US1925508A - Sensitizing agent for photographic emulsions - Google Patents
Sensitizing agent for photographic emulsions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1925508A US1925508A US521880A US52188031A US1925508A US 1925508 A US1925508 A US 1925508A US 521880 A US521880 A US 521880A US 52188031 A US52188031 A US 52188031A US 1925508 A US1925508 A US 1925508A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- photographic emulsions
- hypersensitizing
- sensitizing agent
- substance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title description 38
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- -1 alkyl amino propyl alcohol Chemical compound 0.000 description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 5
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl alcohol Natural products CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Natural products CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000234282 Allium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004890 malting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
- G03C1/10—Organic substances
Definitions
- a sensitizer we imply any substance which, added to the emulsion, confers on it a range of sensitivity not already inherent in such emulsion.
- a hypersensitizer we indicate a substance which, introduced into the emulsion at any stage, either at the time of. malting or later, asfor instance by bathing, enhances as previously present. Therefore, a sensitizer, for example, produces a sensitivity to 'a certain band of the spectrum or wave length range, which the emulsion would not otherwise have possessed.
- the emulsion may have been relatively I insensitive to any or all wave lengths without the addition of the sensitizer.
- a hypersensitizer increases the total sensitivity of the emulsion but in the sense in which we usethis 40 term, it does not usually changeor extend the sensitivity range. That is, while the spectral range to which the emulsion is sensitive remains the same, the sensitivity in this range is usually greatly increased.
- triethanolamine is a compound not hitherto known for the purpose and useful as a hypersensitizer and sensitizer and one which moreover confers valuable properties on an emulsion.
- Equivalent substances are the other substituted ammonia compounds ,in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by a hydroxyalkyl group and the other nitrogen bonds not so satisfied join the nitrogen atom to hydrogen or an alkyl group. These substances may be more tersely described as alkyl amino propyl alcohol.
- amines containing one or more hydroxyalkyl groups This classification will include the hydroxyalkyl amines and alkyl amino alcohols. Examples of this group are: Monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, p-diethylamino ethyl alcohol, diethyalamino propyl alcohol, and ⁇ -diethyl- The chemical structure of these substances follows:
- the substance may be added to or incorporated in the ingredients of the support. This method has been disclosed in our co-pending application and is particularly useful where the substance is also of value in the support itself. This is true, for example, of triethanolamine. which renders a support of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate more flexible.
- the action appears to be that when the support has been coated with a light sensitive emulsion the emulsion will gradually be sensitized or hypersensitized upon standing by the gradual transfusion of some of the hypersensitizer into the emulsion coating of the film.
- the substance may be introduced into the emulsion by bathing. We have also disclosed this method in our previous application. To carry out this method it is only necessary to prepare a solution of the hypersensitizer in distilled water, bathe the plate or film in this solution for a short time, and then dry it.
- the substance may be incorporated in the emulsion. This will be valuable in certain cases for hypersensitizing, and in certain others will be more valuable for the improvement of other physical characteristics.
- Method 1 Fifty grams of acetone soluble cellulose acetate are dissolved in a mixture of 215 cc. of acetone and 10 cc. of triethanolamine for the production of a good acetate dope giving a film of a high degree of flexibility. After forming, this support is then dried and coated with the desired emulsion. A satisfactory support may also be produced by dissolving 50 grams of acetone soluble cellulose acetate in a mixture of 225 cc. of acetone and 2.5 cc. of triethanolamine.
- Method 2 For the ordinary purposes of hypersensitizing, as for example, hypersensitizing panchromatic film by bathing, the procedure is as follows: A solution of the hypersensitizer of about the concentration range 0.2 to 0.5% in distilled water is made. To this solution it may be desirable to add about 1% of Ethyl Alcohol if the solution is not perfectly clear. In this solution the panchromatic film is bathed for approximately two minutes at 45 degrees Fahrenheit. After bathing the film is squeegeed with moist cotton and dried at 70 degrees Fahrenheit with air circulated by an electric fan. It will be obvious that in this method the concentration of the hypersensitizing bath and the time of bathing are variable and may be adjusted to give most satisfactory results.
- hypersensitizers here described is the fact that plates or films treated with them may be kept a relatively long time before use. Heretofore hypersensitized plates could be used only a short time immediately after the hypersensitizing step.
- Plates or films prepared according to this invention are useful for weeks.
- a photographic sensitive element including asilver halide emulsion layer which contains an alkyl amine containing one or more hydroxyalkyl groups. 2.
- a photographic sensitive element comprising a support and a silver halide layer containing an alkyl amine having one or more hydroxyalkyl groups.
- a photographic sensitive element comprising a silver halide emulsion layer and a support containing a cellulose derivative and an alkyl amine having one or more hydroxyalkyl groups, at least a portion of which has diffused into the emulsion.
- a photographic sensitive element including a silver halide emulsion layer which contains a substituted ammonia compound in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by 4 a hydroxyalkyl group and the other nitrogen bonds
- Method 3. The substance may be incorporated not so satisfied join the nitrogen atom to hydrogen or an alkyl group.
- a photographic sensitive element comprising a silver halide emulsion layer, said emulsion containing triethanolamine.
- a photographic sensitive element comprising a 'silver halide emulsion layer, and a support containing a cellulose derivative and triethanolamine, at least a portion of which has diffused from the support into the emulsion layer.
- a photographic sensitive element including a silver halide emulsion layer which contains a sensitizing dye and an alkyl amine containing one or more hydroxy alkyl groups.
- a photographic sensitive element including a silver halide emulsion layer which contains a sensitizing dye and triethanolamine.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US521880A US1925508A (en) | 1931-03-11 | 1931-03-11 | Sensitizing agent for photographic emulsions |
| FR732933D FR732933A (fr) | 1931-03-11 | 1932-03-10 | Perfectionnements aux films, pellicules et autres produits photographiques sensibilisés, ainsi qu'aux sensibilisateurs pour ces produits |
| DEK124646D DE571692C (de) | 1931-03-11 | 1932-03-11 | Verfahren zum UEbersensibilisieren von photographischen Filmen |
| GB7379/32A GB392324A (en) | 1931-03-11 | 1932-03-11 | Improvements in photographic sensitive materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US521880A US1925508A (en) | 1931-03-11 | 1931-03-11 | Sensitizing agent for photographic emulsions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1925508A true US1925508A (en) | 1933-09-05 |
Family
ID=24078522
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US521880A Expired - Lifetime US1925508A (en) | 1931-03-11 | 1931-03-11 | Sensitizing agent for photographic emulsions |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1925508A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE571692C (de) |
| FR (1) | FR732933A (de) |
| GB (1) | GB392324A (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2449153A (en) * | 1944-04-03 | 1948-09-14 | Urbach Franz | Photographic silver bromide emulsion sensitized with cysteine |
| US3128183A (en) * | 1960-06-17 | 1964-04-07 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic halide emulsions sensitized with alkylene oxide polymers and aliphatic amines |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1282444B (de) * | 1964-07-07 | 1969-03-13 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Fotografisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial mit einem Netzmittel |
-
1931
- 1931-03-11 US US521880A patent/US1925508A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1932
- 1932-03-10 FR FR732933D patent/FR732933A/fr not_active Expired
- 1932-03-11 DE DEK124646D patent/DE571692C/de not_active Expired
- 1932-03-11 GB GB7379/32A patent/GB392324A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2449153A (en) * | 1944-04-03 | 1948-09-14 | Urbach Franz | Photographic silver bromide emulsion sensitized with cysteine |
| US3128183A (en) * | 1960-06-17 | 1964-04-07 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic halide emulsions sensitized with alkylene oxide polymers and aliphatic amines |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE571692C (de) | 1933-03-03 |
| GB392324A (en) | 1933-05-18 |
| FR732933A (fr) | 1932-09-28 |
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