US20030048808A1 - Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030048808A1
US20030048808A1 US09/950,863 US95086301A US2003048808A1 US 20030048808 A1 US20030048808 A1 US 20030048808A1 US 95086301 A US95086301 A US 95086301A US 2003048808 A1 US2003048808 A1 US 2003048808A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
buffer
channel
content
digital video
stream
Prior art date
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Abandoned
Application number
US09/950,863
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English (en)
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Thomas Stahl
John Richardson
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US09/950,863 priority Critical patent/US20030048808A1/en
Priority to KR1020020051165A priority patent/KR100898210B1/ko
Priority to BRPI0203649A priority patent/BRPI0203649B1/pt
Priority to EP02102330A priority patent/EP1294193B1/en
Priority to EP10177002.2A priority patent/EP2288155B1/en
Priority to ES08168859.0T priority patent/ES2543421T3/es
Priority to ES10177002.2T priority patent/ES2542310T3/es
Priority to ES02102330T priority patent/ES2347769T3/es
Priority to EP08168859.0A priority patent/EP2028861B1/en
Priority to DE60236780T priority patent/DE60236780D1/de
Priority to MYPI20023371A priority patent/MY140342A/en
Priority to JP2002263472A priority patent/JP4043323B2/ja
Priority to MXPA02008851A priority patent/MXPA02008851A/es
Priority to CNB021316546A priority patent/CN100448291C/zh
Publication of US20030048808A1 publication Critical patent/US20030048808A1/en
Priority to US13/467,744 priority patent/US8739235B2/en
Priority to US13/467,747 priority patent/US20120222078A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2387—Stream processing in response to a playback request from an end-user, e.g. for trick-play
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/44016—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving splicing one content stream with another content stream, e.g. for substituting a video clip
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/23406—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving management of server-side video buffer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/23424—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving splicing one content stream with another content stream, e.g. for inserting or substituting an advertisement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H04N21/234381—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by altering the temporal resolution, e.g. decreasing the frame rate by frame skipping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/4302—Content synchronisation processes, e.g. decoder synchronisation
    • H04N21/4305—Synchronising client clock from received content stream, e.g. locking decoder clock with encoder clock, extraction of the PCR packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
    • H04N21/4384—Accessing a communication channel involving operations to reduce the access time, e.g. fast-tuning for reducing channel switching latency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/44004—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving video buffer management, e.g. video decoder buffer or video display buffer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/633—Control signals issued by server directed to the network components or client
    • H04N21/6332—Control signals issued by server directed to the network components or client directed to client
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65—Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/654—Transmission by server directed to the client
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17318—Direct or substantially direct transmission and handling of requests

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the downloading of streaming content.
  • Jitter is a deviation in, or displacement of, the bit arrival times of a digital signal.
  • Some of the principle causes of jitter include, inter alia, queues in network switches and packet collisions requiring subsequent retransmission.
  • Jitter may also be added to the video stream as the result of the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switching or Internet Protocol (IP) routing.
  • ATM asynchronous transfer mode
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • jitter may occur as a result of adding to a video stream as the video is distributed within the home from the DSL modem to the STB over, for example, an Ethernet.
  • Proposed methods for correcting jitter include, for example, the use of a large de-jittering buffer in the front end of the decoder in the STB.
  • de-jittering buffers add a significant and undesirable time delay to the signal. For example, for a de-jittering buffer designed to hold five seconds of video, there would be a five-second delay from the time the video is received by the STB to the time that the video is displayed.
  • Buffering creates additional problems. For example, if a user changes channels and the system merely connects the STB to a real time video stream, the user will have to wait five seconds for the buffer to fill before a picture will be displayed. This would spoil the channel changing experience that many people expect. For example, many people like to “surf” channels to examine what is on a several particular television channels before settling on a program. Having a long delay each time a new channel is selected would be at odds with the ability to rapidly surf through the various offered channels, and these viewers would find such a delay particularly vexing.
  • the present invention is a system and method for providing de-jittered streaming content while providing a substantially instantaneous channel changing experience.
  • a buffer receives a first content stream carrying a content channel signal.
  • the first content stream carries the content channel signal at a rate substantially greater than the streaming content playout rate.
  • the buffer switches its reception of the content channel signal from the first content stream to a second content stream.
  • the second content stream is at a rate substantially the same as the streaming content playout rate. Generally, this switch occurs when some predefined threshold of the content channel signal is buffered.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a network capable of delivering DSL video in accordance with the principles of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of a channel change mechanism in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a data transfer from a source buffer to a de-jitter buffer during initial viewing in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • the present invention delivers video data to a STB at a rate substantially greater than a display rate for an initial period of time after a new channel has been selected. During this initial time period, a STB buffer is loaded to a desired level. Upon loading the STB buffer, the video connection can be switched to a video multicast connection wherein the STB video decoder receives buffered video from the STB buffer at substantially the same rate as the video display rate. Further, although described in terms of video, the concept and principles of the present invention apply to any form of streaming digital, whether it is video, audio, data, or a combination thereof.
  • the present invention may be implemented in various forms of hardware, software, firmware, special purpose processors, or a combination thereof. It is also understood that the present invention may be implemented in software as an application program tangibly embodied on a program storage device.
  • the application program may be uploaded to, and executed by, a machine comprising any suitable architecture.
  • the machine is implemented on a computer platform having hardware such as one or more central processing units (CPU), a random access memory (RAM), and input/output (I/O) interface(s).
  • CPU central processing units
  • RAM random access memory
  • I/O input/output
  • the computer platform also includes an operating system and micro instruction code.
  • the various processes and functions described herein may either be part of the micro instruction code or part of the application program (or a combination thereof) which is executed via the operating system.
  • various other peripheral devices may be connected to the computer platform such as an additional data storage device and a printing device.
  • the present invention can apply to any system distributing video over the Internet from a video server.
  • the final distribution can be via DSL, dial up, cable modem, Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), or any other means of connecting to the Internet.
  • ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
  • the present invention also applies to systems or network connections that use multicast signals for efficient distribution or simply duplicate the stream and send out individual streams.
  • FIG. 1 an illustrative example of a network for delivering DSL video is shown including, inter alia, a video server 101 , and ATM switch 102 , a Service Control Processor (SCP) 103 .
  • the network includes a DSL Access Multiplexor (DSLAM) 104 , for connecting multiple DSL users to the network.
  • the DSLAM 104 connects to the ATM switch 102 .
  • the DSLAM 104 demultiplexes the signals and forwards them to appropriate individual DSL connections.
  • the network further includes a DSL Terminator 105 , router 106 , customer premise equipment (CPE) 107 , a STB 108 .
  • the video server 101 includes a buffer for each video channel that may be chosen. These buffers can be sized to handle a worstcase jitter scenario that may be displayed at the STB 108 , including jitter contributed by the ATM distribution and jitter caused by distribution within a local area network such as Ethernet.
  • Jitter can range from a few milliseconds to several seconds depending on the distribution channel used.
  • a communication channel for channel changing commands exists between the STB 108 and the HE equipment 109 .
  • a command is sent from the STB 108 to the HE 109 .
  • the SCP 103 sets up a connection between the video server 101 and the STB 108 .
  • the video server 101 provides video from a HE buffer to the STB buffer 108 at a substantially higher speed (e.g., double-speed) than a normal video viewing speed (e.g., thirty frames per second).
  • the connection is set up logically as a point-to-point connection.
  • No other STB will receive the same higher speed stream at exactly the same time.
  • the STB receives the higher speed video stream and starts to display the stream immediately. However, it displays the video at the normal viewing speed. Thus, the video arrives at the STB at a rate faster than it is being displayed or consumed. Accordingly, the de-jittering buffer in the front end of the STB is loaded with video. Once the STB buffer has been filled to a desirable level, the SCP switches the video source to a video stream that can be shared among one or more STBs (e.g., multicast).
  • the HE will maintain a buffer that is at least as large as the buffer used for de-jittering in the STB. For example, for a five second STB de-jittering buffer, the HE buffer would store five seconds or more of video.
  • the HE will supply delayed video from the HE buffer at a rate 201 higher, e.g., sixty frames per second, than the video rate for normal viewing 202 , e.g., thirty frames per second.
  • the HE buffer is a circular buffer or queue that maintains a level of information.
  • the HE's transmitter will be merely pulling the data from a progressively later time in the buffer.
  • the buffer remains full at all times, and can therefore handle multiple clients simultaneously by pulling data from different times in the buffer.
  • Data is transferred out of the buffer at a 1 ⁇ rate, even though data is being sent to the STB buffer at a higher rate, e.g., 3 ⁇ . However, from the perspective of the STB, it appears that the HE buffer empties.
  • the de-jittering buffer in the front end of the decoder will fill to a desirable level.
  • the HE ceases sending video to the STBs at the higher speed and begins to send video at the normal viewing speed. This can happen in a one-to-one relationship, but can also happen by merely switching the input of the STB to a multicast or broadcast video stream.
  • the Multicast stream is sent in real-time. During the initial stage, the five second delay is due to five seconds of old data being sent from the HE buffer. After switching to multicast, all of the delay is due to five seconds of video stored in the STB buffer.
  • the switch from the HE buffered signal to the video stream can be controlled from the HE, because the HE knows at what point the STB has received all of the delayed video from the HE delay buffer and the only video left to send is the real-time video that is being used to fill the delay buffer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)
US09/950,863 2001-09-12 2001-09-12 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels Abandoned US20030048808A1 (en)

Priority Applications (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/950,863 US20030048808A1 (en) 2001-09-12 2001-09-12 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels
KR1020020051165A KR100898210B1 (ko) 2001-09-12 2002-08-28 디지털 신호를 전송하고 수신된 스트리밍 콘텐트 채널을 변경하기 위한 방법 및 장치, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능한 매체
BRPI0203649A BRPI0203649B1 (pt) 2001-09-12 2002-09-06 método e aparelho para a mudança de canais de conteúdo em fluxo contínuo recebidos
ES02102330T ES2347769T3 (es) 2001-09-12 2002-09-09 Metodo y dispositivo para cambiar canales de contenido de flujo continuo recibidos.
EP10177002.2A EP2288155B1 (en) 2001-09-12 2002-09-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels
ES08168859.0T ES2543421T3 (es) 2001-09-12 2002-09-09 Método y aparato para cambiar canales de contenido de flujo continuo recibidos
ES10177002.2T ES2542310T3 (es) 2001-09-12 2002-09-09 Método y aparato para cambiar canales de contenido de flujo continuo recibidos
EP02102330A EP1294193B1 (en) 2001-09-12 2002-09-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels
EP08168859.0A EP2028861B1 (en) 2001-09-12 2002-09-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels
DE60236780T DE60236780D1 (de) 2001-09-12 2002-09-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ändern empfangener Inhalts-Datenströme
MYPI20023371A MY140342A (en) 2001-09-12 2002-09-10 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels
JP2002263472A JP4043323B2 (ja) 2001-09-12 2002-09-10 ディジタル信号を転送する方法および装置、チャンネルを変更する方法および装置、並びにプログラム記憶デバイス
MXPA02008851A MXPA02008851A (es) 2001-09-12 2002-09-10 Metodo y aparato para cambiar los canales de contenido de corriente recibidos.
CNB021316546A CN100448291C (zh) 2001-09-12 2002-09-12 改变接收的流式内容信道的方法和装置
US13/467,744 US8739235B2 (en) 2001-09-12 2012-05-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels
US13/467,747 US20120222078A1 (en) 2001-09-12 2012-05-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/950,863 US20030048808A1 (en) 2001-09-12 2001-09-12 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels

Related Child Applications (2)

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US13/467,744 Continuation US8739235B2 (en) 2001-09-12 2012-05-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels
US13/467,747 Continuation US20120222078A1 (en) 2001-09-12 2012-05-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels

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US20030048808A1 true US20030048808A1 (en) 2003-03-13

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US09/950,863 Abandoned US20030048808A1 (en) 2001-09-12 2001-09-12 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels
US13/467,744 Expired - Lifetime US8739235B2 (en) 2001-09-12 2012-05-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels
US13/467,747 Abandoned US20120222078A1 (en) 2001-09-12 2012-05-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels

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US13/467,744 Expired - Lifetime US8739235B2 (en) 2001-09-12 2012-05-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels
US13/467,747 Abandoned US20120222078A1 (en) 2001-09-12 2012-05-09 Method and apparatus for changing received streaming content channels

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (3) US20030048808A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (3) EP2288155B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JP4043323B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR100898210B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN100448291C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BRPI0203649B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE60236780D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (3) ES2543421T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
MX (1) MXPA02008851A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
MY (1) MY140342A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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US8739235B2 (en) 2014-05-27
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EP2028861B1 (en) 2015-06-17
EP2288155A3 (en) 2014-04-02
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CN100448291C (zh) 2008-12-31
MY140342A (en) 2009-12-31
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MXPA02008851A (es) 2003-03-17
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US20120222076A1 (en) 2012-08-30
US20120222078A1 (en) 2012-08-30
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CN1409547A (zh) 2003-04-09

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