US20050029113A1 - Coating system - Google Patents

Coating system Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050029113A1
US20050029113A1 US10/736,205 US73620503A US2005029113A1 US 20050029113 A1 US20050029113 A1 US 20050029113A1 US 73620503 A US73620503 A US 73620503A US 2005029113 A1 US2005029113 A1 US 2005029113A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
coating
coating system
dry lubricant
lubricant
zinc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/736,205
Inventor
Ernst-Walter Hillebrand
Manfred Hofschneider
Jurgen Tomaszewski
Roel Kraijenbrink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US10/736,205 priority Critical patent/US20050029113A1/en
Publication of US20050029113A1 publication Critical patent/US20050029113A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
    • F16C2223/70—Coating surfaces by electroplating or electrolytic coating, e.g. anodising, galvanising
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12556—Organic component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coating system for coating components with a lubricant, in particular for fastening elements for wheels and rollers.
  • dry lubricants as what is referred to as an anti-friction coating for improving the sliding properties of surfaces and for reducing the surface roughness is known.
  • use is made, for example, of coating systems containing PTFE or graphite.
  • systems based on MoS 2 is also known.
  • a ratio of tightening torque to prestressing force to be set within predetermined limits is desirable.
  • the prestressing force lies within a certain variation range. This variation range is increased by the use of different materials (light metal alloys, preferably aluminium or magnesium alloys or steel).
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem of providing a coating system for coating components with dry lubricants, which has considerably improved adhesion properties, increased corrosion resistance and also good resistance to chemicals.
  • the problem is solved by a coating system in which the dry lubricant is applied to a zinc/nickel layer which has been treated beforehand with an oxidant.
  • the dry lubricant it is also possible for the dry lubricant to be applied to a conversion layer which then lies between the zinc/nickel layer, which has been treated by oxidation, and the dry lubricant.
  • Organic or inorganic coating agents for example silicates or polymer waxes, are suitable as the conversion layer.
  • the product Aquares is particularly suitable.
  • a particular advantage of the invention resides in the fact that the combination of a zinc/nickel layer, which has been treated by oxidation, and a dry lubricant has great durability with respect to physical and chemical influences and nevertheless has good flow properties at the same time.
  • the ratio of tightening torque to prestressing force in the case of connecting elements which are coated in accordance with the invention remains unchanged even in the case of multiple removal and refitting—even when repeated around 20 times.
  • the prestressing force which is achieved remains within tight limits at a specified tightening torque even when different materials are used.
  • the adhesiveness and abrasion resistance of the system according to the invention and the impact resistance are considerably improved compared to the prior art.
  • the anti-friction coating Molykote D708 supplied by Molykote is preferably used as the dry lubricant. Temperature stability of ⁇ 180 to 200° C. is achieved by this system.
  • the optimized flow properties bring about self-sealing of damage to the outer skin. Corrosion stresses in vehicles are considerable, particularly in the chassis region—where wheel bolts are used. Even with these exceptional stresses, the system according to the invention produces excellent cathodic protection against corrosion and particular resistance to contact corrosion using a very wide variety of materials (light metal alloys, in particular aluminium or magnesium alloys or steel). Even under more difficult conditions of use, this avoids there being any possibility of attack by corrosive substances or other chemicals which act on the coating.
  • the system according to the invention also withstands particular chemical stresses as arise when using aggressive cleaning agents, for example for cleaning aluminium wheel rims.
  • a particular advantage of using zinc/nickel black, which has been treated by oxidation, with the coating system according to the invention resides in the fact that the black colouring which conventional systems require is omitted, which facilitates the visual checking of the coating system and which reduces top-layer coating processes.
  • the colouring of the object coated with the aid of the coating system according to the invention is maintained even after prolonged, intensive use and has scarcely any visible changes, which is of significance particularly in the case of a black covering system.
  • the dry lubricant is preferably deposited by a dipping and centrifuging process and is subsequently baked.

Abstract

The invention relates to a coating system for the lubricant coating of components. The system includes an electrodeposited oxidatively pretreated zinc-nickel coating and a dry lubricant layer and offers considerably improved adhesive properties as well as greater corrosion resistance and resistance to chemicals.

Description

  • The invention relates to a coating system for coating components with a lubricant, in particular for fastening elements for wheels and rollers.
  • The use of dry lubricants as what is referred to as an anti-friction coating for improving the sliding properties of surfaces and for reducing the surface roughness is known. In this context, use is made, for example, of coating systems containing PTFE or graphite. The use of systems based on MoS2 is also known.
  • It is also known to pretreat the surface to which the dry lubricant is to be applied, in order to improve the anticorrosion properties. In order to improve the adhesion properties of the dry lubricant on the component or on the substrate, a zinc or manganese phosphate layer which increases the surface roughness is used as the substrate in the prior art.
  • However, in none of the known cases are the adhesion properties and the anticorrosion properties of known systems satisfactory. For bolts, in particular, the prior art has the problem that sliding behaviour cannot be reproduced. This problem is particularly serious in the sector concerned with wheel bolts for motor vehicles. Because the sliding properties are not clearly defined, it is not possible for reproducible screwing-in properties to be derived from the torque which is selected.
  • In this case, a ratio of tightening torque to prestressing force to be set within predetermined limits is desirable. In the prior art, however, at a specified tightening torque for the connecting element the prestressing force lies within a certain variation range. This variation range is increased by the use of different materials (light metal alloys, preferably aluminium or magnesium alloys or steel).
  • The mechanical stress caused by multiple fitting and the physical impact which occurs in practice and temperature effects are also problematical.
  • Another problem which has a particular effect in the sector concerned with motor-vehicle wheel bolts is bolt corrosion, the bolt being attacked by moisture particularly on its flanks which are not bearing against the thread.
  • The invention is therefore based on the problem of providing a coating system for coating components with dry lubricants, which has considerably improved adhesion properties, increased corrosion resistance and also good resistance to chemicals.
  • The problem is solved by a coating system in which the dry lubricant is applied to a zinc/nickel layer which has been treated beforehand with an oxidant. Alternatively, it is also possible for the dry lubricant to be applied to a conversion layer which then lies between the zinc/nickel layer, which has been treated by oxidation, and the dry lubricant. Organic or inorganic coating agents, for example silicates or polymer waxes, are suitable as the conversion layer. The product Aquares is particularly suitable.
  • With the coating system according to the invention excellent, reproducible pairing properties with different materials are achieved.
  • A particular advantage of the invention resides in the fact that the combination of a zinc/nickel layer, which has been treated by oxidation, and a dry lubricant has great durability with respect to physical and chemical influences and nevertheless has good flow properties at the same time. The ratio of tightening torque to prestressing force in the case of connecting elements which are coated in accordance with the invention remains unchanged even in the case of multiple removal and refitting—even when repeated around 20 times. The prestressing force which is achieved remains within tight limits at a specified tightening torque even when different materials are used. In particular, the adhesiveness and abrasion resistance of the system according to the invention and the impact resistance are considerably improved compared to the prior art.
  • This may be further reinforced by the use of a conversion layer. In this connection, the anti-friction coating Molykote D708 supplied by Molykote is preferably used as the dry lubricant. Temperature stability of −180 to 200° C. is achieved by this system.
  • Furthermore, irregularities in the thread of the hole are compensated for with the aid of the dry lubricant. In the system according to the invention the optimized flow properties bring about self-sealing of damage to the outer skin. Corrosion stresses in vehicles are considerable, particularly in the chassis region—where wheel bolts are used. Even with these exceptional stresses, the system according to the invention produces excellent cathodic protection against corrosion and particular resistance to contact corrosion using a very wide variety of materials (light metal alloys, in particular aluminium or magnesium alloys or steel). Even under more difficult conditions of use, this avoids there being any possibility of attack by corrosive substances or other chemicals which act on the coating. The system according to the invention also withstands particular chemical stresses as arise when using aggressive cleaning agents, for example for cleaning aluminium wheel rims.
  • A particular advantage of using zinc/nickel black, which has been treated by oxidation, with the coating system according to the invention resides in the fact that the black colouring which conventional systems require is omitted, which facilitates the visual checking of the coating system and which reduces top-layer coating processes.
  • The colouring of the object coated with the aid of the coating system according to the invention is maintained even after prolonged, intensive use and has scarcely any visible changes, which is of significance particularly in the case of a black covering system.
  • This is also of significance in the coating of internal contours (preferably depressions or internal applications of a force), for example in the case of bolt connecting elements, in order to satisfy the decorative requirements and requirements concerned with protection against corrosion. In the case of wheel bolts, this applies especially to the internal contour of the bolt head.
  • The dry lubricant is preferably deposited by a dipping and centrifuging process and is subsequently baked.
  • Contact corrosion is avoided by a colloidal carton-black binding.

Claims (3)

1. Coating system for coating components with a lubricant, characterized by a zinc/nickel layer which is applied by electroplating and has been pretreated by oxidation, and a dry lubricant layer.
2. Coating system according to claim 1, characterized by a conversion layer between the zinc/nickel layer and the dry lubricant.
3. Coating system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the product D708 supplied by Molykote is used as the dry lubricant.
US10/736,205 1998-08-18 2003-12-12 Coating system Abandoned US20050029113A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/736,205 US20050029113A1 (en) 1998-08-18 2003-12-12 Coating system

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19837286 1998-08-18
DE19837286.8 1998-08-18
DE19938575 1999-08-17
DE19938575.0 1999-08-17
US76300001A 2001-03-28 2001-03-28
US10/361,314 US20030170483A1 (en) 1998-08-18 2003-02-10 Coating system
US10/736,205 US20050029113A1 (en) 1998-08-18 2003-12-12 Coating system

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/361,314 Continuation US20030170483A1 (en) 1998-08-18 2003-02-10 Coating system

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US20050029113A1 true US20050029113A1 (en) 2005-02-10

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US10/361,314 Abandoned US20030170483A1 (en) 1998-08-18 2003-02-10 Coating system
US10/736,205 Abandoned US20050029113A1 (en) 1998-08-18 2003-12-12 Coating system

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070134468A1 (en) * 2004-07-14 2007-06-14 Buehler Jane E Enhanced friction reducing surface and method of making the same
WO2006110756A1 (en) * 2005-04-11 2006-10-19 Elisha Holding Llc Corrosion resistant article and method of production thereof
EP1712659A1 (en) * 2005-04-11 2006-10-18 Elisha Holding LLC Corrosion resistant article and method of production thereof

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3914519A (en) * 1966-06-01 1975-10-21 Amchem Prod Process and composition for coating metals
US4610758A (en) * 1983-06-01 1986-09-09 Ferranti Plc Manufacture of printed circuit boards
US4889602A (en) * 1986-04-14 1989-12-26 Dipsol Chemicals Co., Ltd. Electroplating bath and method for forming zinc-nickel alloy coating
US5059492A (en) * 1989-04-04 1991-10-22 Nippon Steel Corporation Highly corrosion-resistant, colored thin film-coated steel sheet having excellent press-processability and spot-weldability
US5641578A (en) * 1990-05-18 1997-06-24 Nkk Corporation Weldable black steel sheet
US6135689A (en) * 1997-05-27 2000-10-24 Aoyama Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Self-locking fastener
US6235407B1 (en) * 1997-04-09 2001-05-22 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Steel plate for highly corrosion-resistant fuel tank

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3914519A (en) * 1966-06-01 1975-10-21 Amchem Prod Process and composition for coating metals
US4610758A (en) * 1983-06-01 1986-09-09 Ferranti Plc Manufacture of printed circuit boards
US4889602A (en) * 1986-04-14 1989-12-26 Dipsol Chemicals Co., Ltd. Electroplating bath and method for forming zinc-nickel alloy coating
US4889602B1 (en) * 1986-04-14 1995-11-14 Dipsol Chem Electroplating bath and method for forming zinc-nickel alloy coating
US5059492A (en) * 1989-04-04 1991-10-22 Nippon Steel Corporation Highly corrosion-resistant, colored thin film-coated steel sheet having excellent press-processability and spot-weldability
US5641578A (en) * 1990-05-18 1997-06-24 Nkk Corporation Weldable black steel sheet
US6235407B1 (en) * 1997-04-09 2001-05-22 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Steel plate for highly corrosion-resistant fuel tank
US6135689A (en) * 1997-05-27 2000-10-24 Aoyama Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Self-locking fastener

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US20030170483A1 (en) 2003-09-11

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