US1952389A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

March 27, I934.

E. I. STAPLES INCINERATOR Filed July 20, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet l Milli/ll I]!!! INVENTORA EA L: I. Srnpr. ES

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arch 27, 1934. E. l. STAPLES 1,952,339

' INCINERATOR Filed July 20, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 iIN VEN TOR L 1 EARLE I. STAPLES March 27, 1934. E. l. STAPLES 1,952,389

INCINERATOR I Filed July 20, 1929 4 Sheef s-Sheet a E g 5 6 v INVENTOR. 5 5 EAQLE STAPLES March 27,1934. 5 1 STAPLES 1,952,389

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. 1 Claim. (01. 110-3) chamber, independently of the ports heretofore may be embodied in other forms; and it is also 70 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE IN CINERATOR Earle I. Staples, San Francisco, Calif., assignor of one-gulf to Francis 0. Williams, San Francisco, Cali Application July 20, 1929, Serial No. 379,725

This invention relates particularly to an inchamber and a combustion chamber arranged cinerator or crematory for burning refuse, garcentrally therein, whereby the products of combage, etc. bustion can pass directly into the incinerating An object of the invention is to provide in an chamber and outwardly therefrom, the combus- 5 incinerator, an incinerating chamber along side tion chamber being so constructedthat the used 60 of which a heat generating chamber is positioned, products of combustion from the incinerating each of said chambers being connected by ports chamber may be directed into contact with the arranged along the sides of the incinerating combustion chamber and the temperature there of chamber, whereby heated gases from the heating raised prior to discharging said used gases from chamber may flow into the incinerating chamber, the incinerator. V VV 65 and pass out of said incinerating chamber at the In this specification and the annexed drawings, bottom thereof, the heating chamber being prothe invention is illustrated in the form considered vided with a combustion chamber therein suitto be the best, but it is to be understood that the ably connected by ports to the incinerating invention is not limited to suchform, because it referred to, whereby the heated products of comto be understood that in and by the claimsfolbustion maypass directly into the incinerating lowing the description, it isdesired to cover the chamber, and thencepass outwardly from the ininvention in whatsoever form it may be embodied.

i cinerating chamber into the heating chamber to In the accompanying four sheets of drawings:

contact with the outside of the combustion cham- Fi 1 pr s n s a ross cti n h u h an 75 her and be reheated, whence a portion of the incinerator constructed in accordance with my heated gases may flow back into the incinerating invention, taken on the line 11 o F a chamber, and the remainder of said gases flow 2 s a v a s t ta n at ht. a l s outward to the atmosphere. V to the section shown in Fig. 1, on the line 22 A further object of the invention is to provide 0f -l: 0 an incinerator or crematory in which the matter Fig. 3 is a pla Section taken through to be incinerated is burned anddisposed of by 011 t e e 3-3. heated gases generated in a combustionchamber Fig- 4 s a Cross S c ta t ou g. 1, independent of and apart from the incinerating on the line 4-4.

chamber, in contradistinction to incinerators 5 is a Cross Section through a od fied where the flame of combustion is turned directly form of e ator taken on the line 55 of onto the matter to be burned. V V V i A still further object of theinvention is to pro- Fig. 6 is a l i udi a section taken u h vide an incinerator having an incinerator chamthe incinerator Shown in 5 o e line 66.

35 ber to contain the material to be disposed of, said ig- 7 s a P Section through the incinerator incinerating chamber being in communication taken 011 t line '7 of Fig. 6. with a heating chamber in which the products of Fi 8 i a io aken hrough Fig. 6, on the combustion are generated within a combustion n 8 i chamber nounted in said heating chamber, invention to be hereinafter described C011- 40 whereby the heated gases may be circulated from Oe ns particularly the construction of. an incinthe combustion chamber into the incinerating erat if disposal of garbage, refuse, dead bodies chamber and back into the heating chambenthe and the like, and in Which the incinerator 0011 said incinerator being equipped to draw products Struciion p m s 0f the Obtaining a d mainteof combustion from the combustion chamber into ance of h her as temp a u thanit is pos- 45 the incinerator, and to draw the matter laden sible to obtain with conventional types ofincinproducts of combustion and gases from the inerators, a d a5 a result I am, b to burn the cinerating chamber into the heating chamber eiiete matter more quickly and economically than and outwardly from said heating chamber at a by other sys y System Of incineration controlled velocity to maintain a constant gas contemplates the generation of the products of 50 circulation thr u he ports, it being an e combustion in a chamber apart from the mom tial part of my invention not to depend upon a crating chamber containing the matter to bedis naturaldraft to cause the gas circulation during posed of, circulating the products of combustion the incinerating operation. V V into the incinerating chamber, and then return- Otherobjects oi the invention are to provide ing'the used products of combustion from the 55 an" incinerator consisting of an incinerating incinerating chamber back to an area surrounding the combustion chamber, whereby the used gases may be reheated and either recirculated thru the incinerating chamber or discharged to the atmosphere. A certain amount of the used heated gas is discharged from the incinerator in a volume substantially equal to the quantity of fresh gases of combustion, thereby to correspondingly regulate the fresh air drawn into the combustion chamber to permit the required combustion. The amount of used gases to be discharged from the incinerator is controllable, inasmuch as the products of combustion are drawn thru the various chambers by the suction fan, thus insuring positive control of the gas movements throughout the system, and also permitting the gases drawn from the incinerator to. be passed through a water bath for a washing out of a substantial part of the matter carried by said gases before discharging the gases to the atmosphere.

In detail the construction illustrated in the drawings in the preferred form of the invention, comprises a housing 1, formed of fire-brick, cement or other refractory material having heat resisting properties. The housing 1, along one side thereof, is provided with a horizontally disposed incinerating chamber 2 extending substantially the full length thereof and closed at each of the opposite ends thereof by doors 3 and i, through which the matter to be incinerated is introduced into said incinerating chamber. An ash pit 5 is arranged at one end of the incinerating chamber below the level thereof, to facilitate the sweeping or scraping of the ash refuse from the bottom of the chamber into the pit, whereby it may be suitably disposed of.

The roof 6 of the incinerating chamber is curved in the form of an arch, whereby to direct any gases flowing'into said chamber down toward the floor thereof, and the opposite side walls 7 and 8 of said incinerating chamber are substantially'vertical. A heating chamber 9 is arranged parallel to and along side of the incinerating chamber, being separated therefrom by the wall 8. The heating chamber 9 is of greater depth than the incinerating chamber, and along the bottom of said heating chamber, a plurality of spaced arches 10 are formed. The arches 10 are hollow in the center thereof and at the rear end of the housing, the hollow centers of said arches communicate with a stack or flue 11 through which gases and the products of combustion may be discharged to the atmosphere. A pair of inlet ports 12 and 13 are arranged in aligned spaced relation in the wall 8 to communicate the upper ends of the heating and incinerating chambers. A pair of outlet ports 14 and 15 are arranged in registry with the respective inlet ports 12 and 13, adjacent the bottom of the incinerating chamber, in order to discharge from the incinerating chamber gases admitted thereto through the ports 12 and 13. Transverse division walls 16, 17 and 18 extending across the full width of the heating chamber and down to the top of the arches 10, to separate the pairs of ports 12-14 and 13-15 from each other. The arches 10 are broken away at 19 to communicate the hollow interior thereof with the area formed between the front Wall of the housing and the division wall 16. Similar openings 20 in the arches 1O communicate the area between the walls 17 and 18 with the hollow interior of the area of said arches.

A two part combustion chamber formed out of a hollow block of carborundum or some other similar refractory material, is extended longitudinally within the heating chamber 9, commencing at the front wall thereof and extending through the division walls 16, 17 and 18. The front section 21 of the combustion chamber extends from the front wall of the housing 1 and terminates substantially flush with the rear face of the transverse wall 16. The combustion chamber 21 then breaks and the second section 22 thereof commences at the front of the second transverse wall 1'? and ends substantially flush with the rear face of the remaining transverse wall 18. Each of the sections 21 and 22 of the combustion chamber have the bottom side thereof resting on the upper end of the arches 10 and the section 21 separates the ports l2--1 l from the opening 19 in the arches 10, and in a similar manner the section 22 separates the ports 13-15 from the openings 20 in the arch 10, whereby used products of combustion drawn from the incinerating chamber must first strike the exposed outside of the combustion chamber before either passing down into the arches and out of the stack or be reheated and returned into the incinerating chamber. The area between the divided chambers 21 and 22 defined at the bottom by a portion of the arch 10, and on the sides of the transverse walls 16 and 17, communicates with the incinerating chamber 2, through a port 25 arranged adjacent the ceiling of the incinerating chamber between the upper inlet ports 12 and 13'. A similar port 26 is arranged to communicate the rear end of the last combustion chamber 22 with the incinerating chamber, said port 20 being positioned between the last transverse wall 18 and the rear wall of the housing.

A fuel burner 27 of any conventional type projects through the front of the housing in registry with the front end of the combustion chamber. The burner 27 is the heat generating means for creating the products of combustion and gases necessary for incineration purposes. The heat generated by the burner 27 passes down through the center of each of the combustion chamber sections 21 and 22, heating said sections to a temperature of 2000 F. or 3000 F., and from the said combustion chambers, the products of combustion pass through the ports 25 and 26 into the incinerating chamber. The gases entering the incinerating chamber are directed down onto the material to be burned from the top, after which the used gases pass out the outlet ports 14 and 15 into the smoke consuming chamber 9. The gases that issue from the incinerating chamber through the ports 14 and 15 strike the heated exterior of the combustion chambers 21 and 22. which is directly in the path of any gases issuing from said outlet ports 14 and 15, and a portion of said gases are reheated by contact with the combustion chamber and pass upwardly to the upper part of the smoke consuming chamber, whence said gases return through the ports 12 and 13 into the incinerating chamber to be blended with the incoming supply of products of combustion and to assist in the incineration operation. The remaining portion of the gases pass downward around the combustion chamber through the openings in the arch 10, and outward through the stack. The amount of reheated gas that is discharged from the smoke the combustion chamber to permit the required combustion.

The gases discharged from the heating chamber may either pass directly out the stack 11, or a damper 2'7 may be placed across the stack flue to direct the matter laden exhausted gases from the flue into and through a water bath 28, before discharging said gases to the atmosphere. The water bath has the effect of Washing the gases free of the matter carried thereby. A suction fan 29 communicates with the water bath housing 28, and said fan draws the gases through the entire system, being the means by which a positive induced draft is obtained in the system to promote combustion. The suction fan 29 controls the velocity at which the gases are drawn from the combustion chamber and through the various other chambers, before discharging said gases to the atmosphere. Obviously, dampers and other controls may be inserted in the system to regulate the speed at which the gases will flow through the system. The water utilized in the water bath fiows through a pipe 30 to a pump 31 whence said water is returned thru the pipe 32 to the spray heads mounted within the water bath housing.

The modified form of the invention consists of a houshig 40, formed of fire-brick or other heat resisting material. The housing along one side thereof is provided with an incinerating chamber 41 extending substantially the full length thereof and closed at each of the opposite ends by fire-proof doors 42 and 43. The floor 44 of the chamber 41 is supported on columns 45 in spaced relation to the ground surface on which the housing is built. The flooring is provided with openings 46 along one side thereof to communicate the chamber 41 with the air space beneath the flooring. The flooring 44 slants down at a slight angle from the openings 46 to a trough 4'7 arranged along the side of the floor opposite the openings 46. A heating chamber 47 is arranged along side of the incinerating chamber 41, being spaced therefrom by the wall 48. A series of arches 49 are arranged along the bottom of the heating chamber 47, said arches being hollow in the center and the space between the arches is open to communicate with the air space below the floor 44.

A combustion chamber 50 formed out of carborundum, or some other similar refractory material, is arranged lengthwise in the heating chamber 47, being supported on the arches 49. The forward end of the combustion chamber is provided with a fuel burner 51, of some selected type and design, therein. The burner is the heat generating means for the products of combustion and gases necessary for incineration purposes. An opening 52 is provided in the combustion chamber near the burner to admit free air thereto, and, a blower 53 is connected with the air port 52 to force a circulation of air through the combustion chamber and other chambers entering into the assembly.

The combustion chamber 50 is provided with a pair of spaced outlet ports 54 and 55 therein, which communicate through the wall 48 with the incinerating chamber 41, adjacent the floor 44. The space between the outside of the combustion chamber 50 and the interior walls of the heating chamber permits circulation of gases from the area below the combustion chamber, upwardly around said chamber into the area in the heating chamber above the combustion chamber, whence said gases may flow outwardly to the atmosphere through the flue 56. The gases that pass by the outside of the combustion chamber contact with the heated exterior thereof and absorb heat therefrom, assisting in further destroying any unincinerated products carried by the said flowing gases, before passing into the atmosphere.

The matter to be incinerated is placed on the floor of the chamber 41 directly in front of the discharge ports 54 and 55 leading from the combustion chamber 50. The products of combustion and the heated gases from the combustion chamber flow directly into contact with the matter to be consumed and pass downwardly and out of the incinerating chamber through the holes 46 in the floor thereof, to the space below the floor. The gases then travel toward the area below and around the combustion chamber and upwardly and out the flue. If desired, the flue gases may be water treated.

Having thus described this invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In an incinerator, an incinerator chamber, removable closures at the ends of the chamber; a heating chamber alongside the incinerator chamber; means to conduct products of combustion from the incinerator chamber to the heating chamber; a combustion chamber in the heating chamber communicating with the incinerating chamber through a side thereof; the outer Walls of the combustion chamber being exposed in the path of the flow of the products of combustion through the heating chamber for heating the products of combustion therein; a flooring for the incinerator chamber slanting transversely and downwardly toward that side of the incinerator chamber which is connected to the combustion chamber; and means to create a forced flow of the products of combustion from said combustion chamber through said incinerator chamber, conducting means, and heating chamber.

EARLE I. STAPLES.

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