US413832A - Garbage-cremating furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. L. PATRICK.

GARBAGE GREMA'I'INGwv FURNACE.

Patented Oct. 29, 1889 F5 Witnefises: I TTH/ETL'LDIZ ,Q. Alaxanflarllll atnck M%? I E (ffixfw/ (NoModL) I i s Sheets-Sheet 3.

A. L. PATRICK. t

GARBAGE GREMATING PURNAGE.

' No. 413.832. Patented Oct. 29, 1889. v

\WWWW Y a I AlEXa11El rLPELtriLk 1y fi UNITED "STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER L. PATRICK, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

GARBAG E-CREMATI NG FU RNACEQ SPECIFIfiA'J'fIOlV forming part of Letters Patent No. 413,832, dated October 29, 1889.

Application filed April 15, 1889. Serial No. 307,264. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER L. PATRICK, a citizen of the United States, residingat Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of section. through my improved furnace. Fig.

2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a ver-. tical cross-section thereof on line X-X in Fig. 1. Fig. 4is afront elevatiom Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on line Y Y in Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line Z Z in Fig. 1.

A A are the side walls of the furnace. B is the end wall, and O is thefront wall. D is the bottom, and E is the top, all built of brick.

in a substantial manner and lined on the inside with fire-brick wherever exposed to the heat of the flame. The space comprised within these'out-er walls is divided-by a horizontal partition F and a vertical partition G into the furnace-chamber H and the return-flue chambers I I.

The furnace-chamber H is located on top. It extends the whole width and length of the furnace and connects at the rear Y through a vertical downflue I with the return-fines I, which extend underneath the floor of the furnace-chamber to =the front and connect through a suitable trunk-flue I with the chimney. A hollow bridge-wall J is constructed near the rear end .of the furnacechamber, through which air. is conducted through openings J into the flame and gases of combustion,which pass through the throat.

J above the bridge-wall; An'air-inlet J 3 is formed in the walls of the furnace to admit the air into the bridge-wall eitherdirectly or through passages .formed in the walls of the furnace for the purpose of heating the air by contact with the hot furnace-walls, as in the well-known air feeding devices forfurnaces. In the front end of the furnacechamberprovision is made for firing a suitable fuel, for which, on account of cheapness and capacity for generating a large amount of flame and heat, I prefer to use crude oil, which I burn by means of suitable burners K, projecting through the front wall. Air is admitted inside of the furnace to aid the combustion of the fuel and garbage, preferably through small openings or perforations L in the floor of the furnace-chamber at the front end thereof. A suit-able air-flue L is provided with an adjustable door or damper L and admits the air from the outside.

The garbage is introduced into the furnace 4 through openings or hoppers M, provided for that purpose in the top of the furnace-cham ber. These are preferably'arranged in two rows and are conically enlarged toward the bottom to prevent the mass from wedging therein, and are provided on top with removable covers M, adapted to seal the opening. A flue or vent-pipe N is provided between the rows of hoppers, and a vent N connects each hopper near its .top with the flue N. The top of the furnace-chamber is 'made extra thick and level to prevent loss of heat and form a convenient floor-for the workmen to feed the garbage into the furnace.-

Along one side of the furnace and elevated above it I construct a garbage-receptacle 0, extending the length of the furnace and provided at the side toward the furnace with suitable fdoors P, corresponding to the hoppers. tight, with the doors adapted to slide vertically and counterbalanced for easy operation. Into this receptacle the garbage is dumped directly from the wagons collecting it, suitable provisions (not shown) being made for the purpose. A large ventilating-pipe R leads from the top of this receptacle into the flue N. V

In practice, the parts being constructed and arranged as shown and described, they are intended to operate as follows: An intense fire being maintained in the front end of the The receptacle is preferably madefurnacechamber, the flames and products of combustion are carried along the furnacechamber through the throat above the bridgewall and down-flue I into the horizontal return-flue I, and from thence into the chimney. During this passage the walls of the furnacechamber become highly heated, and especially the horizontal partition F, from being exposed on both sides to the influence of the heat of the flame and the gases of combustion. As the latter pass over the bridge-wall fresh air is introduced and the unburned gases (of which there is a large quantity given 0% from the garbage) are consumed, and the flame will extend into the return-flue I and impart its heat to the partition F, which thus becomes highly heated. The garbage, being transferred in suitable quantities from the receptacle into the furnace-chamber through the hoppers,is thus exposed to the direct heat of the fire, to the radiating heat from the walls of the furnace, and to the intense heat from the floorof thefurnace-chamber. Thisheat quickly expels the moisture and renders the garbage combustible itself, thus creating an additional source of heat through the burning of the garbage,which ordinarily contains enough organic matter itself to support combustion. The result is a thorough cremation of the garbage, and new garbage is judiciously added from time to time, according to the progress of the work, without checking the fire.

The object of the vent flue N and its connections with the hoppers is to permit the escape of gases when the outlet atthe bottom of a hopper is closed by garbage, as will temporarily occur in filling in new garbage. The gases generated in the hoppers thus cut off can pass into the vent-flueN, and from there find their way through some hopper not obstructed at the bottom into the furnacechamber. The eflluvia from the garbage in the reservoir is in'like manner carried into the furnace through the pipe R.

It is obvious that the vertical division-wall G is only a structural element to give more stability to the floor F to support a great weight of garbage, and it may be dispensed with where the necessary stability can be obtained without it.

For the purpose of removing the ashes doors S are provided in the side walls of the furnace to give convenient access to the furnacechamber and flues connected therewith.

The horizontal partition-wall F, as already described, isma-de of brick and imperforate, except at the openings L. One advantage of this construction is that I am able to consume all garbage and night-soil, no matter how soft or wet, which would run through the ordinary grate-bars.

Should it be necessary, I construct another bridge-wall (not shown) across the horizontal partition F at any convenient point between the openings L and the bridge-wall J, to prevent very fluid matter from running through the said opening.

Should it in some cases be found necessary to use a forced draft, I preferably conduct the air from a fan orblower to the air-flue L, to a pipe or series of pipes situated in some convenient part of the furnace or returnflues, so as to allow the air to become thoroughly heated before it is used.

What I claim as my inventionis-' 1. In a cremating-furnace, the combination of the furnace-chamber, the fuel-burning device at the front end of said chamber, the.

hollow bridge-wall at the rear end thereof, having air-feeding devices, the return-fines below the furnace-chamber, the hoppers communicating with said chamber, and the Vents communicating with the hoppers, substantially as described.

2. In a cremating-furnace, the combination of the furnace-chamber and return-flue, the air-flue at the front end of the furnacechamber, the fuel-burning device at the said front end, the hollow bridgewall at the rear end of said furnacechamber having air-feeding openings, the hoppers above said furnace-chamber, the flue connecting said hoppers, the garbage-receptacle, and the ventilating-pipe leading, from said receptacle to the said line, which connects the hoppers, substantially as described.

3. In a cremating-furnace, the combination, with the furnace-chamber, of the feedhoppers and the flue connecting said hoppers, substantially as described.

4.. The combination, with the outer walls of the furnace and the furnace-chamber formed therein, of the rows of hoppers formed through the top of the furnace and the vent-flue closed at its ends and communicating with each hopper, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the outer walls of the furnace, the division-walls F and G,"di viding the furnace into a furnace-chamber H and return-fines I, the downflue I, connecting the furnace-chamber and return-fines, the burners K in the front wall of the furnace, the perforations L in the division-wall F, the air-flue L, communicating therewith, the bridge-wall J, with its air-feeding devices, the openings M in the top of the furnace-chamher, and the closed vent-flue N, communicating with the openings M, all substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the furnace and furnace-chamber extending on top and provided with openings through the top of the furnace, and the hoppers communicating with said openings for filling in the garbage, substantially as described, of the garbage-receptacle elevated above the top of the furnace and along one side thereof, the sliding doors P in proximity to the tops of the hoppers, the closed vent-flue communicating with the said hoppers, and the ventilating-pipe R, leading from the receptacle into the ventilat ing-p'ipe Y connecting said hoppers, substam In testimony whereof I affix my signature, to

tially as described. i V in presence of two witnesses, this 15th day of 7. In a cremating-furnace, the combina- March, 1889. tion of the furnace-chamber, the hollow V 5 bridge-wall, the air-supply, the hoppers, the ALEXANDER L. PATRICK. flue connecting said hoppers, the garbager receptacleand the ventilating-pipe leading Witnesses:

from the receptacle to said flue, substantially GEO. A. GREGG, as and for the purpose described. A. B. EATON.

Images