US20030012604A1 - Method for soil erosion control works or shore protection works and structure for soil protection or shore protection - Google Patents

Method for soil erosion control works or shore protection works and structure for soil protection or shore protection Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030012604A1
US20030012604A1 US10/204,977 US20497702A US2003012604A1 US 20030012604 A1 US20030012604 A1 US 20030012604A1 US 20497702 A US20497702 A US 20497702A US 2003012604 A1 US2003012604 A1 US 2003012604A1
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Prior art keywords
cables
torrent
lodgment
lodgments
nets
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US10/204,977
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English (en)
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Tomio Fukui
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
    • E02B3/124—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and a structure for easily and effectively performing erosion and torrent control and shore protection works for a torrent located between mountains, a river, and the like, without damaging the natural environment.
  • the bed of a torrent, stream, or river (hereinafter called a “torrent bed”) is always eroded by sand and stones that are carried down by the stream. Especially, in case of a flood, a rapid and powerful avalanche of sand and stones is generated, and it greatly erodes the torrent bed. If no control strategy is taken for such erosions, the base of the shore of a torrent, a riverbank, or an embankment (hereinafter just called a “shore”) is deeply excised, as well as the torrent bed being excised. This causes the shore to collapse and hence causes a large amount of earth, sand, and the like to be deposited on the torrent bed. This further increases the risk of the generation of an avalanche of sand and stones.
  • Debris barrier works, which have been most widely constructed from olden times, are to provide a series of dams, fences, or the like at proper intervals on a torrent bed transversely of a torrent to cause earth, sand, and gravels to be deposited upstream of the series of dams, etc., and to raise and consolidate the torrent bed to weaken the power of the water flow and any avalanche of sand and stones.
  • Consolidation works are to solidify a torrent bed by using gravels or concrete.
  • Shore protection works are to cover the sidewall of the shore by concrete or the like. By performing these works the bed and shore of a torrent have been protected from erosion.
  • This invention was conceived to solve that problem. It aims to provide a method of construction works for preventing the bed and shore of a torrent from being eroded by using steel cables and steel nets, without requiring a huge number of works or huge costs. Since a net has less resistance against a water flow and the like that flow down, but it has great resistance against any force that tends to push it up, it is extremely effective to resolve the problem.
  • one aspect of the present invention is a method for erosion and torrent control works to prevent a torrent bed from being eroded, comprising the steps of fixing at least two longitudinal cables directly or indirectly to lodgments (fixing points or places); connecting the longitudinal cables by at least two lateral cables at proper intervals; and providing at least two nets, the number of nets corresponding to the number of lateral cables, and mooring the at least two nets by the longitudinal cables and the lateral cables, or by the longitudinal cables and mooring cables that are connected to the longitudinal cables so that the nets are arranged at proper intervals in the direction of a water flow, and so that the nets face the water flow.
  • the lodgments may be trees, rocks, or artificial structures.
  • the step of fixing the longitudinal cables indirectly to the lodgments may include the steps of connecting two lodgments by an auxiliary cable and connecting the longitudinal cables to the auxiliary cable.
  • the method of the present invention for erosion and torrent control works may include a step of connecting fence members to the nets and/or the longitudinal and lateral cables.
  • Each fence member may be a series of concrete blocks connected by elongated concertina wires filled with stones.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is a method for shore protection works to protect a shore, a riverbank, an embankment, etc., from erosion, comprising the steps of providing at least two lodgments along the shore, riverbank, or embankment of a torrent, or outside thereof; providing a net so that the net extends in the direction of the water flow of the torrent and connecting an upper side of the net to the lodgments so that the net hangs down on the surface of the shore, riverbank, or embankment; and fixing a lower side of the net to a second lodgment that is provided on a torrent bed.
  • the first lodgments may be artificial structures or trees, and the second lodgment may be an artificial structure or a rock.
  • the method of the present invention for shore protection works may further include the steps of connecting at least two longitudinal cables directly or indirectly to third lodgments and mooring the net by the longitudinal cables and mooring cables that are connected to the longitudinal cables.
  • the third lodgments may be trees, rocks, or artificial structures.
  • a further aspect of the present invention is a method for erosion and torrent control and shore protection works to prevent the bed and shore of a torrent from being eroded, comprising the steps of fixing at least two longitudinal cables directly or indirectly to first lodgments; providing at least two nets so that the nets are arranged at proper intervals in the direction of the water flow of a torrent and mooring the nets by the longitudinal cables and mooring cables that are connected to the longitudinal cables so that the nets face the water flow; providing at least two second secured lodgments along the torrent shore or outside thereof; fixing the upper sides of the nets to the second lodgments so that the nets hang down on the surface of the torrent shore; and connecting lower sides of the nets to a third lodgment that is provided on the torrent bed or to one of the longitudinal cables.
  • the method for erosion and torrent control and shore protection works may include a step of providing an auxiliary member to be moored between the second lodgments and the third lodgment or one of the longitudinal cables before the step of fixing the upper sides of the nets to the second lodgments.
  • the auxiliary mooring member may be a cover in the form of a bar blind, or a grating, using bars of wood, concrete, or plastic, or may be a sheet of cloth.
  • the first lodgments may be trees, rocks, or artificial structures; the second lodgments may be artificial structures or trees; and the third lodgment may be an artificial structure or a rock.
  • mooring members that are made of steel nets are used for a torrent bed and/or shore, etc., for erosion and torrent control and/or shore protection, they can protect the torrent bed and shore, etc., without requiring a huge number of works or huge costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the first embodiment of the present invention, i.e., a structure for erosion and torrent control works.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the second embodiment of the present invention, i.e., a structure for erosion and torrent control works.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the third embodiment of the present invention, i.e., a structure for shore protection works.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, i.e., a structure for shore protection works.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fifth embodiment of the present invention, i.e., a structure for erosion and torrent control and shore protection works.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the sixth embodiment of the present invention, i.e., a structure for erosion and torrent control and shore protection works
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 the first embodiment of the present invention, i.e., a construction method and structure for erosion and torrent control works, is explained.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the first embodiment, showing the construction method and structure for erosion and torrent control works.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plurality of longitudinal cables 1 , two lodgments (trees in this embodiment) 2 , two members 3 to be moored, an auxiliary cable 4 , and two lateral cables 5 .
  • the longitudinal cables 1 are connected to the auxiliary cable 4 , which is secured to the lodgments 2 located at the opposing riverbanks or shores. Thus the longitudinal cables 1 are fixed to the lodgments 2 through the auxiliary cable 4 .
  • Each member 3 to be moored is a net, which is the characteristic part of the present invention, and which is connected, for covering the torrent bed, to the longitudinal cables 1 (three cables in the embodiment) and one lateral cable 5 .
  • the material of the longitudinal cables 1 , auxiliary cable 4 , lateral cable 5 , and the members 3 to be moored is not limited to a special one and may be any one that has the desired strength, and that is durable, especially against water.
  • the longitudinal cables 1 , the auxiliary cable 4 , and the lateral cable 5 may be steel cables, and the nets may be steel nets.
  • Steel cables and nets that are available from commercial markets have enough strength to moor the nets by the cables if the nets are properly moored, so that the cables are not cut by any natural forces, or so that the moored members are not shifted by a large amount by the natural forces, to allow a large number of stones deposited in the members to flow down.
  • the cables may be selected from those specified by JIS G 3525, etc., which have various fracture strengths depending on their surfaces, whether the surfaces are treated or untreated, and their method of being twisted and their diameter. Accordingly, the cables may be selected by considering various conditions such as the size of the sand, gravels and stones in the site where the structure of the present invention is to be installed, the speed of the water flow of a torrent, etc.
  • Trees, or rocks that are completely fixed or immovable, or artificial structure such as concrete blocks may be used as the lodgments 2 .
  • trees are used as the lodgments 2 .
  • the trees, which act as the lodgments, need not be large ones, but they must be ones that have roots extending widely to some degree. If it is doubted whether two tress (like in this embodiment) have enough strength to support the structure of the invention, the auxiliary cable 4 may be connected to more than two trees. This strategy can be applied to the other embodiments explained below. Especially, trees can be effectively used as the lodgments 2 in erosion and torrent control and shore protection works for a torrent.
  • the auxiliary cable 4 can be secured to the lodgments 2 in any known manner, such as by encircling trees, by tying it to trees, and by using fixing hardware.
  • Known clamps or the like can be used to easily connect the longitudinal cables 1 and the auxiliary cable 4 .
  • the members 3 to be moored can be moored by the longitudinal cables 1 by using any known method. In conclusion, any method can be used if the desirable strength of cables is utilized and if the members to be moored and the sand and stones in the torrent bed do not flow down.
  • the torrent bed is covered with some nets, which are moored members 3 , to stop the gravels from flowing down, to thereby form the natural and stable torrent bed, while longitudinal cables 1 that are connected to stable lodgments are disposed inside and outside the torrent and connected to each other by lateral cables 5 to moor and fix the nets by the longitudinal and lateral cables 1 , 5 .
  • the structure explained above prevents the gravels deposited in the torrent bed from flowing down, thereby making the torrent bed stable and preventing it from being eroded.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the second embodiment of the present invention, for explaining a method and structure for erosion and torrent control works for a torrent or a river.
  • This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the lodgments 2 are located on one side of a mountain, and in that fence members 6 are used, instead of the auxiliary cable 4 , to moor the members 3 to be moored by longitudinal cables 1 .
  • the longitudinal cables 1 which moor the members 3 , are connected to the lodgments located on one side of a mountain beside which the torrent or river extends.
  • the longitudinal cables may extend beyond the lodgments, which are located at the mountainside, and beyond the top of the mountain so that they may be also fixed to one optional lodgment or lodgments that are located on the opposite side (not shown) of the mountain.
  • the size, location, material, etc., of artificial structures available as the lodgments 2 may be selected on a case-by-case basis. Since there may be a case where there is no suitable tree or there is an insufficient number of trees available as lodgments 2 , because of a steep gorge where just an insufficient number of trees exist at the lodging place, installing lodgments 2 such as cubic or cylindrical concrete blocks or the like is recommended.
  • heavy fence members 6 may be provided on the upper surfaces or under the lower surfaces of the nets, perpendicularly to the flow of the torrent.
  • Each fence member 6 may be a series of concrete blocks jointed by elongated concertina wires filled with stones, and it may be moored by the nets and/or the longitudinal and lateral cables 1 , 4 to more effectively prevent the gravels from flowing down.
  • a broad torrent bed is consolidated entirely or partly. It is considered that performing the works of the embodiments would not produce environmental despoliation. Further, since after the torrent bed is covered with the nets almost the entire natural convex and concave shape produced by the gravels may be maintained, such a torrent bed is also effective to weaken the power of the stream of the torrent.
  • a torrent bed located just downstream of dams, fences, or the like is easily prevented from being eroded by the water pressure of a stream that falls rapidly (i.e., preventing an “erosion phenomena”).
  • a ridge of a mountain, trees, an artificial structure, and dams may be used for providing stable lodgments that can support the great tension applied to the longitudinal cables 1 in the same way as the debris barrier, etc., which use cables, disclosed in one prior-art publication (Japanese Patent Application No. 10-519215, or WO98/17869). The contents of the prior-art publication are incorporated herein for reference.
  • just one member 3 to be moored is used, it must be long one. Thus it is desirable to use two or more members and to dispose them in the direction from upstream to downstream.
  • the members 3 to be moored may be connected to each other by tie cables (not shown). In that case, stones, etc. may flow between the members. However, the force that acts on the members is distributed. Thus this distribution prevents the structure of the present invention from collapsing.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view for showing the third embodiment of the method and structure of the invention for shore protection works.
  • nets 3 as members to be moored, are connected at their top sides to stable lodgments 7 that are provided at the shore of the torrent (or outside the embankment) so that the nets 3 hang on the surface of the torrent and are also connected at their lower sides to other lodgments 7 ′ that are located in the torrent bed so that the nets are fixed on the surface.
  • the lodgments 7 ′ may be weights, for example, rocks, as long as they can act as the lodgments.
  • the structure aims to protect the shore.
  • the moored members 3 are arranged along the shore.
  • the longitudinal direction of the nets 3 is parallel to the flow of the torrent.
  • the shapes of the nets may be such ones that conform to the shapes of the shore.
  • the nets are preferably long ones arranged along the torrent if they aim to protect the shore as discussed above.
  • lodgments 2 may be provided. In that case, two or more trees that are located long the shore may be selected as lodgments 2 , and a longitudinal cable may be connected between the lodgments 2 .
  • the longitudinal cable may moor the members 3 so that the moored members hang on the surface of the shore.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view for illustrating the fourth embodiment of the method and structure of the present invention for shore protection works.
  • This fourth embodiment is similar to the third embodiment but differs from it in that longitudinal cables 1 are used to secure the members 3 to lodgments.
  • the longitudinal cables 1 are connected to an auxiliary cable 4 that is secured to stable or immovable lodgments (trees), the longitudinal cables 1 are fixed to the lodgments 2 through the auxiliary cable 4 .
  • the longitudinal cables 1 which are arranged along the torrent, are disposed in the water of the torrent or in the space above it.
  • Subjects 3 to be moored which are similar to those in the first embodiment, are moored by the longitudinal cables 1 and a mooring cable 8 .
  • the members 3 are more securely fixed to the shore.
  • the shore is protected from erosion and collapse, since the base of the shore (including an embankment) is effectively protected from erosion.
  • FIG. 5 is schematic view showing the fifth embodiment of the method and structure of the present invention for erosion and torrent control works and shore protection works.
  • the structure in FIG. 5 has both the structure shown in FIG. 1 and the structure shown in FIG. 3.
  • two members 3 to be moored that act for protecting the torrent bed are connected to longitudinal cables 1 and a mooring cable 8
  • two other members 3 to be moored, that act for protecting the shore are connected to lodgments 7 at their top sides and at their lower sides to one of the longitudinal cables 1 or fixing lodgments 7 ′ (weights that can act as lodgments, for example, rocks) located in the torrent bed.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the sixth embodiment of the method and structure of the invention for erosion and torrent control works and shore protection works.
  • the structure of it is almost the same as that in the fifth embodiment, but differs from it in that moored auxiliary members 9 cover the shore before or after the two moored members 3 that act to protect the shore cover it.
  • the shore may be eroded by the flow of water that passes through the net 3 (members) if the soil of the shore is brittle.
  • using the auxiliary members 9 to be moored, before or after the placement of the members 3 to be moored, has been conceived.
  • each auxiliary member 9 to be moored has two cables that connect two lodgments 7 located above the member 9 to one of the longitudinal cables 1 and a plurality of wood bars perpendicularly connected to the two cables at predetermined intervals.
  • the length of the wood bars is preferably greater than the distance between the two cables, so that they are securely connected to the two cables.
  • auxiliary members 9 to be moored are placed on the surface of the shore before or after the members 3 to be moored for covering the shore are placed.
  • both the auxiliary members 9 to be moored and the members 3 to be moored cover the shore, the shore is well protected from erosion even if the soil of it is brittle.
  • each auxiliary member 9 may be replaced with a fence member similar to the fence member 6 in the second embodiment, which is made of anticorrosion material, or concrete or plastic bars.
  • the auxiliary member 9 shown in FIG. 6 is a cover in the form of a bar blind, it may be a sheet of cloth having the same size as that of the member 3 to be moored. Any material that can protect the shore may be used for the cover or sheet.
  • the size of the mesh of the nets may be properly selected depending on the soil of the torrent bed and shore and the speed of the torrent for the purposes of controlling erosion and approximating the appearance of the torrent in its natural condition.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
US10/204,977 2000-12-28 2001-12-26 Method for soil erosion control works or shore protection works and structure for soil protection or shore protection Abandoned US20030012604A1 (en)

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JP2000402632A JP2002201627A (ja) 2000-12-28 2000-12-28 砂防又は護岸工事方法、並びに、砂防又は護岸用構造物
JP2000-402632 2000-12-28

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US10/204,977 Abandoned US20030012604A1 (en) 2000-12-28 2001-12-26 Method for soil erosion control works or shore protection works and structure for soil protection or shore protection

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US (1) US20030012604A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1347101B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2002201627A (ja)
KR (1) KR100554867B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN1211538C (ja)
AT (1) ATE409779T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU2002217504B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR0108742A (ja)
CA (1) CA2401992C (ja)
DE (1) DE60136008D1 (ja)
EA (1) EA003809B1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2315258T3 (ja)
HK (1) HK1052732B (ja)
MX (1) MXPA02008399A (ja)
NO (1) NO20024080L (ja)
NZ (1) NZ521010A (ja)
WO (1) WO2002053842A1 (ja)

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US20070020048A1 (en) * 2005-07-25 2007-01-25 Clark Kevin L Multi-layer liner assembly for a sand trap
US20070278142A1 (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Clark Kevin L Liner assembly for a sand trap
US20090038214A1 (en) * 2007-08-10 2009-02-12 Indian Valley Industries, Inc. Golf course bunker boundary protection system
US20150071716A1 (en) * 2013-09-06 2015-03-12 Urethane Technology Company, Inc. Erosion Control Sediment Barrier
US20180153143A1 (en) * 2016-07-20 2018-06-07 James Patrick Barber Apparatus, system, and method for stream restoration

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CN102242545A (zh) * 2010-05-14 2011-11-16 鋐源企业有限公司 钢索式水土保持施工方法以及植生网
CN102409640B (zh) * 2011-09-02 2013-07-17 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 一种土石坝溃坝被动泄流抢险方法
CN111581579B (zh) * 2020-03-06 2023-03-24 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 一种堰塞湖泄流调控方法
CN113863178B (zh) * 2021-07-15 2022-07-22 西南交通大学 一种树锚式柔性防护系统及其检验评估方法
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US5951202A (en) * 1997-05-05 1999-09-14 Brown; Gregory Benn Shoreline erosion-preventing bank installation

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US20070020048A1 (en) * 2005-07-25 2007-01-25 Clark Kevin L Multi-layer liner assembly for a sand trap
US7399145B2 (en) 2005-07-25 2008-07-15 Clark Kevin L Multi-layer liner assembly for a sand trap
US20070278142A1 (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Clark Kevin L Liner assembly for a sand trap
US7699562B2 (en) * 2006-05-31 2010-04-20 Clark Kevin L Liner assembly for a sand trap
US20090038214A1 (en) * 2007-08-10 2009-02-12 Indian Valley Industries, Inc. Golf course bunker boundary protection system
US20150071716A1 (en) * 2013-09-06 2015-03-12 Urethane Technology Company, Inc. Erosion Control Sediment Barrier
US9644333B2 (en) * 2013-09-06 2017-05-09 Urethane Technology Company, Inc. Erosion control sediment barrier
US20180153143A1 (en) * 2016-07-20 2018-06-07 James Patrick Barber Apparatus, system, and method for stream restoration

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NO20024080L (no) 2002-09-17
JP2002201627A (ja) 2002-07-19
DE60136008D1 (de) 2008-11-13
HK1052732B (zh) 2005-12-09
EP1347101B1 (en) 2008-10-01
ATE409779T1 (de) 2008-10-15
NO20024080D0 (no) 2002-08-27
HK1052732A1 (en) 2003-09-26
EA200200930A1 (ru) 2003-02-27
CA2401992C (en) 2006-05-02
EP1347101A1 (en) 2003-09-24
BR0108742A (pt) 2002-12-24
AU2002217504B2 (en) 2006-08-31
KR20020077514A (ko) 2002-10-11
NZ521010A (en) 2005-02-25
MXPA02008399A (es) 2002-12-13
CA2401992A1 (en) 2002-07-11
EP1347101A4 (en) 2004-03-24
WO2002053842A1 (fr) 2002-07-11
CN1406303A (zh) 2003-03-26
KR100554867B1 (ko) 2006-02-24
ES2315258T3 (es) 2009-04-01
EA003809B1 (ru) 2003-10-30
CN1211538C (zh) 2005-07-20

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