US20030051987A1 - Low temperature coal carbonizing process - Google Patents

Low temperature coal carbonizing process Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030051987A1
US20030051987A1 US09/954,928 US95492801A US2003051987A1 US 20030051987 A1 US20030051987 A1 US 20030051987A1 US 95492801 A US95492801 A US 95492801A US 2003051987 A1 US2003051987 A1 US 2003051987A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
retort
set forth
coal fuel
making coal
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US09/954,928
Inventor
Marshall Owen
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US09/954,928 priority Critical patent/US20030051987A1/en
Publication of US20030051987A1 publication Critical patent/US20030051987A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
    • C10B1/04—Vertical retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
    • C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the field of carbonizing coal.
  • a first object of the invention is to introduce a continuous feed system for char manufacture.
  • a second object is to use heat developed to optimize production.
  • a third object is the creation of a clean carbon rich solid fuel for boilers and home heating.
  • a fourth object is a higher btu per pound fuel.
  • a fifth object is oil recovery and removal of tars liquors and chemicals from coal.
  • FIG. 1 is a system drawing.
  • a feed bin as shown in 1 is conical in shape and sized appropriately to the retort 2 which it feeds via feeding control system 3 .
  • the driving force for feeding is gravity.
  • the amount of coal fed 4 to the retort is controlled by valves or hatches 5 controlled by sensing means 6 which can be infrared or other appropriate means. Data is gathered at the top entrance 6 of the retort 2 and the bottom/exit 7 in order to maintain a volume in the retort to optimize heat processing.
  • the coal 4 entering the retort 2 at the entrance 6 is subjected to temperatures ranging from 250° C. to 400° C. As the coal falls deeper into the retort 2 the temperature increases from 450° C. to 600° C. At the lowest level of the retort the temperature range from 600° C. to 960° C. is generated by hot gasses 8 in a distribution annulus 9 situated on an outer circumference of the retort 2 .
  • the hot gas is superheated and introduced into the retort.
  • the flow through the heated portion takes approximately four hours.
  • Below the annulus 9 the coal is allowed to cool.
  • the cooling gases 11 are introduced into the cooling section at the lowest level ranging from 200° C. to 300° C. Cooled gas is continuously recirculated to a heating means to be superheated and introduced to the annulus 8 .
  • the output after cooling is dropped to a storage chamber and is now reactive char 12 .
  • This char 12 is the clean fuel coal.
  • the retort 2 has a gas outlet which is plumbed to a scrubber means 13 .
  • the scrubber 13 uses cool water 14 to clean and cool the gases.
  • the water is then cooled and volatile gases are fed to the heating means as a fuel to superheat the annulus gases.
  • the condensation from the scrubber and water cooling is collected as an oil/tar liquor which can be treated as a beneficial oil byproduct.
  • oxygen is controlled to avoid coal ignition.

Abstract

This invention is a system for manufacturing char having a continuous operation and optimizing heat generation and retention elements.

Description

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention relates generally to the field of carbonizing coal. [0001]
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • The prior art contains various methods of manufacture including UK patent 445,342 to Morrell. The prior art has not taken advantage of application to heat capture technology and was operated in a batch mode rather than the more efficient continuous feed approach developed here. [0002]
    • OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
  • A first object of the invention is to introduce a continuous feed system for char manufacture. [0003]
  • A second object is to use heat developed to optimize production. [0004]
  • A third object is the creation of a clean carbon rich solid fuel for boilers and home heating. [0005]
  • A fourth object is a higher btu per pound fuel. [0006]
  • A fifth object is oil recovery and removal of tars liquors and chemicals from coal.[0007]
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a system drawing.[0008]
    • DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • A feed bin as shown in [0009] 1 is conical in shape and sized appropriately to the retort 2 which it feeds via feeding control system 3. The driving force for feeding is gravity.
  • The amount of coal fed [0010] 4 to the retort is controlled by valves or hatches 5 controlled by sensing means 6 which can be infrared or other appropriate means. Data is gathered at the top entrance 6 of the retort 2 and the bottom/exit 7 in order to maintain a volume in the retort to optimize heat processing.
  • The [0011] coal 4 entering the retort 2 at the entrance 6 is subjected to temperatures ranging from 250° C. to 400° C. As the coal falls deeper into the retort 2 the temperature increases from 450° C. to 600° C. At the lowest level of the retort the temperature range from 600° C. to 960° C. is generated by hot gasses 8 in a distribution annulus 9 situated on an outer circumference of the retort 2.
  • The hot gas is superheated and introduced into the retort. The flow through the heated portion takes approximately four hours. Below the annulus [0012] 9, the coal is allowed to cool. The cooling gases 11 are introduced into the cooling section at the lowest level ranging from 200° C. to 300° C. Cooled gas is continuously recirculated to a heating means to be superheated and introduced to the annulus 8. The output after cooling is dropped to a storage chamber and is now reactive char 12. This char 12 is the clean fuel coal.
  • The retort [0013] 2 has a gas outlet which is plumbed to a scrubber means 13. The scrubber 13 uses cool water 14 to clean and cool the gases. The water is then cooled and volatile gases are fed to the heating means as a fuel to superheat the annulus gases. The condensation from the scrubber and water cooling is collected as an oil/tar liquor which can be treated as a beneficial oil byproduct. Throughout the process oxygen is controlled to avoid coal ignition.
  • Obviously, numerous (additional) modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. [0014]

Claims (7)

Claims of the invention:
1. An apparatus for making coal fuel comprising a retort substantially conical in shape comprising feeding means further comprising control means, heating means for heating an annular tube encompassing a base of said heated portion and a cooling portion disposed below said heated portion and means for communicating herewith by closeable hatch means, said cooling portion further comprising cooling means.
2. An apparatus for making coal fuel as set forth in claim 1 further comprising heat scavenging means.
3. An apparatus for making coal fuel as set forth in claim 2 wherein said retort comprises continuous feeding means.
4. An apparatus for making coal fuel as set forth in claim 1 wherein said retort ranges in temperature between 250° C. and 950° C. in said heated portion.
5. An apparatus for making coal fuel as set forth in claim 1 wherein said retort ranges in temperature between 400° C. and 300° C. in said cooling portion.
6. An apparatus for making coal fuel as set forth in claim 2 wherein said scavenging means comprises means for capturing heated gas flowing upward out of said retort, means for scrubbing said gas, means for cooling said gas back to said heating means to reduce energy consumption, further comprising heat exchange means for capturing waste heat from said cooling portion of said retort and supplementing energy in part with said waste heat.
7. An apparatus for making coal fuel as set forth in claim 5 further comprising means for capturing hydrocarbon liquor from vapor condensed from said retort gas.
US09/954,928 2001-09-18 2001-09-18 Low temperature coal carbonizing process Abandoned US20030051987A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/954,928 US20030051987A1 (en) 2001-09-18 2001-09-18 Low temperature coal carbonizing process

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/954,928 US20030051987A1 (en) 2001-09-18 2001-09-18 Low temperature coal carbonizing process

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US20030051987A1 true US20030051987A1 (en) 2003-03-20

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080149471A1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2008-06-26 Nucor Corporation Pyrolyzer furnace apparatus and method for operation thereof
CN102575179A (en) * 2009-10-28 2012-07-11 株式会社Ihi Method and device for combustion engine temperature control in gasification equipment
US9045693B2 (en) 2006-12-26 2015-06-02 Nucor Corporation Pyrolyzer furnace apparatus and method for operation thereof

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US955970A (en) * 1907-06-19 1910-04-26 Ernst Georg Bernhard Koerting Process of charging upright gas-retorts.
US1671448A (en) * 1924-09-30 1928-05-29 Plassmann Josef Retort for carbonizing bituminous fuels
US1699448A (en) * 1929-01-15 Process and apparatus for making coke
US1775323A (en) * 1925-06-17 1930-09-09 Internat Coal Carbonization Co Carbonizing of coal
US1980245A (en) * 1930-01-07 1934-11-13 Carlton Main Colliery Company Retort for use in the low temperature distillation of carbonaceous material
US2186169A (en) * 1935-04-12 1940-01-09 Hadamovsky Paul Low temperature carbonizing retort
US3661722A (en) * 1967-08-25 1972-05-09 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Apparatus for carbonizing carbonaceous materials with direct contact heat exchange material
US3661719A (en) * 1970-10-28 1972-05-09 John J Kelmar Non-polluting by-product coal carbonization plant
US4126519A (en) * 1977-09-12 1978-11-21 Edward Koppelman Apparatus and method for thermal treatment of organic carbonaceous material
US4557733A (en) * 1984-11-05 1985-12-10 Peabody Development Company Formcoke process
US5318672A (en) * 1991-02-07 1994-06-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for heating a low-temperature-carbonization drum

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1699448A (en) * 1929-01-15 Process and apparatus for making coke
US955970A (en) * 1907-06-19 1910-04-26 Ernst Georg Bernhard Koerting Process of charging upright gas-retorts.
US1671448A (en) * 1924-09-30 1928-05-29 Plassmann Josef Retort for carbonizing bituminous fuels
US1775323A (en) * 1925-06-17 1930-09-09 Internat Coal Carbonization Co Carbonizing of coal
US1980245A (en) * 1930-01-07 1934-11-13 Carlton Main Colliery Company Retort for use in the low temperature distillation of carbonaceous material
US2186169A (en) * 1935-04-12 1940-01-09 Hadamovsky Paul Low temperature carbonizing retort
US3661722A (en) * 1967-08-25 1972-05-09 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Apparatus for carbonizing carbonaceous materials with direct contact heat exchange material
US3661719A (en) * 1970-10-28 1972-05-09 John J Kelmar Non-polluting by-product coal carbonization plant
US4126519A (en) * 1977-09-12 1978-11-21 Edward Koppelman Apparatus and method for thermal treatment of organic carbonaceous material
US4557733A (en) * 1984-11-05 1985-12-10 Peabody Development Company Formcoke process
US5318672A (en) * 1991-02-07 1994-06-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for heating a low-temperature-carbonization drum

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080149471A1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2008-06-26 Nucor Corporation Pyrolyzer furnace apparatus and method for operation thereof
US8444828B2 (en) 2006-12-26 2013-05-21 Nucor Corporation Pyrolyzer furnace apparatus and method for operation thereof
US9045693B2 (en) 2006-12-26 2015-06-02 Nucor Corporation Pyrolyzer furnace apparatus and method for operation thereof
CN102575179A (en) * 2009-10-28 2012-07-11 株式会社Ihi Method and device for combustion engine temperature control in gasification equipment

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