US1942121A - Process of annealing and zinc coating ferrous articles - Google Patents

Process of annealing and zinc coating ferrous articles Download PDF

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Publication number
US1942121A
US1942121A US545822A US54582231A US1942121A US 1942121 A US1942121 A US 1942121A US 545822 A US545822 A US 545822A US 54582231 A US54582231 A US 54582231A US 1942121 A US1942121 A US 1942121A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
zinc
annealing
ferrous metal
ferrous
strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US545822A
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English (en)
Inventor
Potter William Harold
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US1942121A publication Critical patent/US1942121A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/38—Wires; Tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/026—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. adhesion layers or pre-applied alloying elements or corrosion protection

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the art of zinc coating ferrous articles, principally coiled wire and strip, and provides a method of annealing, and a method of chemical heat treatment, which produces 5 a zinc coated article such as wire or strip, in a continuous process, such zinc coating having improved qualities in that it is strongly alloyed to the ferrous metal and possesses a bright and smooth surface. These improved qualities I obtain without impairing the physical or electrical properties which are demanded of such articles as wire or strip.
  • the improved method herein referred to is also intended to cheapen the manufacture of the products of this art, and alsoto render the manufacture of same safer, since I do not use any poisonous solid substance which could form either poisonous dust or gas in the process of manufacture, and which could injure operators.
  • I prepare ferrous wires or strip for zinc coating by leading same through an intimate mixture of selected chemicals, one of which shall possess a high nitrogen content, this chemical mixture being maintained in a heated condition upon amass of molten lead, so that the nitrogen bearing chemical shall become molten, and decompose, and thus provide a local atmosphere of nitrogen gas, through which atmosphere of nitrogen gas the ferrous wires or strip must pass.
  • the mass of molten lead, and the heated chemicals which float thereon, are contained within a covered steel vessel, which is kept heated by an outside agency such as a Bunsen burner, though any of the usual sources of heating may be employed to maintain the temperature of this vessel.
  • the cover of the vessel referred to is so constructed as to allow for the entry and exit of continuous lengths of wire or strip, and also arranged to pass the wires or strip substantially through the molten mass of lead and the intimate mixture of heated chemicals so that there shall be close contact between the continuous lengths of ferrous metal and the contents of the vessel.
  • the effect of this chemical heat treatment generally is to produce annealed ferrous metal which is free from inclavated fusion products such as 50 iron scale or deposited carburized matter, whilst the adhering chemical residual substance which covers the ferrous metal acts as a protective coating against atmospheric oxidation while the metal is cooling off.
  • a zinc coated ferrous wire so produced will allow of the severest of bending and twisting tests without the zinc coat peeling off or showing fractures, and it is noticeable that when bent or twisted that the zinc coat appears to flow with the metal base of iron, and that the zinc coat is of close crystalline structurev Whilst I prefer to regard the favourable alloying reaction, before referred to, as being due to the occlusion, by the ferrous metal, of the inert non-combustible nitrogen gas, with the resultant absence of any exo-thermal manifestations when the ferrous metal comes into contact with the molten zinc, I am aware that the subject can be explained from other standpoints, one being, that the prior occlusion of the inert nitrogen gas by the ferrous metal prevents the later occlusion of other gases which cause a calorific reactivity at the moment when the ferrous metal so occluded is brought into contact with molten zinc, this calorific reactivity not being favourable to ironzinc alloying.
  • the thermal conductivity of the molten lead is the convenient means used for obtaining the required temperature of the ferrousmetal, in this heat treatment process, and also, that the high specific gravity of the molten lead is a convenient means of localizing the evolution of the nitrogen gas from the heated chemical mixture at the point where themoving wire or strip has reached the required temperature for this chemical heat treatment.
  • nitrolime calcium cyanamide
  • I use this chemical in combination with other chemicals which possess high melting points, such as soda' ash (sodium carbonate), and common salt (sodium chloride) or with refractory materials such as asbestos or sand, these are used to keep the chemical mixture porous and to expand same and thereby distribute the nitrogen gas throughout a greater mass.
  • other chemicals which possess high melting points such as soda' ash (sodium carbonate), and common salt (sodium chloride) or with refractory materials such as asbestos or sand, these are used to keep the chemical mixture porous and to expand same and thereby distribute the nitrogen gas throughout a greater mass.
  • refractory materials such as asbestos or sand
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the vessel with cover, which I use to chemically heat treat ferrous metal such as wire or strip in continuous lengths.
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the apparatus illustrating the arrangement of chemical heat treatment bath and associated preparatory and molten zinc baths and also the winding mechanism.
  • A represents the vessel which contains the molten lead and the heated chemical mixture
  • B is the cover for this vessel.
  • the cover is brought into a secure position by means of stretcher bars fixed across the top of the cover and through the eye brackets C.
  • the skeleton lines D show the guide bars.
  • E shows the flue of the cover the gap of which is closed by a suitably fitted loose plate chemical mixture floating on molten lead, then the wire or strip in a cooled condition is passed into an acid bath I, for the purpose of removing the adhering chemical residual matter.
  • Acid action is then stopped by passing the metal through a water bath- J, and later the metal is traversed through a fiuxing bath K, the flux employed being basic in character, and finally the metal is passed through the bath of molten zinc L, from which it emerges to be coiled at the winding frame M, by means of the revolving block N.
  • the continuous lengths of wire or strip are directed from vessel to vessel and throughout the system by the guides O.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US545822A 1930-07-19 1931-06-20 Process of annealing and zinc coating ferrous articles Expired - Lifetime US1942121A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB21843/30A GB345598A (en) 1930-07-19 1930-07-19 Improved method of annealing and zinc coating ferrous wires, strip and other ferrous articles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1942121A true US1942121A (en) 1934-01-02

Family

ID=10169732

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US545822A Expired - Lifetime US1942121A (en) 1930-07-19 1931-06-20 Process of annealing and zinc coating ferrous articles

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US (1) US1942121A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE381042A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB345598A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441776A (en) * 1938-10-21 1948-05-18 Freeport Sulphur Co Process of metal coating metal articles
US2592282A (en) * 1948-06-10 1952-04-08 Granite City Steel Company Inc Continuous process of preparing and metal coating rolled steel
US2817312A (en) * 1955-04-11 1957-12-24 Thor H Westby Hot dip coating apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441776A (en) * 1938-10-21 1948-05-18 Freeport Sulphur Co Process of metal coating metal articles
US2592282A (en) * 1948-06-10 1952-04-08 Granite City Steel Company Inc Continuous process of preparing and metal coating rolled steel
US2817312A (en) * 1955-04-11 1957-12-24 Thor H Westby Hot dip coating apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE381042A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1931-08-31
GB345598A (en) 1931-03-26

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