be stabilized with lime or magnesium oxide, and typically in an amount less than about 28%.
  • the refractory material has application in making delivery nozzles and transition piece nozzle blocks for use in making steel by continuous casting of steel strip.
  • the refractory material may by used, for example, in making a delivery nozzle for use in making steel by continuous casting of steel strip. 1 All percentages are stated percent by weight.
  • Also disclosed is a method of continuous casting of steel strip comprising the steps of:
  • the refractory material may have a zirconia (ZrO 2 ) content between 60 and 85%, and more specifically between 70 and 80% by weight.
  • the refractory material may have a carbon content between 8 and 30%, and more specifically between 10 and 20% by weight.
  • the zirconia may be stabilized or unstabilized, but again the refractory material may be stabilized with lime or magnesium oxide or a combination thereof to reduce wear on the refractory material during use.
  • the anti-oxidant inhibits oxidation of the other components of the refractory material, and may be any one or a combination of such materials that inhibits oxidation in the refractory material system.
  • the anti-oxidant may be present in an amount up to about 10% by weight.
  • antioxidants are, without limitation, Si metal, Al metal, silicon aluminum alloy and carbides such as boron carbide and silicon carbide.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the flow of molten steel through a metal delivery system into a twin-roll caster.
  • a twin-roll caster 11 comprises a main machine frame 21 which supports a pair of internally cooled casting rolls 22 having casting surfaces 22 A.
  • the casting rolls 22 are positioned laterally adjacent each other to form a nip 27 between them and through which cast steel strip may be formed.
  • the twin-roll caster may be as illustrated in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,184,668, 5,277,243 and 5,488,988, to which reference can be made for more detail.
  • Molten metal is supplied for the continuous casting of strip from the ladle (not shown) to a tundish 23 .
  • the molten metal is delivered through the metal delivery system by refractory lined shroud 24 to a transition piece nozzle block 25 , which is also refractory lined.
  • Stopper 18 is seated into refractory inlet 21 and attached to shroud 24 at connection 17 to regulate the flow of molten metal from the tundish 23 into the shroud 24 .
  • Stopper 18 is moveable to regulate the flow of molten metal from the tundish 23 into shroud 24 .
  • Transition piece nozzle block 25 is configured to generally enclose the molten metal from exposure to the outside atmosphere, with an overflow 19 through which molten metal can flow should the metal in the transition piece reach a point of overflowing.
  • the molten metal is delivered from the shroud 24 into transition piece 25 usually below the fill-line 16 of the molten metal in the transition piece to minimize exposure of the molten metal to air.
  • the molten metal is delivered to the casting pool 30 through a delivery nozzle 26 made of refractory material.
  • the upper surface 31 of the casting pool 30 (generally referred to as the meniscus level) may rise above the lower end of the delivery nozzle 26 so that the lower end of the delivery nozzle is immersed within the casting pool 30 , which is confined at the ends of the rolls by a pair of side closure dams or plates 28 .
  • Casting pool 30 is positioned above the nip 27 between the casting rolls 22 supported on the casting roll surfaces 22 A.
  • the casting rolls 22 are driven to counter-rotate, and the casting rolls 22 are cooled internally, usually with circulation of water.
  • shells of metal solidify from the casting pool 30 on the moving casting roll surfaces 22 A.
  • the shells are in turn brought together at the nip 27 between casting rolls 22 to produce solidified strip 12 delivered downwardly from the nip 27 .
  • the transition piece nozzle block 25 and the delivery nozzle 26 may be made of the refractory material of the present invention.
  • the refractory material is comprised of 50 to 85% by weight zirconia, 0 to 35% by weight of silica, less than 5% by weight alumina, 5 to 35% by weight carbon and an anti-oxidant.
  • the refractory material may have a zirconia (ZrO 2 ) content between 60 and 85%, and more specifically between 70 and 80% by weight.
  • the refractory material may have a carbon content between 8 and 30%, and more specifically between 10 and 20% by weight.
  • the anti-oxidant may be up to about 10% by weight, and may be, for example, Si metal, Al metal, silicon aluminum alloy or a carbide such as boron carbide or silicon carbide.
  • the refractory may be stabilized or unstabilized, but it may be stabilized with lime (CaO)Or magnesium oxide (MgO), or a combination thereof, to reduce wear on the refractory material during use in contact with molten steel.
  • the amount of lime or magnesium oxide may be in an amount less than about 28% by weight.
  • Such refractory material may have the following composition: Zirconia 74% Silica 06% Carbon 12%
  • the remainder of the chemical composition of the refractory may be other materials such as lime (e.g. 3%) which are purposefully added for stabilization, and impurities.
  • the refractory in any case is a carbon bonded silica graphite.
  • Typical physical properties of the refractory of the specific composition are as follows: Bulk density 3.70 g/cc Apparent Porosity 15% Modulus Rupture (rt) 1000 psi
  • the advantage of the refractory as described is that molten metal does not stick to the refractory and form slag as the molten metal flows through in contact with the refractory.
  • Such slag usually collects at the meniscus of the casting pool 30 , from where the slag breaks off and goes into the shells formed during solidification and into the strip 12 to produce defects in the strip and surface defects in the strip.
  • zirconia carbon refractories of the present invention such slag formation is inhibited and strip quality is improved in continuously making strip by the twin-roll caster.

Abstract

A refractory material for steelmaking is comprised of 50 to 95% zirconia (ZrO2), 0 to 35% of silica (SiO2), 5 to 35% carbon (C), less than 5% alumina (Al2O3) and anti-oxidant such as silicon (Si) metal and a carbide. The anti-oxidant may be in amounts up to about 10% by weight. The refractory material has application in making delivery nozzles and transition pieces. Disclosed also is a method of continuous casting steel strip comprising the steps of assembling a pair of casting rolls having a nip between them; assembling a delivery system for delivering molten steel to form a casting pool comprised of at least some refractory material for contacting the molten steel comprised of 50 to 95% zirconia, 0 to 35% silica, 5 to 35% carbon, less than 5% alumina and anti-oxidant and carbides, and rotating the casting rolls to form thin steel strip delivered downwardly through the nip.

Description

    BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY
  • This invention relates to making of steel, and more particularly to making of steel by continuous casting. The invention has application in making steel by casting steel strip.
  • In continuous casting of thin strip steel, molten steel is delivered to a caster from a ladle through a tundish and melt delivery system including a shroud, a delivery nozzle and sometimes a transition piece. These metal delivery components deliver molten steel at 1500 to 1600° C., or more, to the caster through refractories which are capable of withstanding the high temperatures in the process of casting molten steels. These refractories may also be preheated to the delivery temperature to avoid thermal shock when the molten steel is introduced through the delivery system. These metal delivery components are used in continuous casting by, among others, thick slab casters, thin slab casters and thin strip casters. Illustrative of the refractory materials for such metal delivery components particularly useful in thin strip casting are those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,924,476 and 6,257,315.
  • In thin strip casting, molten metal is typically introduced between a pair of counter rotated horizontally positioned casting rolls to form a nip between them. The casting rolls are internally cooled so that metal shells solidify on the moving roll surfaces and are brought together at the nip to produce a cast strip delivered downwardly from the nip. The term “nip” is used herein to refer to the general region at which the casting rolls are closest together. The molten metal may be poured from a ladle into a smaller vessel from which the metal flows through a delivery nozzle located above the nip to form a casting pool supported on the casting surfaces. The casting pool is supported on the casting rolls adjacent the nip and extending along the length of the nip. The casting pool is usually confined between side plates or dams held in sliding engagement with end surfaces of the casting rolls so as to dam the two ends of the casting pool against outflow.
  • A problem in such metal delivery systems is that the molten slag tends to stick to the refractories of the delivery system. This has been known to occur even when the refractories are pre-heated to the temperature of the molten steel. The buildup of slag that occurs on the refractories from the molten steel has a tendency to break away, and cause defects to form in the cast steel and on the surface of the cast steel. This is particularly true of the build up that occurs at the meniscus of the casting pool in thin strip casters.
  • We have found a refractory of particular composition that inhibits the buildup of the molten steel on refractories of a metal delivery system in continuous casting of steel. The refractory material for such thin strip steelmaking is comprised of 50 to 85% zirconia (ZrO2), 0 to 35% of silica (SiO2), 5 to 35% carbon (C), less than 5% alumina (Al2O3) and an anti-oxidant.1 The purity of the carbon used may be greater than 99.5%. The refractory material may be stabilized with lime or magnesium oxide, and typically in an amount less than about 28%. The refractory material has application in making delivery nozzles and transition piece nozzle blocks for use in making steel by continuous casting of steel strip. The refractory material may by used, for example, in making a delivery nozzle for use in making steel by continuous casting of steel strip.
    1 All percentages are stated percent by weight.
  • Also disclosed is a method of continuous casting of steel strip comprising the steps of:
      • a. assembling a pair of cooled casting rolls having a nip between them and with confining closure adjacent the ends of the nip;
      • b. assembling a metal delivery system for delivering a molten steel between the casting rolls to form a casting pool supported therebetween comprised of at least some refractory material for contacting the molten steel, the refractory material comprised of 50 to 85% zirconia, 0 to 35% silica, 5 to 35% carbon, less than 5% alumina and an anti-oxidant, and
      • c. counter rotating the casting rolls to form metal shells on the surfaces of the casting rolls and solidified thin steel strip delivered downwardly through the nip between the casting rolls.
  • The refractory material may have a zirconia (ZrO2) content between 60 and 85%, and more specifically between 70 and 80% by weight. The refractory material may have a carbon content between 8 and 30%, and more specifically between 10 and 20% by weight. The zirconia may be stabilized or unstabilized, but again the refractory material may be stabilized with lime or magnesium oxide or a combination thereof to reduce wear on the refractory material during use.
  • The anti-oxidant inhibits oxidation of the other components of the refractory material, and may be any one or a combination of such materials that inhibits oxidation in the refractory material system. The anti-oxidant may be present in an amount up to about 10% by weight. Examples of antioxidants are, without limitation, Si metal, Al metal, silicon aluminum alloy and carbides such as boron carbide and silicon carbide.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • In order that the invention may be more fully explained one particular embodiment is described with respect to continuously casting of steel strip and with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the flow of molten steel through a metal delivery system into a twin-roll caster.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
  • A twin-roll caster 11 comprises a main machine frame 21 which supports a pair of internally cooled casting rolls 22 having casting surfaces 22A. The casting rolls 22 are positioned laterally adjacent each other to form a nip 27 between them and through which cast steel strip may be formed. The twin-roll caster may be as illustrated in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,184,668, 5,277,243 and 5,488,988, to which reference can be made for more detail.
  • Molten metal is supplied for the continuous casting of strip from the ladle (not shown) to a tundish 23. From the tundish 23 the molten metal is delivered through the metal delivery system by refractory lined shroud 24 to a transition piece nozzle block 25, which is also refractory lined. Stopper 18 is seated into refractory inlet 21 and attached to shroud 24 at connection 17 to regulate the flow of molten metal from the tundish 23 into the shroud 24. Stopper 18 is moveable to regulate the flow of molten metal from the tundish 23 into shroud 24.
  • Transition piece nozzle block 25 is configured to generally enclose the molten metal from exposure to the outside atmosphere, with an overflow 19 through which molten metal can flow should the metal in the transition piece reach a point of overflowing. The molten metal is delivered from the shroud 24 into transition piece 25 usually below the fill-line 16 of the molten metal in the transition piece to minimize exposure of the molten metal to air.
  • From the transition piece nozzle block 25, the molten metal is delivered to the casting pool 30 through a delivery nozzle 26 made of refractory material. The upper surface 31 of the casting pool 30 (generally referred to as the meniscus level) may rise above the lower end of the delivery nozzle 26 so that the lower end of the delivery nozzle is immersed within the casting pool 30, which is confined at the ends of the rolls by a pair of side closure dams or plates 28.
  • Casting pool 30 is positioned above the nip 27 between the casting rolls 22 supported on the casting roll surfaces 22A. The casting rolls 22 are driven to counter-rotate, and the casting rolls 22 are cooled internally, usually with circulation of water. As the casting rolls rotate, shells of metal solidify from the casting pool 30 on the moving casting roll surfaces 22A. The shells are in turn brought together at the nip 27 between casting rolls 22 to produce solidified strip 12 delivered downwardly from the nip 27.
  • The transition piece nozzle block 25 and the delivery nozzle 26 may be made of the refractory material of the present invention. The refractory material is comprised of 50 to 85% by weight zirconia, 0 to 35% by weight of silica, less than 5% by weight alumina, 5 to 35% by weight carbon and an anti-oxidant. The refractory material may have a zirconia (ZrO2) content between 60 and 85%, and more specifically between 70 and 80% by weight. The refractory material may have a carbon content between 8 and 30%, and more specifically between 10 and 20% by weight. The anti-oxidant may be up to about 10% by weight, and may be, for example, Si metal, Al metal, silicon aluminum alloy or a carbide such as boron carbide or silicon carbide. The refractory may be stabilized or unstabilized, but it may be stabilized with lime (CaO)Or magnesium oxide (MgO), or a combination thereof, to reduce wear on the refractory material during use in contact with molten steel. The amount of lime or magnesium oxide may be in an amount less than about 28% by weight.
  • An example of such refractory material may have the following composition:
    Zirconia 74%
    Silica 06%
    Carbon
    12%
  • The remainder of the chemical composition of the refractory may be other materials such as lime (e.g. 3%) which are purposefully added for stabilization, and impurities. The refractory in any case is a carbon bonded silica graphite.
  • Typical physical properties of the refractory of the specific composition are as follows:
    Bulk density 3.70 g/cc
    Apparent Porosity 15%
    Modulus Rupture (rt) 1000 psi
  • The advantage of the refractory as described is that molten metal does not stick to the refractory and form slag as the molten metal flows through in contact with the refractory. Such slag usually collects at the meniscus of the casting pool 30, from where the slag breaks off and goes into the shells formed during solidification and into the strip 12 to produce defects in the strip and surface defects in the strip. With the zirconia carbon refractories of the present invention, such slag formation is inhibited and strip quality is improved in continuously making strip by the twin-roll caster.
  • While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the foregoing drawings and description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, it being understood that only illustrative embodiments thereof have been shown and described and that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the invention are desired to be protected. Additional features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the description. Modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (35)

1. A refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel comprising 50 to 85% by weight zirconia, 0 to 35% by weight silica, less than 5% alumina, 5 to 35% carbon and an anti-oxidant.
2. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the percent by weight of zirconia is between 60 and 85% by weight.
3. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the percent by weight of zirconia is between 70 and 80% by weight.
4. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the percent by weight of carbon is between 8 and 30% by weight.
5. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the percent by weight of carbon is between 10 and 20% by weight.
6. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the refractory material is stabilized with lime, magnesium oxide or a combination thereof.
7. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the anti-oxidant comprises up to about 10% by weight.
8. A refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel by continuous casting steel strip comprising 50 to 85% zirconia, 0 to 35% silica, less than 5% alumina, 5 to 35% carbon and an anti-oxidant.
9. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 8 wherein the percent by weight of zirconia is between 60 and 85% by weight.
10. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 8 wherein the percent by weight of zirconia is between 70 and 80% by weight.
11. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 8 wherein the percent by weight of carbon is between 8 and 30% by weight.
12. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 8 wherein the percent by weight of carbon is between 10 and 20% by weight.
13. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 8 wherein the refractory material is stabilized with lime, magnesium oxide or a combination thereof.
14. The refractory for molten metal delivery in making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 8 wherein the anti-oxidant comprises up to about 10% by weight.
15. A delivery nozzle for making steel by continuously casting steel strip having a composition comprising 50 to 85% zirconia, 0 to 35% silica, less than 5% alumina, 5 to 35% carbon, and an anti-oxidant.
16. The delivery nozzle for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 15 wherein the percent by weight of zirconia is between 60 and 85% by weight.
17. The delivery nozzle for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 15 wherein the percent by weight of zirconia is between 70 and 80% by weight.
18. The delivery nozzle for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 15 wherein the percent by weight of carbon is between 8 and 30% by weight.
19. The delivery nozzle for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 15 wherein the percent by weight of carbon is between 10 and 20% by weight.
20. The delivery nozzle for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 15 wherein the refractory material is stabilized with lime, magnesium oxide or a combination thereof.
21. The delivery nozzle for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 15 wherein the anti-oxidant comprises up to about 10% by weight.
22. A transition piece nozzle block for flow control in making steel by continuously casting steel strip having a composition comprising 50 to 85% zirconia, 0 to 35% silica, less than 5% alumina, 5 to 35% carbon and an antioxidant.
23. The transition piece nozzle block for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 22 wherein the percent by weight of zirconia is between 60 and 85% by weight.
24. The transition piece nozzle block for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 22 wherein the percent by weight of zirconia is between 70 and 80% by weight.
25. The transition piece nozzle block for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 22 wherein the percent by weight of carbon is between 8 and 30% by weight.
26. The transition piece nozzle block for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 22 wherein the percent by weight of carbon is between 10 and 20% by weight.
27. The transition piece nozzle block for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 22 wherein the refractory material is stabilized with lime, magnesium oxide or a combination thereof.
28. The transition piece nozzle block for making steel by continuous casting strip as claimed in claim 22 wherein the anti-oxidant comprises up to about 10% by weight.
29. A method of continuously casting steel strip comprising the steps of:
a. assembling a pair of cooled casting rolls having a nip between them and with confining closure adjacent the ends of the nip;
b. assembling a metal delivery system for delivering a molten steel between the casting rolls to form a casting pool supported therebetween comprised of at least some refractory material for contacting the molten steel comprised of 50 to 85% zirconia, 0 to 35% silica, less than 5% alumina, 5 to 35% carbon and anti-oxidant; and
c. counter-rotating the casting rolls to form metal shells on the surfaces of the casting rolls and solidified thin steel strip delivered downwardly through the nip between the casting rolls.
30. The method of continuously casting steel strip as claimed in claim 29 wherein the percent by weight of zirconia is between 60 and 85% by weight.
31. The method of continuously casting steel strip as claimed in claim 29 wherein the percent by weight of zirconia is between 70 and 80% by weight.
32. The method of continuously casting steel strip as claimed in claim 29 wherein the percent by weight of carbon is between 8 and 30% by weight.
33. The method of continuously casting steel strip as claimed in claim 29 wherein the percent by weight of carbon is between 10 and 20% by weight.
34. The method of continuously casting steel strip as claimed in claim 29 wherein the refractory material is stabilized with lime, magnesium oxide or a combination thereof.
35. The method of continuously casting steel strip as claimed in claim 29 wherein the anti-oxidant comprises up to about 10% by weight.
US10/869,362 2004-06-16 2004-06-16 Zirconia refractories for making steel Abandoned US20050280192A1 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/869,362 US20050280192A1 (en) 2004-06-16 2004-06-16 Zirconia refractories for making steel
KR1020067026484A KR20070051785A (en) 2004-06-16 2005-06-16 Zirconia refractories for making steel
AU2005254119A AU2005254119A1 (en) 2004-06-16 2005-06-16 Zirconia refractories for making steel
RU2007101388/02A RU2007101388A (en) 2004-06-16 2005-06-16 FIRE-RESISTANT MATERIALS BASED ON ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE USED FOR Smelting Steel
JP2007515740A JP2008502481A (en) 2004-06-16 2005-06-16 Zirconia refractories for steelmaking
PCT/AU2005/000870 WO2005123301A1 (en) 2004-06-16 2005-06-16 Zirconia refractories for making steel
EP05749395A EP1771266A4 (en) 2004-06-16 2005-06-16 Zirconia refractories for making steel
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JP2013043811A (en) * 2011-08-25 2013-03-04 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Stabilized zirconia sintered refractory and manufacturing method therefor
CN105983667B (en) * 2015-01-29 2020-04-21 边仁杰 Belt furnace mold
CN107399761A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-11-28 汉川市石金科技有限公司 A kind of zirconium oxide waste recovery technique and recovery zirconium powder
CN107445614A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-12-08 汉川市石金科技有限公司 A kind of compound zirconium oxide powder and preparation method thereof

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JP2008502481A (en) 2008-01-31
KR20070051785A (en) 2007-05-18
WO2005123301A1 (en) 2005-12-29
CN101014431A (en) 2007-08-08
EP1771266A1 (en) 2007-04-11
RU2007101388A (en) 2008-07-27
EP1771266A4 (en) 2007-09-26

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