US2054162A - Heating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 15, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENToFeieE 2,054,1 2 7 HEATING APPARATUS James Norman Macrae, Stamford, Conn. Application April 22, 1932, Serial No. 606,811

4 Claims. (oi.15s 1.5)

This invention, relates to a structurally and functionally improved form of heating apparatus capable of use in numerous different associations, but primarily intended for employment in con- 5 nection with boilers, furnaces and similar mechanism of a commercial or domestic nature.

It is an object of the invention to provide an apparatus of this character which will be of primary utility when correlatedat the time of manufacture-with a boiler or furnace but which may, if desired, be adapted and applied to an already existing installation. Whether initially or subsequently provided, however, an extremely efficient combustion cycle will occur and by means of which in any given installation low stack temperatures will result, although the flame will be of maximum intensity.

Another object of the invention is that of constructing a heating apparatus which may readily be set in operation and. in which the installation and manufacturing costs of the apparatus will be relatively low.

Another object is to furnish an apparatus of this type which will render efficient service for long periods of time with freedom fromdifliculties and in which, when adjustments, renewals or corrections are required, they may be achieved with minimum effort and expense.

IVith these and other objects in mind reference is had to the attached sheet of drawing illustrating one practical embodiment of the invention and in which:

Fig. 1 is a sectional side View of a heating ap-' paratus embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional side view of the intake head and V Fig. 3 is a face view of said head.

Referring primarily to Fig. 1, it will be seen that a boiler has been illustrated which is the subject matter of a copending application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 567,548, filed October 8, 1931. This boiler includes a combustion chamber 5, lined, for example, with suitable refractory material 6, and having an inlet opening I and an outlet opening, or passage, 8. The opening 8 communicates with the rear ends of an upper bank of tubes 9 and secondary combustion may occur within these tubes. The products of combustion pass into a head H) at the forward 50 end of the boiler and flow downwardly into the forward ends of a lower bank of tubes II similar to tubes 9. Thence the products of combustion escape into the conduit [2 and flow thence through the intake end l3 of an exhaust fan I4,

the latter discharging through an opening I5 into a stack (not shown).

The boiler is preferably jacketed as at l6 and this jacket may have a drain opening H, it being noted that, as described in my said copending 6 application, communication is provided between the jacket and interior of the boiler by means of a series of openings Hi. In this manner feed water (from a source not shown) can be established at a proper level in the jacket and will be 10 preheated, the water being capable of readily flowing into the boiler with a view to replenishing the supply therein as it becomes exhausted. Also, as moisture condenses and returns through the openings l9, it will pass into the jacket, and not 15 into the body of highly heated water within the boiler body proper.

Secured to the forward end of the boiler is a plate 29 which is formed with a central opening normally closed by a cap 2|. Mounted by the 20 latter is a nozzle 22 adjacent which electrodes 23 extend.' The plate is preferably formed with an observation opening 24, this opening being so disposed that all or a portion of the interior of the combustion chamber 5 may be observed. It 25 will be appreciated that the rear refractory wall might also be pierced in line with this opening so that ready observation will be practicable.

The boiler is preferably supported upon a frame 25, which also mounts a motor 26 driving a pump 21, as well as an exhaust blower or fan I4. The motor may be connected to a switch (not shown) of the relay or hand type, to which are also connected the electrodes 23; Thus, by means of the usual layout of control apparatus, the mo- 35 tor is set to operating and a spark gap or source of primary ignition is provided adjacent the outlet end of the nozzle. With the motor operating it will be apparent that fuel oil will be ejected from the nozzle and that air will be drawn past 40 the latter through the various passages provided for this purpose. The electrodes will function to ignite the resultant fuel mixture and the flame will move in contact with the refractory 6 and the products of combustion will flow through the passage 8, tubes 9, passage IE3, tubes H, passages l2 and I3, through the pump it and thence be discharged through the stack.

' With a view to assuring combustion of maximum efiiciency, it is desirable that the air flowing past the nozzle be given a vortex action. The plate 20 is, for example, spaced from the forward end of the boiler to an extent adequate to permit of a suflicient flow of air at this point. Additionally, however, the'inner face of the plate is provided with a series of spiral inwardly extending fins or ribs 28 so that as the air enters it will be given a twisting action. This will obviously result in a rapid rotation of the air column as it flows through the opening I, thus achieving the desired results. 3

It will of course be understood that the motor 26 is preferably connected to arelay which is in turn controlled from a thermostat. By means of the present invention it is apparent that a boiler is provided which will be capable of working entirely without a stack, although it willie; course be understood that such stack will ordi-' narily be provided. More especially, in the case of a gun-blower type of oil burner, as heretofore developed, it has been almost necessary that a stack having a natural draft; of a certain. minimum factor be available.

bustion would not traverse the flue passages and escape through the stack. By means. of the present invention, however, and having in mind that the blower isconnected to the exhaust end of the boiler or furnace, it is obvious that when the motor 28 is set inoperation, the'exhaust fan 7 will primarily begin to operate, thus establishing the necessary flow of air into the combustion chamber past the nozzle. Immediately subsequently thereto the flame will be developed with-. in. the combustion chamber and as the apparatus functions the combustion air will fiow over the plate ZO'andbe preheated. Of course, asshown,

air may also how through an internally ribbed tube 29 which is mounted, for example, upon the hub 2 i and in turn mounts the nozzle 22; When the motor 26 ceases to operate it is apparent that there will be no danger of a pull back. for the reasonthat the products of combustion will be substantially completely exhausted through the combustion chamber with no probability of a reversal of flow and regardless of; the existence tion products and having an opening in. one end thereof for introduction of oil and air, a plate or non-existence of a stack. 7

With regard to the motor, it will be understood that the operation of this member and the blower are governed by any or all of the usual. controls, .which include, for example, relay operating as new and desire. to secure by Letters Patent is:

,1. An oil burning apparatus including a casing providing aapassage, for the flow of combusrernevably 'associated with said end of'said casing and placed over said opening, fins securedv to the inner face of said plate. and in'conta'ct with said end, such fins providing between them passages for the flow of air, the air. being preheated by contact with said end' of said casing, a fuel Otherwise,. improper combustion would occur and the products of comsupplying tube extending through the plate, and a fuel nozzle connected to said tube and projecting into said opening for the discharge of oil into said casing. p

2. An oil burning apparatus including a casing providing a passage for the flow of combustion products and having an opening in one end thereof for introduction of oil and air, a plate removably associated'with said end of said casing and placed over said opening, fins secured to the inner face of said plate and in. contact with said end, such fins providing between them passages for the flow of air, the air being preheated'by contact with said end of said casing, said plate being formed with an opening in line with said casing opening a cap mounted on said plate and closing said plate opening, said cap being formed with-a transversely extending bore, a fuel supplying tube having a diameter less than said bore, a fuel nozzle coupled to the inner end of such tube, and means for adjustably supporting said tube" with respect to said cap and within said bore whereby said tube may be longitudinally,

shifted, the: space between said tube and the surface of the cap bore providing a passage for the how of air. 7

'3. An oil burning apparatus including a caslatter, said plate being also formed with an'open-.

ing in line. with the casing opening, a cap mounton said. plate and covering such plate opening, said cap having transversely extending. bores, a fuel supplying tube extending through one of said bores and longitudinally shiftable with respect to said cap, a. fuel nozzle mounted on the inner endotsuchtube, and an igniting element extending through. another of said bores and longitudinally shittablewith. respect to said cap andsaid tube.

4 An oil burning apparatus including a cas ing providing a passage for the flow of combustion products. and having. an opening in one end thereof for introduction of oil and air, a plate removably associated with said end. of said casing and.- placed. over said opening, fins secured to the inner tace. of said plate and in contact with saidend, such fins extending from the periphery of the plate towards its center. andproviding'between them passages for the flow of air, the air being preheated by contact with said end of said casing, said plate being formed with an opening substantiallyfin line with said casing'opening, a cap mounted on. said plate and closing the plate opening, said. cap being formed with a transversely, extending bore, a fuel supplying tube of a diameter less than thatof such bore and extending through the same, a 'fuel nozzle mounted on. the inner end of such tube, and means for securing, said tube within said bore whereby the same may be axially shifted.

JAMES NORMAN MACRAE.

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