US335176A - boulicault - Google Patents

Description

NITED STATES PATENr tribe.

JEAN B. BOULIGAULT AND JOSEPH LEHNBEUTER, OF SI. LOUIS, MO.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 335,176, dated February 2, 1886.

Application filed March 2, 1883. Serial No. 86,797. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J EAN B. BOULICAULT and J OSEPH LEHNBEUTER, both of the city of St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

The object of our invention is to obtain a of the furnace and its course broken as it rises by transverse bars, so that it may be warmed in its passage, being finally introduced into the fire or combustion chamber at the upper rear part thereof, and drawn over it toward the front by the draft which is above the grate-bars and near the front of said chamber.

Our invention retains the general features of the Boulicault furnace; but for a more complete consumption of the smoke we have introduced certain modifications and additions, intended to bring fresh jets or streams of the external air into contact with the flames at a series of points, so that they may always have a supply of oxygen until combustion is complete.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section centrally through a furnace embodying our invention; Fig. 2, a second longitudinal section through the same furnace; Fig. 3, a vertical transverse section through said furnace; Fig. 4, a second vertical'transverse section on a different line; Fig. 5, a horizontal section on the line 5 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 a second horizontal section on the line indicated by corresponding number.

A represents the combustion-chamber of the furnace, covered by an arch, B B, which is pierced transversely, as in the above -mentioned patent, above the grate-bars and near the front wall, for the ventage or chimneydraft, but except at this point forms a close or imperforate ceiling to said chamber.

0 are the grate-bars, placed at an inclination and removable, as in said patent, and O is any boiler, should one be used.

In front of the ash-pit G", lying transversely, is an air trunk, D, receiving'external air through a port, (1, at one side of the furnace, and extending substantially the whole width of said furnace,exposed to some extent to the heat of the flames radiated through. the pit, so that the air therein may be raised in temperature in its passage. From this air-trunk flues (1 lead through the brick-work at each side of the ash-pit horizontally until they reach the rear of the pit, andare then carried up vertically to the level of the grate-bars, when they return toward the front, finally opening into the combustion-chamber immediately under the arch close to the front wall of the furnace. This irregular course is given them that the air'may be raised still higher in its temperature by the heat radiated through the walls before it finally enters the combustion-chamber. A third flue, (1*, leads from the main flue centrally along or beneath the floor of the ash'pituntil it reaches the rear, then rises and passes along the grate-bars above them toward the front,where it becomes vertical, and discharges immediately beneath the crown of the arch. This flue, being surrounded by the burning fuel, will be bridged with fire-brick. The horizontal portion of the flue (1 also opens into the airduct E in the bridge-wall F at the rear of the combustion-chamber, so that a current of air may be drawn up therethrough, broken and retarded, and warmed as it goes, by the transverse bars or bricks e, finally entering the combustion-chamber through a port, e, in the wall immediately beneath the arch. Heretofore this latter air-supply has been introduced to the combustion-chamber or brought 'into contact with the flames at only this single pointthat is, beneath the arch at the rear of the chamber. In our present invention we divide it by a partition, f, depending within the duct, one portion of it being conducted through the port in the bridgewall into the combustion-chamber, and the second portion passing through the small flues b in the rear section, B, of the arch, and discharging into the flames as they are drawn through the opening I) by the chimney-draft, but not at the combustion-chamber.

any other point, thus insuring that the air passing through these, flues shall be highly heated, without, however, parting with any of its oxygen until the moment it strikes the flames rushing through the draftopening, when its effect will be expended and felt in the heating-chamber alone.

By the arrangement described We supply fresh air to the combustion-chamber or to the flames at five different pointsfrom two ports at the sides of the chamber,from-a port at the front immediately beneath the crown. of the arch, from the vertical duct in the rear wall immediately beneath the arch at the rear of the chamber, and from the series of horizontal flues in the arch itself, the latter jets mingling with the flames as they are rushing with great force through the constricted opening in the arch under the influence of the chimneydraft.

The flues in the arch may be formed in-various ways. As shown in Fig. 4, they may be either square, rectangular in cross-section, or round, and it is apparent that the fire-bricks of which the arch is constructed may be so shapedor molded that they will be formed by the simple setting of said brick in constructing the arch. A damper, G, controls the inlet to the air-trunk D, from which the various flues are supplied, so that the air-supply may be moderated or increased in all at once. If it is desired to independently control the separate flues, they will each be supplied with dampers. They may also draw directly from the external air, the purpose of the trunk be.- ing only to give the air-supply a preliminary warming, and to bring all the flues under the control of a single damper. The irregular course given to the flues is partly for convenience in construction and economyof space, but mainly to expose them to the heat and cause the air passing through them to be sufficiently raised in temperature before it enters Itpis therefore 0bvious that their course may to. some extent be changed without departing from the principlev of our invention.

In saidformer patent there was no connection with the chimney, except through the opening in the arch. We find it desirable, to

connect with the chimney-draft at the rearof.

the combustion-chamber by asmall flue or. ventage, H, passing through the rear wall at this point, and a vertical duct, 71, into whichit opens, formed by the second bridge-wall, I, as.

shown. This leaves the, main draft still through the arch, but gives sufficient-transverse draft to maintain the combustion of the fuel at the rear of the grate-bars, which has heretofore been incomplete.

We. claim .as our invention 1-. The combination, in a furnace, of a combustion-chamber, a close arch crowning it, a draft-opening, through said arch near. the

front of the chamber,-and air-portssupplying.

external air to said chamber at'the frontiand rear of the arch immediately beneath its crown,

said air'ports being fed from a flue or flues traversing the length of the furnace and exposed to the heat-rays.

2. The combination, in a furnace, of a combustion-chamber, a close arch which covers it, a draft-opening through said arch, and airports supplying fresh air to the chamber immediately beneath the crown of said arch at front and rear, and also at each side of the chamber, said air-ports being fed from a flue or flues traversing the length of the furnace and exposed to the heat-rays therefrom.

3. The combination, ina furnace, of a combustion-chamber, a close arch which covers it, a draft-opening through said arch, air-ports opening immediately beneath the crown of the arch at front and rear, air-ports opening at the side of the chamber, and air-flues supplying external air immediately at and transversely, along the draft-opening through the arch.

4. The combination, in a furnace, of a combustion-chamber, a close or imperforate arch which covers it, a draft-opening through said arch nearthe front of said chamber, air-fiues passing longitudinally through the rear section of said arch and discharging immediately into the draft-opening, and an air-trunk traversing the length of the furnace, and heated thereby, to aconnection with the rear of said fiues.

5. They combination, in a furnace, of a combustion-chamber, a close or imperforate arch Whichcovers it, a draft-opening through said arch near the front of said chamber, air-flues passing longitudinally through the rear section of said arch and discharging immediately into said draft-opening, and an ascending airduct;.in the bridge wall at the rear of the chamber, supplying said flues at its head, and having a connection at its foot with the externalxair.

6. The combination, in a furnace, ofa combustion-chamber, a close or imperforate arch which .covers it, a draft-opening through said arch near the front of said chamber, air-fines passing longitudinally through the rear section of said arch and discharging immediately into saidzdraft-opening, an ascending air-duct in the bridge-wall at the rear of the chamber and supplying said flues at its head, and a connection at its foot with the external air, and transverse bars interrupting said duct to retardthe, air-current as it rises to the flues in the arch.

7. The combination, in a-furnace, of a combustion-chamber, an arch covering it, a draftopening through said arch, an air duct or compartment in the rear wall, an. opening fromsaidduct into the combustion-chamber immediately beneath the rear of the arch, and-air-flues from said duct leading through the corresponding section of the arch to the draft-opening.

8. The combination, in a furnace, of an airtrunk laid transversely along the frontof the ash-pit, and an air-flue leading therefrom centrally beneath the ash-pit, and returning up- 10. The combination,substantially as hereward to a discharge-port at the top and front inbefore set forth, of the transverse air-trunk, of the combustion-chamber. its damper, the side and central flues, the rear I 5 9. The combination, in a furnace, of an airair-duct, and the flues through the fine-arch. 5 trunk laid transversely along the front of the ash-pit, a horizontal air-flue leading there- JEAN B. BOULIGAULT. from beneath the ash-pit to a vertical duct in JOSEPH LEHNBEUTER. the rear wall of the combustion-chamber, an air-port from said duct opening into the up- Witnesses:

10 per rear part of said chamber, and air -fiues F. M. ALLEMAND,

leading from said duct to the draft-opening FRANCIS HAMILTON.

or ventage.

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