US1803351A - Reversible feed mechanism for machine guns - Google Patents

Reversible feed mechanism for machine guns Download PDF

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Publication number
US1803351A
US1803351A US455019A US45501930A US1803351A US 1803351 A US1803351 A US 1803351A US 455019 A US455019 A US 455019A US 45501930 A US45501930 A US 45501930A US 1803351 A US1803351 A US 1803351A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
breech bolt
cam
breech
cartridge
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US455019A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frederick T Moore
Pfeiffer Christian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Colts Manufacturing Co Inc
Original Assignee
Colts Manufacturing Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL37158D priority Critical patent/NL37158C/xx
Priority to US19159D priority patent/USRE19159E/en
Application filed by Colts Manufacturing Co Inc filed Critical Colts Manufacturing Co Inc
Priority to US455019A priority patent/US1803351A/en
Priority to GB1130/31A priority patent/GB365315A/en
Priority to DEC44514D priority patent/DE541432C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1803351A publication Critical patent/US1803351A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/29—Feeding of belted ammunition
    • F41A9/32—Reciprocating-slide-type belt transporters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/37—Feeding two or more kinds of ammunition to the same gun; Feeding from two sides

Definitions

  • the principal object ofthe present invention is to provide a simple and reliable mechanism whereby feeding in eitherdirection maybe effected.
  • the -construction is such that reversal of the direction of feed may be effected without the use of any additional or substitute parts.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through a machine gun embodying the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view.
  • Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing certain parts of the feed mechanism in different positions.
  • Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional View taken along the line 5,.-5 of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 6 is a detail plan view of the breech bolt.
  • Fig. 7 is a View similar to Fig. 6 but showing the movable cam elementvin a'dii'erent position.
  • Fig. 8 is a front view of the breech bolt.
  • the machine gun as shown in th drawing comprises a breech casing 1 which .contains the breech mechanism, this casing being rectangular inform and having two side plates 2, 2 connected at the front with a trunnion block 3.
  • the rear part of the bottom of the casing is closed by a transverse bottom plate 4 andlthe rear part of the top of the casing is closed by the topplate 5.
  • a cover 6 pivoted at 7 so that it can be swung upward to expose the interior parts.
  • the casing is closed at the rear by means of a plate 8 which is vertically movable in grooves (not shown) formed in the two side plates 2.
  • the plate 8 is held in place by a manually releasable pivoted latch 9.
  • the plate 8 carries a buffer mechanism indicated as an entirety by 10.
  • a barrel 11 Projecting from the casing at the front is a barrel 11 which upon recoil is lnovablerearu ward to a limited extent.
  • the barrel extends through a bearing aperture 12 in the trunnion block 3 and it has another bearin at or near the forward end of the barrel jac et 13, the said jacket being carried by a flange 14 formed on the trunnion block.
  • a barrel extension 15 Connected with the barrel 11 at the rear end thereof and bodily movable therewith is a barrel extension 15.
  • This barrel extension comprisesI two integrally formed side members which are connected at the rear by a recessed cross member 15a.
  • breech bolt 16 Mounted on the barrel extension for longitudinal movement independently thereof is a breech bolt 16.
  • This breech bolt is provided at its opposite sides with longitudinal tongues 16a adapted to enter longitudinal grooves formed in the side members of the barrel eX- tension.
  • a reaction spring 17 is provided which extends into a longitudinal opening 18 in the breech bolt and which tends to'hold the' in the forward direction.
  • a lock frame 19 comprising two side members lying closely adjacent the side walls 2 of the casing.
  • a transverse block 20 secured to the bottom wall 4.
  • the lock bolt 21 is held in its upper locking position by means of the transverse block 20, but when the barrel extension and breech bolt move rearward, the said lock bolt is moved downward by means of cam surfaces 22 formed at the forward ends of the p lock frame 19. rlhis permits the breech bolt to move rearward 'independent of the barrel extension. l When the parts are returned to their forward positions the lock bolt 21 is again moved to locking position by means of the cam surfaces 23 on the block 20.
  • a rock lever or accelerator 24 having a convex forward facing surface adapted to be engaged by the rear surface of the barrel extension.
  • the accelerator 24 is moved in the counter-clockwise direction.
  • the upper end Y of the accelerator engages the surface 25 on the breech bolt and the accelerator thus serves to assist or accelerate the rearward movement of the bolt, acting as a means for transmitting the energy of the relatively heavy barrel extension and barrel to the lighter breech bolt.
  • Firing is effected by means of a trigger 26 acting through a lever 27.
  • an extractor 28 Pivotally mounted on the breech bolt at the left side thereof is an extractor 28
  • the extractor is controlled by suitable cams which are not fully shown as the extractor and its operating means constitute no part of the present invention.
  • the extractor withdraws a cartridge from the feed mechanism at the front.
  • the extractor moves the cartridge rearward and downward so that, upon the return movement of the breech bolt, the ⁇ cartridge is pushed into the firing chamber at the rear end ofthe barrel ready to be fired.
  • a feed channel 29 Extending transversely through .the gun near the front thereof is a feed channel 29 into which a cartridge belt may be fed either from the left or from the right.
  • a feed slide 30 Mounted in a downward extension of the cover 6 immediately above the feed channel 29 is a feed slide 30 which is adapted to move transversely.
  • This slide 30 carries a pawl 31 which is adapted to engage the forward cartridge of the cartridgefbelt to move it into firing posialready referred to, this extension 32 is transy ferred from one side to the other so that in either case it is at the rear.
  • a pawl 35 adapted to enga e one cartridge of the belt to prevent bac ward movement thereof.
  • the pawl is located at the left, and when the belt is -to be fed from right to left as shown in Fig. 5, the pawl is located at the right.
  • suitable stops 36 and 37' which are held in place by means of one of the pins 34.
  • a feed lever 38 which is pivotally mounted on a stud 39 projecting downward from the cover 6.
  • the slide 30 is provided with two notches 40, 40 and the forward end of the lever 38 projects into one or the other of these notches according to the position of the slide.
  • the lever 38 is adapted to operably engage suitable cam paths formed on the breech bolt 16.
  • the cam paths on the breech bolt are formed by means of grooves in the upper face, thereof and in this case the lever 38 is provided with a depending stud 41 adapted to extend into the grooves.
  • cam paths there are two oppositely inclined overlapping or intersecting cam paths onthe upper face of the breech bolt, one of these cam paths being adapted for use in feeding the cartridge belt from left to right and the other of them being adapted for use in feeding the cartridge belt from right to left.
  • These cam paths are ordinarily formed by means of grooves in the upper face of the breech bolt and this grooved construction will now be described in detail.
  • cam path 42 and 43 there are two grooves 42 and 43 which form parts of the cam path used for feeding from left to right and there are two grooves 44 and 45 forming parts of the cam path used for feeding from right to left.
  • These two cam paths are oppositely inclined and they preferably intersect at their central portions.
  • the portions of the cam paths formed directly on the breech bolt itself are incomplete, being interrupted ⁇ adjacent the position of intersection.
  • the breech bolt is provided with a recess 46 at the position of intersection and the several grooves 42, 43, 44 and 45 all terminate at the said recess.
  • the recess 46 is normally filled or substantially filled by means of a cam block 47 which has a groove 48 therein.
  • the cam block 47 is adapted to occupy either of two positions as shown respectively in Figs.
  • the groove 48 therein connects the two grooves 42 and 43 to complete one cam path
  • the groove 48 therein connects the two grooves 44 and 45 to complete the other cam path.
  • the recess 46 has cylindrical boundary walls and the block 47 is similarly cylindrical. The block 47 can, therefore, be oscillatedto either of its operative positions as requiredwith out being removed from the breech bolt.
  • the block 47 In order that the block 47 may be held in place it is preferably provided with a stem 49 which projects into a hole in the breech bolt.
  • the stem 49 is provided with notches 50 and 51 at substantially opposite sides adapted to receive a locking pin 52.
  • a breech casing having a transverse cartridge feed channel therein, a breech bolt in the casing movable rearward upon recoil and provided with means forming parts of two oppositely inclined intersecting cam paths, at least a part of each cam path having a fixed relationship with the breech bolt, and means adapted for feeding cartridges through the feed channel in either direction and including a lever pivoted to the cas1ng and having means thereon adapted'to operably engage either of the said cam paths.
  • a breech casing having a transverse cartridge feed channel therein, a breech bolt in the casing movable rearward upon recoil and provided with means forming incomplete parts of two oppositel inclined overlapping cam paths, means a apted for feeding cartridges through the feed channel in either direction and including a lever pivoted to the casing and having means thereon adapted to operatively lengage either of the said cam paths, and means carried by the breech bolt for completing either of the saidv cam paths to render it effective to operate the lever while the other path remains ineffective.
  • breech casing having a transverse cartridge feed channel therein
  • breech bolt in the casing movable rearward upon recoil and provided with means forming incomplete parts of two oppositely inclined inters ecting cam paths
  • means carried by the breech bolt for completing either of the said cam paths to render it effective to operate the lever while the other path remains ineffective.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
US455019A 1930-05-23 1930-05-23 Reversible feed mechanism for machine guns Expired - Lifetime US1803351A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL37158D NL37158C (xx) 1930-05-23
US19159D USRE19159E (en) 1930-05-23 Reversible feed mechanism fob
US455019A US1803351A (en) 1930-05-23 1930-05-23 Reversible feed mechanism for machine guns
GB1130/31A GB365315A (en) 1930-05-23 1931-01-13 Improvements in or relating to automatic firearms
DEC44514D DE541432C (de) 1930-05-23 1931-03-12 Selbsttaetige Feuerwaffe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US455019A US1803351A (en) 1930-05-23 1930-05-23 Reversible feed mechanism for machine guns

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1803351A true US1803351A (en) 1931-05-05

Family

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US19159D Expired USRE19159E (en) 1930-05-23 Reversible feed mechanism fob
US455019A Expired - Lifetime US1803351A (en) 1930-05-23 1930-05-23 Reversible feed mechanism for machine guns

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US19159D Expired USRE19159E (en) 1930-05-23 Reversible feed mechanism fob

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (2) US1803351A (xx)
GB (1) GB365315A (xx)
NL (1) NL37158C (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2503575A (en) * 1945-02-26 1950-04-11 Gen Motors Corp Bolt mechanism
US2529391A (en) * 1946-01-31 1950-11-07 Colt S Mfg Company Bolt mechanism for machine guns
US2596999A (en) * 1949-10-13 1952-05-20 Us Sec War Alternate feed switch for firearms

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5691497A (en) * 1993-10-08 1997-11-25 Heckler & Koch Self-loading grenade launcher

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2503575A (en) * 1945-02-26 1950-04-11 Gen Motors Corp Bolt mechanism
US2529391A (en) * 1946-01-31 1950-11-07 Colt S Mfg Company Bolt mechanism for machine guns
US2596999A (en) * 1949-10-13 1952-05-20 Us Sec War Alternate feed switch for firearms

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB365315A (en) 1932-01-21
USRE19159E (en) 1934-05-08
NL37158C (xx)

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