US1994748A - Burner construction - Google Patents

Description

ilu/7 3 3 qauaooooooooooooooo @com yI Il y 4.100000000000000OODDOOOOOOOQUOGBDBI INVENTOR ATTORNEYS jatented Mar. 19,

#BURNER CONSTRUCTION 1 camu Monree, Ypsilanti," Mich., `assigner to United Stovelompany, Ypsilanti,` Mich., al corV l i `poration of YMichigan Q .Application v.time 25, 1,934, serial No. 732,364

n eclaims. (criss-94) Y Y This inventionlrelates. to heatingdevicesof the character embodyingv burnersurelying upon combustion .for operation,` and has as one of rits principal objects .toi increase the `eicency vof such devices by improving combustion control.. i

`It islwellestablishedthat in heating devices oi. the character set forthabove, 'the .efciencyoff operation and .the ability ofsuch yclevicestopr duce'maximum heat `depends largely upon comi-1L .bustion control', orinotherfworda the heightiof. amelcapableof beingeftected the burner chimney, withoutacoumulating soot :depends upa.- on the efficiency of combustion within thechimi neyi i. To this endthe present inventionconternV` 4plates a heater having'a burnerV chimney-mom' structedfin such amanner that the fmain airV stream iiowing upwardly therethrough is Vcorri y iined substantially to the central-'portion'of the' chimney and -serves toeiectively ldraw air' into t the vchimney through-*suitable openings 'formedu in the side Wallsofifthe chimney',A at l'point`s``fspacedl longitudinally" of the latter; Supplyingfair Sto the spaceV withinthe chimney, in-`=the manner'- previously set forth,l replenishes theoxy'geninV the main air stream at? different `elevationsand this lis important, since it not only greatlyinl creases combustion efcien'cybu't alsofp'ermits higher flames to be -utilizedf without' sacriii'cing economy.-

f IA. further advantageous feature v'of= this 'invention which contributes'materially to effectively drawing-air-into the" chimney through" the openingsjinnthe side walls 4thereof Vresidesin the.pro. vision of means wat the lowerend of the chimneyA permittingt air to flow into the chimney at points spaced inwardly from the side walls of the chimney and .causing 'this airv toY be ,directed toward the center of the chimney. Thus Athe airfflowing upwardly through the chimney from' the lower end thereof is prevented from `hugging the side walls of thev chimney and interfering'withV theV passage of air into the chimney through'theopen-v ings provided therein forthis mirpose. As a4 matter of fact confining the main airstream to the central portion-ofV the chimney actually ac-` centuates the entrance of. air into 'the chimney,` sincev it acts to draw the; air' through theropenings.

A still further object of this invention consists in reducing the diameterof the chimneydirectly 'j above the openings through the side walls thereof, so as to provide annular shoulders or baiiies above these openings operableto not only direct the-air passing through the y,openings towardthe central or. mainl airystreamA passing upwardly.;

`=' through the Chimney, .butto-.also assistin@011.-`l

flningthe main air. streamtothe central portion ofthe chimney, and in addition toinsure against any possibility `ofthe air inthe main streamsflowing directly across the openings .in the sides of the chimney.v 1 .-xTheforegoing, as lwell as other objects, will .be made .more apparentQas this description proceeds especially when considered in connection with the accompanying drawing, whereinsf.

:Figure 1 is a'perspective view4 featuring a chimney constructed in accordancel with Vthis inventiong. .1'

`.ligure .2 is a. longitudinal sectional View through the chimney shown in Figure 1;. and also through. a portion otaLburner with which the specific chimneyillustrated herein is adapted to be2-used; y.. :Figures 3 andearerespectively crossesectional views taken substantially `on the linese-'B and 4-4 respectively -of'Figure 2.- i

For the purpose ofillustration, I have shown` my improved 'chimney construction as employed in 'association with an oil.burner. of the Wick type',v although-it will be'apparent as this description proceeds, that the invention is applicable toburners of VariOusIdiEerent types.

While the particular construction of the wick oil burner forms no part of the present invention and does not eiect the operation of the chimney, per se, nevertheless, thespecific burnershown hereinis preferred, since it has been found. that the combination `of the advantageous features of this burner with the high degree of performance"V of the chimney,` to be fully hereinafter described, results in a heater possessing maximum ecie'ncy. The specic construction of wick oil burner illustrated in Figure 2, and the-advantageous results attributed- 'to this construction are' de'- scribed in detailA in my Patent'No. 1,966,232, issued July`10, 1934. In view of the fact that the` above identied patent contains a complete description 4of the burner featuredherein, it is believed l unnecessary to complicate ythis specifi-v cationwith a detailed description of vthe burner. Briefly, however, the burner comprises a casing 10 and Va wick Vtube.;l1 concentrically; arranged within the wick tube and cooperatingv therewith to.- form` aspace therebetween' for ,the wick* l2.

Also arranged. within the wicktube is ay name Y in Figure 2, with the upper end thereof projecting above the corresponding end of the wick tube, and provided with an annular horizontally disposed flange 16 extending laterally outwardly from the flame spreader body above the Wick tube. wick tube is a baffle 17 of inverted substantially U-shaped cross section having the outer ange sleeved within the upper endof the wick tube and having the inner flange dividing the space into inner and outer air passages 18 and 19 respectively.

With the construction as thus far described, it will be noted that air flowing through the innermost passage 18 ls directed by the flange 16`laterally outwardly above the baffle, while the air ilowingv through the outermost passage 19 is received within the baille and is directed by suitable openings 20 through the baille laterallyoutwardly adjacent the upper end of the wick tube. Also air is permitted to flow upwardly through the flame spreader and this air is directed laterally outwardly above the flange 16 by a suitable apertured cap 21 secured to the upper end of the iiame spreader. `In addition, provision is made for directing air flowing upwardly at the outer side Yof the burner casing v1D inwardly adjacent the upper end of the wick tubeandthis is accomplished by a burner collar 24 surrounding the casingand secured thereto.4` The above construction insures maximum combustion control at the'burner, and for this reason the latter is particularly applicable to my improved chimney construction about to be described.

'Ihechimney is designated generally herein by the reference character22 and comprises a tubular portion 23 at the lower end thereof surrounding the burner collar 24 and secured thereto in the manner clearly shown inV Figure 2. Referring now more in detail to the particular construction of the chimney, it will be noted that the lower end of the chimney is provided with an inwardly extending annular ilange portion 25 Yhaving an annular flange 26 extending verticallyupwardly f from the inner edgethereof and having a circumferentially extending series of openings 27 therethrough adjacent the flange to provide for the passage of air upwardly through the chimney. The series of openings 27 are spaced a substanv tial distance inwardly from the side walls of the tubular portion 23 and the portion of the ange 25 through which these openings are formed is bent as at 28 so that the air passing through the openings 27 is directed inwardly toward the longitudinal center line of the chimney, instead of toward the side walls of the latter. Thus the column of air flowing through the chimney 22 is, in effect, confined to the central portion of the chimney, or in other words, is prevented from hugging the side walls of the chimney during passage therethrough. Attention may also be called to the fact, at this point, -that the side walls of the burner are substantially parallel since .such a construction minimizes the tendency for the air flowing upwardly through the chimney to hug the inner surfaces of the side walls thereof.

Conning the column of air flowing upwardly through the chimney to the central portion of the latter, or in other words, preventing the air from hugging the side walls of the chimney is desirable since it offers the possibility of effectively drawing additional air into the chimney through the two circumferentially extending series of openings 30 and 31 formed'in the side walls of the chimney at vertically spaced points.

Also located within the upper end of the ThisY additional air supplied to the interior of the chimney is advantageous since it materially increases combustion eiciency'and thereby permits higher flames to be utilized. In the present instance, air is supplied to the interior of the chimney 'a substantial distance above the series of openingsY 33. Inasmuch as the openings 30 are formed4 through the upper end of the portion 23, it necessarily follows that these openings are directlyV below the flangey 33, and the contour of the latter is such as to directthe air flowing through the openings r30 Vupwardly andV inwardly toward the center of the chimney.

Locatedabove the portion 32 is-still another tubular portion 34 having a diameter less than the diameter of the portion 32 and permanently connected to the upper end of this latter portion through the medium of a curved flangedp'or- ,tion,35. As shown in Figure2, the flanged vpor- -tion 35 isv curved inwardly and upwardly, fromVY the series of openings 31 sothat this hanged prtionwill also serve to direct air 'flowing throughtY the openings Slinwardly toward the center of the chimney. Thus it will be seen'v thatin the specic embodimentk of the invention shown in Figure 2, I have provided two series of openings through the side walls of the chimney spaced vertically from each other and 'from the series of openings 27 at the lower end of the chimney for supplyingair Yto the spacewithin thechimney at differentV elevations. This arrangement provides for supplying suiiicient oxygen to theinterior of the chimney to afford maximum combustion efciency even though a relatively high flame is employed. AIt will further be apparent from the foregoing description that I have especially j constructed the chimney so as to insure the max.-A

imum ow of air through the openings inthe side walls of the chimney totheinterior o f the .latterE In this connection; it may be pointed out that the stepped cross section of the chimney .shown in Figure 2, not only provides-the flanged pp ) rtions 33 and 35 for directing the air inwardly toward the center of the chimney, but also assists in conning the column of air owing upwardly through the chimney to the central portion of the latter.

Although only one specific embodiment of the invention has .been Vshown and described herein,

nevertheless, it is to Abe understood that various changes in construction may be resorted to with-v out departing from the scope of this invention,- 'Y

and therefore, reservation ismade to maltesuch changes in the specific construction illustrated,. as may come within the purview of the accom-4 panying claims;

What I claim as my invention is:

A1. In a heater, a burner, a chimney forjfthe burner having substantially parallel sidewalls and having vertically spaced reduced portionsV successively decreasing in size, means at thelower end of the chimney permitting vair tov flow upwardly into the chimney-and means'spaced abovel the means aforesaid permitting additional air to flow into the chimney.

2. In a heater, a burner, a chimney for the burner having substantially parallel side walls and having vertically spaced reduced portions successively decreasing in size from the bottom to the top of the chimney, means at the lower end of the chimney operable to permit air to ow upwardly into the chimney and to direct this air toward the central portion of the chimney, and means supplying additional air into the chimney at points immediately below the shoul-V ders formed by the reduced portions aforesaid of the chimney.

3. In a heater, a burner, a chimney for the burner having vertically spaced reduced portions successively smaller from the lower end of the chimney forming inwardly extending baiiles and having openings through the sides below the baffles operable to supply air to the interior of the chimney.

4. In a heater, a burner, a chimney for the burner having vertically spaced reduced portions successively decreasing in size and having a series of air inlet openings in the side walls thereof located immediately below the shoulder formed by one of the reduced portions.

5. In a heater, a burner, a chimney for the burner having tubular portions successively decreasing in diameter from the bottom to the top of the chimney and having air inlet openingsrin the side walls thereof immediately below the shoulders formed by the reduced portions of the chimney whereby said shoulders act as baffles to direct the air owing through the openings toward the center of the chimney.

6. In a heater, a burner, a chimney for the burner provided with tubular portions successively decreasing in size from the bottom to the top of the chimney and having parallel side walls, the Walls of certain of the tubular portions having air inlet openings therethrough beneath the shoulders connecting the parallel walls to each other whereby said shoulders form ballles to direct the air flowing through the openings to' Ward the center of the chimney.

CARROLL M. BREED.

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