US20040065395A1 - Solid compositions which generate hydrogen by combustion, comprising an alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and strontium nitrate Sr(NO3)2 - Google Patents

Solid compositions which generate hydrogen by combustion, comprising an alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and strontium nitrate Sr(NO3)2 Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040065395A1
US20040065395A1 US10/659,306 US65930603A US2004065395A1 US 20040065395 A1 US20040065395 A1 US 20040065395A1 US 65930603 A US65930603 A US 65930603A US 2004065395 A1 US2004065395 A1 US 2004065395A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
metal borohydride
hydrogen
solid composition
alkaline earth
alkali metal
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Abandoned
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US10/659,306
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English (en)
Inventor
Nancy Desgardin
Christian Perut
Joel Renouard
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Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
Safran Ceramics SA
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Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
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Assigned to SNPE reassignment SNPE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RENOUARD, JOEL, DESGARDIN, NANCY, PERUT, CHRISTIAN
Publication of US20040065395A1 publication Critical patent/US20040065395A1/en
Assigned to SNPE MATERIAUX ENERGETIQUES reassignment SNPE MATERIAUX ENERGETIQUES ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SNPE
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
    • C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
    • C06B47/02—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase the components comprising a binary propellant
    • C06B47/10—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase the components comprising a binary propellant a component containing free boron, an organic borane or a binary compound of boron, except with oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of generators of hydrogen, a gas widely used as fuel or reducing agent in numerous devices or industrial processes.
  • a more specific subject-matter of the invention is novel solid compositions which can decompose with the generation of hydrogen according to a self-sustaining combustion reaction, and the use of these compositions for supplying hydrogen to proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
  • Patent U.S. Pat. No. 3,948,699 discloses solid compositions which generate hydrogen by combustion composed of a mixture of alkali metal borohydride, for example sodium borohydride NaBH 4 , with a metal oxide, for example iron oxide Fe 2 O 3 .
  • the yields by mass of hydrogen produced are low, less than 5%, expressed by weight of hydrogen obtained with respect to the total weight of the composition.
  • Patent U.S. Pat. No. 4,064,225 discloses other solid compositions which generate hydrogen by combustion composed of a mixture of alkali metal borohydride, for example sodium borohydride, with ammonium sulphate (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 or ammonium dichromate (NH 4 ) 2 Cr 2 O 7 .
  • Patent U.S. Pat. No. 4,673,528 discloses a solid hydrogen-generating composition which can be in the form of pellets which can be used as fuels in chemical lasers.
  • the hydrogen-generating compositions disclosed in this patent are thermally stable and comprise, as percentage by mass, between 5 and 15% of an oxidizing agent chosen from lithium nitrate LiNO 3 and potassium nitrate KNO 3 , from 80 to 90% of magnesium borohydride diammoniate Mg(BH 4 ) 2 . 2NH 3 and optionally from 2 to 15% of a binder, such as polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the hydrogen yields obtained with this type of composition can reach 12.5%.
  • the present invention provides a solution to this problem.
  • a more specific subject-matter of the invention is novel solid compositions which can decompose with the generation of hydrogen according to a self-sustaining combustion reaction after initiation of this reaction by an appropriate heat source, the said composition comprising an alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and, as oxidizing salt, strontium nitrate Sr(NO 3 ) 2 .
  • compositions according to the invention are devoid of organic matter, that is to say that they are composed solely of inorganic compounds.
  • alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and of strontium nitrate Sr(NO 3 ) 2 are composed essentially of an alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and of strontium nitrate Sr(NO 3 ) 2 , that is to say that these constituents are the predominant ones by weight. It will be appreciated that the sum of the contents by weight of alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and of strontium nitrate Sr(NO 3 ) 2 is greater than or equal to 75%, better still greater than or equal to 90% and even greater than or equal to 95%, with respect to the total weight of the composition.
  • compositions composed solely of alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and of strontium nitrate Sr(NO 3 ) 2 , that is to say for which the sum of the contents by weight of the two constituents reaches 100%, are particularly preferred.
  • the term “composed solely” should be understood as meaning that the compositions can nevertheless include the impurities present in the crude or purified alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and in the crude or purified Sr(NO 3 ) 2 salt used, or alternatively additives, such as stabilizers, whether these products are commercially available or are synthesized according to conventional methods.
  • compositions are not composed solely of alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and of strontium nitrate Sr(NO 3 ) 2 , they can, for example, also comprise other metal, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal borohydrides and/or a metal hydride and/or other oxidizing inorganic salts, such as alkali metal nitrates, ammonium sulphate, ammonium dichromate and iron oxides.
  • the alkali metal borohydride is chosen from the group consisting of lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride and their mixtures.
  • the alkaline earth metal borohydride used can be magnesium borohydride Mg(BH 4 ) 2 , which has available a high level of hydrogen.
  • the ratio of content by weight of alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride to content by weight of strontium nitrate is between 1 and 10, better still between 2 and 10 and preferably between 4 and 10.
  • One aim of the invention is to obtain hydrogen-generating compositions having a good yield by mass of hydrogen per gram of solid composition and which are combusted at a temperature which is sufficiently high for the reaction to be self sustaining and to prevent the solid composition from being extinguished and thus from being entirely consumed.
  • the relative proportions by weight between the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent should be established so as to achieve this aim.
  • the solid compositions according to the invention are provided in the form of a compact material having a specific form, for example and preferably in the form of pellets or grains.
  • the grains can have any shape, preferably spherical, ovoid or cylindrical.
  • the pellets can also have any thickness and any peripheral geometry, for example circular, elliptical, square or rectangular.
  • the thickness of the pellets may not be constant.
  • the solid compositions according to the invention can be obtained by analogy with the described methods used to produce the abovementioned solid compositions of the state of the art, for example by simple mixing of the constituents, milling and then mechanical homogenization. It is also possible to mill the constituents before the mixing or alternatively to use constituents already in pulverulent form.
  • compositions can also be obtained by granulation.
  • the granular or pulverulent homogeneous mixture of the various constituents can, for example, be agglomerated by compacting in a pressing container having the shape and the dimensions which are desired for the compact material.
  • Another subject-matter of the present invention is a process for the generation of hydrogen by self-sustaining combustion of a solid composition comprising an alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and, as oxidizing salt, strontium nitrate Sr(NO 3 ) 2 .
  • a pulverulent or granular homogeneous solid composition comprising an alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and strontium nitrate Sr(NO 3 ) 2 is first of all prepared.
  • This composition is subsequently agglomerated using appropriate means, for example those mentioned above, so as to form a compact material, and then the compact material is placed in a combustion chamber which is purged under an inert gas or placed under vacuum.
  • dead volume the volume remaining in the chamber after the compact material has been placed therein
  • a conventional relay-ignition powder well known to a person skilled in the art can be positioned between the filament and the compact material.
  • a relay-ignition powder of the same nature as the compact material according to the invention, that is to say having the same constituents but with a markedly lower ratio of content by weight of alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride to content by weight of strontium nitrate Sr(NO 3 ) 2 , for example between 0.1 and 1.
  • Another subject-matter of the present invention is a pyrotechnic hydrogen generator, intended to supply hydrogen to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, comprising an abovementioned solid composition according to the invention.
  • Fuel cells operating with hydrogen also known as proton exchange membrane fuel cells, are well known to a person skilled in the art.
  • Such a fuel cell is composed essentially of 2 parts:
  • the core of the fuel cell composed of one or more electrochemical cells mounted in series, which produces the electrical energy
  • the fuel namely hydrogen, reservoir.
  • auxiliary systems relating in particular to supplying hydrogen to the core of the fuel cell, to discharging the water produced or to cooling.
  • FIG. 1 An electrochemical cell of the core of the fuel cell is represented diagrammatically in FIG. 1.
  • an electro-chemical cell 1 of the core of the fuel cell supplies electrical energy from two electrochemical reactions carried out on two electrodes 2 and 3 generally composed of carbon and separated by a proton exchange membrane 4 acting as electrolyte and generally composed of fluoropolymers impregnated with water.
  • Hydrogen H 2 is oxidized on the anode 2 in the presence of a generally platinum-based catalyst, the hydrogen being separated into protons H + and electrons e ⁇ .
  • the stream of protons H + passes through the membrane 4 , while the electrons e ⁇ , which are not able to pass through the membrane 4 , are captured by a current collector 5 connected to an external electrical circuit 6 to rejoin the cathode 3 .
  • the protons H + and the electrons e ⁇ recombine with oxygen O 2 , generally originating from the surrounding air, to produce water H 2 O.
  • the pyrotechnic hydrogen generators according to the invention are essentially composed of one or more chambers in which a solid composition according to the invention, separate means for initiating the combustion of the composition in each of the chambers, means for actuating this initiation and means for transferring the hydrogen released in the chambers to the anode of a cell of the core of the fuel cell are placed.
  • the overall amount of hydrogen capable of being supplied by the generator is released dis-continuously by a separate initiation of the solid compositions present in the various chambers.
  • the mass of solid composition in each chamber can be identical or different from one chamber to another. The last alternative form makes possible release of hydrogen in an amount suited to a specific need.
  • the various chambers can emerge in a chamber for the expansion of the hydrogen released, this chamber being connected to the anode compartment of a cell or having one of its walls at least partially formed by the anode.
  • Another subject-matter of the present invention is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using hydrogen as fuel, comprising at least one electrochemical cell and one abovementioned pyrotechnic hydrogen generator according to the invention connected to the anode compartment of the cell.
  • Solid composition composed of a mixture of NaBH 4 and of Sr(NO 3 ) 2 in the relative proportions by weight 60/40 respectively
  • a mixture of 90 g of NaBH 4 and 60 g of Sr(NO 3 ) 2 is milled and then homogenized.
  • a fraction of the pulverulent and homogeneous mixture thus obtained is subsequently introduced into and then compacted in the compression die of a pelletizer having the desired pellet geometry, under a pressure of 10 7 Pa (100 bar).
  • the circular pellet thus obtained is subsequently introduced into a combustion chamber with a volume of 10 cm 3 and equipped with a pressure gauge, a temperature probe and a conventional ignition device comprising a nickel (80 weight%)-chromium (20 weight%) filament.
  • the pellet is brought into contact with the filament and then the chamber is purged with an inert gas (nitrogen) under an absolute pressure of 10 5 Pa (1 bar).
  • the filament is subsequently heated by the Joule effect until initiation of the combustion.
  • the combustion temperature measured experimentally from the maximum pressure, varies between 480 and 600° K. approximately following the firings.
  • the chamber On completion of the combustion, the chamber is allowed to cool to ambient temperature and then the pressure in the chamber is recorded.
  • DTA Different Thermal Analysis
  • DTA is a calorimetric measurement test. It consists in heating the composition from 15 to 200° C., the temperature being increased by 8° C. per minute. During this rise in temperature, this test consists in plotting the temperatures of the endothermic or exothermic peaks and in measuring the energy released or absorbed. If no energy is released or absorbed, this means that the composition is stable and thus that the constituents of the composition analysed are entirely compatible.
  • sodium borohydride NaBH 4 is replaced by lithium borohydride LiBH 4 .
  • the preparation is carried out in exactly the same way as in Example 1 described above, that is to say with the production of a pellet with the same mass.
  • the relative proportions by weight between the two constituents are varied.
  • an alkali metal borohydride such as NaBH 4 or LiBH 4
  • an alkaline earth metal borohydride Mg(BH 4 ) 2
  • strontium nitrate Sr(NO 3 ) 2 is still used as oxidizing agent.
  • the preparation is carried out in the same way as in the preceding examples with different relative proportions by weight between the two constituents. The theoretical results obtained by calculations are displayed in Table 3 below.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
US10/659,306 2002-10-04 2003-09-11 Solid compositions which generate hydrogen by combustion, comprising an alkali metal borohydride or alkaline earth metal borohydride and strontium nitrate Sr(NO3)2 Abandoned US20040065395A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0212313A FR2845376B1 (fr) 2002-10-04 2002-10-04 Compositions solides generatrices d'hydrogene par combustion comprenant un borohydrure alcalin ou alcalino-terreux et du nitrate de strontium sr (no3)2
FR0212313 2002-10-04

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US (1) US20040065395A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1405823A3 (fr)
JP (1) JP4361773B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1226181C (fr)
FR (1) FR2845376B1 (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050142404A1 (en) * 2003-12-05 2005-06-30 Boucher Craig J. Gas generation arrangement and method for generating gas and a power source utilizing generated gas
US20050158609A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-21 Gennadi Finkelshtain Hydride-based fuel cell designed for the elimination of hydrogen formed therein
US20050260481A1 (en) * 2004-05-20 2005-11-24 Gennadi Finkelshtain Disposable fuel cell with and without cartridge and method of making and using the fuel cell and cartridge
US20060057435A1 (en) * 2004-09-15 2006-03-16 Medis Technologies Ltd Method and apparatus for preventing fuel decomposition in a direct liquid fuel cell
US20060210470A1 (en) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-21 Purdue Research Foundation System and method for generating hydrogen
WO2006134419A2 (fr) * 2005-06-15 2006-12-21 More Energy Ltd. Pile a combustible a hydrure eliminant l'hydrogene s'y formant
US20070140944A1 (en) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-21 Soloveichik Grigorii L Method for manufacturing magnesium borohydride
US20070297964A1 (en) * 2006-06-21 2007-12-27 Grigorii Lev Soloveichik Compositions comprising magnesium borohydride and magnesium hydridoborohydride and method for manufacturing the same
US20080014136A1 (en) * 2006-06-21 2008-01-17 General Electric Company Methods for preparing compositions which comprise magnesium borohydride, and related materials
US20080035252A1 (en) * 2006-02-27 2008-02-14 Mallery Carl F Solid hydrogen fuel elements and methods of making the same
US20090057609A1 (en) * 2007-07-13 2009-03-05 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Solid hydrogen source compounds and method for generating hydrogen
US20090078345A1 (en) * 2007-09-25 2009-03-26 Ensign-Bickford Aerospace & Defense Company Heat generating structures
US20100226829A1 (en) * 2007-09-05 2010-09-09 Olympus Corporation Hydrogen generator and fuel stick
US20100247425A1 (en) * 2007-10-16 2010-09-30 Qinetiq Limited In Hydrogen Generators

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2857358B1 (fr) * 2003-07-10 2005-10-14 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Composition solides generatrices d'hydrogene par combustion comprenant un borohydrure de magnesium et un oxydant de la famille des dinitramines
CN100339339C (zh) * 2005-03-31 2007-09-26 张根发 一种产气药剂的模塑制品及其制备方法
FR2906805B1 (fr) * 2006-10-09 2009-01-23 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Sa Procede de pyrotechnique de mise a disposition, a la demande d'hydrogene non pressurise et dispositif associe
FR2999167B1 (fr) 2012-12-12 2014-12-26 Herakles Procede pyrotechnique de mise a disposition d'hydrogene de tres grande purete et dispositif associe
FR2999168B1 (fr) 2012-12-12 2014-12-26 Herakles Procede pyrotechnique de mise a disposition d'hydrogene de tres grande purete et dispositif associe
FR3003092B1 (fr) * 2013-03-05 2015-04-03 Herakles Procede et dispositif d'alimentation d'une pile a combustible
FR3002977B1 (fr) * 2013-03-05 2015-04-03 Herakles Procede de fonctionnement d'une machine thermique ditherme a cycle ouvert avec les gaz de combustion d'au moins un chargement pyrotechnique solide
FR3008969B1 (fr) * 2013-07-23 2016-12-23 Herakles Procede de generation d'hydrogene par combustion auto-entretenue ou par decomposition d'un produit solide et dispositif
FR3027459B1 (fr) 2014-10-21 2019-06-21 Snecma Procede de production d'electricite par une pile a combustible ; dispositif associe
CN107149167A (zh) * 2017-04-28 2017-09-12 南京理工大学 卷烟用中低温含能热源及其制备方法

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US3126305A (en) * 1964-03-24 Ignition compositions comprising boron containing salts
US3066009A (en) * 1959-01-15 1962-11-27 Olin Mathieson Preparation of decaboranyl sodium
US3948699A (en) * 1974-11-08 1976-04-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Hydrogen gas generators for use in chemical lasers
US4064225A (en) * 1976-03-22 1977-12-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method for producing hydrogen or deuterium from storable solid propellant compositions based on complex metal boron compounds
US4302259A (en) * 1979-10-31 1981-11-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army MgH2 and Sr(NO3)2 pyrotechnic composition
US4468263A (en) * 1982-12-20 1984-08-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Solid propellant hydrogen generator
US4673528A (en) * 1985-09-30 1987-06-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Solid H2 /D2 gas generators
US5608182A (en) * 1996-04-22 1997-03-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Fuel gas generator for airbreathing propulsion systems
US6165295A (en) * 1999-11-23 2000-12-26 Wagaman; Kerry L. Gas-generating liquid compositions (PERSOL 1)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050142404A1 (en) * 2003-12-05 2005-06-30 Boucher Craig J. Gas generation arrangement and method for generating gas and a power source utilizing generated gas
US20050158609A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-21 Gennadi Finkelshtain Hydride-based fuel cell designed for the elimination of hydrogen formed therein
US20050260481A1 (en) * 2004-05-20 2005-11-24 Gennadi Finkelshtain Disposable fuel cell with and without cartridge and method of making and using the fuel cell and cartridge
US20060057435A1 (en) * 2004-09-15 2006-03-16 Medis Technologies Ltd Method and apparatus for preventing fuel decomposition in a direct liquid fuel cell
US20060057437A1 (en) * 2004-09-15 2006-03-16 More Energy Ltd. Direct liquid fuel cell and method of peventing fuel decomposition in a direct liquid fuel cell
US20060210470A1 (en) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-21 Purdue Research Foundation System and method for generating hydrogen
WO2006134419A2 (fr) * 2005-06-15 2006-12-21 More Energy Ltd. Pile a combustible a hydrure eliminant l'hydrogene s'y formant
WO2006134419A3 (fr) * 2005-06-15 2007-12-27 More Energy Ltd Pile a combustible a hydrure eliminant l'hydrogene s'y formant
US20070140944A1 (en) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-21 Soloveichik Grigorii L Method for manufacturing magnesium borohydride
US7381390B2 (en) 2005-12-19 2008-06-03 General Electric Company Method for manufacturing magnesium borohydride
US20080035252A1 (en) * 2006-02-27 2008-02-14 Mallery Carl F Solid hydrogen fuel elements and methods of making the same
US20080014136A1 (en) * 2006-06-21 2008-01-17 General Electric Company Methods for preparing compositions which comprise magnesium borohydride, and related materials
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FR2845376A1 (fr) 2004-04-09
EP1405823A2 (fr) 2004-04-07
CN1496953A (zh) 2004-05-19
JP4361773B2 (ja) 2009-11-11
CN1226181C (zh) 2005-11-09
EP1405823A3 (fr) 2010-10-06
FR2845376B1 (fr) 2006-03-24
JP2004123532A (ja) 2004-04-22

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