US1991065A

US1991065A - Vacuum tube

Info

Publication number: US1991065A
Application number: US471643A
Authority: US
Inventors: John N Scism
Original assignee: Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: CBS Corp
Priority date: 1930-07-30
Filing date: 1930-07-30
Publication date: 1935-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 1952-02-12

Description

.f usuallyforms part of small. A A A A An object of my invention is to provide atubu` Patented Feb. 12, 1935 l www J `Westinghouse Electric alManufacturingCom-`4 Danna corporation of Pennsylvania l L f o "infinitatilnfgimi'y30,1930,seriarNo;47136453'.` sclaims. (onzen-,27.55

My.` vinvention relates to vacuum ltubesand particularly to` transmittertubes `having water--` cooling jackets.` o l z In high-power transmitterv tubes, the anode o the vacuum` tube envelope and is surrounded by a water-cooling jacket, a iiow of water being maintained between the `anode and the jacket. When this structureis employed, a rapid flow of water is desired in-.orderf to dissipate the heat, and, inorder thatthe water maybe passed. through the-cooling` `jacket 'at` a A'high velocity `without utilizingtoo great a volume of water, the spacingbetween Vthe 4anode and the inner surface of the cooling jacketwismade very lar casing around -the anode 'which shall havea small and raccurate spacing4 all around the anode. A further object oflmyinvention istoprovide a structure that maybe easily assembled.

In; practicing my invention, Isurround `the anode with a metallictube which is split in order that it may be slipped over a sealfin the envelope. The split tube is supported directly ,from the anode by means of` metallic supports `or feet. A solid tube, .which forms a portion of a water- ,tight chamber, fis closely tted over the splittube. l A:Other `features-and` advantages ofi my. invention will appear; from the following description taken in connection with the; accompanying Idrawing, in which: Y f `Figure 1 `:is a longitudinal section `of a portion Vofl'a vacuum tubeenvelope and of a cooling .jacket constructed in accordance with `my invention.

f lFig. 2 is an enlargedqvievv taken onY the `line II-II Of'Fggrl. A lFiga-3 `is `anenlarged view in elevation of the split tube, and

` Fig. 4 is a view of a modified form of myinvention.

Referring to Fig. 1, the vacuum tube comprises an envelope which consists of ametallic anode 11 having va glass blank 12 sealed to it at one end and a glass blank 13 sealed to the other end. The filament and control electrode are not shown. The completetube, with the exception of my im-` proved form of cooling jacket, is shown in application Serial No.` 344,772, led March 6, 1929, in the name of Ilia E. Mouromtseff,y and application Serial No. 358,608, led April 27, 1929, in the name of Ilia E. yMouromtsei and Gregory V. Rylsky, both applications being assigned to the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company.

The anode 11 is preferably ribbed, as shown in Fig. 2, both to make the water flow in straight nular members to provide an inlet and outlet for lines, andr :to: prevent lthecooling "jacket from touching any Vconsiderable area'of the anode in l casethe cooling jacket becomes displaced; f

Inhacjcordance with my invention, a split Ine--` tallic cylinder y14 fis slippedover-the anode 11 ,5 and is `supported directly from'thelancde 11by means .of'metallicffeet 15.'.bolted, or otherwise secured, rto `the c`ylind'er`f14.` The lsplit cylinderA `lf; is heldinfposition by wrapping wire 16 around the anodellandfeet 15..., U `'I'he mannerfin'which lthe cylinder 14 4is split will beseen' by referringto Fig. `3. `On the under side "ofV "the cylinder, asaw cut l'extends the entire length ofthe'cylinder.l On the upperside of the cylinder 14, two saw cuts, 18and 19 extend l5 Vfor only a-portionofitslength.' Inthismanner, enough,.sollth`a`t its diameter may be increased enough to permit slipping. the cylinderoverthe sealf20. lAfter the o cylinder has beenslipped over .the

seal

20 and 20 aroundthe anode. 11, itspringsback to. its ,orignal diameter toatormavery closespacing befA .tween `its .inner ysurface and 4the outer surface" of the anode.- `The split cylinder 14 is entirely sur-j rounded by a "watertight cooling jacket." This 25 jacket comprises awater-tight cylinder 21 hich has an internal diameter that is largen than the external diameter of :the seal .20.- The cylinder ",21iits snuglyoyer the split: cylinder 14. At one end, itis secured to an annular-'member 22` by means` o1. .a' flexible `diaphragm 23. AIn practice, the diaphragm231is made. of gli inch soft copper. `The annular'member 22is supported on the anode 11 by means of a one piece ring'24fthreaded 'on the .A gajsketf26` ispositionedbetween a split ring 27 and the;ring "24 V'andfmay be compressed by means of a plurality f 'pivoted hooks 28(v The hooks are pivoted on the head of a screw 25 as indicated by the broken lines. In order to compress the gasket 26, either the Screw 25` is turned or the screw 29 is turned to lift the end of the hook away from the annular member 22.

The other end of thevcylinder 21 is likewise secured to anannular member 30 by means of a flexible diaphragm 31 similar to diaphragm 23. A gasket 32 and a split ring 33 are positioned between the annular member 30` and a split ring 34. Openings 35` and 36 are provided in the an` 50 the cooling liquid. o l

The coolingv jacket is assembled onv the anode 11 by spreading apart the split cylinder 14 and slipping it over the seal 20 as described above. It is then rrnly supported on the anode 11 by 2,V attaching the feet 15 thereto and wiring them. on the anode.

The cooling jacket structure comprising the

members

21, 22, 23, 30 and 31 is clamped on a bench with the member 30 at the bottom. The split ring 27 and gasket 26 are then placed in member 22. The anode 11, with split cylinder 14 land"members= I2 'and 13 attached, is slipped downward to fit in the outerA jacket members as shown. The gasket26 is then compressed to form a water-tight joint. y

Next, the above-described complete assembly is turned upside down and clamped on a bench with member 22 at the bottom. The

split rings

33 and 34 and the gasket 32ers placed in position and the gasket 32 is compressed in the same manner Aas the gasket at the opposite end. Y

It will be noted that this structure has a decided advantage over that in which the cooling jacket cylinder adjacent to the anode is supported from annular rings such as 22 and 30, because it' is diilicult to so mount the annular vrings that the spacing between the cooling jacket cylinderand the'anode is small and accurate. The

fiexible diaphragme

23 and 31 are provided in order to prevent undesirable strains in the tube structurecaused either by the unequal expansion ofthe anode and the water cooling cylinder during the operation of the tube or bythe anode and cooling jacket getting out of alinement. d

In operation, the tube is set in a vertical position and water is passed into the bottom ci the cooling jacket at sufiicient pressure to force the water along the anode at a high velocity. The Water then ows out ofthe cooling jacket through theannular member at the top of the jacketr Y The modied form illustrated in Fig. 4 may be utilized to provide greater accuracy in assembling the split cylinder 14' with the desired uniform spacing of water channel around anode 11'. In assembling the modified structure, an assembling fixture (not shown) is employed to accurately position member 1,4' about anode 11 and, while they are vso held, set screws 39 threaded in feet 15 are turned to slightly contact on anode 11. After this, the wire 16' is wound around members 15' and 11'.

In practice, ,the anode 11' will often varyv in diameter at therneck on line :r-- (Fig. 4) bevious, therefore,

cause of the heat treatments used. It is obthat the split cylinder 14 may be more accurately positioned about anode 11' with the modified structure than with the structure first described.

Various modifications may be made in my invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof,` and I desiretherefore, that only placed thereon as are in the apuid-tight relation to said first-named cylinder,`

means, for supporting said second-named cylinder from said first-named cylinder independently of said cooling jacket and an electrode cooperating with said first mentioned electrode.

2'. An velectron-discharge device comprising an evacuated envelope comprising an anode, a cath ode and insulating members sealed to each end of said anode, a cylinder surrounding and spaced away from said anode,l said cylnderrbeing `'of smaller internal diameter than the external diameter of either of 'said seals and being splitto permit its passage over one of saidjseals, yacooling jacket surrounding said Vcylinder in liquid-tight relation to said anode, and means for supporting said cylinder from said anode independently of said cooling jacket. d

3.{An electron discharge device comprising an evacuated envelope, an anode which forms a portion of said envelope,A a cathode, and a cylinder surrounding and spaced from said anode by spacers at each end which are angularly spaced apart and are immovably fixed to saidcylinder and said anode. f j

4.4 An electron discharge device comprising an evacuated envelope, an anodewhich forms la portion of said envelope, a cathode, a cooling jacket surrounding said anode and in liquid-tightrelation thereto, and a cylinder surrounding saidA fixed to said anode to produce anannular chamber thereabout, said cylinder being capable of movement relative to said cooling jacket.

5. An electron-discharge device `comprising an evacuated envelope, a cylinder which forms a portion of said envelope and which acts as an elec'- trode, a cylinder surrounding and spaced away fromsaid first-learnedv cylinder, a cooling jacket surrounding said' second-named cylinder in liq-l uid-tight relation to said first-named cylinder, means for supporting said second-named cylinder from said rst-named cylinder independently of said cooling 'jacket and an electrode cooperating with said first mentioned electrode, said cooling jacket comprising a plurality of portions joined together by flexible metal connections.

JOI-INN. SCISM.