Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
  • A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals

Definitions

• the present invention relates to aqueous phytopathological formulations comprising at least one aminophosphate or aminophosphonate type herbicide and at least one betaine type principal surfactant associated with one or more particular additives.
• such aqueous formulations comprise additives known as biological activators the role of which is to increase the efficacy of the herbicide, for example by encouraging wetting of the plant by that active ingredient or by encouraging penetration into the plant.
• aqueous commercial formulations comprising active ingredients of the amino acid type cited above, one of the most frequently used biological activators is an ethoxylated amine.
• ethoxylated amine compounds are their chemical toxicity. They are irritants and are only slightly biodegradable. Further, they are highly ecotoxic, more particularly towards aquatic plant organisms (algae) or aquatic animals (insects, batrachia) even at low concentrations.
• the present invention aims to provide novel aqueous phytopathological formulations comprising at least one active ingredient, more particular a herbicide of the aminophosphate or aminophosphonate type, with a proportion of ethoxylated amine with respect to the herbicide that is lower than in the normal formulations, or even free of such amines, while retaining an activity that is at least equal to said formulations.
• aqueous phytopathological formulations comprising a hydrosoluble salt of at least one aminophosphate or aminophosphonate type herbicide; at least one principal surfactant selected from alkylbetaines and alkyl(amidoalkyl)betaines, and at least one additive selected from at least one of the following compounds:
• amines or etheramines comprising at least one hydrocarbon radical containing 2 to 24 carbon atoms, optionally polyalkoxylated;
• alkali metal alkaline-earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium, iron, zinc or manganese salts of a mineral acid.
• the formulation of the invention is stable on storage and does not cause problems during use. No gel appears, nor does the viscosity increase greatly during dilution prior to application.
• the formulation of the invention comprises, as an active ingredient, a hydrosoluble salt of at least one herbicide of the aminophosphate or aminophosphonate type.
• the formulations of the invention comprise at least one hydrosoluble salt of N-phosphonomethyl glycine.
• glyphosate will be used below to define hydrosoluble salts of N-phosphonomethyl glycine.
• Suitable salts that can more particularly be cited are the salts of alkali metals such as sodium or potassium; ammonium salts of the N(R) 4 + type in which radicals R, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or non linear, saturated or unsaturated C 1 -C 6 hydrocarbon radical that may be substituted by a hydroxyl group; or sulphonium salts; said salts being present alone or in a combination.
• Ammonium salts that can in particular be cited include secondary or primary amines such as isopropylamine, dimethylamine, diamines such as ethylenediamine, or alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine.
• Trimethylsulphonium is a perfectly suitable sulphonium salt.
• Preferred glyphosate derivatives for herbicidal application that can be cited are isopropylamine, the monoethanolamine salt and the trimethylsulphonium salt.
• the herbicide content of the aqueous formulations of the invention is in the range 80 to 510 g/l expressed in acid herbicide equivalents.
• the aqueous formulations comprises at least one principal surfactant selected from alkylbetaines and alkyl(amidoalkyl)betaines.
• the principal surfactant corresponds to one or more of the following formulae:
• R 1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group containing 3 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms, such as propyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl or an alkamide group, such as dodecanamide;
• R 2 which may or may not be identical, represent an alkyl radical, preferably a methyl radical
• R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a —CH 2 COOM radical or an alkyl radical
• M represents an alkali metal, preferably sodium.
• Said compounds which can be used in the invention as principal surfactants, are commercially available products and are sold by Rhodia Chimie under the trade names Mirataine® and Wettem®.
• said commercially available products can be used as they are, without undergoing an initial treatment to reduce the amount of salt, for example (sodium chloride in particular).
• the amount of principal surfactant in the phytopathological formulation of the invention is advantageously in the range 20 to 180 g/l.
• the phytopathological formulations of the invention comprise at least one additive selected from at least one of the following compounds:
• amines or etheramines comprising at least one hydrocarbon radical containing 2 to 24 carbon atoms, optionally polyalkoxylated;
• alkali metal alkaline-earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium, iron, zinc or manganese salts of a mineral acid.
• compounds (i) are more particularly selected from amines comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated radical containing 2 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, optionally comprising 2 to 30 oxyalkylene motifs, preferably oxyethylene, or a mixture of a plurality thereof.
• compounds (i) are selected from etheramines comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated radical containing 6 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally comprising 2 to 30 oxyalkylene motifs, preferably oxyethylene, or a mixture of a plurality thereof. More particularly, the etheramines correspond to the following formula:
• formula R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical containing 6 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 20 carbon atoms; OA, which may or may not be identical from one motif to another and from one branch to another, represent an oxyethylene motif, preferably oxypropylene; and n, n′, which may or may not be identical, represent a mean number in the range 1 to 30.
• amines derived from copra and containing 5 oxyethylene (OE) motifs examples include amines derived from copra and containing 5 oxyethylene (OE) motifs, oleic amines containing 5 OE, amines derived from tallow containing 10 OE, etheramines corresponding to the above formula, in which radical R is an alkyl radical containing 12 to 15 carbon atoms, the number of OE motifs being in the range 20 to 30.
• OE oxyethylene
• the amount of compounds (i) represents 0 to 120 g/l of the formulation.
• the amount of this type of compound is in the range 0 to 60 g/l.
• the phytopathological formulations are free of them.
• A which may or may not be identical, represent a group R′ 1 -O(CH 2 -CHR′ 2 -O) n in which:
• R′ 1 which may or may not be identical, represent a linear or non linear, saturated or unsaturated C 6 -C 20 hydrocarbon radical, preferably C 8 -C 18 ;
• R′ 2 which may or may not be identical, represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl or ethyl radical, preferably a hydrogen atom;
• n is a mean number of motifs in the range 0 to 10, preferably in the range 2 to 10;
• M which may or may not be identical, represent a hydrogen atom, an alkali or alkaline-earth metal, a N(R 3 ) 4 + type radical in which radicals R 3 , which may or may not be identical, represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or non linear, saturated or unsaturated C 1 -C 6 hydrocarbon radical optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group;
• m is a whole number in the range 1 to 2.
• compound (ii) can be in the form of a monoester, a diester, or a mixture of these two esters.
• the amount of compound (ii), if present in the formulation of the invention is in the range 0 to 120 g/l.
• Compound (iii) is advantageously selected from alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, ammonium, or linear or non linear, saturated or unsaturated C 1 -C 6 alkylammonium or alkanolammonium sulphates, nitrates or phosphates; or from iron, zinc or manganese sulphates, used alone or as a mixture.
• the amount of compound (iii) in the formulations, if present, is more particularly in the range 0 to 200 g/l.
• the proportion by weight of principal surfactant/sum of additives (i) to (iii) is in the range 6/1 to 1/2.
• the total amount of principal surfactant and additive(s) represents 60 to 180 g/l of the formulation.
• the formulations can also comprise additives that are conventional in the field such as anti-foaming agents, for example organopolysiloxanes; or thickening agents such as xanthan gum type polysaccharides, alginates, carboxylated or hydroxylated methylcelluloses, synthetic macromolecules of the polyacrylate, polymaleate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol type, or of the inorganic type such as bentonites.
• anti-foaming agents for example organopolysiloxanes
• thickening agents such as xanthan gum type polysaccharides, alginates, carboxylated or hydroxylated methylcelluloses, synthetic macromolecules of the polyacrylate, polymaleate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol type, or of the inorganic type such as bentonites.
• the formulation can also comprise auxiliary additives such as antioxidants, anti-UV agents, colorants, etc.
• the amount of these additives listed above is normally less than 10% by weight, preferably 1% by weight or less, advantageously 0.1% by weight or less compared with the composition weight.
• compositions of the invention can be prepared by mixing their different constituents with moderate stirring.
• This operation preferably takes place at a temperature in the range 15° C. to 60° C., preferably at a temperature close to ambient temperature (15-30° C.).
• the principal surfactant is preferably only added once the other constituents have been mixed.
• the phytopathological formulations of the invention are thus used to treat plants, normally after diluting with water.
• a mixture with the following composition was prepared in water: glyophosate isopropylamine salt (46% acid) 360 g/l Mirataine ® D40 (*) 80 g/l Geronol ® CF/AR (**) 20 g/l oleic amine containing 5 OE motifs 20 g/l
• Geronol® CF/AR (sold by Rhodia Geronazzo) is a mixture of mono- and di-ester phosphates with formula (I) from saturated C 4 -C 10 aliphatic alcohols and comprising a mean of 3 to 8 motifs of ethylene oxide, and M is isopropyl ammonium.
• a composition was obtained the efficacy of which was equivalent to a composition comprising the same amount of glyphosate (expressed as the acid equivalent) and with a concentration of 180 g/l of ethoxylated oleic amine (15 motifs).
• a mixture with the following composition was prepared in water: A mixture with the following composition was prepared in water: glyphosate isopropylamine salt (46% acid) 360 g/l Wettem ® MEI (*) 100 g/l ammonium sulphate 19 g/l
• a composition was obtained the efficacy of which was equivalent to a composition comprising the same amount of glyphosate (expressed as the acid equivalent) and with a concentration of 180 g/l of ethoxylated oleic amine (15 motifs).

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Plant Pathology (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

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