US20020164524A1 - Lithium secondary cell - Google Patents
Lithium secondary cell Download PDFInfo
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- US20020164524A1 US20020164524A1 US10/083,323 US8332302A US2002164524A1 US 20020164524 A1 US20020164524 A1 US 20020164524A1 US 8332302 A US8332302 A US 8332302A US 2002164524 A1 US2002164524 A1 US 2002164524A1
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- negative electrode
- positive electrode
- electrode collector
- lithium secondary
- secondary cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/54—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49114—Electric battery cell making including adhesively bonding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lithium secondary cell (hereinafter simply referred to as “cell”), and more particularly, to a lithium secondary cell with excellent productivity and space-saving capability.
- This lithium secondary cell contains an inner electrode body (hereinafter simply referred to as “electrode body”) made up of a positive electrode and a negative electrode wound or laminated together with a separator made of a porous polymer film inserted in between so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode do not directly contact each other.
- electrode body an inner electrode body (hereinafter simply referred to as “electrode body”) made up of a positive electrode and a negative electrode wound or laminated together with a separator made of a porous polymer film inserted in between so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode do not directly contact each other.
- a conventional wind type inner electrode body 61 is manufactured with a positive electrode 62 and negative electrode 63 wound with a separator 64 inserted in between, each provided with at least one collector tab 65 for the positive electrode and one collector tab 66 for the negative electrode (hereinafter referred to as “collector tabs 65 and 66 ”). Then, as shown in FIG. 19, the edges on the opposite side of the collector tabs 65 and 66 connected to the electrode plates 62 and 63 are attached to internal terminals 69 A and 69 B, etc.
- Reference numeral 76 denotes an elastic body (packing); 77 , an insulation polymer film; 78 , a pressure reducing valve; 79 , a metallic foil.
- Electrodes plates such as aluminum, etc. for the positive electrode and copper or nickel for the negative electrode as collector substrates, and each electrode plate is formed by applying an electrode active material and the collector tabs are placed on at least one side of these collector substrates.
- the collector tabs need to be attached to the electrode plates one by one, for example, by spot-welding, when the electrode body is wound, and the problem is that its process is complicated. Furthermore, at the edges on the opposite side connected to the electrode plates of the collector tabs, the plurality of collector tabs need to be bound and attached to the internal terminals by, for example, riveting, and therefore its process is also complicated and has a problem that it is not easy to connect the collector tabs while maintaining them at low resistance. Furthermore, there is another problem that connecting the electrode body and internal terminals using a plurality of collector tabs requires quite a large space accordingly.
- the present invention has been implemented in view of the above-described conventional problems and it is an object of the present invention to provide a lithium secondary cell with excellent productivity and space-saving capability by adopting a configuration that each electrode plate and collector are directly joined to the current lead-out part from the inner electrode body to lead out a current.
- the present invention provides a lithium secondary cell comprising an inner electrode body impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, made up of a positive electrode and a negative electrode each made of at least one metallic foil wound or laminated together and a positive electrode collector and a negative electrode collector to lead out a current from this inner electrode body, characterized in that the edges of the above-described metallic foils constituting the above-described positive electrode and/or the above-described negative electrode and predetermined parts of the above-described positive electrode collector and negative electrode collector are joined together to lead out a current from the above-described inner electrode body, and of the edges of the above-described metallic foils, the arranged edges (joint edges) to be joined to the above-described predetermined parts of the above-described positive electrode collector and/or the above-described negative electrode collector and the above-described predetermined parts of the above-described positive electrode collector and/or the above-described negative electrode collector are joined together.
- the present invention can also be constructed in such a way as to further comprise an electrode cover including internal terminals, external terminals and a cell cover, characterized in that the above-described positive electrode collector and/or the above-described negative electrode collector are connected to the above-described internal terminals using electrode leads.
- the above-described collector can also serve as an electrode cover.
- the present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that the joint edges of the metallic foil constituting the positive electrode (positive electrode metallic foil) and a joint having a joint surface at the edge that extends from the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector toward the joint edges are joined with the narrow end face of the joint edges facing the joint surface.
- the present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that the positive electrode metallic foil and the positive electrode collector are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector is the edge of the positive electrode collector.
- the present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that the joint edges of the metallic foil constituting the negative electrode (negative electrode metallic foil) and a joint having a joint surface at the edge that extends from the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector toward the joint edges are joined with the side near the joint edges adhered to the joint surface.
- the present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that the negative electrode metallic foil and the negative electrode collector are made of copper or a copper alloy and the side and the joint surface are closely contacted by bending the part near the joint edges.
- the present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that columnar crystals are formed from the metallic foil toward the negative electrode collector at the joint between the metallic foil and the negative electrode collector.
- the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector is preferably the edge of the negative electrode collector.
- the joint between the joint edges of the positive electrode metallic foil and the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector is preferably formed by irradiating a convex part protruding toward the joint edges formed on the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector with energy beams, melting the convex part of the positive electrode collector and welding the convex part of the positive electrode collector to the joint edges of the positive electrode metallic foil.
- the present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that the joint between the joint edges of the negative electrode metallic foil and the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector (negative electrode joint) is formed by irradiating a convex part protruding toward the joint edge formed on the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector with energy beams, melting the convex part of the negative electrode collector and welding the convex part of the negative electrode collector to the joint edges of the negative electrode metallic foil.
- the shape of the positive electrode collector and/or negative electrode collector is not limited to a particular shape, but it is preferably a cross-, Y- or I-figured tabular collector or a circular collector with partial notching.
- the positive electrode collector and/or negative electrode collector is preferably formed of the convex part and other flat part and the difference between the thickness (L 2 ) of the convex part and the thickness (L 1 ) of the flat part is 0.1 mm or more, the thickness of the flat part of the positive electrode collector is preferably 0.4 mm or more and the thickness of the convex part of the positive electrode collector is preferably 0.6 mm or more.
- the present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that when the positive electrode joint is formed, the energy beam is irradiated onto the predetermined part at an angle ⁇ (0° ⁇ 90°) with respect to the normal to the plane including the narrow end face of the positive electrode metallic foil and when the positive electrode joint is formed, the power density of the energy beam at the irradiation point is 3 kW/mm 2 or more.
- the thickness of the flat part of the negative electrode collector is preferably 0.2 mm or more and the thickness of the convex part of the negative electrode collector is preferably 0.4 mm or more.
- the present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that when the negative electrode joint is formed, the energy beam is irradiated onto the predetermined part at an angle ⁇ (0° ⁇ 30°) with respect to the normal to the plane including the side of the negative electrode metallic foil and when the negative electrode joint is formed, the power density of the energy beam at the irradiation point is 6 kW/mm 2 or more.
- the thickness of the convex part is L 1 (mm) and the power density is E (kW/mm 2 )
- the irradiation point of the energy beam at the negative electrode collector be plane, and that the spot diameter of the irradiation point be 1 mm or less.
- the positive electrode collector is preferably placed in such a way that the convex part crosses the narrow end face at quasi-right angles.
- the energy beam is preferably irradiated onto the convex part of the positive electrode collector at quasi-right angles with respect to the line crossing the narrow end face at quasi-right angles.
- the negative electrode collector is preferably placed in such a way that the convex part crosses the side of the negative electrode metallic foil at quasi-right angles.
- the energy beam is preferably irradiated onto the convex part of the negative electrode collector at quasi-right angles with respect to the line crossing the side of the negative electrode metallic foil at quasi-right angles.
- the energy beam is preferably not directly irradiated onto the metallic foil. Neighboring metallic foils are preferably placed with a certain gap kept in between. Furthermore, the energy beam is preferably constituted by a laser or electron beam. Furthermore, the energy beam is preferably a continuous wave. The laser is preferably a YAG laser.
- a joint material for supporting the joint between the positive electrode collector and the positive electrode metallic foil is preferably applied to the predetermined part of the positive electrode metallic foil and/or the positive electrode collector or inserted between the positive electrode metallic foil and the positive electrode collector, and formed by irradiating the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector and the joint material with an energy beam and thereby melting the two and welding the melted predetermined part of the positive electrode collector and the joint material to the joint edges of the positive electrode metallic foil.
- a joint material for supporting the joint between the negative electrode collector and the negative electrode metallic foil is preferably applied to the negative electrode metallic foil and/or the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector or inserted between the negative electrode metallic foil and the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector, and formed by irradiating the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector and the joint material with an energy beam and thereby melting the two and welding the melted predetermined part of the negative electrode collector and the joint material to the joint edges of the negative electrode metallic foil.
- the present invention is preferably applicable to a cell having a capacity of 2 Ah or more and used to start an engine or to drive a motor of an electric car or hybrid electric car.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a joint between a positive electrode metallic foil and positive electrode collector of a lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a replica diagram showing an example of a current lead-out part where the positive electrode metallic foil and positive electrode collector are joined.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a joint between a negative electrode metallic foil and negative electrode collector of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a replica diagram of a photo showing an example of a current lead-out part where a wind type electrode body and positive electrode collector of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention are joined.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing examples of the collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of an energy beam irradiation section of the positive electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of an energy beam irradiation section of the negative electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing another example of the energy beam irradiation section of the positive electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically showing a further example of the energy beam irradiation section of the positive electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing a still further example of the energy beam irradiation section of the positive electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view schematically showing another example of the energy beam irradiation section of the negative electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view schematically showing a further example of the energy beam irradiation section of the negative electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing an example of the shape of a convex part of the collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing another example of the shape of the convex part of the collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing an example of a method of bending the metallic foil.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic view illustrating another example of the method of bending the metallic foil.
- FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a conventional lithium secondary cell.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing an example of a wind type inner electrode body.
- FIG. 21 is a microphotograph showing a metal organization of a section of a joint body in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 22 is a microphotograph showing a metal organization of a section of a joint body in Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 23 is a microphotograph showing a metal organization of a section of a joint body in Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 24 is a microphotograph showing a metal organization of a section of a joint body in comparative example 1.
- FIG. 25 is a microphotograph showing a metal organization of a section of a joint body in comparative example 2.
- the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is a Lithium secondary cell 68 comprising an inner electrode body (wind type inner electrode body 61 ) impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, made up of a positive electrode and a negative electrode each made of at least one metallic foil wound or laminated, a positive electrode collector 4 A and negative electrode collector 4 B to lead out a current from this inner electrode body, characterized in that the edges of at least one metallic foil constituting the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode and predetermined parts of the positive electrode collector 4 A and/or negative electrode collector 4 B are joined together to lead out a current from the inner electrode body, and of the edges of the metallic foils, the arranged edges (joint edges) 15 to be joined to the predetermined parts of the positive electrode collector 4 A and/or the negative electrode collector 4 B and the predetermined parts of the positive electrode collector 4 A and/or the negative electrode collector 4 B are joined together.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a joint between a positive electrode and positive electrode collector of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention and shows that the edges of at least one metallic foil (positive electrode metallic foil 1 A) making up the positive electrode and a predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A are joined to lead out a current from the inner electrode body and further shows that the edges (joint edges) 15 arranged to be joined to the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A of the edges of the metallic foil and the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A are joined.
- at least one metallic foil positive electrode metallic foil 1 A
- predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A are joined to lead out a current from the inner electrode body and further shows that the edges (joint edges) 15 arranged to be joined to the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A of the edges of the metallic foil and the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A are joined.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a joint between the negative electrode and negative electrode collector of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention and shows that the edges of at least one metallic foil (negative electrode metallic foil 1 B) making up the negative electrode and a predetermined part of the negative electrode collector 4 B are joined to lead out a current from the inner electrode body and further shows that the edges (joint edges) 15 arranged to be joined to the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector 4 B of the edges of the metallic foil and the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector 4 B are joined.
- the edges (joint edges) 15 arranged to be joined to the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector 4 B of the edges of the metallic foil and the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector 4 B are joined.
- the present invention can also have a configuration comprising an electrode cover provided with internal terminals 69 A and 69 B, external terminals 70 A and 70 B and cell covers 71 A and 71 B, with the positive electrode collector 4 A and negative electrode collector 4 B connected to the internal terminals 69 A and 69 B using their respective electrode leads 72 .
- the electrode leads 72 are preferably made of a metal of the same type including its alloy as that of the collectors 4 A and 4 B connected and the internal terminals 69 A and 69 B.
- the positive electrode internal terminal 69 A and positive electrode collector 4 A it is preferable that aluminum or an aluminum alloy be used for the positive electrode leads, and if copper or a copper alloy is used for the negative electrode internal terminal 69 B and negative electrode collector 4 B, it is preferable that copper or a copper alloy be used for the negative electrode leads.
- the present invention can also be implemented by directly joining the collectors 4 A and 4 B with the internal terminals 69 A and 69 B to carry a current instead of using the electrode leads.
- the present invention can also be implemented by using the current lead-out part of the present invention for the positive electrode and negative electrode or either of the two.
- the collector 54 can also serve as the electrode cover as shown in FIG. 7.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of a case of a cylindrical cell case 73 with one end left open and constriction processing applied to the other end.
- the shape of the cell is not limited to a particular one and both ends of the cell case 73 can either be subjected to constriction processing or left open.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of a case where a pressure reducing hole 75 is provided on the positive electrode side, but a pressure reducing hole 75 may also be provided on the negative electrode side.
- the present invention be constructed in such a way that the joint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A making up the positive electrode is joined to the joint 5 having a joint surface at the end, which extends from a predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A toward the joint edges 15 , with the narrow end face 2 facing the joint surface.
- Aluminum or an aluminum alloy is preferably used as the metal material making up the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A and the positive electrode collector 4 A to be joined thereto from the standpoint that it displays an optimal characteristic as the component of the lithium secondary cell. Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
- the joint (positive electrode joint) between the joint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A and the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A is preferably formed by irradiating a convex part 7 protruding toward the joint edges 15 formed on the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A with an energy beam 8 , melting the convex part 7 of the positive electrode collector 4 A and thereby welding the convex part 7 of the positive electrode collector 4 A to the joint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A.
- the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A be an edge 6 of the positive electrode collector 4 A because this makes it easier to check the joint surface.
- this method consists of forming a joint body between the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A and the positive electrode collector 4 A by placing the positive electrode collector 4 A having the convex part 7 protruding toward the predetermined part of the edges (joint edges) 15 arranged to be joined to the positive electrode collector 4 A of the edges of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A in such a way that the convex part 7 has contact with or comes close to at least one of the narrow end faces 2 , irradiating the convex part 7 of the positive electrode collector 4 A with the energy beam 8 and melting the convex part 7 and welding the melted convex part 7 of the positive electrode collector 4 A to the joint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A.
- the shape of the convex part 7 protruding toward the joint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A on the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A is not limited to a particular one, but it is preferable that the shape of the convex part 7 secure the contact between the convex surface of the convex part 7 and the narrow end face 2 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A so as to facilitate the welding of the joint edge 15 of the positive electrode :metallic foil 1 A and the positive electrode collector 4 A and a preferable example can include a case where the convex surface of the convex part 7 and the narrow end face 2 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A are formed in such a way as to have point contact with each other.
- FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show specific examples of the shape of the convex part of the collector.
- the shape of the convex part 7 of the positive electrode collector 4 A and the negative electrode collector 4 B (described later) can be either a trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG. 15 or a spire-like shape as shown in FIG. 16.
- L 1 denotes the thickness of the flat part 12 and L 2 denotes the thickness of the convex part 7 .
- the positive electrode collector 4 A be constructed of the convex part 7 and other flat part 12 , the difference between the thickness (L 2 ) of the convex part 7 and the thickness (L 1 ) of the flat part 12 be 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.6 mm or more and most preferably 0.8 mm or more.
- the difference in thickness between the convex part 7 and flat part 12 is less than 0.1 mm, it is impossible to take advantage of the feature in the shape of the convex part 7 and not desirable because the contact between the convex part 7 and the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A becomes unstable.
- the upper limit of the difference in thickness between the convex part 7 and flat part 12 in the present invention is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the processing accuracy and strength, etc. of the positive electrode collector as appropriate, for example, 3 mm or less.
- the thickness (L 1 ) of the flat part of the positive electrode collector 4 A be 0.4 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more and most preferably 0.6 mm or more.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the flat part is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the strength and weight, etc. of the positive electrode collector as appropriate, for example, 2 mm or less because it is the part not directly related to the welded part.
- the thickness (L 2 ) of the convex part of the positive electrode collector 4 A be 0.6 mm or more, more preferably 0.7 mm or more and most preferably 0.8 mm or more. This strengthens the joint between the two.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the convex part is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the limit of irradiation power of the energy beam, etc. as appropriate.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of the positive electrode collector 4 A having the convex part 7 at the edge 6 .
- the energy beam 8 from the upper surface of the positive electrode collector 4 A, it is possible to join the positive electrode collector 4 A and joint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A by welding.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of the positive electrode collector 31 A having the convex part 33 thicker than that of the positive electrode collector 4 A in the FIG. 8.
- FIG. 11 shows an example of a case where a tabular positive electrode collector 41 is placed in such a way that its end face contacts the joint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A.
- the lithium secondary cell of the present invention can also be manufactured by joining the positive electrode collector 41 without the convex part and a plurality of positive electrode metallic foils 1 A.
- FIG. 12 shows an example of a case where a convex part 52 is provided on a predetermined part except the edge of a positive electrode collector 51 A. In this case, it is possible to irradiate al energy beam 53 onto the back of the positive electrode collector 51 A with a convex part 52 to join the positive electrode collector 51 A and the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A.
- the joint (negative joint) between the joint edges 15 of the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B and the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector 4 B be formed by irradiating the energy beam 8 onto the convex part 7 protruding toward the joint edges 15 formed on the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector 4 B, thereby melting the convex part 7 of the negative electrode collector 4 B and welding the convex part 7 of the negative electrode collector 4 B and the joint edges 15 of the negative electrode metallic foil 1 .
- the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector 4 B be the edge 6 of the negative electrode collector 4 B from the standpoint of the ease of checking of the joint surface.
- Examples of the method of joining the negative electrode metallic foil and the negative electrode collector of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention include the following methods. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, it is possible to join the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B and the negative electrode collector 4 B by placing the negative electrode collector 4 B provided on the predetermined part of the convex part 7 protruding toward the edges (joint edges) 15 arranged to be joined to the negative electrode collector 4 B of the edges of the negative electrode metallic foil 4 B in such a way that the convex part 7 closely contacts the side 13 near at least one of the joint edges 15 , irradiating the energy beam 8 onto the convex part 7 of the negative electrode collector 4 B, melting the convex part 7 , welding the melted convex part 7 of the negative electrode collector 4 B to the joint edges 15 of the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B.
- the methods of closely contacting the side 13 with the convex part 7 by bending the area close to the joint edges 15 include a method as shown in FIG. 17 whereby the area close to the joint edges 15 is bent beforehand using an appropriate method (FIG. 17A), then placing the negative electrode collector 4 B on the side 13 (FIG. 17B) or a method as shown in FIG. 18 whereby the negative electrode collector 4 B to be joined to the joint edges is pressed with an appropriate pressure, bent and adhered (FIGS. 18B and 18C), etc.
- columnar crystals be formed from the negative electrode metallic foil toward the negative electrode collector at the joint between the negative electrode metallic foil and the negative electrode collector.
- a welded metal grows (epitaxial growth) on crystal grains of the base material (unwelded part) in the same crystal orientation.
- the solid phase formed in this way grows toward the inside of the welded bead (welded part) as the heat source moves. This growth tends to continue in the direction with the maximum temperature gradient and the crystal grows almost extending in one such direction and the crystal grown in this way is called “columnar crystal”.
- the melted part of the negative electrode collector is recrystallized as it is cooled down and the heat of the melted part spreads rapidly through the negative electrode metallic foil. That is, the temperature of the melted metal corresponding to the part adhered to the negative electrode metallic foil decreases and the columnar crystals are formed more easily from the negative electrode metallic foil toward the negative electrode collector with the interface between the negative electrode metallic foil and melted metal as the core. Furthermore, in the present invention, the side near the joint edges of the negative electrode metallic foil has close contact with the negative electrode collector without any gaps, providing an optimal contact condition, and therefore the columnar crystals are easily formed with the cooling effect through the negative electrode metallic foil.
- the lithium secondary cell of the present invention in which columnar crystals are formed on the joint from the negative electrode metallic foil toward the negative electrode collector is a lithium secondary cell providing an optimal state of joint between the negative electrode metallic foil and the negative electrode collector, that is, excellent mechanical strength and reliability.
- the shape of the convex part provided on the predetermined part of the negative electrode metallic part used in the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is not limited to a particular one.
- FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show specific examples of the shape of the convex part.
- the shape of the convex part 7 of the negative electrode collector 4 B used in the lithium secondary cell of the present invention can be a trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG. 15 or a spire-like shape as shown in FIG. 16.
- the negative electrode collector 4 B is formed of the convex part 7 and other flat part 12 and the difference between the thickness (L 2 ) of the convex part 7 and the thickness (Ll) of the flat part 12 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.6 mm or more and most preferably 0.8 mm or more.
- the difference in thickness between the convex part 7 and flat part 12 is less than 0.1 mm, it is impossible to take advantage of the feature in the shape of the convex part 7 and it is not desirable because the contact between the convex part 7 and the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B becomes unstable.
- the upper limit of the difference in thickness between the convex part 7 and flat part 12 of the negative electrode collector 4 B is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the processing accuracy and strength, etc. of the negative electrode collector as appropriate, for example, 3 mm or less.
- the thickness (L 1 ) of the flat part be 0.2 mm or more, more preferably 0.3 mm or more and most preferably 0. 4 mm or more.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the flat part is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the strength and weight, etc. of the negative electrode collector as appropriate, for example, 2 mm or less because it is the part not directly related to the welded part.
- the thickness (L 2 ) of the convex part of the negative electrode collector 4 B be 0.4 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more and most preferably 0.6 mm or more. This strengthens the joint between the two.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the convex part is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the limit of irradiation power of the energy beam, etc. as appropriate.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of the negative electrode collector 4 B having the convex part 7 at the edge 6 .
- the energy beam 8 from the upper surface of the negative electrode collector 4 B, it is possible to join the negative electrode collector 4 B and joint edges 15 of the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B by welding.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of the negative electrode collector 31 B having the convex part 33 thicker than that of the negative electrode collector 4 B in FIG. 9. In this case, it is possible to irradiate an energy beam 34 from the upper surface of the negative electrode collector 31 B and join the negative electrode collector 31 B and the joint edges 15 of the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B by welding.
- FIG. 14 shows an example of a case where a convex part 52 is provided on a predetermined part which is not the edge of the negative electrode collector 51 B. In this case, it is possible to irradiate an energy beam 53 onto the back of the negative electrode collector 51 B provided with the convex part 52 to join the negative electrode collector 51 B and the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B.
- the metallic foil and collector are made of the same type of metal in the present invention, and therefore it is possible to join the metallic foil and the collector better and increase the mechanical strength of the current lead-out section.
- the thickness of the positive electrode metallic foil made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy be 15 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m and the thickness of the negative electrode metallic foil made of copper or a copper alloy be 7 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m and a copper foil having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m are used.
- the positive electrode collector and/or negative electrode collector used in the present invention be of a cross tabular type as shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6E, a Y-figured tabular type as shown in FIG. 6B and FIG. 6F or I-figured tabular type as shown in FIG. 6C and FIG. 6G or a circular type with partial notching as shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 6D and FIG. 6H.
- This makes it possible to check the joint easily, reduce the weight or allow the electrolyte to circulate in the whole body during replenishment of the electrolyte, etc.
- the energy beam 8 be irradiated onto the convex part 7 at an angle ⁇ (0° ⁇ 90°) with respect to the normal 3 A to the plane including the narrow end face 2 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A, more preferably irradiated at an angle ⁇ (5° ⁇ 0 ⁇ 80°) and particularly preferably irradiated at an angle ⁇ (10° ⁇ 60°), and most preferably irradiated at an angle ⁇ (15° ⁇ 45°) (FIG. 8). It is also preferable that the energy beam 8 be focused on or close to or around the surface of the convex part 7 of the positive electrode collector 4 A and it is preferable that the energy beam 8 not directly be irradiated onto the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A.
- the positive electrode collector 4 A be placed in such a way that the convex part 7 crosses the narrow end face 2 at quasi-right angles and the energy beam 8 be irradiated by scanning the line crossing the narrow end face 2 at quasi-right angles using an energy beam generator, that is, by scanning the convex part 7 of the positive electrode collector 4 A.
- the energy beam 8 be irradiated onto the convex part 7 at an angle ⁇ (0° ⁇ 90°) with respect to the normal 3 A to the plane including the narrow end face 2 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A, it is preferable that the energy beam 8 be irradiated onto the convex part 7 at quasi-right angles with respect to the line crossing the narrow end face 2 at quasi-right angles.
- joint edges in the present invention refers to a plurality of edges to be joined in one metallic foil or edges to be joined of the respective metallic foils at a plurality of Locations and the term “crossing the narrow end face at quasi-right angles” refers to crossing all the narrow end faces of a plurality of joint edges at quasi-right angles.
- the power density of the energy beam at the irradiation point be 3 kW/mm 2 or more, more preferably 4 kW/mm 2 or more and most preferably 5 kW/mm 2 or more. This is because in the case where the energy beam at the irradiation point is less than 3 kW/mm 2 , the joint condition is not good and the mechanical strength may be considered insufficient.
- the upper limit of the power density is not limited to a particular one, but can be determined from the standpoint of prevention of damage to the positive electrode collector or the positive electrode metallic foil connected thereto as appropriate, for example, 60 kW/mm 2 or less.
- power density of energy beam in the present invention refers to a value obtained by dividing the power of the energy beam (kW) by the spot area (mm 2 ) of an irradiation point irradiated with the energy beam in the predetermined part of the positive or negative electrode collector.
- FIG. 2 is a photographic replica diagram showing an example of a joint body joined using an aluminum foil of 20 ⁇ m for the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A, an aluminum material for the part (convex part) of 2 mm long to be melted by the energy beam in the positive electrode collector 4 A and by irradiating a YAG laser.
- FIG. 2 shows that the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A is welded in such a way that the entire edge is covered with the joint surface 9 of the positive electrode collector 4 A, and therefore it is understood that the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A is firmly joined to the positive electrode collector 4 A.
- neighboring positive electrode metallic foils 1 A are arranged with a gap 10 kept in between, but since the shape of the melted body of the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector 4 A is maintained on the edges of the positive electrode metallic foils 1 A by its surface tension, even if the gap 10 exists, the gap 10 is not immersed and the melted body and the part contacting the edges of the positive electrode metallic foils 1 A are joined.
- the gap 10 is not immersed and the melted body and the part contacting the edges of the positive electrode metallic foils 1 A are joined.
- the energy beam 8 be irradiated onto the convex part 7 at an angle ⁇ (0° ⁇ 30°) with respect to the normal 3 B to the plane including the side 13 near the joint edges 15 of the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B, more preferably irradiated at an angle ⁇ (0° ⁇ 10°) and most preferably irradiated at an angle ⁇ (0° ⁇ 5°) (FIG. 9). Furthermore, it is preferable that the energy beam 8 be focused onto the surface or around the convex part 7 of the negative electrode collector 4 B and it is preferable that the energy beam 8 not be directly irradiated onto the negative electrode metallic foil. 1 B.
- the negative electrode collector 4 B be placed in such a way that the convex part 7 crosses the side 13 at quasi-right angles and the energy beam 8 be irradiated by scanning the beam crossing the side 13 at quasi-right angles using an energy beam generator, that is, by scanning the convex part 7 of the negative electrode collector 4 B.
- an energy beam generator that is, by scanning the convex part 7 of the negative electrode collector 4 B.
- the energy beam 8 be irradiated onto the convex part 7 at quasi-right angles with respect to the line crossing the side 13 at quasi-right angles.
- this makes it possible to weld the melted body of the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B and the negative electrode collector 4 B without using the brazing filler to join the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B and the negative electrode collector 4 B. It is also possible to join at least one negative electrode metallic foil 1 B to the negative electrode collector 4 B by one-time irradiation. Furthermore, since only a predetermined part (convex part 7 ) of the negative electrode collector 4 B can be melted to weld/join the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B with the negative electrode collector 4 B without causing any damage to the negative electrode metallic foil 1 B, it is possible to increase the mechanical strength of the joint.
- crossing the side at quasi-right angles refers to crossing the all the sides near a plurality of joint edges at quasi-right angles.
- the lithium secondary cell of the present invention suppresses damage to the negative electrode metallic foil and has the special property that the joint has strong mechanical strength.
- the irradiation point of the energy beam of the negative electrode collector have a flat shape. This suppresses diffused reflection of energy beams and provides the special property of suppressing damage to the negative electrode metallic foil.
- the flat shape needs only to apply to at least a range wider than the irradiation point.
- the spot diameter of the irradiation point be 1 mm or less. This suppresses irradiation of energy beams onto unnecessary locations and provides the special property of having an optimal joint condition because damage to the negative electrode metallic foil is suppressed.
- the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is particularly suitable for the case where the neighboring metallic foils are arranged with a certain gap kept in between.
- the energy beam 8 shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 be generated by a laser or electron beam having a high energy density and a low heating value and it is also preferable that the energy beam 8 be continuous wave.
- This allows energy to be irradiated focused on the surface of the convex part 7 , making it possible to efficiently melt the convex part 7 and suppress damage to the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A or negative electrode metallic foil 1 B.
- a YAG laser is particularly preferable because it can be focused better and the energy density at the position of the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A or negative electrode metallic foil 1 B placed away from the focus is smaller, making it possible to suppress damage to the positive electrode metallic foil 1 A or negative electrode metallic foil 1 B better.
- the energy beam 8 in FIG. 8 be irradiated using an energy beam generator capable of continuous irradiation and that the energy beam 8 be irradiated using an energy beam generator capable of scanning the plane parallel to the plane including the narrow end face 2 .
- the scanning speed of the energy beam to be irradiated be 0.1 to 100 m/min, more preferably 1 to 30 m/min and most preferably 2 to 10 m/min.
- the convex part 7 be irradiated with the energy beam 8 by scanning it using the energy beam generator. Furthermore, with the present invention, it is preferable to provide a plurality of positive electrode collectors 4 A according to the number of arranged positive electrode metallic foils 1 A and arrange the plurality of positive electrode collectors 4 A one after another in such a way that their respective convex parts 7 cross the narrow end face 2 at quasi-right angles. This allows the plurality of positive electrode metallic foils 1 A to be joined through one-time irradiation.
- the energy beam 8 shown in FIG. 9 be irradiated using an energy beam generator capable of continuous irradiation and that the energy beam 8 be irradiated using the energy beam generator capable of scanning the plane parallel to the plane including the side 13 .
- the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector 4 B has the convex part 7 , it is preferable that the convex part 7 be irradiated with the energy beam 8 by scanning it using the energy beam generator.
- the positive electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention When the positive electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is formed, no joint support material such as brazing filler metal is needed, but of course such a material can be used.
- the joint supplement material to support the joint between the positive electrode collector and positive electrode metallic foil be applied to the positive electrode metallic foil and/or predetermined parts of the positive electrode collector or inserted between the positive electrode metallic foil and the predetermined parts of the positive electrode collector, the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector and joint material be irradiated with an energy beam, melted and the melted predetermined part of the positive electrode collector and joint material be welded to the joint edges of the positive metallic foil.
- the joint supplement material to support the joint between the negative electrode collector and negative electrode metallic foil be applied to the negative electrode metallic foil and/or predetermined parts of the negative electrode collector or inserted between the negative electrode metallic foil and the predetermined parts of the negative electrode collector, the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector and joint material be irradiated with an energy beam, melted and the melted predetermined part of the negative electrode collector and joint material be welded to the joint edges of the negative metallic foil.
- the present invention is ideally applicable to a wind type or laminate type inner electrode body, and more particularly, to those having a capacity of 2 Ah or more.
- the use of the cell is not limited to a particular field and is suitable for starting an engine as a large capacity vehicle-mounted battery intended to produce large output by connecting cells in series and requiring space-saving so as to mount multiple cells or for driving a motor of an electric car or hybrid electric car.
- a joint test is conducted using continuous wave YAG laser as an energy beam and by setting various joint conditions such as the shape of the joint (convex part) of the negative electrode collector, the way to make the negative electrode metallic foil contact the negative electrode collector, the output of the YAG laser, scanning speed, etc. and the section of the joint body obtained is observed using a microscope.
- the metal that constitutes the negative electrode metallic foil and negative electrode collector is copper (JIS C1100). The results are shown in FIG. 21 to FIG. 25.
- comparative example 2 shows that no columnar crystals are observed but the negative electrode metallic foil and negative electrode collector are joined partially. However, it has been discovered that its joint area is small and the joint is not in stable condition compared to the Embodiments.
- the present invention can provide a lithium secondary cell with excellent productivity and space-saving capability.
Abstract
The invention provides a lithium secondary cell including an inner electrode body impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, made up of a positive electrode and a negative electrode each made of at least one metallic foil wound or laminated together and collectors to lead out a current from this inner electrode body. The edges of the metallic foil of the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode and predetermined parts of the positive electrode collector and/or negative electrode collector are joined together to lead out a current from the inner electrode body. The edges of the metallic foil, the edges (joint edges) arranged to be joined to the predetermined parts of the positive electrode collector and/or the negative electrode collector and the predetermined parts of the positive electrode collector and/or the negative electrode collector are joined together. The lithium secondary cell has excellent productivity and space-saving capability.
Description
- The present invention relates to a lithium secondary cell (hereinafter simply referred to as “cell”), and more particularly, to a lithium secondary cell with excellent productivity and space-saving capability.
- The development of lithium secondary cells is underway as motor drive power supplies for electric cars and hybrid electric cars (hereinafter simply referred to as “electric car, etc.”) in response to a growing international demand for resource saving and energy saving to protect global environment.
- This lithium secondary cell contains an inner electrode body (hereinafter simply referred to as “electrode body”) made up of a positive electrode and a negative electrode wound or laminated together with a separator made of a porous polymer film inserted in between so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode do not directly contact each other.
- As shown in FIG. 20, a conventional wind type
inner electrode body 61 is manufactured with apositive electrode 62 andnegative electrode 63 wound with aseparator 64 inserted in between, each provided with at least onecollector tab 65 for the positive electrode and onecollector tab 66 for the negative electrode (hereinafter referred to as “collector tabs collector tabs electrode plates internal terminals Reference numeral 76 denotes an elastic body (packing); 77, an insulation polymer film; 78, a pressure reducing valve; 79, a metallic foil. - Metallic foils, etc. are used for the electrode plates, such as aluminum, etc. for the positive electrode and copper or nickel for the negative electrode as collector substrates, and each electrode plate is formed by applying an electrode active material and the collector tabs are placed on at least one side of these collector substrates.
- However, the collector tabs need to be attached to the electrode plates one by one, for example, by spot-welding, when the electrode body is wound, and the problem is that its process is complicated. Furthermore, at the edges on the opposite side connected to the electrode plates of the collector tabs, the plurality of collector tabs need to be bound and attached to the internal terminals by, for example, riveting, and therefore its process is also complicated and has a problem that it is not easy to connect the collector tabs while maintaining them at low resistance. Furthermore, there is another problem that connecting the electrode body and internal terminals using a plurality of collector tabs requires quite a large space accordingly.
- The present invention has been implemented in view of the above-described conventional problems and it is an object of the present invention to provide a lithium secondary cell with excellent productivity and space-saving capability by adopting a configuration that each electrode plate and collector are directly joined to the current lead-out part from the inner electrode body to lead out a current.
- That is, the present invention provides a lithium secondary cell comprising an inner electrode body impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, made up of a positive electrode and a negative electrode each made of at least one metallic foil wound or laminated together and a positive electrode collector and a negative electrode collector to lead out a current from this inner electrode body, characterized in that the edges of the above-described metallic foils constituting the above-described positive electrode and/or the above-described negative electrode and predetermined parts of the above-described positive electrode collector and negative electrode collector are joined together to lead out a current from the above-described inner electrode body, and of the edges of the above-described metallic foils, the arranged edges (joint edges) to be joined to the above-described predetermined parts of the above-described positive electrode collector and/or the above-described negative electrode collector and the above-described predetermined parts of the above-described positive electrode collector and/or the above-described negative electrode collector are joined together.
- At this time, the present invention can also be constructed in such a way as to further comprise an electrode cover including internal terminals, external terminals and a cell cover, characterized in that the above-described positive electrode collector and/or the above-described negative electrode collector are connected to the above-described internal terminals using electrode leads.
- Furthermore, the above-described collector can also serve as an electrode cover.
- The present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that the joint edges of the metallic foil constituting the positive electrode (positive electrode metallic foil) and a joint having a joint surface at the edge that extends from the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector toward the joint edges are joined with the narrow end face of the joint edges facing the joint surface. The present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that the positive electrode metallic foil and the positive electrode collector are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector is the edge of the positive electrode collector.
- Furthermore, the present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that the joint edges of the metallic foil constituting the negative electrode (negative electrode metallic foil) and a joint having a joint surface at the edge that extends from the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector toward the joint edges are joined with the side near the joint edges adhered to the joint surface. The present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that the negative electrode metallic foil and the negative electrode collector are made of copper or a copper alloy and the side and the joint surface are closely contacted by bending the part near the joint edges. The present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that columnar crystals are formed from the metallic foil toward the negative electrode collector at the joint between the metallic foil and the negative electrode collector. The predetermined part of the negative electrode collector is preferably the edge of the negative electrode collector.
- The joint between the joint edges of the positive electrode metallic foil and the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector (positive electrode joint) is preferably formed by irradiating a convex part protruding toward the joint edges formed on the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector with energy beams, melting the convex part of the positive electrode collector and welding the convex part of the positive electrode collector to the joint edges of the positive electrode metallic foil.
- Furthermore, the present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that the joint between the joint edges of the negative electrode metallic foil and the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector (negative electrode joint) is formed by irradiating a convex part protruding toward the joint edge formed on the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector with energy beams, melting the convex part of the negative electrode collector and welding the convex part of the negative electrode collector to the joint edges of the negative electrode metallic foil.
- The shape of the positive electrode collector and/or negative electrode collector is not limited to a particular shape, but it is preferably a cross-, Y- or I-figured tabular collector or a circular collector with partial notching.
- The positive electrode collector and/or negative electrode collector is preferably formed of the convex part and other flat part and the difference between the thickness (L2) of the convex part and the thickness (L1) of the flat part is 0.1 mm or more, the thickness of the flat part of the positive electrode collector is preferably 0.4 mm or more and the thickness of the convex part of the positive electrode collector is preferably 0.6 mm or more.
- The present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that when the positive electrode joint is formed, the energy beam is irradiated onto the predetermined part at an angle θ (0°<θ≦90°) with respect to the normal to the plane including the narrow end face of the positive electrode metallic foil and when the positive electrode joint is formed, the power density of the energy beam at the irradiation point is 3 kW/mm2 or more.
- In the present invention, the thickness of the flat part of the negative electrode collector is preferably 0.2 mm or more and the thickness of the convex part of the negative electrode collector is preferably 0.4 mm or more.
- The present invention is preferably constructed in such a way that when the negative electrode joint is formed, the energy beam is irradiated onto the predetermined part at an angle θ (0°<θ≦30°) with respect to the normal to the plane including the side of the negative electrode metallic foil and when the negative electrode joint is formed, the power density of the energy beam at the irradiation point is 6 kW/mm2 or more.
- When the negative electrode joint is formed, if the thickness of the convex part is L1 (mm) and the power density is E (kW/mm2), it is preferable that the following Expression (2) be satisfied, that the irradiation point of the energy beam at the negative electrode collector be plane, and that the spot diameter of the irradiation point be 1 mm or less.
- [Mathematical expression 2]
- L1≦E/7 (2)
- The positive electrode collector is preferably placed in such a way that the convex part crosses the narrow end face at quasi-right angles. The energy beam is preferably irradiated onto the convex part of the positive electrode collector at quasi-right angles with respect to the line crossing the narrow end face at quasi-right angles.
- The negative electrode collector is preferably placed in such a way that the convex part crosses the side of the negative electrode metallic foil at quasi-right angles. The energy beam is preferably irradiated onto the convex part of the negative electrode collector at quasi-right angles with respect to the line crossing the side of the negative electrode metallic foil at quasi-right angles.
- The energy beam is preferably not directly irradiated onto the metallic foil. Neighboring metallic foils are preferably placed with a certain gap kept in between. Furthermore, the energy beam is preferably constituted by a laser or electron beam. Furthermore, the energy beam is preferably a continuous wave. The laser is preferably a YAG laser. A joint material for supporting the joint between the positive electrode collector and the positive electrode metallic foil is preferably applied to the predetermined part of the positive electrode metallic foil and/or the positive electrode collector or inserted between the positive electrode metallic foil and the positive electrode collector, and formed by irradiating the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector and the joint material with an energy beam and thereby melting the two and welding the melted predetermined part of the positive electrode collector and the joint material to the joint edges of the positive electrode metallic foil.
- A joint material for supporting the joint between the negative electrode collector and the negative electrode metallic foil is preferably applied to the negative electrode metallic foil and/or the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector or inserted between the negative electrode metallic foil and the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector, and formed by irradiating the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector and the joint material with an energy beam and thereby melting the two and welding the melted predetermined part of the negative electrode collector and the joint material to the joint edges of the negative electrode metallic foil.
- The present invention is preferably applicable to a cell having a capacity of 2 Ah or more and used to start an engine or to drive a motor of an electric car or hybrid electric car.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a joint between a positive electrode metallic foil and positive electrode collector of a lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a replica diagram showing an example of a current lead-out part where the positive electrode metallic foil and positive electrode collector are joined.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a joint between a negative electrode metallic foil and negative electrode collector of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a replica diagram of a photo showing an example of a current lead-out part where a wind type electrode body and positive electrode collector of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention are joined.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing examples of the collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of an energy beam irradiation section of the positive electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of an energy beam irradiation section of the negative electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing another example of the energy beam irradiation section of the positive electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically showing a further example of the energy beam irradiation section of the positive electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing a still further example of the energy beam irradiation section of the positive electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view schematically showing another example of the energy beam irradiation section of the negative electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view schematically showing a further example of the energy beam irradiation section of the negative electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing an example of the shape of a convex part of the collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing another example of the shape of the convex part of the collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing an example of a method of bending the metallic foil.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic view illustrating another example of the method of bending the metallic foil.
- FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a conventional lithium secondary cell.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing an example of a wind type inner electrode body.
- FIG. 21 is a microphotograph showing a metal organization of a section of a joint body in
Embodiment 1. - FIG. 22 is a microphotograph showing a metal organization of a section of a joint body in
Embodiment 2. - FIG. 23 is a microphotograph showing a metal organization of a section of a joint body in Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 24 is a microphotograph showing a metal organization of a section of a joint body in comparative example 1.
- FIG. 25 is a microphotograph showing a metal organization of a section of a joint body in comparative example 2.
- With reference now to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be explained below.
- As shown in FIG. 4, the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is a Lithium
secondary cell 68 comprising an inner electrode body (wind type inner electrode body 61) impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, made up of a positive electrode and a negative electrode each made of at least one metallic foil wound or laminated, apositive electrode collector 4A andnegative electrode collector 4B to lead out a current from this inner electrode body, characterized in that the edges of at least one metallic foil constituting the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode and predetermined parts of thepositive electrode collector 4A and/ornegative electrode collector 4B are joined together to lead out a current from the inner electrode body, and of the edges of the metallic foils, the arranged edges (joint edges) 15 to be joined to the predetermined parts of thepositive electrode collector 4A and/or thenegative electrode collector 4B and the predetermined parts of thepositive electrode collector 4A and/or thenegative electrode collector 4B are joined together. - Furthermore, FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a joint between a positive electrode and positive electrode collector of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention and shows that the edges of at least one metallic foil (positive electrode metallic foil1A) making up the positive electrode and a predetermined part of the
positive electrode collector 4A are joined to lead out a current from the inner electrode body and further shows that the edges (joint edges) 15 arranged to be joined to the predetermined part of thepositive electrode collector 4A of the edges of the metallic foil and the predetermined part of thepositive electrode collector 4A are joined. - Furthermore, FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a joint between the negative electrode and negative electrode collector of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention and shows that the edges of at least one metallic foil (negative electrode
metallic foil 1B) making up the negative electrode and a predetermined part of thenegative electrode collector 4B are joined to lead out a current from the inner electrode body and further shows that the edges (joint edges) 15 arranged to be joined to the predetermined part of thenegative electrode collector 4B of the edges of the metallic foil and the predetermined part of thenegative electrode collector 4B are joined. - As shown in FIG. 4, in addition to the above-described configuration, the present invention can also have a configuration comprising an electrode cover provided with
internal terminals external terminals positive electrode collector 4A andnegative electrode collector 4B connected to theinternal terminals collectors internal terminals internal terminal 69A andpositive electrode collector 4A, it is preferable that aluminum or an aluminum alloy be used for the positive electrode leads, and if copper or a copper alloy is used for the negative electrodeinternal terminal 69B andnegative electrode collector 4B, it is preferable that copper or a copper alloy be used for the negative electrode leads. - The present invention can also be implemented by directly joining the
collectors internal terminals - Furthermore, the present invention can also be implemented by using the current lead-out part of the present invention for the positive electrode and negative electrode or either of the two.
- Furthermore, in the present invention, the
collector 54 can also serve as the electrode cover as shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 7 shows an example of a case of acylindrical cell case 73 with one end left open and constriction processing applied to the other end. However, as far as thecollector 54 also serves as the electrode cover, the shape of the cell is not limited to a particular one and both ends of thecell case 73 can either be subjected to constriction processing or left open. Furthermore, FIG. 7 shows an example of a case where apressure reducing hole 75 is provided on the positive electrode side, but apressure reducing hole 75 may also be provided on the negative electrode side. - As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7, adopting a configuration that the electrode plates and the
collectors - As shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable that the present invention be constructed in such a way that the
joint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A making up the positive electrode is joined to the joint 5 having a joint surface at the end, which extends from a predetermined part of thepositive electrode collector 4A toward thejoint edges 15, with thenarrow end face 2 facing the joint surface. Aluminum or an aluminum alloy is preferably used as the metal material making up the positive electrode metallic foil 1A and thepositive electrode collector 4A to be joined thereto from the standpoint that it displays an optimal characteristic as the component of the lithium secondary cell. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, the joint (positive electrode joint) between thejoint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A and the predetermined part of thepositive electrode collector 4A is preferably formed by irradiating aconvex part 7 protruding toward thejoint edges 15 formed on the predetermined part of thepositive electrode collector 4A with anenergy beam 8, melting theconvex part 7 of thepositive electrode collector 4A and thereby welding theconvex part 7 of thepositive electrode collector 4A to thejoint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A. Furthermore, it is preferable that the predetermined part of thepositive electrode collector 4A be anedge 6 of thepositive electrode collector 4A because this makes it easier to check the joint surface. - The following is an example of a method of forming the positive electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, this method consists of forming a joint body between the positive electrode metallic foil1A and the
positive electrode collector 4A by placing thepositive electrode collector 4A having theconvex part 7 protruding toward the predetermined part of the edges (joint edges) 15 arranged to be joined to thepositive electrode collector 4A of the edges of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A in such a way that theconvex part 7 has contact with or comes close to at least one of the narrow end faces 2, irradiating theconvex part 7 of thepositive electrode collector 4A with theenergy beam 8 and melting theconvex part 7 and welding the meltedconvex part 7 of thepositive electrode collector 4A to thejoint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A. - Furthermore, the shape of the
convex part 7 protruding toward thejoint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A on the predetermined part of thepositive electrode collector 4A is not limited to a particular one, but it is preferable that the shape of theconvex part 7 secure the contact between the convex surface of theconvex part 7 and thenarrow end face 2 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A so as to facilitate the welding of thejoint edge 15 of the positive electrode :metallic foil 1A and thepositive electrode collector 4A and a preferable example can include a case where the convex surface of theconvex part 7 and thenarrow end face 2 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A are formed in such a way as to have point contact with each other. - FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show specific examples of the shape of the convex part of the collector. The shape of the
convex part 7 of thepositive electrode collector 4A and thenegative electrode collector 4B (described later) can be either a trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG. 15 or a spire-like shape as shown in FIG. 16. - In FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, L1 denotes the thickness of the
flat part 12 and L2 denotes the thickness of theconvex part 7. - In the lithium secondary cell of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, it is preferable that the
positive electrode collector 4A be constructed of theconvex part 7 and otherflat part 12, the difference between the thickness (L2) of theconvex part 7 and the thickness (L1) of theflat part 12 be 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.6 mm or more and most preferably 0.8 mm or more. In the case where the difference in thickness between theconvex part 7 andflat part 12 is less than 0.1 mm, it is impossible to take advantage of the feature in the shape of theconvex part 7 and not desirable because the contact between theconvex part 7 and the positive electrode metallic foil 1A becomes unstable. The upper limit of the difference in thickness between theconvex part 7 andflat part 12 in the present invention is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the processing accuracy and strength, etc. of the positive electrode collector as appropriate, for example, 3 mm or less. - When the positive electrode collector is pressed against the positive electrode metallic foil to join the two together, it is preferable from the standpoint of preventing deformation or damage, etc. of the positive electrode collector that the thickness (L1) of the flat part of the
positive electrode collector 4A be 0.4 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more and most preferably 0.6 mm or more. The upper limit of the thickness of the flat part is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the strength and weight, etc. of the positive electrode collector as appropriate, for example, 2 mm or less because it is the part not directly related to the welded part. - Furthermore, it is preferable that the thickness (L2) of the convex part of the
positive electrode collector 4A be 0.6 mm or more, more preferably 0.7 mm or more and most preferably 0.8 mm or more. This strengthens the joint between the two. The upper limit of the thickness of the convex part is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the limit of irradiation power of the energy beam, etc. as appropriate. - The following shapes can be included in preferable examples of the shape of the energy beam irradiation section of the positive electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of the
positive electrode collector 4A having theconvex part 7 at theedge 6. In this case, by irradiating theenergy beam 8 from the upper surface of thepositive electrode collector 4A, it is possible to join thepositive electrode collector 4A andjoint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A by welding. - FIG. 10 shows an example of the
positive electrode collector 31A having theconvex part 33 thicker than that of thepositive electrode collector 4A in the FIG. 8. In this case, in addition to irradiating theenergy beam 34 from the upper surface of thepositive electrode collector 31A, it is also possible to irradiate anenergy beam 35 onto the side of theconvex part 33 to join thepositive electrode collector 31A and thejoint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A by welding. - FIG. 11 shows an example of a case where a tabular
positive electrode collector 41 is placed in such a way that its end face contacts thejoint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A. In this case, it is also possible to irradiate anenergy beam 42 from the side of thepositive electrode collector 41 to join thepositive electrode collector 41 and thejoint edges 15 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A by welding. Thus, as shown in FIG. 11, the lithium secondary cell of the present invention can also be manufactured by joining thepositive electrode collector 41 without the convex part and a plurality of positive electrode metallic foils 1A. - FIG. 12 shows an example of a case where a
convex part 52 is provided on a predetermined part except the edge of apositive electrode collector 51A. In this case, it is possible to irradiateal energy beam 53 onto the back of thepositive electrode collector 51A with aconvex part 52 to join thepositive electrode collector 51A and the positive electrode metallic foil 1A. - On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, in the present invention, it is preferable to join the
joint edges 15 of the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B that constitutes the negative electrode and the joint 5 having the joint surface at its end which extends from the predetermined part of thenegative electrode collector 4B toward thejoint edges 15 by closely contacting theside 13 near thejoint edges 15 with the joint surface, and it is preferable to use copper or a copper alloy as the metal material constituting the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B and thenegative electrode collector 4B to be joined thereto from the standpoint of making it display an optimal characteristic as the component of the lithium secondary cell. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, it is also preferable that the joint (negative joint) between thejoint edges 15 of the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B and the predetermined part of thenegative electrode collector 4B be formed by irradiating theenergy beam 8 onto theconvex part 7 protruding toward thejoint edges 15 formed on the predetermined part of thenegative electrode collector 4B, thereby melting theconvex part 7 of thenegative electrode collector 4B and welding theconvex part 7 of thenegative electrode collector 4B and thejoint edges 15 of the negative electrodemetallic foil 1. Furthermore, it is also preferable that the predetermined part of thenegative electrode collector 4B be theedge 6 of thenegative electrode collector 4B from the standpoint of the ease of checking of the joint surface. - Examples of the method of joining the negative electrode metallic foil and the negative electrode collector of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention include the following methods. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, it is possible to join the negative electrode
metallic foil 1B and thenegative electrode collector 4B by placing thenegative electrode collector 4B provided on the predetermined part of theconvex part 7 protruding toward the edges (joint edges) 15 arranged to be joined to thenegative electrode collector 4B of the edges of the negative electrodemetallic foil 4B in such a way that theconvex part 7 closely contacts theside 13 near at least one of thejoint edges 15, irradiating theenergy beam 8 onto theconvex part 7 of thenegative electrode collector 4B, melting theconvex part 7, welding the meltedconvex part 7 of thenegative electrode collector 4B to thejoint edges 15 of the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B. - At this time, it is possible to adhere the
side 13 to theconvex part 7 which is the joint surface by bending the area close to the joint edges 15. The methods of closely contacting theside 13 with theconvex part 7 by bending the area close to thejoint edges 15 include a method as shown in FIG. 17 whereby the area close to thejoint edges 15 is bent beforehand using an appropriate method (FIG. 17A), then placing thenegative electrode collector 4B on the side 13 (FIG. 17B) or a method as shown in FIG. 18 whereby thenegative electrode collector 4B to be joined to the joint edges is pressed with an appropriate pressure, bent and adhered (FIGS. 18B and 18C), etc. - In the lithium secondary cell of the present invention, it is preferable that columnar crystals be formed from the negative electrode metallic foil toward the negative electrode collector at the joint between the negative electrode metallic foil and the negative electrode collector. Generally, a welded metal grows (epitaxial growth) on crystal grains of the base material (unwelded part) in the same crystal orientation. The solid phase formed in this way grows toward the inside of the welded bead (welded part) as the heat source moves. This growth tends to continue in the direction with the maximum temperature gradient and the crystal grows almost extending in one such direction and the crystal grown in this way is called “columnar crystal”.
- The melted part of the negative electrode collector is recrystallized as it is cooled down and the heat of the melted part spreads rapidly through the negative electrode metallic foil. That is, the temperature of the melted metal corresponding to the part adhered to the negative electrode metallic foil decreases and the columnar crystals are formed more easily from the negative electrode metallic foil toward the negative electrode collector with the interface between the negative electrode metallic foil and melted metal as the core. Furthermore, in the present invention, the side near the joint edges of the negative electrode metallic foil has close contact with the negative electrode collector without any gaps, providing an optimal contact condition, and therefore the columnar crystals are easily formed with the cooling effect through the negative electrode metallic foil. The lithium secondary cell of the present invention in which columnar crystals are formed on the joint from the negative electrode metallic foil toward the negative electrode collector is a lithium secondary cell providing an optimal state of joint between the negative electrode metallic foil and the negative electrode collector, that is, excellent mechanical strength and reliability.
- The shape of the convex part provided on the predetermined part of the negative electrode metallic part used in the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is not limited to a particular one.
- Here, FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show specific examples of the shape of the convex part. The shape of the
convex part 7 of thenegative electrode collector 4B used in the lithium secondary cell of the present invention can be a trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG. 15 or a spire-like shape as shown in FIG. 16. - In the lithium secondary cell of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the
negative electrode collector 4B is formed of theconvex part 7 and otherflat part 12 and the difference between the thickness (L2) of theconvex part 7 and the thickness (Ll) of theflat part 12 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.6 mm or more and most preferably 0.8 mm or more. In the case where the difference in thickness between theconvex part 7 andflat part 12 is less than 0.1 mm, it is impossible to take advantage of the feature in the shape of theconvex part 7 and it is not desirable because the contact between theconvex part 7 and the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B becomes unstable. Furthermore, the upper limit of the difference in thickness between theconvex part 7 andflat part 12 of thenegative electrode collector 4B is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the processing accuracy and strength, etc. of the negative electrode collector as appropriate, for example, 3 mm or less. - When the negative electrode collector is pressed against the negative electrode metallic foil to join the two, it is preferable from the standpoint of preventing deformation or damage, etc. of the negative electrode collector that the thickness (L1) of the flat part be 0.2 mm or more, more preferably 0.3 mm or more and most preferably 0. 4 mm or more. The upper limit of the thickness of the flat part is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the strength and weight, etc. of the negative electrode collector as appropriate, for example, 2 mm or less because it is the part not directly related to the welded part.
- Furthermore, it is preferable that the thickness (L2) of the convex part of the
negative electrode collector 4B be 0.4 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more and most preferably 0.6 mm or more. This strengthens the joint between the two. The upper limit of the thickness of the convex part is not limited to a particular one, but can be set according to the limit of irradiation power of the energy beam, etc. as appropriate. - The following are preferable examples of the shape of the energy beam irradiation section of the negative electrode collector used for the lithium secondary cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of the
negative electrode collector 4B having theconvex part 7 at theedge 6. In this case, by irradiating theenergy beam 8 from the upper surface of thenegative electrode collector 4B, it is possible to join thenegative electrode collector 4B andjoint edges 15 of the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B by welding. - FIG. 13 shows an example of the
negative electrode collector 31B having theconvex part 33 thicker than that of thenegative electrode collector 4B in FIG. 9. In this case, it is possible to irradiate anenergy beam 34 from the upper surface of thenegative electrode collector 31B and join thenegative electrode collector 31B and thejoint edges 15 of the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B by welding. - FIG. 14 shows an example of a case where a
convex part 52 is provided on a predetermined part which is not the edge of thenegative electrode collector 51B. In this case, it is possible to irradiate anenergy beam 53 onto the back of thenegative electrode collector 51B provided with theconvex part 52 to join thenegative electrode collector 51B and the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B. - When aluminum or an aluminum alloy is used for the positive electrode collector and positive electrode metallic foil and copper or a copper alloy is used for the negative electrode collector and negative electrode metallic foil, the metallic foil and collector are made of the same type of metal in the present invention, and therefore it is possible to join the metallic foil and the collector better and increase the mechanical strength of the current lead-out section. In this case, it is preferable that the thickness of the positive electrode metallic foil made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy be 15 μm to 25 μm and the thickness of the negative electrode metallic foil made of copper or a copper alloy be 7 μm to 15 μm. In the case of the cells shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 7, an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 μm and a copper foil having a thickness of 10 μm are used.
- It is preferable that the positive electrode collector and/or negative electrode collector used in the present invention be of a cross tabular type as shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6E, a Y-figured tabular type as shown in FIG. 6B and FIG. 6F or I-figured tabular type as shown in FIG. 6C and FIG. 6G or a circular type with partial notching as shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 6D and FIG. 6H. This makes it possible to check the joint easily, reduce the weight or allow the electrolyte to circulate in the whole body during replenishment of the electrolyte, etc.
- When the positive electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is formed, it is preferable that the
energy beam 8 be irradiated onto theconvex part 7 at an angle θ (0°<θ≦90°) with respect to the normal 3A to the plane including thenarrow end face 2 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A, more preferably irradiated at an angle θ (5°≦0≦80°) and particularly preferably irradiated at an angle θ (10°≦θ≦60°), and most preferably irradiated at an angle θ (15°≦θ≦45°) (FIG. 8). It is also preferable that theenergy beam 8 be focused on or close to or around the surface of theconvex part 7 of thepositive electrode collector 4A and it is preferable that theenergy beam 8 not directly be irradiated onto the positive electrode metallic foil 1A. - Furthermore, it is preferable that the
positive electrode collector 4A be placed in such a way that theconvex part 7 crosses thenarrow end face 2 at quasi-right angles and theenergy beam 8 be irradiated by scanning the line crossing thenarrow end face 2 at quasi-right angles using an energy beam generator, that is, by scanning theconvex part 7 of thepositive electrode collector 4A. At this time, in addition to the above-describedenergy beam 8 being irradiated onto theconvex part 7 at an angle θ (0°<θ≦90°) with respect to the normal 3A to the plane including thenarrow end face 2 of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A, it is preferable that theenergy beam 8 be irradiated onto theconvex part 7 at quasi-right angles with respect to the line crossing thenarrow end face 2 at quasi-right angles. - As shown in FIG. 1, this makes it possible to weld the melted body of the positive electrode metallic foil1A and the
positive electrode collector 4A without using brazing filler to join the positive electrode metallic foil 1A and thepositive electrode collector 4A. It is also possible to join at least one positive electrodemetallic foil 1 with thepositive electrode collector 4A by one-time irradiation. Furthermore, since only a predetermined part (convex part 7) of thepositive electrode collector 4A can be melted to weld/join the positive electrode metallic foil 1A to thepositive electrode collector 4A without causing any damage to the positive electrode metallic foil 1A, it is possible to increase the mechanical strength of the joint. - By the way, the term “joint edges” in the present invention refers to a plurality of edges to be joined in one metallic foil or edges to be joined of the respective metallic foils at a plurality of Locations and the term “crossing the narrow end face at quasi-right angles” refers to crossing all the narrow end faces of a plurality of joint edges at quasi-right angles.
- When the positive electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is formed, it is preferable that the power density of the energy beam at the irradiation point be 3 kW/mm2 or more, more preferably 4 kW/mm2 or more and most preferably 5 kW/mm2 or more. This is because in the case where the energy beam at the irradiation point is less than 3 kW/mm2, the joint condition is not good and the mechanical strength may be considered insufficient. The upper limit of the power density is not limited to a particular one, but can be determined from the standpoint of prevention of damage to the positive electrode collector or the positive electrode metallic foil connected thereto as appropriate, for example, 60 kW/mm2 or less. The term “power density” of energy beam in the present invention refers to a value obtained by dividing the power of the energy beam (kW) by the spot area (mm2) of an irradiation point irradiated with the energy beam in the predetermined part of the positive or negative electrode collector.
- FIG. 2 is a photographic replica diagram showing an example of a joint body joined using an aluminum foil of 20 μm for the positive electrode metallic foil1A, an aluminum material for the part (convex part) of 2 mm long to be melted by the energy beam in the
positive electrode collector 4A and by irradiating a YAG laser. - The example in FIG. 2 shows that the positive electrode metallic foil1A is welded in such a way that the entire edge is covered with the
joint surface 9 of thepositive electrode collector 4A, and therefore it is understood that the positive electrode metallic foil 1A is firmly joined to thepositive electrode collector 4A. - In this example, neighboring positive electrode metallic foils1A are arranged with a
gap 10 kept in between, but since the shape of the melted body of the predetermined part of thepositive electrode collector 4A is maintained on the edges of the positive electrode metallic foils 1A by its surface tension, even if thegap 10 exists, thegap 10 is not immersed and the melted body and the part contacting the edges of the positive electrode metallic foils 1A are joined. By the way, even if some of the plurality of positive electrode metallic foils 1A are arranged contacting one another or all of them are arranged so as to closely contact one another, it is possible to join these foils. - When the negative electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is formed, it is preferable that the
energy beam 8 be irradiated onto theconvex part 7 at an angle θ (0°≦θ<30°) with respect to the normal 3B to the plane including theside 13 near thejoint edges 15 of the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B, more preferably irradiated at an angle θ (0°≦θ≦10°) and most preferably irradiated at an angle θ (0°≦θ≦5°) (FIG. 9). Furthermore, it is preferable that theenergy beam 8 be focused onto the surface or around theconvex part 7 of thenegative electrode collector 4B and it is preferable that theenergy beam 8 not be directly irradiated onto the negative electrode metallic foil. 1B. - Furthermore, it is preferable that the
negative electrode collector 4B be placed in such a way that theconvex part 7 crosses theside 13 at quasi-right angles and theenergy beam 8 be irradiated by scanning the beam crossing theside 13 at quasi-right angles using an energy beam generator, that is, by scanning theconvex part 7 of thenegative electrode collector 4B. At this time, in addition to theenergy beam 8 being irradiated onto theconvex part 7 at an angle θ (0°≦θ<30°) with respect to the normal 3B to the plane including theside 13 of the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B, it is preferable that theenergy beam 8 be irradiated onto theconvex part 7 at quasi-right angles with respect to the line crossing theside 13 at quasi-right angles. - As shown in FIG. 3, this makes it possible to weld the melted body of the negative electrode
metallic foil 1B and thenegative electrode collector 4B without using the brazing filler to join the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B and thenegative electrode collector 4B. It is also possible to join at least one negative electrodemetallic foil 1B to thenegative electrode collector 4B by one-time irradiation. Furthermore, since only a predetermined part (convex part 7) of thenegative electrode collector 4B can be melted to weld/join the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B with thenegative electrode collector 4B without causing any damage to the negative electrodemetallic foil 1B, it is possible to increase the mechanical strength of the joint. - By the way, the term “crossing the side at quasi-right angles” refers to crossing the all the sides near a plurality of joint edges at quasi-right angles.
- Furthermore, when the negative electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is formed, it is preferable that the following Expression (7) be satisfied when the thickness of the convex part of the negative electrode collector is L2 (mm) and the power density of the energy beam at the irradiation point is E (kW/=m2). By irradiating the energy beam under conditions that satisfy the following Expression (3), the lithium secondary cell of the present invention suppresses damage to the negative electrode metallic foil and has the special property that the joint has strong mechanical strength.
- [Mathematical Expression 3]
- L2≦E/7 (3)
- From the standpoint of suppressing damage to the negative electrode metallic foil and having the special property that the joint has strong mechanical strength, it is preferable that the following Expressions (4) and (5) be satisfied.
- [Mathematical Expression 4]
- L2≦E/9 (4)
- [Mathematical Expression 5]
- L2≦E/10 (5)
- With the lithium secondary cell of the present invention, it is preferable that the irradiation point of the energy beam of the negative electrode collector have a flat shape. This suppresses diffused reflection of energy beams and provides the special property of suppressing damage to the negative electrode metallic foil. By the way, from the standpoint of suppressing diffused reflection of energy beams, the flat shape needs only to apply to at least a range wider than the irradiation point.
- Furthermore, with the lithium secondary cell of the present invention, it is preferable that the spot diameter of the irradiation point be 1 mm or less. This suppresses irradiation of energy beams onto unnecessary locations and provides the special property of having an optimal joint condition because damage to the negative electrode metallic foil is suppressed. The lithium secondary cell of the present invention is particularly suitable for the case where the neighboring metallic foils are arranged with a certain gap kept in between.
- Furthermore, with the present invention, it is preferable that the
energy beam 8 shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 be generated by a laser or electron beam having a high energy density and a low heating value and it is also preferable that theenergy beam 8 be continuous wave. This allows energy to be irradiated focused on the surface of theconvex part 7, making it possible to efficiently melt theconvex part 7 and suppress damage to the positive electrode metallic foil 1A or negative electrodemetallic foil 1B. Of lasers, a YAG laser is particularly preferable because it can be focused better and the energy density at the position of the positive electrode metallic foil 1A or negative electrodemetallic foil 1B placed away from the focus is smaller, making it possible to suppress damage to the positive electrode metallic foil 1A or negative electrodemetallic foil 1B better. - Furthermore, when the positive electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is formed, it is preferable that the
energy beam 8 in FIG. 8 be irradiated using an energy beam generator capable of continuous irradiation and that theenergy beam 8 be irradiated using an energy beam generator capable of scanning the plane parallel to the plane including thenarrow end face 2. Furthermore, it is preferable that the scanning speed of the energy beam to be irradiated be 0.1 to 100 m/min, more preferably 1 to 30 m/min and most preferably 2 to 10 m/min. Furthermore, when the predetermined part of thepositive electrode collector 4A has theconvex part 7, it is preferable that theconvex part 7 be irradiated with theenergy beam 8 by scanning it using the energy beam generator. Furthermore, with the present invention, it is preferable to provide a plurality ofpositive electrode collectors 4A according to the number of arranged positive electrode metallic foils 1A and arrange the plurality ofpositive electrode collectors 4A one after another in such a way that their respectiveconvex parts 7 cross thenarrow end face 2 at quasi-right angles. This allows the plurality of positive electrode metallic foils 1A to be joined through one-time irradiation. - On the other hand, when the negative electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is formed, it is preferable that the
energy beam 8 shown in FIG. 9 be irradiated using an energy beam generator capable of continuous irradiation and that theenergy beam 8 be irradiated using the energy beam generator capable of scanning the plane parallel to the plane including theside 13. Furthermore, when the predetermined part of thenegative electrode collector 4B has theconvex part 7, it is preferable that theconvex part 7 be irradiated with theenergy beam 8 by scanning it using the energy beam generator. Furthermore, with the present invention, it is preferable to provide a plurality ofnegative electrode collectors 4B according to the number of arranged negative electrodemetallic foils 1B and arrange the plurality ofnegative electrode collectors 4B one after another in such a way that their respectiveconvex parts 7 cross theside 13 at quasi-right angles. This allows the plurality of negative electrodemetallic foils 1B to be joined through one-time irradiation. - When the positive electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is formed, no joint support material such as brazing filler metal is needed, but of course such a material can be used. In such a case, it is preferable that the joint supplement material to support the joint between the positive electrode collector and positive electrode metallic foil be applied to the positive electrode metallic foil and/or predetermined parts of the positive electrode collector or inserted between the positive electrode metallic foil and the predetermined parts of the positive electrode collector, the predetermined part of the positive electrode collector and joint material be irradiated with an energy beam, melted and the melted predetermined part of the positive electrode collector and joint material be welded to the joint edges of the positive metallic foil.
- Furthermore, when the negative electrode joint of the lithium secondary cell of the present invention is formed, no joint support material such as brazing filler metal is needed, but of course such a material can be used. In such a case, it is preferable that the joint supplement material to support the joint between the negative electrode collector and negative electrode metallic foil be applied to the negative electrode metallic foil and/or predetermined parts of the negative electrode collector or inserted between the negative electrode metallic foil and the predetermined parts of the negative electrode collector, the predetermined part of the negative electrode collector and joint material be irradiated with an energy beam, melted and the melted predetermined part of the negative electrode collector and joint material be welded to the joint edges of the negative metallic foil.
- More specifically, the present invention is ideally applicable to a wind type or laminate type inner electrode body, and more particularly, to those having a capacity of 2 Ah or more. The use of the cell is not limited to a particular field and is suitable for starting an engine as a large capacity vehicle-mounted battery intended to produce large output by connecting cells in series and requiring space-saving so as to mount multiple cells or for driving a motor of an electric car or hybrid electric car.
- Embodiments of the present invention will be explained more specifically below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
- (
Embodiments 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1, 2) - A joint test is conducted using continuous wave YAG laser as an energy beam and by setting various joint conditions such as the shape of the joint (convex part) of the negative electrode collector, the way to make the negative electrode metallic foil contact the negative electrode collector, the output of the YAG laser, scanning speed, etc. and the section of the joint body obtained is observed using a microscope. By the way, the metal that constitutes the negative electrode metallic foil and negative electrode collector is copper (JIS C1100). The results are shown in FIG. 21 to FIG. 25.
- (Consideration)
- When the negative electrode collector and negative electrode metallic foil are joined in good condition, it is possible to observe columnar crystals formed from the negative electrode metallic foil toward the negative electrode collector (
Embodiments 1 to 3). - On the other hand, it is not possible to observe any columnar crystals at locations where the negative electrode collector and negative electrode metallic foil are not joined as shown in comparative example 1, and equiaxed crystals can be observed instead.
- On the hand, comparative example 2 shows that no columnar crystals are observed but the negative electrode metallic foil and negative electrode collector are joined partially. However, it has been discovered that its joint area is small and the joint is not in stable condition compared to the Embodiments.
- As shown above, it has been confirmed that good joint condition can be obtained under conditions under which columnar crystals are formed from the negative electrode metallic foil toward the negative electrode collector at the joint between the negative electrode metallic foil and the negative electrode collector.
- As described above by adopting a configuration that electrode plates and collectors are directly joined to lead out a current for the part that leads out a current from the inner electrode body, the present invention can provide a lithium secondary cell with excellent productivity and space-saving capability.
Claims (41)
1. A lithium secondary cell comprising:
an inner electrode body impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, made up of a positive electrode and a negative electrode each made of at least one metallic foil wound or laminated together; and
a positive electrode collector and a negative electrode collector to lead out a current from the inner electrode body,
wherein the edges of said metallic foils of said positive electrode and/or said negative electrode and predetermined parts of said positive electrode collector and/or said negative electrode collector are joined together to lead out a current from said inner electrode body, and
of the edges of said metallic foils, the arranged edges (joint edges) to be joined to said predetermined parts of said positive electrode collector and/or said negative electrode collector and said predetermined parts of said positive electrode collector and/or said negative electrode collector are joined together.
2. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , further comprising an electrode cover including internal terminals, external terminals and a cell cover, wherein said positive electrode collector and/or said negative electrode collector are connected to said internal terminals using electrode leads.
3. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , wherein said positive electrode collector and/or said negative electrode collector also serve as an electrode cover.
4. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , wherein said joint edges of said metallic foil constituting said positive electrode (positive electrode metallic foil) and a joint having a joint surface at the edge that extends from said predetermined part of said positive electrode collector to said joint edges are joined with the narrow end face of said joint edges facing said joint surface.
5. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 4 , wherein said positive electrode metallic foil and said positive electrode collector are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
6. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , wherein said predetermined part of said positive electrode collector is the edge of said positive electrode collector.
7. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , wherein said joint edges of said metallic foil constituting said negative electrode (negative electrode metallic foil) and a joint having a joint surface at the edge that extends from said predetermined part of said negative electrode collector to said joint edges are joined with the side near said joint edges adhered to said joint surface.
8. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 7 , wherein said negative electrode metallic foil and said negative electrode collector are made of copper or a copper alloy.
9. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 7 , wherein said side is adhered to said joint surface by bending the part near said joint edges.
10. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 7 , wherein columnar crystals are formed from said metallic foil toward said negative electrode collector at the joint between said negative electrode metallic foil and said negative electrode collector.
11. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , wherein said predetermined part of said negative electrode collector is the edge of said negative electrode collector.
12. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 4 , wherein the joint between said joint edges of said positive electrode metallic foil and said predetermined part of said positive electrode collector (positive electrode joint) is formed by irradiating a convex part protruding toward said joint edges formed on said predetermined part of said positive electrode collector with energy beams, melting said convex part of said positive electrode collector and welding said convex part of said positive electrode collector with said joint edges of said positive electrode metallic foil.
13. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 7 , wherein the joint between said joint edges of said negative electrode metallic foil and said predetermined part of said negative electrode collector (negative electrode joint) is formed by irradiating a convex part protruding toward said joint edges formed on said predetermined part of said negative electrode collector with energy beams, melting said convex part of said negative electrode collector and welding said convex part of said negative electrode collector with said joint edges of said negative electrode metallic foil.
14. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , wherein said positive electrode collector and/or said negative electrode collector is a cross-, Y- or I-figured tabular collector or a circular collector with partial notching.
15. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , wherein said positive electrode collector and/or said negative electrode collector is formed of said convex part and other flat part and the difference between the thickness (L2) of said convex part and the thickness (L1) of said flat part is 0.1 mm or more.
16. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 15 , wherein the thickness (L1) of said flat part of said positive electrode collector is 0.4 mm or more.
17. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 12 , wherein the thickness (L2) of said convex part of said positive electrode collector is 0.6 mm or more.
18. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 12 , wherein when said positive electrode joint is formed, said energy beam is irradiated onto said predetermined part at an angle θ (0°<θ<90°) with respect to the normal to the plane including said narrow end face of said positive electrode metallic foil.
19. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 12 , wherein when said positive electrode joint is formed, the power density of said energy beam at the irradiation point is 3 kW/mm2 or more.
20. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 15 , wherein the thickness (L1) of said flat part of said negative electrode collector is 0.2 mm or more.
21. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 13 , wherein the thickness (L2) of said convex part of said negative electrode collector is 0.4 mm or more.
22. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 13 , wherein when said negative electrode joint is formed, said energy beam is irradiated onto said predetermined part at an angle θ (0°≦θ<30°) with respect to the normal to the plane including said side of said negative electrode metallic foil.
23. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 13 , wherein when said negative electrode joint is formed, the power density of said energy beam at the irradiation point is 6 kW/mm2 or more.
24. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 15 , wherein when said negative electrode joint is formed, if the thickness of said convex part is L2 (mm) and said power density is E (kW/mm2), the following Expression (1) is satisfied.
[Mathematical Expression 1]
L2≦E/7 (1)
25. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 13 , wherein irradiation point of said energy beam of said negative electrode collector has a flat shape.
26. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 25 , wherein the spot diameter of said irradiation point is 1 mm or less.
27. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 12 , wherein said positive electrode collector is placed in such a way that said convex part crosses said narrow end face of said positive electrode metallic foil at quasi-right angles.
28. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 12 , wherein said energy beam is irradiated onto said convex part of said positive electrode collector at quasi-right angles with respect to the line crossing said narrow end face of said positive electrode metallic foil at quasi-right angles.
29. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 13 , wherein said negative electrode collector is placed in such a way that said convex part crosses said side of said negative electrode metallic foil at quasi-right angles.
30. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 13 , wherein said energy beam is irradiated onto said convex part of said negative electrode collector at quasi-right angles with respect to the line crossing said side of said negative electrode metallic foil at quasi-right angles.
31. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 12 , wherein said energy beam is not directly irradiated onto said metallic foil.
32. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , wherein neighboring metallic foils are placed with a certain gap kept in between.
33. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 12 , wherein said energy beam is a laser or electron beam.
34. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 33 , wherein said energy beam is a continuous wave.
35. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 33 , wherein said laser is a YAG laser.
36. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 12 , wherein a joint material for supporting the joint between said positive electrode collector and said positive electrode metallic foil is applied to said positive electrode metallic foil and/or said predetermined part of said positive electrode collector or inserted between said positive electrode metallic foil and said predetermined part of said positive electrode collector and formed by irradiating said predetermined part of said positive electrode collector and said joint material with an energy beam and thereby melting the two and welding said melted predetermined part of said positive electrode collector and said joint material to said joint edges of said positive electrode metallic foil.
37. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 13 , wherein a joint material for supporting the joint between said negative electrode collector and said negative electrode metallic foil is applied to said negative electrode metallic foil and/or said predetermined part of said negative electrode collector or inserted between said negative electrode metallic foil and said predetermined part of said negative electrode collector and formed by irradiating said predetermined part of said negative electrode collector and said joint material with an energy beam and thereby melting the two and welding said melted predetermined part of said negative electrode collector and said joint material to said joint edges of said negative electrode metallic foil.
38. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , which has a capacity of 2 Ah or more.
39. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 1 , which is to be mounted on a vehicle.
40. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 39 , which is used for an electric car or hybrid electric car.
41. The lithium secondary cell according to claim 39 , which is to be used to start an engine.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/139,236 US7214250B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2005-05-27 | Lithium secondary cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2001-135425 | 2001-05-02 | ||
JP2001135425 | 2001-05-02 | ||
JP2001-398620 | 2001-12-27 | ||
JP2001398620A JP4060590B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2001-12-27 | Method for manufacturing lithium secondary battery |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/139,236 Continuation US7214250B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2005-05-27 | Lithium secondary cell |
Publications (1)
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US20020164524A1 true US20020164524A1 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
Family
ID=26614663
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10/083,323 Abandoned US20020164524A1 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-02-26 | Lithium secondary cell |
US11/139,236 Expired - Lifetime US7214250B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2005-05-27 | Lithium secondary cell |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/139,236 Expired - Lifetime US7214250B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2005-05-27 | Lithium secondary cell |
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US (2) | US20020164524A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1255310B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4060590B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE367656T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2374313A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60221181T2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
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US20050246887A1 (en) * | 2001-05-02 | 2005-11-10 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Lithium secondary cell |
US20090280406A1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2009-11-12 | Kiyomi Kozuki | Secondary battery |
US20100226068A1 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2010-09-09 | Toshiyuki Kitagawa | Electric double layer capacitor and method for manufacturing same |
US20110052969A1 (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-03-03 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Cell tab joining for battery modules |
US20160064720A1 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Secondary-battery collector terminal and manufacturing method of secondary battery |
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US20090081532A1 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | David Aaron Kaplin | Electrochemical cell with improved internal contact |
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- 2002-03-05 AT AT02004936T patent/ATE367656T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-03-05 EP EP02004936A patent/EP1255310B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-05 DE DE60221181T patent/DE60221181T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US20050246887A1 (en) * | 2001-05-02 | 2005-11-10 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Lithium secondary cell |
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US20100226068A1 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2010-09-09 | Toshiyuki Kitagawa | Electric double layer capacitor and method for manufacturing same |
US8310809B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2012-11-13 | Panasonic Corporation | Electric double layer capacitor and method for manufacturing same |
US20090280406A1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2009-11-12 | Kiyomi Kozuki | Secondary battery |
US20110052969A1 (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-03-03 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Cell tab joining for battery modules |
US20160064720A1 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Secondary-battery collector terminal and manufacturing method of secondary battery |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60221181T2 (en) | 2008-04-10 |
JP4060590B2 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
CA2374313A1 (en) | 2002-11-02 |
ATE367656T1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
EP1255310A2 (en) | 2002-11-06 |
US7214250B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 |
EP1255310B1 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
US20050246887A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
JP2003022842A (en) | 2003-01-24 |
DE60221181D1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
EP1255310A3 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
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