US20040000472A1 - Distillation system - Google Patents

Distillation system Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040000472A1
US20040000472A1 US10/300,505 US30050502A US2004000472A1 US 20040000472 A1 US20040000472 A1 US 20040000472A1 US 30050502 A US30050502 A US 30050502A US 2004000472 A1 US2004000472 A1 US 2004000472A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
distillation
trays
process according
particulate material
packing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/300,505
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lawrence Smith
Gary Gildert
James Fair
A. Seibert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Catalytic Distillation Technologies
Original Assignee
Catalytic Distillation Technologies
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Catalytic Distillation Technologies filed Critical Catalytic Distillation Technologies
Priority to US10/300,505 priority Critical patent/US20040000472A1/en
Assigned to CATALYTIC DISTILLATION TECHNOLOGIES reassignment CATALYTIC DISTILLATION TECHNOLOGIES ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FAIR, JAMES R., SEIBERT, A. FRANK, GILDERT, GARY R., SMITH, LAWRENCE A., JR.
Priority to JP2004555296A priority patent/JP5020473B2/ja
Priority to EP03754640A priority patent/EP1567238A4/en
Priority to PCT/US2003/029108 priority patent/WO2004047941A2/en
Priority to MXPA05005251A priority patent/MXPA05005251A/es
Priority to AU2003272459A priority patent/AU2003272459A1/en
Priority to KR1020057008963A priority patent/KR101143074B1/ko
Priority to CNB038253089A priority patent/CN100369646C/zh
Priority to CA2506760A priority patent/CA2506760C/en
Publication of US20040000472A1 publication Critical patent/US20040000472A1/en
Priority to ZA200504066A priority patent/ZA200504066B/en
Priority to US11/207,147 priority patent/US7255777B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/009—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping in combination with chemical reactions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
    • B01D3/22—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid with horizontal sieve plates or grids; Construction of sieve plates or grids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/32—Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/32—Packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit or module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/324—Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/32466—Composition or microstructure of the elements comprising catalytically active material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/326—Mathematical modelling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S203/00—Distillation: processes, separatory
    • Y10S203/06—Reactor-distillation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for concurrently carrying out distillation or chemical reactions and separating the reactants and products by fractional distillation.
  • the commercial catalytic structure described therein comprises a cloth belt with a plurality of pockets spaced along the belt and containing particulate catalyst material.
  • the cloth belt with catalyst filled pockets is wound into a helix about a spacing material such as knitted stainless steel wire mesh, and these “bales” loaded into a distillation column.
  • U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,302,356, 4,443,559 and 4,250,052 disclose a variety of catalyst structures for this use. Placing the particulate catalyst loose on standard distillation trays has also been proposed. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,215,011 and U.K. patents GB 2,096,603 and 2,096,604.
  • 4,439,350 discloses a clip which holds and supports closed porous containers of catalyst spaced apart from each other on a distillation tray within the liquid on the tray.
  • the placement of the catalyst in the downcomers of standard distillation columns has been proposed as in U.S. Pat. No. 3,634,534.
  • Fluidization of the catalyst on the trays has also been suggested as in U.S. Pat. No. 4,471,154.
  • Some deficiencies of such fluidized beds were recognized in Chemiker Science/Chemische Apparatur, vol.90, no.13, July 1966 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,215,011. Quang, et al, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,847,430 and Nocca, et al in U.S. Pat. No.
  • 4 , 847 , 431 disclose loading the particulate catalyst on alternating trays of a distillation column and with a gas bypass about the catalyst loaded trays.
  • the use of solid glass beads to disperse and support a catalyst in a fixed bed has long been used, especially in pilot plants and bench scale reactors. See for example U.S. Pat. No. 4,918,244 wherein glass beads were used as a dispersant and support in a bench scale reactor distillation column. So far, one of the most commercially successful arrangements has been to the place the particulate catalyst in closed pockets disposed along a fiber glass cloth belt as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,215,011.
  • the present invention is related to these structures and catalytic distillation, but it is also related to distillation in general. It is an advantage of the present invention that greater tower efficiency may be obtained for conventional distillation trays by use of the present system. No art is known to suggest the present invention and in fact conventional knowledge would suggest the present invention would be counterproductive. The unexpected benefit of the present invention will be obvious from the disclosures herein.
  • a packing comprising a porous container containing a particulate material intimately associated with a resilient component, said resilient component being comprised of at least 50 volume % open space, preferably at least 70 volume % and positioned on trays provides height equivalent to theoretical plates (HETP) of less than said trays without said packing.
  • the packing may contain a catalytic particulate material and the distillation may involve reaction and distillation of the reaction products.
  • the particulate material may also be inert and the distillation of the conventional type to separate components in the distillation mixture without reaction.
  • the tray may be any of the conventional trays (or modifications thereof), such as sieve trays and bubble trays.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph showing improved HETP in inches for the present packed tray column compared to the same tray column without the packing.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a partial section of a distillation with the packing in place.
  • the present packing may fill the entire space between the trays or only so much of the area so as to obtain the benefit of the lower HETP.
  • the packed trays may have lower capacity than the non packed trays.
  • the limitation on the non packed trays is the liquid entrainment, whereas it appears that downcomer capacity is a limitation on the capacity for the present packed trays. Hydraulic calculation indicates the throughput limitation that the downcomer backup is likely to impose on the packed trays.
  • the equivalent clear liquid level in the downcomer must balance the vapor flow pressure drop as follows:
  • h da pressure loss for liquid flow under the downcomer baffle.
  • h d pressure loss for flow through one tray.
  • h L pressure loss for the two-phase flow through packing.
  • head can be expressed as clear liquid or as equivalent water.
  • h L is obtained from overall tray pressure drop measurements.
  • the particulate material may be employed by enclosing it in a porous container such as cloth, screen wire or polymeric mesh.
  • a porous container such as cloth, screen wire or polymeric mesh.
  • the material used to make the container must be inert to the reactants and conditions in the distillation or reaction/distillation system.
  • the cloth may be any material which meets this requirement such as cotton, fiber glass, polyester, nylon and the like.
  • the screen wire may be aluminum, steel, stainless steel and the like.
  • the polymer mesh may be nylon, teflon or the like.
  • the mesh or threads per inch of the material used to make the container is such that the particulate material is retained therein and will not pass through the openings. Particles of about 0.15 mm size or powders may be used and particles up to about 1 ⁇ 4 inch diameter may be employed in the containers.
  • the container employed to hold the catalyst particles may have any configuration, such as the pockets disclosed in the commonly assigned patents above or the container may be a single cylinder, sphere, doughnut, cube, tube or the like.
  • Each container containing a solid particulate material comprises a particulate component.
  • Each particulate component is intimately associated with a spacing component which is comprised of at least 70 volume % open space up to about 95 volume % open space.
  • This component may be rigid or resilient or a combination thereof.
  • the combination of catalyst component and spacing component form the catalytic distillation structure.
  • One suitable such material is open mesh knitted stainless wire, known generally as demister wire or an expanded aluminum.
  • Other resilient components may be similar open mesh knitted polymeric filaments of nylon, teflon and the like. It is only necessary that the spacing component intimately associated with the catalyst component will act to space the various catalyst components away from one another as described above. Thus, the spacing component provides in effect a matrix of substantially open space in which the catalyst components are randomly but substantially evenly distributed.
  • Rigid or non resilient spacing components are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,730,843 (which is incorporated herein in its entirety) where a rigid frame comprised of at least two substantially vertical duplicate grids, a plurality of substantially horizontal rigid members spacing and holding the grids apart and a plurality of substantially horizontal fluid permeable, preferably wire mesh, tubes mounted to said grids to form a plurality of fluid pathways among said tubes and preferably at least a portion of said wire mesh tubes contain a particulate material.
  • the container may cloth or other porous material which is inert in the environment of use. Cotton or linen is useful: but fiber glass cloth or “Teflon” cloth is preferred as is wire mesh.
  • the particulate material may be powder, but is generally larger, e.g. from 0.25 to 1 mm with larger particles up to 1 ⁇ 4 ′′ also being used.
  • FIG. 2 a partial column 10 is shown with sieve trays 12 and downcomers 14 . Between each tray the packing 16 , comprising the particle containers 20 and demister wire 18 . The packing 16 is arranged under the downcomer to the tray but leaving the downcomer from the tray on which it sits to remain open. In this embodiment the last few inches of space is filled with demister wire.
  • the data for FIG. 1 was obtained using a column having 6 sieve trays spaced at 18 inches at 24 psia of the separation of a cyclohexane/n-heptane mixture under total reflux.
  • the packing is formed by placing multiple link or continuous tube shaped structures on top of a wire mesh screen, such as demister wire.
  • the tube comprises flexible, semi-rigid wire mesh tubular element filled with a particulate catalytic material the tube shaped structure having a fastener every 1-12 inches in length to form a multiple link looking like a chain of screen wire sausages.
  • the packing is that described in U.S. Pat. No.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
US10/300,505 2002-03-15 2002-11-20 Distillation system Abandoned US20040000472A1 (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/300,505 US20040000472A1 (en) 2002-03-15 2002-11-20 Distillation system
CA2506760A CA2506760C (en) 2002-11-20 2003-09-16 Distillation system
MXPA05005251A MXPA05005251A (es) 2002-11-20 2003-09-16 Sistema de destilacion.
EP03754640A EP1567238A4 (en) 2002-11-20 2003-09-16 DISTILLATION SYSTEM
PCT/US2003/029108 WO2004047941A2 (en) 2002-11-20 2003-09-16 Distillation system
JP2004555296A JP5020473B2 (ja) 2002-11-20 2003-09-16 蒸留系
AU2003272459A AU2003272459A1 (en) 2002-11-20 2003-09-16 Distillation system
KR1020057008963A KR101143074B1 (ko) 2002-11-20 2003-09-16 증류 시스템
CNB038253089A CN100369646C (zh) 2002-11-20 2003-09-16 蒸馏系统
ZA200504066A ZA200504066B (en) 2002-11-20 2005-05-19 Distillation system
US11/207,147 US7255777B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2005-08-19 Distillation system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US36495002P 2002-03-15 2002-03-15
US10/300,505 US20040000472A1 (en) 2002-03-15 2002-11-20 Distillation system

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/207,147 Continuation US7255777B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2005-08-19 Distillation system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20040000472A1 true US20040000472A1 (en) 2004-01-01

Family

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/300,505 Abandoned US20040000472A1 (en) 2002-03-15 2002-11-20 Distillation system
US11/207,147 Expired - Lifetime US7255777B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2005-08-19 Distillation system

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/207,147 Expired - Lifetime US7255777B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2005-08-19 Distillation system

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (2) US20040000472A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1567238A4 (ja)
JP (1) JP5020473B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR101143074B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN100369646C (ja)
AU (1) AU2003272459A1 (ja)
CA (1) CA2506760C (ja)
MX (1) MXPA05005251A (ja)
WO (1) WO2004047941A2 (ja)
ZA (1) ZA200504066B (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9364810B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2016-06-14 Bayer Materialscience Ag Chemical reactor with knitted wire mesh fabric as a holding device for particles

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20042056A1 (it) * 2004-10-28 2005-01-28 Aser S R L Procedimento per la realizzazione di un riempimento per letti catalitici impaccati costituiti da resine e riempimento cosi'realizzato

Citations (14)

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US3809375A (en) * 1967-11-16 1974-05-07 Union Carbide Corp Rotary fluid contactor
US4201736A (en) * 1977-07-26 1980-05-06 Bott Theodore R Fluid distribution and contacting elements
US4361469A (en) * 1981-02-17 1982-11-30 Trutna William R Process for using cocurrent contacting distillation columns
US4439350A (en) * 1982-06-21 1984-03-27 Chemical Research & Licensing Company Contact structure for use in catalytic distillation
US4443559A (en) * 1981-09-30 1984-04-17 Chemical Research & Licensing Company Catalytic distillation structure
US4929399A (en) * 1988-03-17 1990-05-29 Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Inc. Structured column packing with liquid holdup
US5262094A (en) * 1990-05-25 1993-11-16 Uop Fractionation tray having packing immediately below tray deck
US5266546A (en) * 1992-06-22 1993-11-30 Chemical Research & Licensing Company Catalytic distillation machine
US5855741A (en) * 1990-02-06 1999-01-05 Koch Engineering Company, Inc. Apparatus for concurrent reaction with distillation
US5954924A (en) * 1995-09-29 1999-09-21 Yield Improvement Engineering, Inc. Distillation of vinylaromatic monomer
US6045762A (en) * 1997-01-22 2000-04-04 Governors Of The University Of Alberta Apparatus for catalytic distillation
US6357728B1 (en) * 1999-03-15 2002-03-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Optimal corrugated structured packing
US6513795B2 (en) * 1998-12-18 2003-02-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Mixed-resistance structured packing
US6762334B1 (en) * 2001-02-26 2004-07-13 Uop Llc Alkylaromatic process with removal of aromatic byproducts using efficient distillation

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US4215011A (en) * 1979-02-21 1980-07-29 Chemical Research And Licensing Company Catalyst system for separating isobutene from C4 streams
US4471154A (en) * 1983-06-10 1984-09-11 Chevron Research Company Staged, fluidized-bed distillation-reactor and a process for using such reactor
JPH0731280B2 (ja) * 1988-02-01 1995-04-10 株式会社神戸製鋼所 放射性金属廃棄物の減容固化方法
US5057468A (en) * 1990-05-21 1991-10-15 Chemical Research & Licensing Company Catalytic distillation structure
ES2114553T3 (es) * 1991-07-09 1998-06-01 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositivo de destilacion-reaccion y su utilizacion para la realizacion de reacciones equilibradas.
US5189001A (en) * 1991-09-23 1993-02-23 Chemical Research & Licensing Company Catalytic distillation structure
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JPH07251063A (ja) * 1994-03-15 1995-10-03 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd 化学反応および気液接触用充填物
US5730843A (en) 1995-12-29 1998-03-24 Chemical Research & Licensing Company Catalytic distillation structure
CA2325435A1 (en) * 1998-03-23 1999-09-30 Abb Lummus Global Inc. Fixed catalytic bed reactor
NL1017516C2 (nl) * 2001-03-06 2002-09-09 Tno Fractionering van vloeistofmengsels met behulp van membraancontactoren.

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3809375A (en) * 1967-11-16 1974-05-07 Union Carbide Corp Rotary fluid contactor
US4201736A (en) * 1977-07-26 1980-05-06 Bott Theodore R Fluid distribution and contacting elements
US4361469A (en) * 1981-02-17 1982-11-30 Trutna William R Process for using cocurrent contacting distillation columns
US4443559A (en) * 1981-09-30 1984-04-17 Chemical Research & Licensing Company Catalytic distillation structure
US4439350A (en) * 1982-06-21 1984-03-27 Chemical Research & Licensing Company Contact structure for use in catalytic distillation
US4929399A (en) * 1988-03-17 1990-05-29 Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Inc. Structured column packing with liquid holdup
US5855741A (en) * 1990-02-06 1999-01-05 Koch Engineering Company, Inc. Apparatus for concurrent reaction with distillation
US5262094A (en) * 1990-05-25 1993-11-16 Uop Fractionation tray having packing immediately below tray deck
US5266546A (en) * 1992-06-22 1993-11-30 Chemical Research & Licensing Company Catalytic distillation machine
US5954924A (en) * 1995-09-29 1999-09-21 Yield Improvement Engineering, Inc. Distillation of vinylaromatic monomer
US6045762A (en) * 1997-01-22 2000-04-04 Governors Of The University Of Alberta Apparatus for catalytic distillation
US6513795B2 (en) * 1998-12-18 2003-02-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Mixed-resistance structured packing
US6357728B1 (en) * 1999-03-15 2002-03-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Optimal corrugated structured packing
US6762334B1 (en) * 2001-02-26 2004-07-13 Uop Llc Alkylaromatic process with removal of aromatic byproducts using efficient distillation

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9364810B2 (en) 2010-11-18 2016-06-14 Bayer Materialscience Ag Chemical reactor with knitted wire mesh fabric as a holding device for particles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20050279622A1 (en) 2005-12-22
KR20050086735A (ko) 2005-08-30
AU2003272459A1 (en) 2004-06-18
CN1700946A (zh) 2005-11-23
JP2006506227A (ja) 2006-02-23
WO2004047941A3 (en) 2004-08-05
CA2506760C (en) 2010-06-08
JP5020473B2 (ja) 2012-09-05
KR101143074B1 (ko) 2012-05-08
CA2506760A1 (en) 2004-06-10
ZA200504066B (en) 2006-11-29
EP1567238A4 (en) 2006-02-08
CN100369646C (zh) 2008-02-20
WO2004047941A2 (en) 2004-06-10
EP1567238A2 (en) 2005-08-31
US7255777B2 (en) 2007-08-14
AU2003272459A8 (en) 2004-06-18
MXPA05005251A (es) 2005-07-25

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AS Assignment

Owner name: CATALYTIC DISTILLATION TECHNOLOGIES, TEXAS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SMITH, LAWRENCE A., JR.;GILDERT, GARY R.;FAIR, JAMES R.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:013512/0320;SIGNING DATES FROM 20021016 TO 20021115

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION