CN105331377A - Coal pyrolysis method and system - Google Patents
Coal pyrolysis method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105331377A CN105331377A CN201510785455.3A CN201510785455A CN105331377A CN 105331377 A CN105331377 A CN 105331377A CN 201510785455 A CN201510785455 A CN 201510785455A CN 105331377 A CN105331377 A CN 105331377A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal pyrolysis method and system. The method comprises the steps that 1, coal is pyrolyzed in a revolving bed pyrolysis reactor to obtain a gas-oil mixture and pyrolysis semicoke; 2, the gas-oil mixture is cooled to obtain tar and coal gas; 3, some pyrolysis semicoke and some coal gas are combusted with air to obtain heat supply smoke and ash; 4, the ash is returned to the step 1 to be mixed with coal to be supplied to the revolving bed pyrolysis reactor, and the heat supply smoke is returned to a radiation heating pipe of the revolving bed pyrolysis reactor in the step 1 to be used as a heat source, so that cooled smoke is obtained. By the adoption of the method, efficient pyrolysis of coal is achieved, the tar yield is high, meanwhile, the problem of the high energy consumption in the prior art can be solved, and therefore the disposal cost is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of method and system of pyrolyzing coal.
Background technology
Falling sharply with high-quality coal stock number along with domestic energy demand increases day by day, in a foreseeable future, is that the low-rank coal of representative transforms the potentiality place that comprehensive utilization will become support future source of energy demand with brown coal.In recent years, utilize technology to launch large quantity research for brown coal upgrading both at home and abroad, object is to improve ature of coal, improves economy and the security of brown coal utilization, expands its range of application.The low-rank coal of current formation utilizes technology school numerous, and level is uneven, and some has carried out back yard industryization demonstration, and major part is also in the laboratory study stage, lacks the objective evaluation analysis to all kinds of technology in industry.
Pyrolytic process of coal is a lot, and products scheme is also different, can classify according to different methods by the type of operational condition, thermal barrier, type of heating, raw material running status.1) the outer heat of external-heat, internal heat type and interior heat can be divided into hybrid by type of heating.Heating medium in external-heat technology does not directly contact with raw material, and heat is imported into by tube wall; The heating medium of internal heat type stove directly contacts with raw material.2) solid heat carrier method and air heat support methods two kinds is then had by the difference of heating medium.The semicoke that solid thermal carriers are produced by pyrolysis or heat ash, as thermal cyclic carrier, make full use of pyrolysis solid heat energy; Gaseous heat-carrier as thermal cyclic carrier, carries out drying and carbonization by high-temperature hot flue gas or indifferent gas.3) according to the operation conditions of solid materials in major equipment (reactor), rotating bed, fixed bed, fluidized-bed, air flow bed and rolling bed (rotary kiln/kiln) technology etc. can be divided into.
In current pyrolytic process of coal, solid heat-carrying method has had a large amount of experimental studies and good industrial practical experience, is acknowledged as a kind of method for pyrolysis preferably, Gu solid heat transfer is very fast, but thermal barrier large usage quantity usually, this runs equipment and proposes higher requirement.In addition, no matter be as thermal barrier, all need by extra fuel combustion to its heat supply using high temperature upgraded coal or other solid materials (as porcelain ball etc.), cause whole process thermal efficiency lower; Recycle as thermal barrier using pyrolysis Jiao separately, circulation consumption is large, and the upgraded coal product obtained is the mixture of burned cinder and fresh cinder, and its utility value as high-grade fuel is lower; In actually operating, heavy tar and upgraded coal fine particle stick to the inwall of cyclonic separator and cooling line, the steady running of influential system; Traditional solid thermal carriers pyrolytic process of coal adopts mechanical stirring to carry out mixing of materials usually, brings difficulty also to while consuming a large amount of power the amplification of technique.Internal-heating gas heat carrier pyrolysis technique separately using gas as thermal source, gas heat-carrying energy consumption is very high, and gas entrainment dust is harsh to subsequent handling equipment requirements, directly affects the quality of the major pyrolytic products such as burnt oil and gas simultaneously.
Therefore, the technology of existing pyrolyzing coal is further improved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve one of technical problem in correlation technique at least to a certain extent.For this reason, one object of the present invention is the method and system proposing a kind of pyrolyzing coal, and the method can realize the high-efficiency thermal decomposition of coal, and tar yield is high, can solve the difficult problem that in prior art, energy consumption is high simultaneously, thus effectively reduce processing cost.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method of pyrolyzing coal.According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises:
(1) coal is carried out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, to obtain gas-oil mixture and pyrolysis char;
(2) described gas-oil mixture is carried out cooling process, to obtain burnt oil and gas; And
(3) part for a part for described pyrolysis char and described coal gas and air are burnt, to obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash; And
(4) described lime-ash is returned after step (1) mixes with described coal and be supplied to described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, and return the radiation heating tube of the described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor in step (1) as thermal source using described for heat smoke, to obtain flue gas of lowering the temperature.
Thus, the high-efficiency thermal decomposition of coal can be realized according to the method for the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention, and tar yield is high, the difficult problem that in prior art, energy consumption is high can be solved simultaneously, thus effectively reduce processing cost.
In addition, the method for pyrolyzing coal according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, the method for described pyrolyzing coal comprises further: (5), before described coal is carried out pyrolysis processing in described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, carry out drying treatment to described coal in advance.Thus, the pyrolysis efficiency of coal can be significantly improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method of described pyrolyzing coal comprises further: (6) are before carrying out cooling process by described gas-oil mixture, in advance dust removal process is carried out to described gas-oil mixture, so that oil gas and semicoke particle after obtaining dedusting.Thus, the quality of burnt oil and gas can be significantly improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method of described pyrolyzing coal comprises further: (7) using the described radiation heating tube returning the described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor in step (1) for heat smoke as before thermal source, dust removal process is carried out for heat smoke in advance, so that for heat smoke and grey solid impurity particle after obtaining dedusting by described; And described grey solid impurity particle returns after step (1) mixes with described coal and is supplied to described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor by (8).Thus, raw material availability can be significantly improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method for described pyrolyzing coal comprises further: another part of described pyrolysis char and described semicoke particle and described cooling flue gas are carried out heat exchange process by (9), to obtain cooling semicoke and intensification flue gas; And described intensification flue gas is returned step (5) and carries out drying treatment to described coal by (10).Thus, energy consumption can be reduced further.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of system of pyrolyzing coal.According to embodiments of the invention, this system is for implementing the method for above-mentioned pyrolyzing coal.According to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises:
Rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor has material inlet, heat supply smoke inlet, cooling exhanst gas outlet, gas-oil mixture outlet and pyrolysis char outlet, and be suitable for coal to carry out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, to obtain gas-oil mixture and pyrolysis char;
Refrigerating unit, described refrigerating unit has gas-oil mixture entrance, tar outlet and gas exit, and described gas-oil mixture entrance exports with described gas-oil mixture and is connected, and is suitable for described gas-oil mixture to carry out cooling process, to obtain burnt oil and gas;
Combustion unit, described combustion unit has gas inlet, gas entry, pyrolysis char entrance, lime-ash outlet and heat supply exhanst gas outlet, described gas entry is connected with described gas exit, described pyrolysis char entrance exports with described pyrolysis char and is connected, described lime-ash outlet is connected with described material inlet, described heat supply exhanst gas outlet is connected with described heat supply smoke inlet, and be suitable for a part for a part for described pyrolysis char and described coal gas and air to burn, to obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash, and described lime-ash is returned mix with described coal after be supplied to described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, the radiation heating tube of described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor is returned as thermal source for heat smoke using described, to obtain flue gas of lowering the temperature.
Thus, the high-efficiency thermal decomposition of coal can be realized according to the system of the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention, and tar yield is high, the difficult problem that in prior art, energy consumption is high can be solved simultaneously, thus effectively reduce processing cost.
In addition, the system of pyrolyzing coal according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, the system of described pyrolyzing coal comprises further: drying installation, described drying installation is connected with described material inlet, and is suitable for, before described coal is carried out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, carrying out drying treatment in advance to described coal.Thus, the pyrolysis efficiency of coal can be significantly improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the system of described pyrolyzing coal comprises further: the first cleaning apparatus, described first cleaning apparatus has oil gas vent and semicoke particle outlet after gas-oil mixture import, dedusting, described gas-oil mixture import exports with described gas-oil mixture and is connected, after described dedusting, oil gas vent is connected with described gas-oil mixture entrance, and be suitable for before described gas-oil mixture is carried out cooling process, in advance dust removal process is carried out to described gas-oil mixture, so that oil gas and semicoke particle after obtaining dedusting.Thus, the quality of burnt oil and gas can be significantly improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the system of described pyrolyzing coal comprises further: the second cleaning apparatus, described second cleaning apparatus has dust-laden heat supply smoke inlet, heat supply exhanst gas outlet and lime-ash particle outlet after dedusting, described dust-laden heat supply smoke inlet is connected with described heat supply exhanst gas outlet, after described dedusting, heat supply exhanst gas outlet is connected with described heat supply smoke inlet, described lime-ash particle outlet is connected with described material inlet, and be suitable for using the described radiation heating tube returning described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor for heat smoke as before thermal source, dust removal process is carried out for heat smoke in advance by described, so that for heat smoke and grey solid impurity particle after obtaining dedusting, and described grey solid impurity particle is returned described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor.Thus, raw material availability can be significantly improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the system of described pyrolyzing coal comprises further: coke quenching device, described coke quenching device has pyrolysis char import, cooling gas approach, semicoke article inlet, the outlet of cooling semicoke and intensification exhanst gas outlet, described pyrolysis char import exports with described pyrolysis char and is connected, described semicoke article inlet is connected with described semicoke particle outlet, described cooling gas approach is connected with described cooling exhanst gas outlet, described intensification exhanst gas outlet is connected with described drying installation, and be suitable for another part of described pyrolysis char and described semicoke particle and described cooling flue gas to carry out heat exchange process, to obtain cooling semicoke and intensification flue gas, and described intensification flue gas is returned described drying installation.Thus, energy consumption can be reduced further.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will become obvious and easy understand from accompanying drawing below combining to the description of embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram of pyrolyzing coal according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the method flow schematic diagram of the pyrolyzing coal according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the method flow schematic diagram of the pyrolyzing coal according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the method flow schematic diagram of the pyrolyzing coal according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the method flow schematic diagram of the pyrolyzing coal according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the method flow schematic diagram of the pyrolyzing coal according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the system architecture schematic diagram of pyrolyzing coal according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the pyrolyzing coal according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the pyrolyzing coal according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the pyrolyzing coal according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the pyrolyzing coal according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the pyrolyzing coal according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention be interpreted as.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axis ", " radial direction ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " circumference " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or imply the quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, be limited with " first ", the feature of " second " can express or impliedly comprise at least one this feature.In describing the invention, the implication of " multiple " is at least two, such as two, three etc., unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or integral; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary indirect contact.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " below " and " below " can be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or tiltedly below, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method of pyrolyzing coal.According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises: coal is carried out pyrolysis processing by (1) in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, to obtain gas-oil mixture and pyrolysis char; (2) described gas-oil mixture is carried out cooling process, to obtain burnt oil and gas; (3) part for a part for described pyrolysis char and described coal gas and air are burnt, to obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash; And described lime-ash returns after step (1) mixes with described coal and is supplied to described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor by (4), and return the radiation heating tube of the described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor in step (1) as thermal source using described for heat smoke, to obtain flue gas of lowering the temperature.Contriver finds, by adopting rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, pyrolysis processing is carried out to coal, because rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating, material in pyrolytic process is heated evenly, thus the pyrolysis efficiency of coal can be significantly improved, and tar yield is higher, rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating simultaneously, the gas-oil mixture that the flue gas that produces in radiator tube and rotating bed pyrolysis reactor inside are produced is isolated, thus tar and gas quality can be significantly improved, secondly by a part for the coal gas produced in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor and semicoke is carried out burning semicoke heated, then the semicoke after this heating is mixed with coal, semicoke after heating can be conducted heat to coal as solid thermal carriers, and being supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor after mixing can as the auxiliary thermal source of pyrolysis processing process, additionally by returning the radiation heating tube of rotating bed pyrolysis reactor as thermal source using what produce in combustion processes for heat smoke, can the efficiency utilization of waste heat in implementation procedure, thus significantly reduce processing cost.
Method below with reference to the pyrolyzing coal of Fig. 1-5 pairs of embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises:
S100: coal is carried out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor
According to embodiments of the invention, coal is carried out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, thus gas-oil mixture and pyrolysis char can be obtained.Concrete, rotating bed pyrolysis reactor is provided with multiple radiation heating tube, this radiation heating tube is by combustion fuel or pass into flue gas for rotating bed pyrolysis reactor and provide radiant heat source, coal carries out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor inside, and the gas-oil mixture of generation is discharged through reactor head pipeline.Thus, by adopting rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, pyrolysis processing is carried out to coal, because rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating, material in pyrolytic process is heated evenly, thus the pyrolysis efficiency of coal can be significantly improved, and tar yield is higher, and rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating simultaneously, the gas-oil mixture that the flue gas that produces in radiator tube and rotating bed pyrolysis reactor inside are produced is isolated, thus can significantly improve tar and gas quality.
S200: gas-oil mixture is carried out cooling process
According to embodiments of the invention, gas-oil mixture obtained above is carried out cooling process, thus burnt oil and gas can be obtained.Thus, the separation of the burnt oil and gas in gas-oil mixture can be realized.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, purifying treatment can be carried out to the coal gas of resulting separation, thus can coal gas be purified.It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the condition of cooling process and purifying treatment according to actual needs.
S300 a: part for pyrolysis char and a part for coal gas and air are burnt
According to embodiments of the invention, a part for pyrolysis char obtained above and a part for coal gas and air are burnt, thus can obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash.In this step, concrete, air and pyrolysis char and coal gas can be blasted by blower fan and burn, partial thermal decomposition semicoke is wherein burnt under the igniting of air and coal gas, heat treated is carried out to residue pyrolysis char, thus can obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash.
S400: lime-ash is returned after step S100 mixes with coal and be supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, and using the radiation heating tube of rotating bed pyrolysis reactor that returns for heat smoke in step S100 as thermal source
According to embodiments of the invention, lime-ash obtained above is returned after step S100 mixes with coal and is supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, and return the radiation heating tube of the rotating bed pyrolysis reactor in step S100 as thermal source using what obtain for heat smoke, thus flue gas of lowering the temperature can be obtained.Thus, by obtained lime-ash is mixed with coal, lime-ash after heating can be conducted heat to coal as solid thermal carriers, and being supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor after mixing can as the auxiliary thermal source of pyrolysis processing process, and return the radiation heating tube of the rotating bed pyrolysis reactor in step S100 as thermal source using what produce for heat smoke, the utilization ratio of energy in process can be significantly improved, thus while improving pyrolysis of coal efficiency further, improve the heat utilization efficiency of internal system, and then significantly reduce processing cost.
Method according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention carries out pyrolysis processing by adopting rotating bed pyrolysis reactor to coal, because rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating, material in pyrolytic process is heated evenly, thus the pyrolysis efficiency of coal can be significantly improved, and tar yield is higher, rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating simultaneously, the gas-oil mixture that the flue gas that produces in radiator tube and rotating bed pyrolysis reactor inside are produced is isolated, thus tar and gas quality can be significantly improved, secondly by a part for the coal gas produced in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor and semicoke is carried out burning semicoke heated, then the semicoke after this heating is mixed with coal, semicoke after heating can be conducted heat to coal as solid thermal carriers, and being supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor after mixing can as the auxiliary thermal source of pyrolysis processing process, additionally by returning the radiation heating tube of rotating bed pyrolysis reactor as thermal source using what produce in combustion processes for heat smoke, can the efficiency utilization of waste heat in implementation procedure, thus significantly reduce processing cost.
With reference to figure 2, the method according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
S500: in advance drying treatment was carried out to coal before coal is carried out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor
According to embodiments of the invention, before coal is carried out pyrolysis processing, drying treatment can be carried out to coal in advance.Thus, effectively can reduce the moisture in coal, thus improve the pyrolysis efficiency of coal further.It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the actual conditions of drying treatment according to actual needs.
With reference to figure 3, the method according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
S600: in advance dust removal process was carried out to gas-oil mixture before gas-oil mixture is carried out cooling process
According to embodiments of the invention, before gas-oil mixture is carried out cooling process, in advance dust removal process is carried out to gas-oil mixture, thus oil gas and semicoke particle after dedusting can be obtained.Thus, dust removal process was carried out in advance before gas-oil separation is carried out to gas-oil mixture, the semicoke particle that can carry in efficient recovery gas-oil mixture, thus not only can significantly improve the quality of green coke oil and gas, and significantly can reduce the waste of semicoke.
With reference to figure 4, the method according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
S700: at the radiation heating tube of the rotating bed pyrolysis reactor that will return for heat smoke in step S100 as before thermal source, dust removal process will be carried out for heat smoke in advance
According to embodiments of the invention, at the radiation heating tube of the rotating bed pyrolysis reactor that will return for heat smoke in step S100 as before thermal source, dust removal process will be carried out for heat smoke in advance, thus for heat smoke and grey solid impurity particle after dedusting can be obtained.Thus, the efficiency utilization for material waste heat in heat smoke in subsequent process can be realized.
S800: grey solid impurity particle is returned after step S100 mixes with coal and is supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor
According to embodiments of the invention, grey solid impurity particle obtained above is returned after step S100 mixes with coal and is supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor.Thus, by grey solid impurity particle is mixed with coal, make grey solid impurity particle as thermophore, waste heat can be transmitted coal supply, thus internal system heat utilization ratio can be improved, and then reduce overall energy consumption.
With reference to figure 5, the method according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
S900: another part of pyrolysis char and semicoke particle are carried out heat exchange process with cooling flue gas
According to embodiments of the invention, another part of pyrolysis char and semicoke particle are carried out heat exchange process with cooling flue gas, to obtain cooling semicoke and intensification flue gas.Thus, by another part of semicoke, semicoke particle are carried out heat exchange with cooling flue gas, the sensible heat transfer of semicoke and semicoke particle can be made to cooling flue gas, thus not only can improve heat utilization rate in system further.
S1000: intensification flue gas is returned step S500 drying treatment is carried out to coal
According to embodiments of the invention, intensification flue gas obtained above can be returned step S500 and drying treatment is carried out to coal.Concrete, by by intensification flue gas and coal transmission of heat by contact, not only can carry out drying treatment to coal, and the temperature of flue gas can be reduced, thus eliminate further cooling process is carried out to flue gas, and the flue gas after obtained heat exchange is directly discharged by chimney.Thus, the efficiency utilization of internal system waste heat can be realized, and then reduce energy consumption cost further.
Conveniently understand, below with reference to Fig. 6, the concrete operations of the method for the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention are described in detail.
First, coal is carried out drying treatment, then dried coal is supplied in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor and carries out pyrolysis processing, obtain gas-oil mixture and pyrolysis char, then dust removal process is carried out to gas-oil mixture, obtain oil gas and semicoke particle after dedusting, then cooling process is carried out to oil gas after the dedusting obtained, obtain tar and raw gas, and purifying treatment is carried out to the raw gas obtained, obtain purified gas, then a part for the part and purified gas that obtain pyrolysis char and air are burnt, obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash, heat smoke and grey solid impurity particle is supplied after obtaining dedusting after carrying out dust removal process for heat smoke, then the radiation heating tube of rotating bed pyrolysis reactor is supplied to as thermal source using after the dedusting obtained for heat smoke, obtain flue gas of lowering the temperature, and grey solid impurity particle is returned mix with coal after be supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, lime-ash is returned to be supplied in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor after mixing with coal simultaneously and proceed pyrolysis processing, then another part of semicoke and semicoke particle are carried out heat exchange process with cooling flue gas in coke quenching device, obtain cooling semicoke and intensification flue gas, and this intensification flue gas is returned as the drying source in drying treatment process, and dried flue gas can be discharged through chimney.
As mentioned above, can have according to the method for the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention and be selected from following advantage one of at least:
To be coupled with high-temperature flue gas radiant heat type of heating by adopting solid thermal carriers (coke carried heat) according to the method for the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention, not only can significantly improve the pyrolysis efficiency of coal, and significantly can reduce energy consumption, and can according to the nature difference of raw material, utilize the character of pyrolyzing product, flexible adjustment solid heat-carrying and high-temperature flue gas radiant heat ratio, and then the object realizing regulating products scheme, improve reaction efficiency and system thermal efficiency.
Method according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention adopts radiator tube heating technique, while carrying out utilizing high-temperature flue gas heat heating, realize the isolation of pyrolysis oil gas in flue gas and reactor, avoid the potential safety hazard adopting conventional high-temperature flue gas heating to bring, the burden that flue gas causes condensation, dedusting and flue gas on the impact of pyrolysis gas characteristic, and make process operation and control be simplified.
The coal gas utilizing its own system to produce in combustion according to the method for the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention and air burn, at generation high-temperature flue gas as the while of photothermal, second-heating is carried out to part semicoke and forms high-temperature semi-coke, improve its grade as solid thermal carriers, and then send into rotary drill reactor as system supplymentary thermal source, and combustion processes is by adjustment coal gas and the consumption of hot semicoke, and then adjusts flexibly and meet the consumption requirement of rotating bed pyrolysis reactor to high-temperature flue gas and high-temperature semi-coke.
According to the method for the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention by the flue gas after heat exchange cooling in radiant tube heater is entered semicoke water cooler by fume exhaust system, low-temperature flue gas can be utilized to reclaim the sensible heat of hot semicoke, pass into dryness storehouse after being heated up by flue gas and be used for dry raw coal, and then improve systematic heat utilization rate.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of system of pyrolyzing coal.According to embodiments of the invention, this system is for implementing the method for above-mentioned pyrolyzing coal.According to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises: rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor has material inlet, heat supply smoke inlet, cooling exhanst gas outlet, gas-oil mixture outlet and pyrolysis char outlet, and be suitable for coal to carry out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, to obtain gas-oil mixture and pyrolysis char, refrigerating unit, described refrigerating unit has gas-oil mixture entrance, tar outlet and gas exit, and described gas-oil mixture entrance exports with described gas-oil mixture and is connected, and is suitable for described gas-oil mixture to carry out cooling process, to obtain burnt oil and gas, combustion unit, described combustion unit has gas inlet, gas entry, pyrolysis char entrance, lime-ash outlet and heat supply exhanst gas outlet, described gas entry is connected with described gas exit, described pyrolysis char entrance exports with described pyrolysis char and is connected, described lime-ash outlet is connected with described material inlet, described heat supply exhanst gas outlet is connected with described heat supply smoke inlet, and be suitable for a part for a part for described pyrolysis char and described coal gas and air to burn, to obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash, and described lime-ash is returned mix with described coal after be supplied to described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, describedly return the radiation heating tube of described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor as thermal source for heat smoke, to obtain flue gas of lowering the temperature.Contriver finds, by adopting rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, pyrolysis processing is carried out to coal, because rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating, material in pyrolytic process is heated evenly, thus the pyrolysis efficiency of coal can be significantly improved, and tar yield is higher, rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating simultaneously, the gas-oil mixture that the flue gas that produces in radiator tube and rotating bed pyrolysis reactor inside are produced is isolated, thus tar and gas quality can be significantly improved, secondly by a part for the coal gas produced in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor and semicoke is carried out burning semicoke heated, then the semicoke after this heating is mixed with coal, semicoke after heating can be conducted heat to coal as solid thermal carriers, and being supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor after mixing can as the auxiliary thermal source of pyrolysis processing process, additionally by returning the radiation heating tube of rotating bed pyrolysis reactor as thermal source using what produce in combustion processes for heat smoke, can the efficiency utilization of waste heat in implementation procedure, thus significantly reduce processing cost.
System below with reference to the pyrolyzing coal of Fig. 7-11 pairs of embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.According to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises:
Rotating bed pyrolysis reactor 100: according to embodiments of the invention, rotating bed pyrolysis reactor 100 has material inlet 101, heat supply smoke inlet 102, cooling exhanst gas outlet 103, gas-oil mixture outlet 104 and pyrolysis char outlet 105, and be suitable for coal to carry out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, thus gas-oil mixture and pyrolysis char can be obtained.Concrete, rotating bed pyrolysis reactor is provided with multiple radiation heating tube, this radiation heating tube is by combustion fuel or pass into flue gas for rotating bed pyrolysis reactor and provide radiant heat source, coal carries out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor inside, and the gas-oil mixture of generation is discharged through reactor head pipeline.Thus, by adopting rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, pyrolysis processing is carried out to coal, because rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating, material in pyrolytic process is heated evenly, thus the pyrolysis efficiency of coal can be significantly improved, and tar yield is higher, and rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating simultaneously, the gas-oil mixture that the flue gas that produces in radiator tube and rotating bed pyrolysis reactor inside are produced is isolated, thus can significantly improve tar and gas quality.
Refrigerating unit 200: according to embodiments of the invention, refrigerating unit 200 has gas-oil mixture entrance 201, tar outlet 202 and gas exit 203, gas-oil mixture entrance 201 and gas-oil mixture export 104 and are connected, and be suitable for gas-oil mixture obtained above to carry out cooling process, thus burnt oil and gas can be obtained.Thus, the separation of the burnt oil and gas in gas-oil mixture can be realized.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, purifying treatment can be carried out to the coal gas of resulting separation, thus can coal gas be purified.It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the condition of cooling process and purifying treatment according to actual needs.
Combustion unit 300: according to embodiments of the invention, combustion unit 300 has gas inlet 301, gas entry 302, pyrolysis char entrance 303, lime-ash outlet 304 and heat supply exhanst gas outlet 305, gas entry 302 is connected with gas exit 203, pyrolysis char entrance 303 and pyrolysis char export 105 and are connected, lime-ash outlet 304 is connected with material inlet 101, heat supply exhanst gas outlet 305 is connected with heat supply smoke inlet 102, and be suitable for a part for pyrolysis char and a part for coal gas and air to burn, thus obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash, and the lime-ash obtained is returned mix with coal after be supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, the radiation heating tube of rotating bed pyrolysis reactor will be returned for heat smoke as thermal source simultaneously, thus flue gas of lowering the temperature can be obtained.Concrete, air and pyrolysis char and coal gas can be blasted by blower fan to burn, partial thermal decomposition semicoke is wherein burnt under the igniting of air and coal gas, heat treated is carried out to residue pyrolysis char, thus can obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash, by obtained lime-ash is mixed with coal, lime-ash after heating can be conducted heat to coal as solid thermal carriers, and being supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor after mixing can as the auxiliary thermal source of pyrolysis processing process, return the radiation heating tube of rotating bed pyrolysis reactor as thermal source using what produce for heat smoke simultaneously, the utilization ratio of heat in system can be significantly improved, thus while improving pyrolysis of coal efficiency further, improve the heat utilization efficiency of internal system, and then significantly reduce processing cost.
System according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention carries out pyrolysis processing by adopting rotating bed pyrolysis reactor to coal, because rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating, material in pyrolytic process is heated evenly, thus the pyrolysis efficiency of coal can be significantly improved, and tar yield is higher, rotating bed pyrolysis reactor adopts radiator tube heating simultaneously, the gas-oil mixture that the flue gas that produces in radiator tube and rotating bed pyrolysis reactor inside are produced is isolated, thus tar and gas quality can be significantly improved, secondly by a part for the coal gas produced in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor and semicoke is carried out burning semicoke heated, then the semicoke after this heating is mixed with coal, semicoke after heating can be conducted heat to coal as solid thermal carriers, and being supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor after mixing can as the auxiliary thermal source of pyrolysis processing process, additionally by returning the radiation heating tube of rotating bed pyrolysis reactor as thermal source using what produce in combustion processes for heat smoke, can the efficiency utilization of waste heat in implementation procedure, thus significantly reduce processing cost.
With reference to figure 8, the system according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
Drying installation 400: according to embodiments of the invention, drying installation 400 is connected with material inlet 101, and is suitable for, before coal is carried out pyrolysis processing, to carry out drying treatment in advance to coal.Thus, effectively can reduce the moisture in coal, thus improve the pyrolysis efficiency of coal further.It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the actual conditions of drying treatment according to actual needs.
With reference to figure 9, the system according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
First cleaning apparatus 500: according to embodiments of the invention, first cleaning apparatus 500 has oil gas vent 502 and semicoke particle outlet 503 after gas-oil mixture import 501, dedusting, gas-oil mixture import 501 and gas-oil mixture export 104 and are connected, after dedusting, oil gas vent 502 is connected with gas-oil mixture entrance 201, and be suitable for before gas-oil mixture is carried out cooling process, in advance dust removal process is carried out to gas-oil mixture, thus oil gas and semicoke particle after dedusting can be obtained.Thus, dust removal process was carried out in advance before gas-oil separation is carried out to gas-oil mixture, the semicoke particle that can carry in efficient recovery gas-oil mixture, thus not only can significantly improve the quality of green coke oil and gas, and significantly can reduce the waste of semicoke.
With reference to Figure 10, the system according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
Second cleaning apparatus 600: according to embodiments of the invention, second cleaning apparatus 600 has dust-laden heat supply smoke inlet 601, heat supply exhanst gas outlet 602 and lime-ash particle outlet 603 after dedusting, dust-laden heat supply smoke inlet 601 is connected with heat supply exhanst gas outlet 305, after dedusting, heat supply exhanst gas outlet 502 is connected with heat supply smoke inlet 102, lime-ash particle outlet 603 is connected with material inlet 101, and be suitable at the radiation heating tube returning rotating bed pyrolysis reactor for heat smoke as before thermal source, dust removal process will be carried out in advance for heat smoke, thus for heat smoke and grey solid impurity particle after dedusting can be obtained, and grey solid impurity particle is returned rotating bed pyrolysis reactor.Thus, by at the radiation heating tube being supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor for heat smoke as before thermal source, dust removal process is carried out in advance to for heat smoke, heat smoke and grey solid impurity particle is supplied after can obtaining dedusting, and the grey solid impurity particle obtained is returned after step mixes with coal be supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, make grey solid impurity particle as thermophore, waste heat can be transmitted coal supply, thus internal system heat utilization ratio can be improved, and then reduce overall energy consumption.
With reference to Figure 11, the system according to the pyrolyzing coal of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
Coke quenching device 700: according to embodiments of the invention, coke quenching device 700 has pyrolysis char import 701, cooling gas approach 702, semicoke article inlet 703, cooling semicoke outlet 704 and intensification exhanst gas outlet 705, pyrolysis char import 701 and pyrolysis char export 105 and are connected, semicoke article inlet 703 is connected with semicoke particle outlet 503, cooling gas approach 702 is connected with cooling exhanst gas outlet 103, intensification exhanst gas outlet 705 is connected with drying installation 400, and be suitable for another part of pyrolysis char and semicoke particle to carry out heat exchange process with cooling flue gas, thus cooling semicoke and intensification flue gas can be obtained, and intensification flue gas is returned drying installation use as drying source.Thus, by the another part by pyrolysis char, semicoke particle and flue gas carry out heat exchange, the sensible heat transfer of pyrolysis char and semicoke particle can be made to cooling flue gas, thus not only can improve heat utilization rate in system further, and the drying efficiency of coal in follow-up drying process can be significantly improved, and will by by intensification flue gas and coal transmission of heat by contact, not only can carry out drying treatment to coal, and the temperature of flue gas can be reduced, thus eliminate further cooling process is carried out to flue gas, and the flue gas after obtained heat exchange is directly discharged by chimney.Thus, the efficiency utilization of internal system waste heat can be realized, and then reduce energy consumption cost further.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that, these embodiments are only descriptive, and do not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment
With reference to Figure 12, brown coal are stored in coal bunker 1, then by brown coal (V
d=41.35%, Q
gr, d=24.8MJ/kg) be supplied to dryness storehouse 2 and carry out drying treatment, then the brown coal be supplied to by dried brown coal (moisture <8%) in the radiation heating tube 15 pairs of rotating bed pyrolysis reactors 4 in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor 4 on it carry out radiation heating generation pyrolytic reaction (500-650 DEG C) (products collection efficiency is as shown in table 1), the gas-oil mixture produced enters hot precipitator 5 by the pipeline at rotating bed pyrolysis reactor 4 top and purifies, obtain oil gas and semicoke particle after dedusting, then oil gas after dedusting is passed into oil gas water cooler 6 to lower the temperature, coal tar and raw gas is obtained after separation, raw gas purifies rear section through raw gas clean unit 7 and sends into burning bed 8 and the air mixed afterfire from blower fan 9, heat temperature raising is carried out to the partial thermal decomposition semicoke (500-550 DEG C) from rotating bed pyrolysis reactor 4, obtain lime-ash (700-800 DEG C) and supply heat smoke (900-1000 DEG C), then the pipeline after obtained lime-ash (700-800 DEG C) enters parallel feeding machine 3 by pipeline is supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor 4 after mixing with dry brown coal, confession heat smoke (900-1000 DEG C) obtained is supplied to hot precipitator 11 and carries out dust removal process, heat smoke and grey solid impurity particle is supplied after obtaining dedusting, and the radiation heating tube 15 of rotating bed pyrolysis reactor 4 will be supplied to after the dedusting of gained for heat smoke, pyrolysis processing is carried out by being supplied to rotating bed pyrolysis reactor 4 after mixing with brown coal in lime-ash pellet supply to parallel feeding machine 3, the low-temperature flue gas (100-150 DEG C) produced in radiation heating tube 15 enters semicoke water cooler 12 and carries out heat exchange with another part pyrolysis char (500-550 DEG C) and semicoke particle, obtain cooling semicoke and intensification flue gas (150-200 DEG C), then by this intensification flue gas be supplied to dryness storehouse 2, with coal, drying carried out to coal, the cold flue gas (90-95 DEG C) obtained enters chimney 14 and discharges.
Table 1 different operating mode products collection efficiency data (butt)
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not must for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this specification sheets or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, revises, replace and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a method for pyrolyzing coal, is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) coal is carried out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, to obtain gas-oil mixture and pyrolysis char;
(2) described gas-oil mixture is carried out cooling process, to obtain burnt oil and gas;
(3) part for a part for described pyrolysis char and described coal gas and air are burnt, to obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash; And
(4) described lime-ash is returned after step (1) mixes with described coal and be supplied to described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, and return the radiation heating tube of the described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor in step (1) as thermal source using described for heat smoke, to obtain flue gas of lowering the temperature.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises further:
(5) before described coal is carried out pyrolysis processing in described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, in advance drying treatment is carried out to described coal.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, comprises further:
(6) before described gas-oil mixture is carried out cooling process, in advance dust removal process is carried out to described gas-oil mixture, so that oil gas and semicoke particle after obtaining dedusting.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, comprises further:
(7) using the described radiation heating tube returning the described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor in step (1) for heat smoke as before thermal source, dust removal process is carried out for heat smoke in advance, so that for heat smoke and grey solid impurity particle after obtaining dedusting by described; And
(8) described grey solid impurity particle is returned after step (1) mixes with described coal and be supplied to described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, comprises further:
(9) another part of described pyrolysis char and described semicoke particle and described cooling flue gas are carried out heat exchange process, to obtain cooling semicoke and intensification flue gas; And
(10) described intensification flue gas is returned step (5) and drying treatment is carried out to described coal.
6. a system for pyrolyzing coal, described system, for implementing the claims the method for the pyrolyzing coal described in any one of 1-5, is characterized in that, described system comprises:
Rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor has material inlet, heat supply smoke inlet, cooling exhanst gas outlet, gas-oil mixture outlet and pyrolysis char outlet, and be suitable for coal to carry out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, to obtain gas-oil mixture and pyrolysis char;
Refrigerating unit, described refrigerating unit has gas-oil mixture entrance, tar outlet and gas exit, and described gas-oil mixture entrance exports with described gas-oil mixture and is connected, and is suitable for described gas-oil mixture to carry out cooling process, to obtain burnt oil and gas;
Combustion unit, described combustion unit has gas inlet, gas entry, pyrolysis char entrance, lime-ash outlet and heat supply exhanst gas outlet, described gas entry is connected with described gas exit, described pyrolysis char entrance exports with described pyrolysis char and is connected, described lime-ash outlet is connected with described material inlet, described heat supply exhanst gas outlet is connected with described heat supply smoke inlet, and be suitable for a part for a part for described pyrolysis char and described coal gas and air to burn, to obtain for heat smoke and lime-ash, and described lime-ash is returned mix with described coal after be supplied to described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, the radiation heating tube of described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor is returned as thermal source for heat smoke using described, to obtain flue gas of lowering the temperature.
7. system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Drying installation, described drying installation is connected with described material inlet, and is suitable for, before described coal is carried out pyrolysis processing in rotating bed pyrolysis reactor, carrying out drying treatment in advance to described coal.
8. the system according to claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that, comprises further:
First cleaning apparatus, described first cleaning apparatus has oil gas vent and semicoke particle outlet after gas-oil mixture import, dedusting, described gas-oil mixture import exports with described gas-oil mixture and is connected, after described dedusting, oil gas vent is connected with described gas-oil mixture entrance, and be suitable for before described gas-oil mixture is carried out cooling process, in advance dust removal process is carried out to described gas-oil mixture, so that oil gas and semicoke particle after obtaining dedusting.
9. system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Second cleaning apparatus, described second cleaning apparatus has dust-laden heat supply smoke inlet, heat supply exhanst gas outlet and lime-ash particle outlet after dedusting, described dust-laden heat supply smoke inlet is connected with described heat supply exhanst gas outlet, after described dedusting, heat supply exhanst gas outlet is connected with described heat supply smoke inlet, described lime-ash particle outlet is connected with described material inlet, and be suitable for using the described radiation heating tube returning described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor for heat smoke as before thermal source, dust removal process is carried out for heat smoke in advance by described, so that for heat smoke and grey solid impurity particle after obtaining dedusting, and described grey solid impurity particle is returned described rotating bed pyrolysis reactor.
10. system according to claim 9, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Coke quenching device, described coke quenching device has pyrolysis char import, cooling gas approach, semicoke article inlet, the outlet of cooling semicoke and intensification exhanst gas outlet, described pyrolysis char import exports with described pyrolysis char and is connected, described semicoke article inlet is connected with described semicoke particle outlet, described cooling gas approach is connected with described cooling exhanst gas outlet, described intensification exhanst gas outlet is connected with described drying installation, and be suitable for another part of described pyrolysis char and described semicoke particle and described cooling flue gas to carry out heat exchange process, to obtain cooling semicoke and intensification flue gas, and described intensification flue gas is returned described drying installation.
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