US20040153056A1 - Probe - Google Patents

Probe Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040153056A1
US20040153056A1 US10/705,395 US70539503A US2004153056A1 US 20040153056 A1 US20040153056 A1 US 20040153056A1 US 70539503 A US70539503 A US 70539503A US 2004153056 A1 US2004153056 A1 US 2004153056A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
probe
shape
accordance
arms
hose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/705,395
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Muller
Erik Flaxmeier
Ralf Steiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Admedes Schuessler GmbH
Berchtold GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Admedes Schuessler GmbH
Berchtold Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2002152325 external-priority patent/DE10252325B4/de
Priority claimed from DE2002157146 external-priority patent/DE10257146A1/de
Application filed by Admedes Schuessler GmbH, Berchtold Holding GmbH filed Critical Admedes Schuessler GmbH
Assigned to ADMEDES SCHUESSLER GMBH, BERCHTOLD HOLDING GMBH reassignment ADMEDES SCHUESSLER GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FLAXMEIER, ERIK, STEINER, RALF, MULLER, WOLFGANG
Publication of US20040153056A1 publication Critical patent/US20040153056A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1492—Probes or electrodes therefor having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00214—Expandable means emitting energy, e.g. by elements carried thereon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2218/00—Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2218/001—Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body having means for irrigation and/or aspiration of substances to and/or from the surgical site
    • A61B2218/002—Irrigation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an endoluminal probe for radio frequency thermoablation, also called radio frequency induced thermotherapy, in which biological tissues are thermally denatured by heat generation by means of radio frequency electric fields and currents.
  • the probe which can in particular also be used in combination with the flexible endoscopic technique, serves for the minimally invasive, thermal influencing of diseased structures in hollow organs (e.g. intestine, bronchi, trachea, esophagus) or in larger veins or arteries by radio frequency energy in the frequency range from 300 kHz up to 1 MHz.
  • the probe has an insulated hose at whose distal end a metal electrode is provided whose spatial extent can be changed from a cylindrical shape to a star shape.
  • a small lumen navigation of the probe inside a biological lumen or via the instrumentation channel of an endoscope is possible by the cylindrical shape of the metal electrode.
  • an electrode unfolding can subsequently take place to form the star shape.
  • Particularly good effects are in particular achieved in thermoablation in this process due to the star shape of the electrode, with the changeable diameter of the star-shaped electrode being an additional advantage.
  • a locally defined and electrically conductive electrode contact can hereby be established intraluminally despite an anatomically variable biological environment.
  • the metal electrode is formed by a plurality of flexible arms whose distal and proximal ends are connected to one another, with the distal and/or the proximal ends of the arms being electrically connected to a terminal for the supply of a radio frequency current.
  • the flexible arms thus themselves form the electrode, i.e. no additional point electrodes or the like are necessary.
  • the manufacture of the probe is hereby simplified, on the one hand. It can be easily cleaned, on the other hand.
  • the unfolding of the metal electrode can be reversed again, whereby a removal of the probe from the hollow space is easily possible.
  • the shape of an arm can differ approximately at its center from its shape at both ends.
  • a bending behavior which promotes the star-shaped formation of the metal electrode, is hereby pre-determined by the shape of the arm itself.
  • the outer contour of an arm can, for example, be approximately spiral-shaped, zig-zag-shaped, wave-shaped or meander-shaped approximately at its center, with the outer contour being a straight line at the two end regions of the arm.
  • the bending stiffness can be appropriately matched to the requirements by a central region of an arm formed in this manner.
  • the distal and proximal ends of the arms can be adjustable relative to one another with the aid of an actuation device provided at a proximal region of the hose.
  • the outer diameter of the metal electrode can hereby be varied and the spatial extent can be changed from the cylindrical shape to the star shape.
  • the proximal ends of the arms are connected to a flexible cannula which is guided inside the hose.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that flushing liquid and/or a further adjustment element for the movement of the arms can be guided inside the flexible cannula.
  • the distal ends of the arms can, for example, be connected to a flexible adjustment element which is guided inside the hose or inside the cannula respectively. In this manner, the outer diameter of the metal electrode can be changed without the hose necessarily being moved along in this process.
  • a temperature sensor can be arranged in the region of the distal ends. Such an arrangement additionally allows a temperature control or also an automatic temperature regulation via a radio frequency generator made for this purpose.
  • a proximal end of the probe can be provided with a connection for flushing liquid.
  • This flushing liquid can be conveyed through the hose or through the cannula provided in the hose in the direction of the metal electrode in order to avoid a drying out and a loss of electrical conductivity in the ablation zone.
  • An electrode for a probe of the kind described above can be manufactured in an advantageous manner in that an areal blank or a cylindrical cannula of electrically conductive material is provided with micro-cuts which extend parallel to one another and whose ends in each case do not extend up to the rim of the blank or of the cannula. In this manner, individual webs, which serve as arms of the probe, are formed between the micro-cuts. It can be advantageous in this process for the micro-cuts to be made in spiral form, in meander form, in wave form or in zig-zag form in a central section. Flexurally resilient metal webs are hereby formed in the central region of the arms. To make the central sections of the arms particularly flexible, it can furthermore be advantageous to select the thickness of the micro-sections to be larger in a central section and to be smaller in the end sections.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic view of an apparatus for radio frequency thermoablation
  • FIG. 2 a partly sectioned view of a distal end of a probe, in which the metal electrode has a cylindrical shape
  • FIG. 3 the probe of FIG. 2, with the metal electrode having unfolded to form a star shape.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a system for radio frequency thermoablation having a radio frequency generator 10 , a neutral electrode 12 and an endoluminal probe 14 at whose distal end a metal electrode 16 , shown only schematically, is provided.
  • the metal electrode 16 is located at the distal end of an insulating hose 18 at whose proximal end a hand piece 20 is provided.
  • the hand piece 20 has a terminal for a radio frequency cable 22 which electrically connects the radio frequency generator 10 to the metal electrode 16 .
  • the neutral electrode 12 is electrically connected to the radio frequency generator 10 via a neutral electrode cable 24 .
  • FIG. 2 shows in a perspective view the distal region of the probe 14 , with the metal electrode 16 being folded together to form a cylindrical shape and being retracted into the interior of the hose 18 . Part of the hose 18 is shown open for better illustration.
  • FIG. 3 shows the probe of FIG. 2, with the metal electrode 16 , however, being pushed out of the hose 18 and being unfolded to form a star shape.
  • the metal electrode 16 is, for example, formed by six flexible arms 26 which extend coaxially to the axis of the hose 18 in FIG. 2, but which project predominantly radially and in a star-shaped manner from the central axis of the probe in FIG. 3. All arms 26 are connected to one another at their distal ends via a cup-shaped end piece 28 . The distal ends of the arms 26 are likewise connected to one another via a sleeve-shaped end piece 30 . The arms 26 and the end pieces 28 and 30 , which are all connected to one another in one piece, thus form the metal electrode 16 which can be guided through the instrumentation channel of an endoscope due to its extremely compact construction.
  • each arm 26 consists of a thin metal strip with a rectangular cross-section, with the shape of each arm 26 differing approximately at its center M from the shape at the two ends of the arm.
  • the outer contour of each arm 26 is made in wave shape approximately at its center M, whereas a section with a straight-line outer contour adjoins the wave-shaped region at both sides at the center M.
  • the section with a wave-shaped outer contour has approximately one third of the total length of the arm 26 in this process.
  • the arms Due to the wave-shaped outer contour of the arms 26 in their central region M, the arms can be bent into the arrangement shown in FIG. 3, in which the wave-shaped section has a U-shaped curve and the arms project approximately at right angles from the central axis of the probe.
  • the proximal end piece 30 of the metal electrode 16 is connected to a flexible cannula 32 which is guided inside the hose and is in communication with a slide handle 34 (FIG. 1) of the hand piece 20 .
  • the distal end piece 28 of the metal electrode 16 is connected to a flexible adjustment element 36 which is guided inside the cannula 32 and whose proximal end is in communication with a slide handle 38 which is likewise provided on the hand piece 20 .
  • the adjustment element 36 and the cannula 32 are connected in a mechanically releasable manner to the slide handles 34 and 38 inside the hand piece 20 , with the slide handles being able to be actuated individually and relative to one another with one hand.
  • the proximal end of the hose 18 is releasably connected to the housing of the handle 20 .
  • An electrically conductive connection is provided between the cannula 32 and the metal electrode cable 22 inside the handle, which is not shown in any more detail.
  • the metal electrode 16 can be displaced from the position shown in FIG. 2, in which it is completely located inside the hose 18 , into the arrangement shown in FIG. 3, in which the metal electrode 16 projects from the distal end of the hose 18 and has a star shape.
  • connection 40 for flushing liquid can be provided in the region of the hand piece 20 , through which, for example, physiological saline can be introduced into the region of the metal electrode 16 .
  • the hose 18 of the probe 14 consists of flexible, insulating material.
  • the metal electrode 16 and the cannula 32 consist of a super-elastic material which is electrically conductive, for example of a nickel-titanium alloy.
  • the adjustment element 36 can optionally be in wire form or in cannula form and can consist of flexible metal or plastic.
  • the handle 20 and the slide handles 34 , 38 consist of insulating plastic.
  • the probe 14 can have a different total length up to approximately 200 mm and a probe diameter up to approximately 3 mm.
  • the metal electrode 16 can have a length of approximately 20 to 35 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the metal electrode 16 can amount, for example, to 1.8 mm.
  • the metal electrode can be converted from the configuration shown in FIG. 2 by compression into the star-shaped arrangement shown in FIG. 3 in which the electrode star has an axial length of approximately 8 mm and a diameter of up to 30 mm.
  • the manufacture of the metal electrode 16 in accordance with the invention can, for example, take place in that an areal blank, for example a thin metal foil or, however, a cylindrical cannula, in each case of electrically conductive material, are provided with micro-cuts extending parallel to one another, with the cuts in each case not extending up to the rim of the blank or of the cannula at their ends. If these cuts are distributed evenly over the periphery of the cannula or over the extent of the blank, strip-like material sections are formed between the individual cuts and form the arms 26 . These micro-cuts can be made in spiral shape, meander shape, zig-zag shape or wave shape in a central section (cf. FIGS. 2 and 3), whereby the above-described central sections of the arms can be formed.
  • the blank can subsequently be shaped to form a sleeve.
  • the thickness of the micro-cuts can, for example, be selected to the larger in the central section M than in the region of the end sections, whereby an additional variation of the elasticity behavior of the arms is possible.
  • the patent is an integral component of the radio frequency circuit after the connection of the neutral electrode cable 24 to the neutral electrode 12 and to the radio frequency generator 10 .
  • the probe in accordance with the invention is subsequently navigated to the target area via the instrumentation channel of a flexible endoscope—or with invasive therapies, using image monitoring (sonogram, computer tomogram, magnetic tomogram) via body cavities or vessels.
  • the metal electrode 16 is subsequently moved out and unfolded by actuating the slide handles 34 and 38 such that the former contacts the biological tissue to be treated or the pathogenic biological tissue, for example inside the esophagus.
  • a radio frequency current is subsequently activated at the RF generator for a defined time or up to the reaching of a pre-determined electrical impedance level or energy level or also temperature level.
  • the radio frequency current flows in this process within the probe 14 via the star-shaped unfolded metal electrode 16 to the contacted biological tissue and via the neutral electrode 12 back to the RF generator 10 .
  • Locally limited heat effects occur with the square of the RF current strength and proportionally to the current contact impedance electrode/biological tissue and proportional to the activation time, with the biological tissue being thermally denatured with reached temperatures above 50° C., preferably in the range 60° C. up to 100° C.
  • biological tissue shrinkages and drying outs are achieved in the tightly restricted contact area of the electrodes. Malign biological tissue (primary tumors, metastases) can thus also be thermally destroyed or a thermal hemostasis or even therapeutic tissue shrinkage with tolerable scar formation can be produced.
US10/705,395 2002-11-11 2003-11-10 Probe Abandoned US20040153056A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2002152325 DE10252325B4 (de) 2002-11-11 2002-11-11 Sonde zur Hochfrequenz-Thermoablation sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE10252325.8 2002-11-18
DE10257146.5 2002-12-06
DE2002157146 DE10257146A1 (de) 2002-12-06 2002-12-06 Metallelektrode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040153056A1 true US20040153056A1 (en) 2004-08-05

Family

ID=32108806

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/705,395 Abandoned US20040153056A1 (en) 2002-11-11 2003-11-10 Probe
US10/534,594 Expired - Fee Related US7988662B2 (en) 2002-11-11 2003-11-11 Metal electrode

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/534,594 Expired - Fee Related US7988662B2 (en) 2002-11-11 2003-11-11 Metal electrode

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US20040153056A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP1417936B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4312759B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003286163A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE50313661D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004043279A2 (fr)

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US8858616B2 (en) 2004-03-16 2014-10-14 Admedes Schuessler Gmbh Stent having a bridge structure
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US9272132B2 (en) 2012-11-02 2016-03-01 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical device for treating airways and related methods of use
US9283374B2 (en) 2012-11-05 2016-03-15 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Devices and methods for delivering energy to body lumens
US9339618B2 (en) 2003-05-13 2016-05-17 Holaira, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling narrowing of at least one airway
US9398933B2 (en) 2012-12-27 2016-07-26 Holaira, Inc. Methods for improving drug efficacy including a combination of drug administration and nerve modulation
US9408662B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2016-08-09 Cook Medical Technologies Llc Sphincterotome having expandable tines
US9592086B2 (en) 2012-07-24 2017-03-14 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Electrodes for tissue treatment
US9770293B2 (en) 2012-06-04 2017-09-26 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Systems and methods for treating tissue of a passageway within a body
US9814618B2 (en) 2013-06-06 2017-11-14 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Devices for delivering energy and related methods of use
US9962224B2 (en) 2007-04-04 2018-05-08 St. Jude Medical, Atrial Fibrillation Division, Inc. Irrigated catheter with improved fluid flow
US10433903B2 (en) 2007-04-04 2019-10-08 St. Jude Medical, Atrial Fibrillation Division, Inc. Irrigated catheter
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WO2004043279A3 (fr) 2004-08-05
JP4312759B2 (ja) 2009-08-12
EP1567081B1 (fr) 2008-04-23
AU2003286163A1 (en) 2004-06-03
WO2004043279A2 (fr) 2004-05-27
DE50309710D1 (de) 2008-06-05
JP2006505377A (ja) 2006-02-16
WO2004043279A8 (fr) 2005-05-26
EP1417936B1 (fr) 2011-05-04
EP1567081A2 (fr) 2005-08-31
US7988662B2 (en) 2011-08-02
DE50313661D1 (de) 2011-06-16
EP1417936A1 (fr) 2004-05-12
US20060129143A1 (en) 2006-06-15

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