US1811734A - Planographic printing plate having mercurialized ink refusing areas for photomechanical printing - Google Patents

Planographic printing plate having mercurialized ink refusing areas for photomechanical printing Download PDF

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Publication number
US1811734A
US1811734A US182059A US18205927A US1811734A US 1811734 A US1811734 A US 1811734A US 182059 A US182059 A US 182059A US 18205927 A US18205927 A US 18205927A US 1811734 A US1811734 A US 1811734A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
areas
plate
printing
chromium
copper
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US182059A
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English (en)
Inventor
Trist Arthur Ronald
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WILLIAM Y DEAR
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WILLIAM Y DEAR
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Publication date
Application filed by WILLIAM Y DEAR filed Critical WILLIAM Y DEAR
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Publication of US1811734A publication Critical patent/US1811734A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B41C1/16—Formes with areas rendered ink-resistant by covering with an amalgam; Printing plates for amalgam printing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12847—Cr-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
    • Y10T428/12917—Next to Fe-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12986—Adjacent functionally defined components

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in planographic printing plates having mercurialized ink refusing areas for photomechanical printing.
  • the invention has for one of its ob1ects a. printing plate capable of being produced more rapidly and with more faclllty, thereby rendering it particularly useful for newspaper printing and the like.
  • Another object of the invention is the production of such a plate at lower cost and by less skilled labour than has been possible heretofore.
  • a further object of the invention is the production of such a plate capable of effectmg more perfect impressions and at the hlghest printing speeds.
  • the invention has particular reference to planographic printing plates comprlsing a metal base plate, an under layer of metal to which mercury will adhere and an upper layer of metal to which mercury will not adhere, said upper layer of metal being etched away locally so as to form recesses which are filled with mercurial amalgam to produce a printing plate having printing areas and mercurialized non printing areas.
  • the invention consists in the formation of the recesses by dissolving away portions of the upper layer unprotected by resists by an etching fluid which chemically does not affect to any appreciable extentthe under layer of metal.
  • the invention is further characterized by 1 and modifications may be introduced in order to produce a printing plate adapted to suit amp particular printing requirements.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross section through an improved plate constructed in accordance with this invention, the layers being diagrammatically illustrated in such a way as to clearly show the different layers;
  • Fig. 2 is a cross section of a similar plate showing local resists thereon, said local resists having been produced and deposited in any well known manner;
  • Fig. 3 illustrates such a plate after the differential etching has been effected:
  • Fig. 4 is a cross section through the improved plate after the resists produced by the etching process have been filled with a metallic deposit
  • Fig. 5 is a cross section through the improved plate in its finished state.
  • the improved printing plate is to be used upon a printing machine having a magnetic bed, a base plate a of iron or mild steel is employed, said base plate a of iron receiving a coating of copper, c which in turn is coated with metallic chromium d.
  • the finished plate shall not blister or be otherwise disintegrated by the steps in the formation of the printing surface, and to achieve that end it is essential that the copper layer 0 shall firmly adhere to the iron base a.
  • the sheet of iron or steel is removed from the bath, washed and placed in a suitable bath for a short period of time to electrolytically deposit a thin layer I) of nickel thereon.
  • This thin layer 6 of nickel ensures that the final coating 0 of copper shall have the greatest possible adhesion to the iron base a as it has been found that the adherence between copper and iron is materially increased if a thin layer of nickel is introduced.
  • the sheet is removed from the sulphate of copper bath, washed and introduced into a bath containing any standard chromium electrolyte, such, for example, as that described by Sargent.
  • a very thin layer (Z of chromium is deposited upon the copper'surface from this bath by means of a current of about one hundred and twenty-five amperes per square foot, and when the deposit d of chromium is from one to two ten thousandths part of an inch in thickness, after suitable washing, the prep aration of the plate is finished.
  • any ordinary resist for example, burnt-in enamel
  • any ordinary resist for example, burnt-in enamel
  • a light sensitive enamel is applied to the surface of the plate.
  • the light sensitive surface is then exposed to the negative containing the image to be printed, preferably by means of a point source of light.
  • the exposed surface is then developed in the well known manner to leave the chromium non-printing areas exposed, the enamel remaining on the surface of the plate in the printing areas.
  • the chromium layer (2 unprotected by enamel is now dissolved or etched away by immersing the plate in an etching medium which has a selective action on the chromium of the layer (2 relative to the copper of the under layer 0.
  • Hydrochloric acid solution has been found to be suitably selective, inasmuch as it will dissolve chromium much more readily than copper, indeed, so far as this invention is concerned, the copper may be said to be unaffected either by the hydrochloric acid solution or by the chemical compound formed during the etching of the upper layer.
  • the plate may be left in the acid solution sufiiciently long to completely remove the exposed chromium from the smallest areas without fear that any copper will be dissolved away from the larger areas, which are freed from the chromium more quickly.
  • the solution of hydrochloric acid which has been found to give the best results is composed of one volume of pure concentrated hydrochloric ac d solution and three volumes of commercial glycerine.
  • the plate after being washed is treated with a solution of a salt of a metal, or salts of metals, with which mercury will amalgamate, such, for example, as cyanide of gold, cyanide of silver, or other salt of gold or silver, which will leave a firmly adherent deposit 7 of gold or silver on the exposed parts of the layer 0 cl copper.
  • a salt of a metal or salts of metals, with which mercury will amalgamate, such, for example, as cyanide of gold, cyanide of silver, or other salt of gold or silver, which will leave a firmly adherent deposit 7 of gold or silver on the exposed parts of the layer 0 cl copper.
  • a current may be passed through the printing plate as a cathode whilst in the solution so as to increase the thickness of the layer 7 of metal, such as gold or silver, until it exactly fills up the recesses formed by the etching fluid, with the result that finally the upper surface of the metal deposit or deposits 7 is exactly level with the outer surface of the chromium layer d.
  • metal such as gold or silver
  • the plate After washing and drying, the plate is polished with mercury and chalk, resulting in the deposition of mercury on the gold or silver, thus forming an amalgam in the nonprinting areas which will refuse printers ink.
  • metals other than iron, copper and chromium may be employed.
  • the iron plate may be substituted by a plate of other metal, similarly the chromium and copper may be replaced by other metals which can be differentially etched in the manner explained pro vided that the metal substituted for chromium is unaffected by mercury, whilst the metal substituted for copper will amalgamate with mercury.
  • An improved planographic printing plate comprising a metal base plate, an under layer of metal, an upper layer of metal which is unaffected by mercury and which is locally etched away to leave printing areas, said up- 1 iii per layer of metal being soluble in an ctching fluid which does not substantially dissolve the under layer of metal to which mercury will adhere, and mercurialized nonprinting areas, characterized by the use of an iron base plate having a firmly adherent electrolytically deposited under layer of copper thereon, said layer of copper having an electrolytically deposited upper layer of chromium adapted, after etching, to serve as a printing surface.
  • An improved planographic printing plate comprising an iron base plate, an under layer of copper, an upper layer of chromium ada ted, after etching, to serve as a printing surface, and mercurialized non-printing areas characterized by an electrolytically deposited layer of nickel being introduced between the iron base plate and the under layer of copper.
  • An improved planographic printing plate comprising a base plate of ferrous and magnetic material, having a surface thereof stripped by anodic action, a layer of nickel on said anodically stripped surface, an under layer of copper and an upper. layer of chromium, recesses in the layer of chromium, exposing the layer of copper thercthrough, and a filling of silver amalgamated with mercury in each of the recesses.
  • An improved planographic printing plate comprising ink retaining areas of chromium and ink refusing areas of mercurial amalgam supported on copper.
  • An improved planographic printing plate comprising ink retaining areas of chromium and ink refusing areas of mercurial amalgam supported on copper, said areas of chromium being electroplated on said copper and said areas of amalgam being held in recesses on said copper.
  • a process of producing printing plates having ink retaining areas formed of chromium and ink refusing areas formed of a mercurial amalgam supported by copper characterized in, after the ap lication of local resists to the outer layer 0 chromium, the
  • an etching fluid composed of hydrochloric acid solution and glycerine, to expose the copper which is then mercurialized.
  • a planographic printing plate comprising printing areas of chromium, and nonprlnting areas of mercurial amalgam.
  • a planographic printing plate comprising printing areas of chromium, recesses in said chromium areas, said recesses containing mercurial amalgam, and said mercurial amalgam forming the non-printing areas of said plate.
  • a planographic printing plate comprising printing areas of chromium and nonprinting areas of mercuryamalgamated with a precious metal.
  • a planographic printing plate comprising printing areas of chromium and nonprinting areas of mercury amalgamated with silver.
  • a planographic printing plate comprising printing areas of chromium, recesses in said chromium areas, said recesses containing mercury-silver amalgam, and said mercury silver amalgam forming the non-printing areas of said plate.
  • the method of producing a planographic printing plate having mercurial nonprinting areas which comprises electro-plating chromium upon a metallic base, applying a resist printing surface to the surface of said chromium, etching away said chromium in the non-printing areas of said plate, by exposure to an etching fluid containing hydrochlori'c acid and glycerine, and filling in the etched away portions of said plate with a mercury-silver amalgam.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
US182059A 1926-05-18 1927-04-08 Planographic printing plate having mercurialized ink refusing areas for photomechanical printing Expired - Lifetime US1811734A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB12726/26A GB276070A (en) 1926-05-18 1926-05-18 Improvements in and relating to planographic printing plates having mercurised ink refusing areas for photo-mechanical printing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1811734A true US1811734A (en) 1931-06-23

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US182059A Expired - Lifetime US1811734A (en) 1926-05-18 1927-04-08 Planographic printing plate having mercurialized ink refusing areas for photomechanical printing

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US (1) US1811734A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE342111A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE460810C (en(2012))
FR (1) FR634099A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB276070A (en(2012))

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2678299A (en) * 1946-10-04 1954-05-11 Printing Dev Inc Method of making planographic printing plates
US3220837A (en) * 1955-07-22 1965-11-30 Polaroid Corp Diffusion transfer to stratum of a silver image inked and used in printing
US3478684A (en) * 1965-11-22 1969-11-18 Schafler Armando B Planographic printing plates
US3865595A (en) * 1972-11-09 1975-02-11 Howson Algraphy Ltd Lithographic printing plates
US4119035A (en) * 1976-10-28 1978-10-10 Roland Offsetmaschinenfabrik Faber & Schleicher Ag. Printing plate
US5609967A (en) * 1994-01-12 1997-03-11 Kayoh Technical Industry Co., Ltd. Decorative plate
US6629292B1 (en) 2000-10-06 2003-09-30 International Business Machines Corporation Method for forming graphical images in semiconductor devices

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL49568C (en(2012)) * 1936-12-23

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2678299A (en) * 1946-10-04 1954-05-11 Printing Dev Inc Method of making planographic printing plates
US3220837A (en) * 1955-07-22 1965-11-30 Polaroid Corp Diffusion transfer to stratum of a silver image inked and used in printing
US3478684A (en) * 1965-11-22 1969-11-18 Schafler Armando B Planographic printing plates
US3865595A (en) * 1972-11-09 1975-02-11 Howson Algraphy Ltd Lithographic printing plates
US4119035A (en) * 1976-10-28 1978-10-10 Roland Offsetmaschinenfabrik Faber & Schleicher Ag. Printing plate
US5609967A (en) * 1994-01-12 1997-03-11 Kayoh Technical Industry Co., Ltd. Decorative plate
US6629292B1 (en) 2000-10-06 2003-09-30 International Business Machines Corporation Method for forming graphical images in semiconductor devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE460810C (de) 1928-06-09
BE342111A (en(2012))
FR634099A (fr) 1928-02-09
GB276070A (en) 1927-08-18

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