US1962738A - Refractory tile - Google Patents

Description

.um 12, 1934. c- A, HAHN ET AL 1,962,738

REFRACTORY TILE Filed Dec. l2, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet l Z5" Z a `30 30 Z9 June 12, 1934. C, A, HAHN Er A,V 1,962,738

REFRACTORY TILE 4 Filed Dec. 12, 19:50,l 5 sheets-sheet 2 A77' Ty.

C. A. HAHN El AL REFRACTORY TILE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. l2. 1930 y khf` June 12, 1934.

@wnw tile which is provided with a Patented June 12, 1934 RFRACTORY TILE Carl A. Hahn, Kirkwood, and Frederick L. Hall, St. Louis, Mo.

Application December' 12, 1930, Serial No. 501,762

3 Claims. (Cl. 26S-43) Our invention relates to improvements in refractory tile, and has for its primary object a tile for lining heat chambers which is so constructed that the exposed surface area is greatly increased.

A further object is to construct a refractory tile in such a manner that the absorption and radiation of heat is facilitated.

A further object is to construct a refractory plurality of polygonal depressions which depressions are so spaced as to leave wavy or zig-zag reinforcing ribs extending across one face of the tile. A tile thus reinforced is less liable to crack than were 1.5 the ribs straight.

A further object is to construct a tile provided with reinforcing ribs so that the tile can be made much thinner than the ordinary tile and still not sacrice its strength, thus making the tile more penetrable by heat. Tile thus constructed can be used for gas retorts and in certain phases of oil cracking. In such structures, however, the ribbed face would be on the outside of the retort. This, of course, is obvious because if the ribs were on the inside and were the materlal to be treated placed therein the depressions would ll up with the material with no possibility of removing the same.

Our tile can be used in any heat chamber '3cwherein rapid absorption and radiation of heat is alternately required. Our tile due to its peculiar construction enables the concentration of radiated heat after absorption instead of a wide distribution, such as is common with flat or plain i faced tile. Our tile can be made of Various refractory materials and also of various shapes and sizes, the absorption and radiation surface having sharp edges so as to facilitate such absorption and radiation.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal view of a heating chamber with our improved tile in position, this form of heating chamber being commonly termed a cremator.

Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2 2.

Fig. 3 is a face View of one of our tiles.

Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 4--4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a face View o-f another form of tile.

Fig. 6 an end view of the same.

Figs. 7 and 8 are cross sections of tiles showing still another construction.

Fig. 9 is an edge View of a tile when used in arch construction and:

Figs. 10 and 11 are diagrammatic views of different forms of radiating surface showing the reflection or radiation of heat.

Fig. 12 is a face View of one of our reinforced tiles.

Fig. 13 is a section taken on the line 13-13 of 50? Fig. 12.

Fig.. 14 is a top plan View of another form of reinforced tile and:

Fig. 15 is a section taken on the line 15--15 of Fig. 14.

In the construction of our device, wefemploy a body portion l2 which may be of any suitable refractory materiali. This body portion is preferably rectangular and of predetermined thickness. The body portion l2 is provided witha 7b3 rim 13 which extends around foursides. The portion within the rim is provided withE a plurality of indentations' so as` toV leave pyramid or diamond shaped portions 14. The apexl of these portions lie in the same plane as the upper surface ofv the rim 13. By forming these'inden'- tations so as to leave diamond or pyramid shaped projections, we providea plurality of sharpfcolners which will readily radiatev and` absorb-heat and the inclined faces 15 of these projections act Boiy as refractors for the radiated heat and by changing the inclination of the faces 15, we can control the diffusion and concentration of heat.

The tile shown in Fig. 3 is provided on two edges with an outstanding tongue 16, these edges gigi being adjacent each other and on the remaining two edges, a recess 17. This makes the tile interlocking for building walls and floors.

In Fig. 6, we have shown a tile in which a tongue 18 is provided intermediate the front and grp rear faces of the tile, this tongue extending along three edges, the remaining edge of the tile being provided with a recess 19. This is clearly shown in Fig. 6.

In Fig. 7, we have shown a tile which is provided with tongues 20, along two of its upper edges; while in Fig. 8, tongues 21 are shown which extend outward from the lower edge or rear face of the tile.

Fig. 9 shows a curved tile 22 which is provided 10() along three edges with an intermediate tongue 23 and along one edge with a recess 24. In this manner, the tiles can be made interlocking.

We may also modify Fig. 5 by omitting a tongue along one of the outer edges thereof and sub- 105 stituting a groove therefor. This construction may also be had in the curved tile of Fig. 9.

Referring to the structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2, 25 represents a casing. This casing is provided at the rear with an opening 26 for .ng

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the introduction of a ame either from a gas or an oil burner. The forward portion of the casing 25 is provided with an opening 27 which is closed by means of a door 28 thereby forming a chamber 29 into which the flame entering through the opening 26 is projected. The casing is also provided with a plurality of air vents 30. This is necessary in cremators so that additional combustion can be obtained at slowly burning portions of the human body.

The combustion space or chamber 29 is lined with our improved tile. Adjacent the forward end of the combustion chamber 29, we provide a pair of passages 31. These passages lead downward into a pair of passages 32. These passages again unite as indicated by the numeral 33 at the rear of the casing 25 and thence pass through a reduced opening 34 and into a iiue 35 from which the products of combustion are delivered to the chimney to escape into the atmosphere. The passage 33, however, is provided with an opening 36 through which an additional flame is projected. 'Ihe purpose of this ame is to consume all unburned'products of combustion, as well as to destroy all odors which might arise and thus make the cremator obnoxious to persons in its vicinity, in other words, the cremator will be odorless.

As disclosed in Fig. 12 we form a body portion 36 of refractory material and in one face of the tile are formed a plurality of polygonal depressions 37. These depressions are so spaced as to leave ridges or ribs 38 between the depressions. The ridges as disclosed in Fig. 12 have sloping sides 39. The depressions are preferably hexagonal although various other forms of polygons may be employed.

It will also be noted that the body portion 36 is provided along its outer edges with a rim 40 f which tends to reinforce the edges. In Fig. 14

" we provide a body portion 41 which is provided in one face with polygonal depressions 42. These depressions are also spaced apart so as to leave ribs 43 between the depressions. These ribs, however, are flat on their upper faces so as to have a substantial width as illustrated. The structure disclosed in Figs. 14 and 15 also has a rim 45 extending around its edges. The rims 40 and 45 are of the same height as the ribs 3S and 43 so that the tiles can be readily placed on supports.

It will be particularly noted by the construction disclosed in Figs. 12 to 15 both inclusive that We have devised a tile which is relatively thin so as to permit heat to pass therethrough readily, but my means of the reinforcing ribs the tile is given the same strength as a much thicker tile; furthermore by means of the reinforcing ribs the heat absorbing surface of the tile is increased.

Having fully described our invention, what we claim is:-

1. In a furnace wall of the kind described, the combination of a plurality of separably interconnected refractory tiles of a material adapted to withstand high furnace temperatures and each comprising a rectangular element having a reinforcing rim entirely about its periphery and projecting 'from one face thereof, and a plurality of pyramid-shapedprojections of uniform height on said face and within said rim, the tops of all 100 of said projections being in the same plane as the upper surface of the rim.

2. A tile of a material adapted to withstand high furnace temperatures and comprising an element having a reinforcing rim entirely about its 105 periphery and projecting from one face thereof, and a plurality of pyramid-shaped projections of uniform height on said face and within said rim and terminating adjacent the upper face of said rim.

3. A tile of a material adapted to withstand high furnace temperatures and comprising an element having a reinforcing rim entirely about its periphery and projecting from one face thereof, and a plurality of pyramid-shaped projecu 115 tions on said face Within said rim and terminating adjacent the upper face of said rim.

CARL A. HAI-IN. FREDERICK L. I-IALL.

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