US1713431A - Apparatus for the distillation of fatty acids, glycerin, and the like - Google Patents

Apparatus for the distillation of fatty acids, glycerin, and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US1713431A
US1713431A US749565A US74956524A US1713431A US 1713431 A US1713431 A US 1713431A US 749565 A US749565 A US 749565A US 74956524 A US74956524 A US 74956524A US 1713431 A US1713431 A US 1713431A
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condenser
steam
glycerin
fatty acids
distillation
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US749565A
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Gensecke Wilhelm
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C1/00—Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxes; Refining the fatty acids
    • C11C1/08—Refining
    • C11C1/10—Refining by distillation
    • C11C1/103—Refining by distillation after or with the addition of chemicals
    • C11C1/106—Refining by distillation after or with the addition of chemicals inert gases or vapors

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  • Fatty acids, glycerin and similar materials are usually distilled by means of superheated steam (steam distillation) and it is known that in such processes the employment of subatmospheric pressure is advantageous. It is therefore customary to connect thedistilling vessel through a surface condenser for the fatty acid, glycerin or the like, and a water cooled condenser fo the steam with a gas pump for creating a d maintaining a partial vacuum in the distilling apparatus.
  • the extent to which the pressure inthe distilling vessel in this arrangement 0f-apparatus may be reduced and maintained is thus limited to the vapor pressure which of course depends upon thetemperature of the water in the steamcondenser.
  • the distillation is carried out under a pressure which is less than the vapor pressure of the water in the steam condenser.
  • a gas pump between the distilling vessel and the steam condenser with its suction side communicating with the distilling vessel and its pressure side communicating with the condenser.
  • the gas pump is preferably located between the surface condenser and the steam condenser.
  • a pump of the steam jet type is particula rl well adapted for this purpose because it has no moving parts and is capable of handling a large volume of gas without mechanical difficulties.
  • ads the distilling vessel, 6 a pipe for the introduction of superheated steam into the material to be distilled, c a surface condenser which serves to condense the fatty acids, glycerin or the llation product is imlike, and d a The liquid gases in the water cooled steam condenser.
  • the condenser 03 is of the jet or condenser d.
  • a surr the fatty acids, glycerin communicating with said disa water cooled steam condenser operated in ction sid in communication with said surface condenser for the fatty acids, glycerin and the l ike, and its pres- Gil jector compressor,
  • Apparatus for the fatty-acids, glycerin an vacuum, comprising a distilling vessel face condenser for the fatty .communicatln and the like,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Description

y 14, 1929- w. GENSECKE 1,713,431
APPARATUS FOR THE DISTILLATION OF.FATTY ACIDS, GLYCERIN AND THE LIKE Filed Nov. 12, 1924 Wan mantel:
Patented May 14, 1929.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
wmHELMoENsEcxE, OFBAD nonnune, GERMANY.
APPARATUS FOR THE DISTILLATIOK OF FATTY ACIDS, GLYCERIN, AND THE LIKE.
Application filed November 12, 1924, Serial No. 749,565, and in Germany November 28, 1928.
Fatty acids, glycerin and similar materials are usually distilled by means of superheated steam (steam distillation) and it is known that in such processes the employment of subatmospheric pressure is advantageous. It is therefore customary to connect thedistilling vessel through a surface condenser for the fatty acid, glycerin or the like, and a water cooled condenser fo the steam with a gas pump for creating a d maintaining a partial vacuum in the distilling apparatus. The extent to which the pressure inthe distilling vessel in this arrangement 0f-apparatus may be reduced and maintained is thus limited to the vapor pressure which of course depends upon thetemperature of the water in the steamcondenser.
According to the present invention the distillation is carried out under a pressure which is less than the vapor pressure of the water in the steam condenser. By operating under a lower pressure'the distilling tem erature is correspondingly reduced, the qua ity of the disti proved, and steam and heat are saved. These results are accomplished by placing a gas pump between the distilling vessel and the steam condenser with its suction side communicating with the distilling vessel and its pressure side communicating with the condenser. The gas pump is preferably located between the surface condenser and the steam condenser. A pump of the steam jet type is particula rl well adapted for this purpose because it has no moving parts and is capable of handling a large volume of gas without mechanical difficulties. One form of apparatus suitable for carrying out the process of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Referring to the drawing, ads the distilling vessel, 6 a pipe for the introduction of superheated steam into the material to be distilled, c a surface condenser which serves to condense the fatty acids, glycerin or the llation product is imlike, and d a The liquid gases in the water cooled steam condenser.
separated from the distillation condenser c collects in t he trap 12' and is discharged through the vessel f. Between the condenser c and the condenser d is the pump 9 of the well known or in the pipe Z. 9' as well as steam jet jector type supplied with steam through The steam employed i n the pump the steam passing therethrough from the condenser c are condensed in the The condenser 03 is of the jet or condenser d.
spray type h and a hydros such as air is through the I claim 1. Apparatus f0 fatty acids,
and thelike, tilling vessel, and a steam having its su aving a. water supply pi e h tatic leg m. Uncondense gas removed from the condenser d liquid tra means of an air pump p i and pipe I: by not shown).
under high g a distilling vessel, a surr the fatty acids, glycerin communicating with said disa water cooled steam condenser operated in ction sid in communication with said surface condenser for the fatty acids, glycerin and the l ike, and its pres- Gil jector compressor,
sure side in communication with said steam condenser.
2. Apparatus for the fatty-acids, glycerin an vacuum, comprising a distilling vessel face condenser for the fatty .communicatln and the like,
steam distillation of the like under high a suracids, giycerin with said distilling vessel, a water coole steam condenser, a steam operated lIlJCCtOI compressor,
having its suction si de in communication with said surface condenser for the fatty acids, glycerin and the like, and its pressure denser, and a condenser and t condensate from In testimon liu . side in communication with said steam conid trap between the surface e injector for collecting the the surface condenser.
y whereofLI afiixm si ature.
WILHE M GE SE KE.
US749565A 1923-11-28 1924-11-12 Apparatus for the distillation of fatty acids, glycerin, and the like Expired - Lifetime US1713431A (en)

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DE1713431X 1923-11-28

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3183174A (en) * 1958-05-06 1965-05-11 American Mach & Foundry Sea water distillation method and apparatus to provide a superpure distillate
US5531866A (en) * 1994-12-06 1996-07-02 Gas Research Institute Water and organic constituent separator system and method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3183174A (en) * 1958-05-06 1965-05-11 American Mach & Foundry Sea water distillation method and apparatus to provide a superpure distillate
US5531866A (en) * 1994-12-06 1996-07-02 Gas Research Institute Water and organic constituent separator system and method
US5545296A (en) * 1994-12-06 1996-08-13 Gas Research Institute Water and organic constituent separator system and method

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