US1673624A - Treatment of metals - Google Patents
Treatment of metals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1673624A US1673624A US63A US6325A US1673624A US 1673624 A US1673624 A US 1673624A US 63 A US63 A US 63A US 6325 A US6325 A US 6325A US 1673624 A US1673624 A US 1673624A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- bath
- aluminum
- metal
- dross
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 32
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 32
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 iron or copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WWYNJERNGUHSAO-XUDSTZEESA-N (+)-Norgestrel Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](CC)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 WWYNJERNGUHSAO-XUDSTZEESA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0034—Details related to elements immersed in bath
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/003—Apparatus
- C23C2/0036—Crucibles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/024—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by cleaning or etching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
- Y10S118/19—Wire and cord immersion
Definitions
- My invention relates to the treatment of metals to prevent oxidation such as will ordinarily occur at high temperatures, and has for its object a continuous process of I treating metals for this purpose.
- my invention relates to the protection of metals, such as iron or copper, from oxidation and high temperatures, by means of a surface coating of anll) other metal, such as aluminum, which forms a surface alloy with the metal to be pro-
- metals such as iron or copper
- aluminum which forms a surface alloy with the metal to be pro-
- the aluminum is applied in powdered form at high temperatures, Where the metal to be 1% protected is in the form of a long; wire or red, however, it would be advantageous to apply the aluminum by passing thewire or rod continuously through a bath of molten aluminum, With this method, however, the
- Fig. 1 is a view m y in section showing the treatment of a wire in accordance with my invention
- Fig. 2 is a diagrammatical'view showing the surface of the bath as the wire 3 and 4 are ahowingdetails of the apparatus of ficferring to the drawing, in carrying out my invention I provide a suitable crucible which is a molten bath 11 of the treating metal, for example, aluminum.
- the crucible can conveniently be placed in a suitable electric furnace 12 provided with a resistance-heatingconductor whereby the aluminum is maintained inv a molten state throughout the treating p
- the wire 14 which is tobe a coating oi another treating metal is preferably first coated with a suitable metal which alloys readily with both. the foundation metal of the wire and the treating metal.
- Metals suitable for this intermediate alloying metal are Zinc, tin and nickel.
- tin is preferably used as the intermediate alloying metal
- nickel is preferably used as the intermediate alloying metal. This intermediate alloying metal may be applied in any well known manner.
- the wire 14 having first been given a coating of a suitable intermediate alloying motel, is fed from a spool 15 downward into the bath oi molten aluminum, around a guide 16, and then upward out of the bath and thence over a gulde pulley 17 to a suitable spool, not shown, on which the treated wire is wound.
- a suitable bracket 18 is provided which extends downward into the molten aluminum and forms a support ⁇ or the guide lfi.
- the guide 16 is provided with flanges 16.
- molten aluminum oxidizes very rapidly and the oxide of aluminum has substantially the same gravity as the pure aluminum It therefore is mixed with the pure aluminum throughout the bath.
- the dross consisting of the oxide of aluminum and other impurities, is drawn along with the wire and tends to collect at the surface.
- the accumulation of this dross at the surface forms a rising meniscus about the wire, as indicated at 19, Fig. 2. This meniscus gradually builds up and cools until finally a portion of dross adheres to-the wire and is drawn ed with it. This results in lumps of dross at intervals on the wire.
- a hydrogen burner secured on a suitable bracket 21.
- This burner is adjusted so as to roject its flame 22 on the accumulation of dross formed around the wireas it emerges from the bath.
- the efiect of the'heat from the flame 22 is to break down the accumulation of dross and prevent its adhering to the wire.
- This action of the flame on the rising meniscus is indicated at 23, Fig. 2.
- the blowing action of the current of hot gases of the flame has an appreciable effect in dissipating the accumulation of dross.
- the dross is broken down by the heat into a powdered form and there is a tendency for this powder to be blown to one side by the flame.
- baffles 24 and 25 which are submerged in the molten aluminum and secured to the bracket 18 at suitable intervals.
- These baflles are horizontally disposed and are provided with slots 26 and 27 through which the wire passes in its journey upward out of the molten aluminum.
- These baflles. present substantially horizontal flat reflecting surfaces on their lower sides. Their action is to deflect the dross in the molten aluminum, which is drawn along by friction with the rapidly moving wire, and thereby prevent the dross from being drawn to the surface to some extent, and also to set up a circulation of molten aluminum in the crucible whereby the hottest molten aluminum is brought into contactwith the wire.
- the coating of aluminum has been successfully applied with the wire passing through the bath at the rate of 40 to 60 feet per minute.
- the aluminum may not alloy with the metal of the wire to any considerable extent when it is applied since it will alloy mainly with the intermediate coating of tin or other metal on the wire.
- the aluminum Upon the subsequent application of heat when the wire it put in use however, the aluminum penetrates the foundation metal of the wire and alloys therewith, thus forming a heat resisting surface coating.
- Apparatus for applying a coating of metal to an attenuated metallic article comprising a crucible, a quantity of said metal in said crucible, means for heating said metal to form a molten bath, means for passing the article to be coated through said bath, and means for heatmg the surface of said bath at the point of emergence of said article.
- Apparatus for applying a coating of aluminum to a wire comprismg a crucible containing a bath of molten aluminum, means for passing the wire downward into said bath and then upward out of said bath,
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Description
G. H. HOWE TREATMENT OF METALS June 12, 1928.
Filed Jan. 2, 1925 M; m? H MM m a nun .r en m EVM Ll A d 0 B 0 6 H 5 Q a w w emerges therefrom; while Figs Patented June 12, 1928.
UNITED STATES 1,673,624 PATET OFFICE.
ooonwm n. sown,- or 803mm, .naw Yer-x, assronoa no commas nnso'rarc courm, a ccaronarrcrr or saw some.
BREATHE-NT Application filed January 2, 1225. Serial Ho. 63.
My invention relates to the treatment of metals to prevent oxidation such as will ordinarily occur at high temperatures, and has for its object a continuous process of I treating metals for this purpose.
More specifically, my invention relates to the protection of metals, such as iron or copper, from oxidation and high temperatures, by means of a surface coating of anll) other metal, such as aluminum, which forms a surface alloy with the metal to be pro- In accordance with one method the aluminum is applied in powdered form at high temperatures, Where the metal to be 1% protected is in the form of a long; wire or red, however, it would be advantageous to apply the aluminum by passing thewire or rod continuously through a bath of molten aluminum, With this method, however, the
so in the molten aluminum tends to collect at the Quint where the wire emerges from the but and cling to the wire, forming lumps at in carrying out my invention, 1 ass the so wire continuously through a bath molten aluminum and heat the surface of the bath at the int where the wire emerges there-v from w erebv do its of dress on the wire are preven have also provided bellies 30 whereby deposits of aluminum are further prevented and the molten aluminum caused to circulate.
For a more complete understanding of my invention, reference-should be had to the u accompan g drawing in which Fig. 1 is a view m y in section showing the treatment of a wire in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a diagrammatical'view showing the surface of the bath as the wire 3 and 4 are ahowingdetails of the apparatus of ficferring to the drawing, in carrying out my invention I provide a suitable crucible which is a molten bath 11 of the treating metal, for example, aluminum. As shown, the crucible can conveniently be placed in a suitable electric furnace 12 provided with a resistance-heatingconductor whereby the aluminum is maintained inv a molten state throughout the treating p The wire 14 which is tobe a coating oi another treating metal is preferably first coated with a suitable metal which alloys readily with both. the foundation metal of the wire and the treating metal. Metals suitable for this intermediate alloying metal are Zinc, tin and nickel. When aluminum is the treating metal and the wire is made of iron, tin is preferably used as the intermediate alloying metal, and when a copper Wire is to be treated nickel is preferably used as the intermediate alloying metal. This intermediate alloying metal may be applied in any well known manner.
As shown, the wire 14, having first been given a coating of a suitable intermediate alloying motel, is fed from a spool 15 downward into the bath oi molten aluminum, around a guide 16, and then upward out of the bath and thence over a gulde pulley 17 to a suitable spool, not shown, on which the treated wire is wound. A suitable bracket 18 is provided which extends downward into the molten aluminum and forms a support {or the guide lfi. The guide 16 is provided with flanges 16.
As is well known, molten aluminum oxidizes very rapidly and the oxide of aluminum has substantially the same gravity as the pure aluminum It therefore is mixed with the pure aluminum throughout the bath. As the wire is drawn through the aluminum, the dross, consisting of the oxide of aluminum and other impurities, is drawn along with the wire and tends to collect at the surface. The accumulation of this dross at the surface forms a rising meniscus about the wire, as indicated at 19, Fig. 2. This meniscus gradually builds up and cools until finally a portion of dross adheres to-the wire and is drawn ed with it. This results in lumps of dross at intervals on the wire.
In accordance with my invention, I pre-' vent the formation of these lumps of dross ,on the wire by suitably heating the surface of the molten aluminum bath at the point where the wit emerges. For example, provide a hydrogen burner secured on a suitable bracket 21.: This burner is adjusted so as to roject its flame 22 on the accumulation of dross formed around the wireas it emerges from the bath. The efiect of the'heat from the flame 22 is to break down the accumulation of dross and prevent its adhering to the wire. This action of the flame on the rising meniscus is indicated at 23, Fig. 2. Furthermore, the blowing action of the current of hot gases of the flame has an appreciable effect in dissipating the accumulation of dross. The dross is broken down by the heat into a powdered form and there is a tendency for this powder to be blown to one side by the flame.
I have also provided baffles 24 and 25 which are submerged in the molten aluminum and secured to the bracket 18 at suitable intervals. These baflles are horizontally disposed and are provided with slots 26 and 27 through which the wire passes in its journey upward out of the molten aluminum. These baflles. present substantially horizontal flat reflecting surfaces on their lower sides. Their action is to deflect the dross in the molten aluminum, which is drawn along by friction with the rapidly moving wire, and thereby prevent the dross from being drawn to the surface to some extent, and also to set up a circulation of molten aluminum in the crucible whereby the hottest molten aluminum is brought into contactwith the wire.
With this method, the coating of aluminum has been successfully applied with the wire passing through the bath at the rate of 40 to 60 feet per minute. The aluminum may not alloy with the metal of the wire to any considerable extent when it is applied since it will alloy mainly with the intermediate coating of tin or other metal on the wire. Upon the subsequent application of heat when the wire it put in use however, the aluminum penetrates the foundation metal of the wire and alloys therewith, thus forming a heat resisting surface coating.
While I have described my invention as embodied in concrete form and as operating in a specific manner in accordance with the rovisions of the Patent Statutes, it should e understood that I do not limit my invention thereto, since various modifications thereof will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of m invention, the scope of which is set fort 1 in the annexed claims.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,
1. The process of coating an attenuated metallic article with another metal which consists in heating a quantity of said metal to form a molten bath thereof, passing the article through the molten bath, and applying additional heat to the surface of the bath at the point where the article emerges to prevent the formation of deposits of dross on said article.
2. The process of coating a .wire with another metal which consists in heating a quantity of said metal to form a molten bath thereof, passin the wire through the molten bath, and app ying additional heat to the surface of the bath at the point where the wire emerges to prevent-the formation of deposits of dross onsaid wire.
3. The process of coating a wire with another metal which consists in heating a quantity of said metal to'form a molten bath thereof, passing the wire through the bath, and directing a gas flame onto the surface of said both at the point where the wire emerges therefrom to prevent the formation of deposits of dross on the wire.
4. The process of treating a wire to render it inoxidizable at high temperatures which consists in passing the wire through a bath of molten aluminum while heating the surface of the bath at the point where the wire emerges therefrom to prevent the formation of deposits of dross on the wire.
5. The process of applying a coating of aluminum to a wire which consists in passing the wire continuousl through a path of molten aluminum while irecting a gas flame on said bath at the point where thewire emerges therefrom to prevent the accumulation of deposits of dross on said wire.
6. The process of applying a coating of aluminum to a wire which consists in applying a coating of an intermediate alloying metal, and then passing the wire through a bath of molten aluminum while applying a source of heat to said bath at the point of emergence of the wire therefrom to prevent the formation of deposits of dross on the wire.
7. The process of treating an iron wire to render it inoxidizable at high temperatures which consists in applying a coating of tin to said wire, and then passing the tinned wire through a bath of molten aluminum while heating the surface of the molten aluminum at the point where the wire emerges therefrom to prevent the formation of deposits of dress on the wire. 0
8. The process of treating an iron wire to render it inoxidizable at high temperatures which consists in ap lying a coating of tin to said wire, and t en passing the tinned wire through a bath of molten aluminum while directing a gas flame on the surface of said bath at the point where the wire emerges therefrom' to prevent the formation of deposits of dress on the wire.
9. Apparatus for applying a coating of metal to an attenuated metallic article comprising a crucible, a quantity of said metal in said crucible, means for heating said metal to form a molten bath, means for passing the article to be coated through said bath, and means for heatmg the surface of said bath at the point of emergence of said article.
10. Apparatus for applying a coating of aluminum to a wire comprismg a crucible containing a bath of molten aluminum, means for passing the wire downward into said bath and then upward out of said bath,
Ill
end means for heating the surface of said a bafile cooperating with said wire as it bath at the point where the wire emerges moves upward to set up a circulation of the w there-from molten aluminum in said but and means 11. Apparatus for applying a coating of for heating the surface of said bath at the aluminum to a wire comprising a crucible point where the wire emerges therefrom. containing a bath 0f molten aluminum, In witness whereof, I have hereunto sei; means for passing the wire downward into my hand this 31st day of December, 19%. said bath and then upward out of said bath, GOQDWIN H. HOWE.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US63A US1673624A (en) | 1925-01-02 | 1925-01-02 | Treatment of metals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US63A US1673624A (en) | 1925-01-02 | 1925-01-02 | Treatment of metals |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US1673624A true US1673624A (en) | 1928-06-12 |
Family
ID=21689737
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US63A Expired - Lifetime US1673624A (en) | 1925-01-02 | 1925-01-02 | Treatment of metals |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1673624A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2526731A (en) * | 1945-02-13 | 1950-10-24 | Armco Steel Corp | Method of and apparatus for coating metallic strands with a metal coating |
US2964419A (en) * | 1958-03-27 | 1960-12-13 | United States Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for producing anti-skid tread plate |
US2967114A (en) * | 1958-07-22 | 1961-01-03 | Nat Steel Corp | Coating apparatus and method |
US2993804A (en) * | 1959-03-13 | 1961-07-25 | Yawata Iron & Steel Co | Surface treatment for metal coated objects |
US3468695A (en) * | 1964-07-02 | 1969-09-23 | Alfred P Federman | Method of coating a steel base with aluminum |
US3934063A (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-01-20 | Anchor Hocking Corporation | Flame masking of glass articles for metal oxide film deposition |
-
1925
- 1925-01-02 US US63A patent/US1673624A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2526731A (en) * | 1945-02-13 | 1950-10-24 | Armco Steel Corp | Method of and apparatus for coating metallic strands with a metal coating |
US2964419A (en) * | 1958-03-27 | 1960-12-13 | United States Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for producing anti-skid tread plate |
US2967114A (en) * | 1958-07-22 | 1961-01-03 | Nat Steel Corp | Coating apparatus and method |
US2993804A (en) * | 1959-03-13 | 1961-07-25 | Yawata Iron & Steel Co | Surface treatment for metal coated objects |
US3468695A (en) * | 1964-07-02 | 1969-09-23 | Alfred P Federman | Method of coating a steel base with aluminum |
US3934063A (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-01-20 | Anchor Hocking Corporation | Flame masking of glass articles for metal oxide film deposition |
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