US1767794A

US1767794A - Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: US1767794A
Application number: US266275A
Authority: US
Inventors: Heizmann Jules
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1928-02-28
Filing date: 1928-03-31
Publication date: 1930-06-24
Anticipated expiration: 1947-06-24

Description

June 24, 1930. J. HEIZMANN 1,767,794

' HEAT EXCHANGER Filed March 31, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 mvzrv'rog JfILE S HEIZ MANN 3' 4 AT Tb Rm! Y June 24, 1930. J. HEIZMANN 119761794 HEAT EXCHANGER Filed March 31, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOK JULES IZMAHN I I ATTORNEY June 24, 1930. J. HEIZMANN 1,767,794

HEAT EXCHANG'ER 7 Filed March 31, 1928 s Sheets-Sheet 3 o ZV IANN Patented June 24, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT orrlcr.

JULES HEIZMANN, 0F STRASBOURG, FRANCE I HEAT EXCHANGER Application filed March-31, 1928, Serial No. 266,275, and in France February 28, 1928.

This invention relates to heat exchangers of the column type, consisting of a plurality of superposed heat exchange units with separating rings between them and transversecirculation tubes for the heating or cooling medium, running at right an les to the direction of flow of the other fluid in the units, and external connections between the exchange units, to permit the liquid under The object of my present invention is to provide means by which any modification in the circulation within the exchange units is 1 made possible without disassembling the column or making changes in the units themselves, said changes or modifications in the circulation being obtained by -merely changing the external connections between the successive exchangeunits of the column. To this end I'use exchange units in the form of fiat boxes having a number of transverse circulation tubes running across them and I provide partitions within the units, extending from one side to the other, using the transverse tubes to form parts of said partitions, so that each unit is divided into a number of chambers or compartments which are independent from each other, each chamber or compartment having an individual inlet and an individual outlet for the liquid circulating therein;- and I further provide external connections between said chambers or compartments, which are in the form of one-way or multi-way unions or branches of such shape and size that by the combination of unions of different shapes, or by merely changing the position of a unionfor instance from the horizontal to the vertical position or to an inverted position,any desired changes in the circulation of the. liquid through the columnmay be obtained. In the accompanying drawings:

prior United States Patent No. 784,262 of v the exchange element's.

To simphfy the description, it will be assumed that the column illustrated is intended for the exchange of heat between two liquids, the one to be cooled circulating in the interior of the exchange elements around the transverse tubes 11, and the cooling liquid inside the said tubes.

.6 with an overflow 7 connected to the base 1 by tie rods 8. The ring 6 could terminate in a dome 9 with a branch 10. r The exchange elements, one of which 1s shown in detail in Figures 2 to 4, are preferably of the kind of that described in my March 7, 1905, which element has a considerable exchange surface as it consists of a fiat box 3 traversed at right angles to its general plane by a large number of circulation tubes 11.

According to my present invention I form in each exchange unit a number of partitions, preferably two partitions 12 and 13 (Fig. 2) extending from one side to the other side of theunit, using some of the c1rculation tubes 11 to form parts of these partitions. Thus, each unit becomes" divided into a number, preferably three, of chambers or compartments a: b c (Fig. 2) independent from each other, each of them having an 111- 95 dividual inlet and outlet for the liqmd to be other" and are also equidistant from the in- 1 0 5 connecting together the exchange elements,

are arranged completely outside the wall WlllCh bounds the space in which circulates the cooling liquid.

In the working of the apparatus, the.

liquid to be cooled is admitted at the top through the inlet pipe 19, circulates in the interior of the exchange elements 3 and of their bends 5, and escapes through the bottom branch 14. The cooling liquid is admitted at the bottom of the apparatus through the branch 2, passes through the watertight chambers 15 and the transverse tubes 11 of the exchange elements 3 and es capes through the overflow 7 of the section 6 or through the branch 10 of the dome 9.

The column thus constituted, forms a universal heat exchanger with interchange able parts, of a height variable at will, in which can be obtained any heat exchange surfaces that may be desired and in which the cross sections of passage can be made of a eater or less size and increased or reduce by the use of bends of various shapes shown in Figures 5 to 16. These unions or bends 'with'two, three, four or five branches make. it possible to change from circulation through three sections in parallel, to circulation through two sections and then through a single section, or conversely.

Fi

res

5 and 6 show an inlet union for clrgu ation in three parallel streams or jets a, 0.

Figures 7 and 8 show a horizontal bend producing a change in direction from circulation in parallel in two adjoining sectrons m and b, to circulation in the opposite dlrection in the section 0 of the same element.

. Figures 9 and 10 shown aunion for changmg the circulation from three sections a, 5, ends to a single section 0 Figures 11 and 12 shown a union for changin the circulation from three sections a, b, an 0 to two sections 6 and

c Flgures

13 and 14 shown a horizontal unon for reversing circulation in two adjoinmg sections 01 and b.

Figures 15 and 16 show a union for changing the circulation from parallel in two sections at. and b of an element to a single section 5 It. is obvious that other combinations could be made. The bends 5 which connect together the exchange elements 3 could be memes the column.

The inlets and outlets of the compart:

ments of each exchange unit, as well as corresponding subjacent and .superjacent inlets or outlets, being e uidistant, it is easily un derstood that furt er variations of the cir-. culation in the exchange units may be obtained by merely changing the position of the bends or units on the column, for instance by changing them from the horizontal position shown on the drawings to a vertical or to an inverted position. By the combined use of the bends or units of the shapes illustrated, a practically unlimited number of changes in the'circulation within the column can' be obtained.

The advantages of the invention are as follows:

Possibility of executing any repairs to the bends in the event of a leak, in the circuit containing the bends, or of changing the said bends for the purpose of modifying the circuits, without it being necessary to stop the circulation of the liquid in the other fluid circuit of the exchange elements; this possibility, due to the fact that the bends 5 are arranged outside the column, is more particularly advantageous in the case of a battery of several columns worked with a singlecooling liquid, as it is sufiicient to isolate the exchange elements of the column being repaired or modified, without it being necessary to stop the working of the whole installation. It is possible by means. of bends of various shapes, to obtain any exchange surfaces and any desired circuits and to increase at will the eight of the polumn by a simple addition of exchange elements and of separation or division rings, as all these parts are interchangeable. Finally,

the column may be used; as heater in the mineral salts industry, for instance in the potash industry; tion of steam; as evaporation, condensation and cooling apparatus, for the treatment of mineral, vege table and animal oils, treatment of fats, of coal derivates, in short in any industries using exchange of heat units.

The combined use of bends of diflerentshapes makes possible the treatment in one and the same column of different fluids or liquids, each having a distinct circuit of its own. zontally and used as a heater for 11 uids or condenser for steam; the base is t en replaced by a dome.

What I claim is:

1. In a heat exchanger of the column type, the combination ofa series of superposed exchange units, each having transas cooler for the condensadistllllng, concentration,

The column could be arranged horiverse circulation tubes running across the units, partitions inside the units extending from one side to the other side ofsame and dividing each unit into a plurality of independent chambers, some of the transverse circulation tubes forming a part of said partitions, an individual inlet and an individual outlet for each chamber, and external interchangeable unions forming connections ,between the chambers of one exchange unit and also between the chambers of one unit and the'chambers of adjacent exchange units in the column. d

2. In a heat exchanger of the column type, the combination of a series of superposed exchange units, each having transverse circulation tubes running across the, units, partitions inside the units extending from one side to the other side of sameand dividing each unit into a plurality of independent chambers, the transverse circulation tubes forming a part of said partitions, each chamber having an individual inlet and an individual outlet for the liquid under treatment, the inlets and outlets on each side of the units being equidistant from each other and equidistant from the inlets and outlets of the adjacent exchange units above and below, and external interchangeable unions having corresponding equidistant inlets and outlets, said unions forming connections :be-

tween the chambers of one unit and also between chambers of one unit and the chambers of an adjacent unit in the column.

3. A heat exchanger of the column type,

comprising a hollow base, a branch to ad-- mit a liquid in said base, a series of superposed exchange units, each of them consisting of a flat hollow box with a plurality of circulating tubes running across the box at right angles to its general plane, separating rings between the exchange units forming water-tight spaces between them, in communication with each other through the transverse circulating tubes of the units,

partitions within the exchange units for dividing the inner space of said units into sections,.a ring over the exchange units at top of the column, an overflow on the ring,

and multiple-branched bends connecting 1ndividual sections of one exchange unit with each other and with individual sections of the next unit, said multiple-branched bends.

being situated completely outside of the wall formed by the separating rings of the column.

4. A heat exchanger of the column type comprising a hollow base, a branch to admit a liquid in said base, a series of superposed exchange units, each of them consisting of a fiat hollow box with a plurality of circu- I lating tubes running across the box at right angles to its genera plane, separating rings between the exchange units forming watertight spaces between them, in communicaverse circulating tubes of the units, partitions within the exchange units formlng sections therein, a ring over the exchange unit at top of the column, an overflow on the ring, and multiple-branched bends placed outside of the wall formed by the separating rings, said bends securing an intercommunication between some sections of one unit and some sections of the next exchange unit.

, 5. A heat exchanger ofthe column type, comprising a hollow base, a branch to admit a liquid in said base, a series of superposed exchange units,- each of them consisting of a Hat hollow box with a plurality oi circulatin tubes running across the box at right ang es to its general plane, separating rings between the exchange umts formingwatertight spaces between them, in communication with each other ,through the transverse circulating tubes of the units, artitions within the exchange units formlng sections therein, a ring over the exchange unit at top of the column, an overcomprising a hollow base, a branch to admit a liquid in said base, a series of super-.

posed exchange units, each ofthem consisting of a flat hollow box with a' plurality of transverse circulating tubes, separating rings between the exchange units forming and an outlet on said ring at the top unit.

of the column. a

7. A heat exchanger of the-column type, consisting of a superpdsition of fiat hollow -watertight spaces between them, in cominterchangeable exchange units alternating with interchangeable separating rings between said units, partitions dividing each unit into a plurality of sections, multiplebranched bends outside of the exchange units andtheir' separating ,rings to connect the successive unlts, and-'transverse-circutubes across .the exchange units to lating ermlt circulation of a liquid in the column in counter-current of a liquid circulating within the exchange units.

JULES HEIZMANN.