US20020104589A1 - Process and apparatus for high pressure gas quenching in an atmospheric furnace - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for high pressure gas quenching in an atmospheric furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020104589A1
US20020104589A1 US09/727,473 US72747300A US2002104589A1 US 20020104589 A1 US20020104589 A1 US 20020104589A1 US 72747300 A US72747300 A US 72747300A US 2002104589 A1 US2002104589 A1 US 2002104589A1
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Prior art keywords
gas
quenching
chamber
treating
furnace
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Abandoned
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US09/727,473
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English (en)
Inventor
Jaak Van den Sype
Scot Jaynes
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Praxair Technology Inc
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Praxair Technology Inc
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Priority to US09/727,473 priority Critical patent/US20020104589A1/en
Assigned to PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY, INC. reassignment PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JAYNES, SCOT ERIC, VAN DEN SYPE, JAAK
Priority to CN01142575A priority patent/CN1366083A/zh
Priority to MXPA01012438A priority patent/MXPA01012438A/es
Priority to BR0105894A priority patent/BR0105894A/pt
Priority to CA 2364356 priority patent/CA2364356A1/fr
Priority to EP20010128749 priority patent/EP1211329A3/fr
Publication of US20020104589A1 publication Critical patent/US20020104589A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2241/00—Treatments in a special environment
    • C21D2241/01—Treatments in a special environment under pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a process and apparatus for recycling and purifying a quenching gas, such as helium gas, in the presence of a treating gas, such as carburizing gas, for use with an atmospheric furnace for treating components.
  • a quenching gas such as helium gas
  • a treating gas such as carburizing gas
  • the hardening or treating of components generally requires a heat treatment followed by a rapidly quenching treatment using a fluid such as oil.
  • a fluid such as oil.
  • the process using oil can cause safety and environmental concerns. Exposing oil to a temperature of 900° C. could cause the oil to volatilize and/or oxidize.
  • the oxidized oil represents a degradation of the oil that must be filtered out of the quenching bath or removed by changing the oil. In either case, the oxidized oil and oil changes represent a waste stream that should be disposed of or partly recycled.
  • oil remains on the treated components removed from the oil quench bath. Oil tends to drip off the components as they are handled and moved to the cleaning area.
  • Spent quenching-oil coated components may require an additional cleaning step before they are shipped or machined. Additionally, quenching with oil may cause the components to distort significantly.
  • gas such as helium, has been used to cool components after they had been heated in a furnace.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,158,625 discloses a process for heat treating articles by hardening them in a recirculating gas medium which is in contact with the treated articles.
  • the hardening gas is cooled by means of a heat exchanger, of the type in which helium is used as hardening gas, and is stored under holding pressure in a buffer container.
  • a helium load is extracted from the treatment enclosure, in final phase by means of a pump until a primary vacuum is obtained.
  • the extracted helium is brought to purifying pressure by means of a compressor associated to a mechanical filter, and the helium under pressure is sent to a purifier in which impurities are removed, after which it is transferred, if desired, after recompression in the buffer container.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,938,866 discloses an apparatus for the treatment of components by means of a gas mixture, comprising mainly a first light gas and minor amounts of a second gas being heavier than the first gas.
  • the apparatus has a treatment chamber, where the treatment occurs and a concentration, and purification device in which the gas mixture is concentrated and purified to increase the concentration of the first gas.
  • the treatment chamber comprises an outlet member provided in an upper part of the treatment chamber and means being arranged to move the gas mixture upwardly and out through the outlet member.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,867,808 discloses a process for heat treatment of metallic workpieces by heating in a vacuum furnace followed by quenching in a coolant gas under above-atmospheric pressure and with coolant-gas circulation.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,173,524 discloses a rapid gas quenching process wherein an increased cooling rate of an article heated to an elevated temperature is achieved by flowing an inert gas mixture of helium and another inert gas over the article under conditions of turbulent flow.
  • a quenching gas such as helium
  • a quenching gas such as helium
  • the invention relates to a process for heat treating components in an atmospheric heat-treating furnace comprising the steps of:
  • step (d) feeding the quenching gas and treating gas mixture of step (c) into a gas recovery chamber where the treating gas and quenching gas are separated to provide a purified quenching gas and treating gas;
  • step (e) feeding the purified quenching gas of step (d) back into the quenching chamber thereby effectively recycling the quenching gas back to the quenching chamber;
  • step (b), (c), (e) and (f) shall mean furnace as recited in step (a) of the novel process of this invention.
  • the process of this invention is suitable for treatment of components manufactured from carbon, alloy and tool steels. Of particular importance are the carburizing grades of steel such as AISI grades 5120, 8115, 8620 and 9310.
  • a primary use of the novel process of this invention is for use in atmospheric carburizing furnaces in which the treating gas can be at least one gas selected from the group comprising methane, methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, propane and butane.
  • a common treating gas for carburizing is endothermic gas which consists of about 20% carbon monoxide, 40% hydrogen and 40% nitrogen.
  • the treating gas could be heated to about 750° C. and about 1200° C., preferably about 800° C. and about 1000° C.
  • the carburizing gas would be heated between about 850° C. and about 1100° C., and preferably about 900° C. and about 950° C.
  • the quenching gas could be at least one gas selected from the group consisting of helium, preferably as the major component (>50%) and from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon and carbon monoxide as the minor component.
  • the preferred quenching gas would be helium.
  • the quenching gas should be pressurized at least to 37 psia and preferably between about 74 psia and about 890 psia, and more preferably between about 147 psia and about 368 psia.
  • the quenched treated component is generally removed from the quenching chamber at atmospheric pressure and slightly above ambient temperature.
  • the subject invention also relates to an apparatus for the treatment of components by a gas in an atmospheric furnace
  • an atmospheric furnace adapted for receiving treating gas and a component to be gas treated, the atmospheric furnace coupled to a quenching chamber which is adapted for receiving the treated component from the atmospheric furnace and a quenching gas;
  • the quenching chamber coupled to a gas recovery device adapted for receiving spent treating gas and quenching gas and having means for separating the gases to provide a purified quenching gas;
  • the gas recovery device coupled to the quenching chamber and adapted for transmitting the purified gas into the quenching chamber; and the apparatus operable such that quenching gas can be recycled between the quenching chamber and the recovery device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of a gas quenching system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic of a helium/endothermic gas quenching system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic of another embodiment of a helium gas quenching system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an equipment orientation that will allow helium quenching for an atmospheric carburizing furnace using an endothermic gas or a vacuum carburizing furnace using a gas such as propane or methane.
  • furnace 1 is opened and the components and furnace atmosphere enter, via duct 2 , heated vacuum chamber 3 .
  • Heated vacuum chamber 3 is sealed from furnace 1 and helium quenching chamber 5 .
  • the atmosphere is removed via vacuum pump 9 .
  • heated vacuum chamber 3 remains at the furnace temperature so that the components do not start to cool.
  • the chamber may or may not be back filled with helium at a pressure, for example, about 14.7 psia.
  • the components will move to helium quenching chamber 5 when the chamber has met the following conditions. Chamber 5 is empty of the previous load of components, the chamber has been sealed from the outside atmosphere, and the outside atmosphere has been removed from chamber 5 via vacuum pump 9 . Once the seal between chambers 3 and 5 is broken the components will move to chamber 5 and the seal established once again between chambers 3 and 5 . Chamber 5 will then receive helium at the quenching pressure (e.g. 290 psia).
  • the quenching pressure e.g. 290 psia
  • the helium is removed from chamber 5 via duct 10 to helium recovery system 11 and then the components are moved to the next step in the process, for example, machining.
  • the spent helium is purified to a desired level in helium recovery system 11 and the purified helium is returned to chamber 5 via duct 12 .
  • FIG. 2 shows one embodiment of a novel process of the subject invention.
  • Several components disclosed in FIG. 1 have the same numerical indicators as components in FIG. 2.
  • Carburized components plus the furnace atmosphere are moved directly to quenching chamber 3 and then sealed from furnace 1 .
  • Quenching chamber 3 is then pressurized with quenching gas from the quenching gas recovery system and the components are quenched.
  • the quenching gas plus furnace atmosphere is then removed from quenching chamber 3 via quenching gas recovery system 7 .
  • the quenched components are then moved on to the next step in the process (e.g. machining 5 ).
  • FIG. 2 shows the difference between the embodiment described by FIG. 1 above and the subject invention.
  • Subject invention results in reduced equipment cost and process complexity. Both require the use of a quenching chamber. However, previous recycle systems were not feasible to remove the carburizing gases.
  • Table 1 shows a typical carburization gas composition that would enter the quenching chamber when an evacuation of the chamber is not performed.
  • a significant amount of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen and nitrogen enter into the system.
  • the carburization gas will represent 5% of the total gas in the quenching chamber.
  • FIG. 3 shows a gas recovery system in which quenching gas flows from quenching chamber 20 via duct 24 to the suction side of oil flooded screw compressor 25 .
  • the pressure of the suction side of oil flooded screw compressor 25 is controlled to a maximum by pressure regulator 23 .
  • Oil flooded screw compressor 25 will discharge the quenching gas at 150 psig or higher.
  • the discharge of oil flooded screw compressor 25 will pass through oil removal equipment (not shown) in duct 26 and then through the suction side of diaphragm compressor 27 .
  • the discharge of compressor 27 is at a higher pressure such as 575 psig ( ⁇ 40 bar absolute)
  • a higher pressure such as 575 psig ( ⁇ 40 bar absolute)
  • approximately 60% of the total flow through diaphragm compressor 27 of the quenching gas will take side branch 29 and pass through membrane 30 .
  • the membrane will discard methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen through valve 32 .
  • the membrane permeate will return to the suction side of oil flooded screw compressor 25 via duct 22 and duct 24 .
  • Table 2 represents the steady state composition of the gas in the quenching chamber (i.e. quenching gas plus endo gas).
  • the permeate at approximately 94% pure helium will mix with the unpurified gas and pass through the catalyst and water removal.
  • the composition of gas in the receiver before equalization with the quenching chamber is approximately 95% pure helium.
  • the endo gases as shown in Table 1 lowers the helium purity to approximately 90%.
  • Oxygen was not shown in the simulation below but would be present because air inlet valve 34 feeds the suction of compressor 25 . Oxygen is completely consumed in the conversion of hydrogen to water and carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The presence of oxygen in the membrane is expected to have an insignificant impact on the helium recovery and final steady state gas composition.
  • the hot gas from diaphragm compressor 27 passes through catalyst bed 36 to convert some of the hydrogen to water and carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.
  • Oxygen is provided for the reaction by air inlet valve 34 at the suction side of oil flooded screw compressor 25 .
  • Valve 34 allows the air to enter the quenching gas recovery system and is controlled by a signal from hydrogen analyzer 38 .
  • hydrogen analyzer 38 When the level of hydrogen is over a predetermined set point, hydrogen analyzer 38 will send a signal to valve 34 to let in air. Analyzer 38 maintains an excess of hydrogen in the system. The combination of catalyst and excess hydrogen will cause the removal of oxygen to the PPM level such as ⁇ 10 PPM.
  • the hydrogen analyzer is located in duct 40 after valve 42 .
  • the gas stream is cooled in heat exchanger 44 and passed through separator 46 to remove entrained water.
  • the entrained water passes to a trap and is discharged from the system.
  • the trap may operate by a float or a timer (T).
  • T timer
  • the trap seals the quenching gas recovery system from outside air and does not allow quenching gas to escape from the quenching gas recovery system.
  • the quenching gas will fill quenching gas ballast tank 48 from valve 56 until the pressure reaches, for example, 590 psig as measured by PIT 50 . Not all of the gas in the quenching chamber is removed to the quenching gas recovery system and some quenching gas is lost during purification with membrane 30 .
  • quenching gas ballast tank 48 reaches a predetermined set point pressure, then the quenching gas recovery system has finished and shuts down.
  • butterfly valve 54 closes. Air/nitrogen or other gas back fills the quenching chamber and the components are removed. The empty chamber is closed and purged with nitrogen or other gas. A new load of hot components is then placed in quenching chamber 20 and quenching gas ballast tank 48 is equalized with quenching chamber 20 through butterfly valve 60 . The next cycle begins.
  • quenching gas pressure requirements of approximately 10 bar or less would use only one compressor.
  • the compressor could circulate 60% of the recovered gas in the quenching chamber through the compressor and through the membrane. Therefore, the compressor could remove 875 CF of quenching gas from the quenching chamber. From the discharge of the compressor, 525 CF could pass through the membrane back to the suction side of the compressor. For a cycle time of 15 minutes, the compressor would move 1400 CF or 5600 SCFH. Thus, compressor 27 is significantly smaller at 3500 SCFH. A smaller compressor 27 saves on capital cost and operating cost over the prior art.
  • a water separator could be used to remove entrained water (FIG.
  • Heater exchanger 44 could be augmented with a chiller for lower volumes of water in the quenching gas.
  • the amount of water in the quenching gas should remain constant as a saturated gas, at the temperature and pressure of the stream, entering ballast tank 48 .
  • Quenching chamber 20 would not be required if the furnace chamber is approved for quenching pressures. The quenching gas recovery system would remain the same.
  • a separate vacuum pump could be used in a side process connected to duct 24 before valve 23 to evacuate quenching chamber 20 so that a greater percentage of quenching gas is recovered.
  • the vacuum pump would be turned on after the quenching chamber reached atmospheric pressure.
  • Purification of the side stream could replace membrane 30 with molecular sieve or a purge.
  • Purification of the side stream could use molecular sieve or another membrane on the raffinate stream of membrane 30 to increase helium recovery. Also, the raffinate could be placed in a separate receiver and serve as purge gas for the quenching chamber.
  • Valve 34 could inlet pure oxygen instead of air.
  • Heat exchanger 44 could be augmented with a chiller to further reduce the amount of water in the quenching gas.
  • More than one quenching chamber can be used in one quenching gas recovery system.
  • Equipment can be sized based on the number of quenching chambers and the controls are adjusted so that the quenching gas in each quenching chamber can reach the desired gas composition and pressure.
  • the purge gas could be nitrogen, argon, helium or used endothermic gas from the carburizing process.
  • a separate chamber could be added that receives the components from the quenching chamber.
  • the additional chamber could have a purge of nitrogen, argon, or helium.
  • Ballast tank 48 could provide purge gas to quenching chamber 20 .
  • the quenching gas recovery system would be set up to run continuously. However, after the components are removed from quenching chamber 20 , valves 60 and 54 would open and allow gas to purge quenching chamber 20 for a period of time. At the end of the purge, valve 56 would close first and then valve 22 would close, leaving the chamber at near atmospheric pressure. Then the next cycle would start with the addition of hot components to quenching chamber 20 .
  • Oxygen or air can be introduced to the quenching gas recovery system after compressor 27 . Introduction of additional gas after the compressor would reduce the flow through valve 34 since the membrane would discard none of the oxygen. This option would have the most value when pure oxygen was being used to oxidize hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • Catalyst temperature and type can be adjusted to minimize or practically eliminate the conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.
  • To maintain a helium purity of 90% requires only 40% of the stream through duct 29 when carbon monoxide is not oxidized.
  • a 40% flow in duct 29 represents a 33% decrease over the preferred method as described above.
  • Table 3 shows the feed, raffinate and permeate compositions when carbon monoxide is not converted to carbon dioxide.
  • the membrane is approximately four times as efficient at discharging carbon monoxide as it is carbon dioxide.
  • Another advantage is that less oxygen consumption is required for quenching gas recovery system oxidation. This option would be the preferred method if reduction in the quenching chamber of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide is possible and undesirable.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
US09/727,473 2000-12-04 2000-12-04 Process and apparatus for high pressure gas quenching in an atmospheric furnace Abandoned US20020104589A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/727,473 US20020104589A1 (en) 2000-12-04 2000-12-04 Process and apparatus for high pressure gas quenching in an atmospheric furnace
CN01142575A CN1366083A (zh) 2000-12-04 2001-12-03 用于在常压炉中的高压气体淬火的方法和设备
MXPA01012438A MXPA01012438A (es) 2000-12-04 2001-12-03 Proceso y aparato para el enfriamiento de gas a alta presion en un horno atmosferico.
BR0105894A BR0105894A (pt) 2000-12-04 2001-12-03 Processo para o tratamento térmico de componentes em um forno de tratamento térmico atmosférico, e, aparelho para o tratamento de componentes por um gás dentro de um forno
CA 2364356 CA2364356A1 (fr) 2000-12-04 2001-12-03 Procede et appareil pour la trempe au gaz a haute pression dans un four atmospherique
EP20010128749 EP1211329A3 (fr) 2000-12-04 2001-12-03 Procédé et dispositif pour la trempe à gaz sous pression élevée dans un four à atmosphère

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/727,473 US20020104589A1 (en) 2000-12-04 2000-12-04 Process and apparatus for high pressure gas quenching in an atmospheric furnace

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US20020104589A1 true US20020104589A1 (en) 2002-08-08

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US09/727,473 Abandoned US20020104589A1 (en) 2000-12-04 2000-12-04 Process and apparatus for high pressure gas quenching in an atmospheric furnace

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US (1) US20020104589A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1211329A3 (fr)
CN (1) CN1366083A (fr)
BR (1) BR0105894A (fr)
CA (1) CA2364356A1 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA01012438A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060048868A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2006-03-09 Linda Lefevre Rapid cooling method for parts by convective and radiative transfer
US20060189710A1 (en) * 2003-07-23 2006-08-24 Katsuhiro Hayashi Aqueous ink
US20060272752A1 (en) * 2003-08-21 2006-12-07 Florent Chaffotte Gas quenching method using a recycling facility
US20070068601A1 (en) * 2005-09-26 2007-03-29 Jones William R Process for treating steel alloys
JP2008524098A (ja) * 2004-12-16 2008-07-10 レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード 二酸化炭素（ｃｏ２）と一酸化炭素（ｃｏ）とを含む投入混合物を、前記混合物中から一酸化炭素を除去するために精製するための方法。
EP3006576A1 (fr) * 2014-10-06 2016-04-13 Seco/Warwick S.A. Dispositif de durcissement par trempe individuelle de composants d'équipement technique

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DE10108057A1 (de) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-22 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Abschrecken von metallischen Werkstücken
DE10251486A1 (de) * 2002-11-05 2004-05-19 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gaserückgewinnung
FR2863628B1 (fr) * 2003-12-11 2006-11-17 Etudes Const Mecaniques Dispositif de trempe de pieces en acier
PL202005B1 (pl) 2004-11-19 2009-05-29 Politechnika & Lstrok Odzka In Urządzenie do hartowania z zamkniętym obiegiem wodoru
CN101824520B (zh) * 2010-04-27 2011-06-15 昆明理工大学 一种淬火气体循环利用系统
CN109234519A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-18 上海颐柏热处理设备有限公司 一种冷却可控的热处理生产设备
CN111283389B (zh) * 2020-03-17 2021-10-22 无锡鹰贝精密液压有限公司 一种液压马达耐磨盘的端面磨加工工艺

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US5104425A (en) * 1989-11-14 1992-04-14 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Gas separation by adsorbent membranes

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DE3736501C1 (de) * 1987-10-28 1988-06-09 Degussa Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung metallischer Werkstuecke
FR2660669B1 (fr) * 1990-04-04 1992-06-19 Air Liquide Procede et installation de traitement thermique d'objets avec trempe en milieux gazeux.
SE504320C2 (sv) * 1995-06-22 1997-01-13 Aga Ab Förfarande och anläggning för behandling av komponenter med en gasblandning

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US5104425A (en) * 1989-11-14 1992-04-14 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Gas separation by adsorbent membranes

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060048868A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2006-03-09 Linda Lefevre Rapid cooling method for parts by convective and radiative transfer
US20060189710A1 (en) * 2003-07-23 2006-08-24 Katsuhiro Hayashi Aqueous ink
US20060272752A1 (en) * 2003-08-21 2006-12-07 Florent Chaffotte Gas quenching method using a recycling facility
US7632453B2 (en) * 2003-08-21 2009-12-15 L'air Liquide-Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Gas quenching method using a recycling facility
JP2008524098A (ja) * 2004-12-16 2008-07-10 レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード 二酸化炭素（ｃｏ２）と一酸化炭素（ｃｏ）とを含む投入混合物を、前記混合物中から一酸化炭素を除去するために精製するための方法。
US20090266453A1 (en) * 2004-12-16 2009-10-29 Daniel Gary Method for purifying an input mixture comprising carbon dioxide (co2) and carbon monoxide (co), to eliminate the carbon monoxide contained in said mixture
US8551436B2 (en) * 2004-12-16 2013-10-08 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for purifying an input mixture comprising carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO), to eliminate the carbon monoxide contained in said mixture
US20070068601A1 (en) * 2005-09-26 2007-03-29 Jones William R Process for treating steel alloys
EP3006576A1 (fr) * 2014-10-06 2016-04-13 Seco/Warwick S.A. Dispositif de durcissement par trempe individuelle de composants d'équipement technique
US20160102377A1 (en) * 2014-10-06 2016-04-14 Seco/Warwick S.A. Device for individual quench hardening of technical equipment components
US10072315B2 (en) * 2014-10-06 2018-09-11 Seco/Warwick S.A. Device for individual quench hardening of technical equipment components

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BR0105894A (pt) 2002-09-17
EP1211329A3 (fr) 2004-01-02
CA2364356A1 (fr) 2002-06-04
CN1366083A (zh) 2002-08-28
MXPA01012438A (es) 2002-06-11
EP1211329A2 (fr) 2002-06-05

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