WO2008077302A1 - Procédé et système de commutation de canaux multimédia numériques - Google Patents

Procédé et système de commutation de canaux multimédia numériques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008077302A1
WO2008077302A1 PCT/CN2007/003415 CN2007003415W WO2008077302A1 WO 2008077302 A1 WO2008077302 A1 WO 2008077302A1 CN 2007003415 W CN2007003415 W CN 2007003415W WO 2008077302 A1 WO2008077302 A1 WO 2008077302A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
multicast data
unit
cache
multicast
access device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/003415
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Huixia Wang
Shaopeng He
Weizhong Chen
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2008077302A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008077302A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/433—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
    • H04N21/4331—Caching operations, e.g. of an advertisement for later insertion during playback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/436—Interfacing a local distribution network, e.g. communicating with another STB or one or more peripheral devices inside the home
    • H04N21/43615—Interfacing a Home Network, e.g. for connecting the client to a plurality of peripherals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
    • H04N21/4384—Accessing a communication channel involving operations to reduce the access time, e.g. fast-tuning for reducing channel switching latency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a digital media channel switching method and a digital media channel switching system. Background technique
  • IPTV is an interactive network TV. It is a technology that uses broadband networks to integrate Internet, multimedia, and communication technologies to provide home users with a variety of interactive services including clear and smooth video programs.
  • the technology is provided by the telecom operators.
  • the video service can be bundled and integrated with various services such as voice, data and mobile nomads provided by the telecom operators to form a user-centric integrated service system, which shows a large Market potential.
  • the IPTV technology system architecture is divided into a head-end service system, a bearer transmission network, and a terminal, and each of them performs different functions.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic diagram of a common IPTV network architecture, which is mainly divided into a head end service system, a bearer network, a client access device, and a terminal.
  • the head end service system provides content service and management
  • the bearer network completes service transmission
  • the client access device provides user access and sends service content
  • the terminal provides service content playback.
  • the terminal part includes TV, personal computer (PC) and set-top box (STB), etc.
  • STB set-top box
  • the STB is mainly used as a receiving and processing device for digital video signals, and is interactively controlled with the network to implement the IPTV service function, and the television completes the display of the digital video.
  • the IPTV services mainly include VOD/NVOD (video on demand/quasi-video on demand), BTV (live TV), Time-shift TV (time shift TV), PVR/nPVR (personal video storage/personal network video storage) and other major services, among which BTV is also commonly known as live TV.
  • VOD/NVOD video on demand/quasi-video on demand
  • BTV live TV
  • Time-shift TV time shift TV
  • PVR/nPVR personal video storage/personal network video storage
  • Other major services among which BTV is also commonly known as live TV.
  • the program of the same channel is sent to all users who watch this channel.
  • the head end service system pushes the same channel program (media stream) to all users who select the channel through the bearer network using multicast technology. .
  • the multicast control point completes the judgment of the user channel authority, which is usually implemented on the user access device.
  • the terminal device set top box device, etc.
  • IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
  • the multicast group after receiving the request, the multicast control point determines whether the user has the right to watch the channel program according to the user order information.
  • the multicast replication point copies the multicast data stream to the port according to whether the port has a multicast receiving request and the corresponding user right.
  • the multicast replication point transmits the live program to the user through unicast mode. Therefore, the closer the multicast replication point is to the user equipment, the more the network bandwidth is saved.
  • the multicast replication point is set on the client access device.
  • DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
  • BRAS Broadband Access Server
  • Protocols such as (IGMP snooping) and Internet Group Management Protocol Proxy (IGMP proxy) implement controllable forwarding of multicast data.
  • IGMP snooping Internet Group Management Protocol Proxy
  • IGMP proxy Internet Group Management Protocol Proxy
  • Step 201 The user sends a channel switching request to the DSLAM to request to leave the current channel.
  • Step 202 The DSLAM stops the signaling control of the video stream that is being played, and leaves the multicast group.
  • Step 203 The user sends a new channel request to the DSLAM.
  • Step 204 The DSLAM sends a new channel content to the terminal, and the user changes to the new channel to receive the multicast data stream.
  • Step 205 After the terminal buffer reaches the low water line, the data stream is scheduled to be sent to the decoding buffer, and the decoder waits for the first important frame (I frame) to output the video code stream, completes the channel change, and normally receives the new channel to send the content.
  • the first important frame I frame
  • T1 and ⁇ 2 can be controlled by some schemes.
  • the jitter buffer is set in the buffer of the terminal to compensate for the effects of network jitter. Packets are buffered for a period of time before the packet is forwarded to smooth the transmission of the packet, compensating for the adverse effects of packet jitter, loss, delay, and other conditions.
  • the T1 value can be lowered by adjusting the setting of the jitter buffer on the terminal. The T1 value can be lowered to some extent by setting the high _ watermark and low _ watermark of the jitter buffer.
  • the disadvantage of adjusting the jitter buffer low water line and high water line is that it will have other effects.
  • the size of the jitter buffer is generally an integer multiple of the expected arrival time of the data packet, if the buffer area is set too small, it may not be able to overcome the impact of packet loss and jitter on the network, which will reduce the quality of the service; Excessive delays can also cause a bad experience for users.
  • the multicast replication point in order to reduce the delay when the user changes the channel, can be statically added to the multicast group. That is, for a certain channel, whether or not a terminal joins the multicast group, the multicast replication point is added to the multicast in advance. Group, if there is a user, directly send multicast data to the user, and if there is no user, discard the multicast data of the channel.
  • Statically joining a multicast group is mainly to speed up the user's participation in the multicast group. It does not wait for a long time because the user requesting channel switching is the first user to switch to the channel, thus ensuring the delay of the BTV service flow.
  • the switching time problem is actually to change the bandwidth by time, which speeds up the channel switching speed and saves the transmission delay of the program from the live broadcast source to the multicast replication point.
  • the channel switching process is further accelerated by optimizing the IGMP protocol (ie, by implementing fast multicast leaving) during channel switching.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a digital media channel switching method and a digital media channel switching system, which are used to solve the problem that the user channel switching time is too long in the prior art.
  • a digital media channel switching method includes:
  • the user access device After receiving the multicast data sent by the head end service system, the user access device performs multicast on the bearer network. Data is cached;
  • the cached multicast data is sent to the terminal.
  • a digital media channel switching system including a head end service system for providing a service source, providing a user side access device for accessing the terminal, the user access device setting a multicast copy point, and the user end access device Also set with:
  • a cache unit that buffers multicast data to remove network jitter
  • the user access device When the terminal sends a channel switching request, the user access device sends the multicast data stored by the buffer unit to the terminal.
  • a user access device where the user access device provides service access for the terminal, and sets a multicast replication point, including: a cache unit and a sending unit, where:
  • a cache unit configured to cache the multicast data
  • a sending unit configured to send the multicast data stored by the cache unit to the terminal when the terminal sends the channel switching request.
  • the jitter buffer processing performed by the terminal is transferred to the user access device, so that the multicast data is removed on the user access device, and the user access device is closest to the terminal.
  • the system equipment can reduce the requirement of removing the jitter processing in the terminal, and the terminal buffer low water line can be set lower, which can reduce the duration of the T1 in the user switching process, thereby reducing the terminal switching time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an IPTV network architecture in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a user changing a channel in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital media channel switching system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital media channel switching system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a user of an embodiment of the present invention? Schematic diagram of the process of changing channels;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a user changing a channel according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. detailed description
  • the jitter buffer originally located in the terminal is placed on the user access device, so that the multicast data is removed on the user access device, and the user access device is the system closest to the terminal.
  • the device can reduce the requirement of removing the jitter processing in the terminal, and the terminal buffer low water line can be set lower, which can reduce the T1 value during the user switching process, thereby reducing the terminal switching time.
  • Embodiment 1 the embodiment of the present invention also pre-acquires the important frame information of the buffered multicast data, that is, the I frame information, on the user access device, thereby reducing the T2 value in the user handover process.
  • Embodiment 1 the important frame information of the buffered multicast data, that is, the I frame information, on the user access device, thereby reducing the T2 value in the user handover process.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic diagram of a digital media channel switching structure in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a DSLAM is a user access device, and provides an access service for the terminal.
  • a multicast replication point is set on the DSLAM, and the multicast replication point is added to the multicast group in a static join mode.
  • the multicast system is transmitted from the head end system to the DSLAM, the multicast data is copied and distributed at the DSLAM, and the DSLAM to the terminal is unicast.
  • the first embodiment is described by using the STB as a terminal, and is also applicable to other terminals such as a PC.
  • the DSLAM is used as the user access device, and the other user access devices such as the BRAS are also applicable.
  • a first cache unit is disposed on the client access device DSLAM, and the multicast data is cached by the first cache unit.
  • the first buffer unit set by the DSLAM buffers the multicast data to remove network jitter, and the first buffer unit can store 1 to 2 s multicast data frames to cope with the impact of network jitter on the multicast data stream, due to the group on the DSLAM.
  • the broadcast replication point has been statically added to the multicast group.
  • the first cache unit is already filled with the multicast data of the channel program when the user applies for the multicast service. Because the first cache unit has been added to the DSLAM to resist network jitter, the DSLAM is already the closest. The user's carrier equipment, so the corresponding requirements for removing network jitter can be reduced in the STB.
  • the STB buffer low water line can be set relatively small, such as a few frames, thereby greatly reducing the T1 value.
  • an important frame information determining unit may be further configured to determine an important frame, that is, I frame information.
  • the important frame information determining unit determines the I frame information, so that when the multicast data buffered by the first buffer unit is sent to the terminal, the I frame can be quickly found.
  • the I frame start detection may be performed on the ingress port of the first buffer unit, and the I frame address pointer is stored.
  • the first cache unit When a user applies for channel switching, and the DSLAM initiates sending a new channel data stream to the terminal, the first cache unit directly The pointer starts to read the buffered multicast data and transmits it to the terminal through unicast, because it is transmitted from the I frame, and the terminal can determine the I frame information when receiving the transmitted data, so the terminal is saved.
  • the time of the I frame which speeds up the channel switching, can greatly reduce the T2 value.
  • Step 401 A multicast replication point is statically added to a multicast group, and the multicast data is cached.
  • the multicast forwarding point of the device is added to the multicast group in the static join mode to instantly copy the multicast data sent by the cache network. If the user with the open permission requests the multicast data, the cached multicast data is sent to the user. Otherwise, the cached multicast data is discarded immediately.
  • Step 402 Determine an I frame information.
  • the DSLAM receives the multicast data sent by the head end service system through the bearer network, and determines the I frame information when the DSLAM device caches the multicast data. This step may be performed before the cached multicast data enters the first cache unit, in the first cache.
  • the I frame information is detected at the unit entrance, and the I frame address pointer is stored according to the detection result. The solution is convenient for quickly finding an I frame when transmitting the multicast data buffered by the first buffer unit to the terminal.
  • the user initiates a channel switching request.
  • the channel switch request is sent to the DSLAM, and the corresponding process is activated.
  • the DSLAM stops sending multicast data that is being played to the user, and controls the user multicast group to leave and rejoin the process.
  • the user sends a new channel request.
  • the user sends a new channel request to the DSLAM requesting to receive the multicast data sent in the new channel. 405. Send the buffered multicast data to the STB according to the I frame information.
  • the cached multicast data can be directly read from the I frame pointer in the cache. And it is transmitted to the terminal, because it is transmitted from the I frame.
  • the terminal receives the data the first frame is the I frame, so the time for the terminal to find the I frame can be saved, thereby speeding up the channel switching.
  • the terminal streams the data of the new channel according to the received first frame as the I frame through a small buffer, and then decodes and outputs to the television for program playback.
  • the first cache processing is performed on the access device of the user end, and the buffering process of the multicast data is removed, so that the multicast data is removed on the user equipment, and the user is terminated.
  • the incoming device is the system device closest to the terminal, so the requirement for removing the jitter processing can be reduced in the terminal, and the terminal buffer low water line can be set lower, which can reduce the T 1 value during the user switching process, thereby reducing the terminal switching time.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic structural diagram of a digital media channel switching system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • a DSLAM is a user access device, and provides an access service for the terminal.
  • the multicast system transmits from the head end system to the DSLAM, and the multicast data is copied and distributed at the DSLAM, and the DSLAM to the terminal is unicast.
  • the second embodiment is described by using the STB as a terminal, and is also applicable to other terminals such as a PC.
  • the DSLAM is used as the client access device, and the other user access devices such as the BRAS are also applicable.
  • a first buffer unit and a second buffer unit are disposed on the user access device DSLAM, and the multicast data is buffered by the first buffer unit, and the jitter removal processing is performed.
  • the buffer unit performs I frame information processing on the multicast data processed by the first buffer unit cache.
  • the first buffer unit set by the DSLAM buffers the multicast data, and the first buffer unit can store the multicast data frame of 1 ⁇ 2s to cope with the impact of the network jitter on the multicast data stream.
  • the first cache unit is applied by the user.
  • the multicast service is already full of channel program media stream data. Because the first cache unit has been added to the DSLAM to resist network jitter, and the DSLAM is already the closest carrier device to the user, the corresponding jitter processing requirements in the STB can be reduced accordingly.
  • the STB cache low water line can be set relatively small. , for example, a few frames, which can greatly reduce the T1 value.
  • a second buffer unit is further configured to quickly search for an I frame during channel switching, and the multicast data buffered by the second buffer unit may be a duplicate copy of the multicast data buffered by the first cache unit.
  • an important frame start detecting unit is configured to detect the multicast data I frame processed by the second buffer unit buffer.
  • the important frame start detecting unit may perform I frame start detection on the ingress port of the second buffer unit, acquire I frame information, and store an I frame address pointer.
  • the DSLAM starts transmitting new channel data.
  • the second buffer unit directly reads the channel program data from the pointer and transmits it to the STB, because it is transmitted from the I frame, and after the STB receives the relevant data, the first frame is the I frame. Therefore, the time for the STB to find an I frame is saved, thereby speeding up channel switching.
  • the second cache unit may also be refined according to system requirements, and may be configured as a plurality of mutually independent storage units to buffer processing data, so that when multiple users simultaneously initiate channel switching claims, each storage unit may be targeted Different users who initiate the handover request perform processing, which can avoid the problem caused by insufficient system resources when multiple users initiate the handover request at the same time.
  • the storage unit l ⁇ n is configured to support multiple users to quickly search for an I frame when switching channels.
  • the multicast data buffered by the first cache unit can be copied in multiple copies, and a plurality of frames can be selected to ensure that a valid pointer is always available.
  • the number of storage units depends on the system requirements. If it is set too much, it will cause a waste of system resources. If the settings are too small, the user switching requirements cannot be met.
  • Step 601 The multicast replication point is statically added to the multicast group, and the first cache unit caches the multicast data.
  • the multicast replication point located at the user access device is statically added to the multicast group.
  • the DSLAM receives the multicast data sent by the head end service system through the bearer network, and the first cache unit caches the multicast sent by the network. Data, if the user with the open permission requests the multicast data, it is sent to the user, otherwise the cached multicast data is immediately discarded.
  • Step 602 The second buffer unit caches the multicast data buffered by the first cache unit, and determines the I frame information.
  • the second buffer unit caches the multicast data buffered by the first buffer unit, and determines the I frame information.
  • the step may be performed before the buffered multicast data enters each storage unit of the second buffer unit, and the I frame information is detected at the storage unit entrance, so that the multicast data buffered by the storage unit can be quickly sent to the terminal. Look for I frames.
  • the I frame address pointer is also stored according to the detection result.
  • the user initiates a channel switching request.
  • the channel switch request is sent to the DSLAM, and the corresponding process is activated.
  • the DSLAM stops the multicast data being played to the user, and controls the process of leaving and rejoining the multicast group.
  • the user sends a new channel request.
  • the user sends a new channel request to the DSLAM requesting to receive the multicast data sent in the new channel.
  • the second buffer unit sends the buffered multicast data to the STB according to the I frame information.
  • the DSLAM initiates sending the new channel data stream to the terminal, according to each storage unit in the second cache unit.
  • the cached multicast data can directly read the buffered multicast data from the cache I frame pointer and transmit it to the terminal, because it is transmitted from the I frame, and the STB already knows when the data is transmitted to the STB.
  • the I frame information saves the time for the terminal to find the I frame, thereby speeding up channel switching.
  • the storage unit 1 in the second cache unit, the storage unit n can be processed in parallel, and the buffered data is respectively sent to the corresponding STB, and each storage unit can correspond to One user, this saves channel switching time.
  • the terminal Schedule a data stream to the decoding buffer, and decode the buffer output video stream.
  • the terminal streams the data of the new channel according to the received first frame as the I frame through a small buffer, and then decodes and outputs the data to the television for program playback.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système de commutation de canaux multimédia numériques, permettant de résoudre le problème posé à la technique actuelle, à savoir le temps trop long de commutation des canaux. Selon l'invention, le procédé consiste: à installer le point de copie de multidiffusion au niveau du dispositif d'accès du terminal client, à exécuter un processus tampon sur les données de multidiffusion et à transmettre les données de multidiffusion tamponnées au terminal lors de la commutation d'un canal. Le processus tampon de gigue exécuté par le terminal est transféré à l'appareil d'accès client à réaliser de façon que le processus anti-gigue exécuté sur les données de multidiffusion soit réalisé sur l'appareil d'accès client. Il est ainsi possible de réduire les exigences du processus anti-gigue et de fixer plus bas la ligne de charge basse de mise en tampon, car l'appareil d'accès client est celui qui est le plus proche des terminaux du système. En conséquence, il est possible de réduire la période temporelle T1 lors de la commutation de canal, et de raccourcir la durée de commutation de canal.
PCT/CN2007/003415 2006-12-22 2007-11-30 Procédé et système de commutation de canaux multimédia numériques WO2008077302A1 (fr)

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CNB2006101707640A CN100496120C (zh) 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 一种数字媒体频道切换方法及系统
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CN100496120C (zh) * 2006-12-22 2009-06-03 华为技术有限公司 一种数字媒体频道切换方法及系统
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