US1659169A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 14, 1928.

S. SEGAL- LOCK Filed July 18, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Feb. 14, 1928.

S. SEGAL LOCK Filed July 18, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet Feb. 14, 1928.

S. SEGAL LOCK Filed July 18, 1924 s Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR v 73910 'BY 4 f 14M ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 14, 1928.

UNITED STATES SAMUEL SEGAL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LOCK.

Application filed. July 18, 1924. Serial No. 726,667.

This invention relates to a lock, and aims to providean improved device of this character. It is an object of the invention to construct an improved type of lock in 6 which, when the parts are thrown, it will be extremely difficult for a person to open the closure to which the lock is applied, without being in possession of the proper key.

It is a further object to provide a device of the type stated in which the mechanism will be of such a nature that no jamming of the parts will occur.

A still further object is that' of furnishing a lock preferably including a latch-actuating l mechanism constructed in such a manner that the latter may not be partially disassembled for the purpose of effecting entry.

Another object is to be predicated on the construction of a lockapplied to a closure, and in which, when the closure is in seated position, it will not be necessary to open the latter in order to set the lock mechanism.

Still another object is that of providing a lock which will efliciently perform the purposes for which it is intended, and which will also be economically and readily manufactured and assembled.

Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part appear herein- 30 after. x

' The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements. and arrangement of parts, which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the claims.

For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a rear face view of one form of lock and showing the mechanism thereof in one position;

Fig. 2 is a similar view, but showing the parts in the course of transition to. another position;

Fig. 3 shows the parts in this latter posi- .tion- 59 Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view showing certain parts of the look as applied to a closure; Fig. 5 is a bottom perspective view of the lockas Fig. 6 is a view taken on the line 6-6 of In these Views it will be noted that the reference numeral 10 indicatesa lock casing which preferably includes a body which has. an enlarged portion 11 and a somewhat reduced portion 12, the latter having its outer wall formed with openings for the passage of the head of a main locking bolt 13 and a latch or subsidiary locking bolt 23.

In the present instance the bolt 13 is mounted for slidable and guided movement. first, incident to engagement with the edges of the opening through which it projects, and second, due to the fact that its shank 14 may be formed with a slot 15 within which a pin 16 rides. it being understood that the latter is carried by the casing 10.

In order to effect a projection and retraction of this bolt it is preferred that the casing carry a rotatable member 17, to the outer end of which a knob 18 may be secured, the inner end of this member carrying a crank 19. A bell-crank lever 20 is pivotally supported as at 21 by the bolt-shank 14, and one of the arms of this lever terminates in a stud 22, which extends into an opening formed adjacent the outer end of the crank 19. Thus.

it will be apparent that, when the knob 18 or other actuating-member is rotated to correspondingly rotate the crank 197 the latter, together with the lever 20, will act as a link mechanism to provide a toggle, by means of which the shank 14. and consequently, the bolt 13, may be projected or retracted. In this connection it is of interest to notereference being particularly invited to Figs. 1 and 3-that the centers of the stud 22-. member 17 and pivot 21 are out of line with each other in either of the two extreme positions which the bolt-projectingand retractingmechanism is capable of assuming. As a consequence, it will be appreciated that with the parts in the position shown in the lastmentioned figure it will not be practicable to force a retraction of the bolt 13, in that any pressure exerted upon the outer face of the bolt will merely cause the parts to more firmly resist this retractive effort, itbeing understood. in this connection that with the bolt fully projected the edge of the crank 19 will bear against the upper edge of the shank 14, which thus acts as a movementlimiting element for the toggle.

As aforestated, a latch-bolt 23 preferably forms a part of the lock, and the mechanism for actuating this element conveniently includes a shaft 24, which engages, and is normally immovable relative to, a collar 25. This collar supports a cam 26, the ends of which lie adjacent the shoulders 27 of an actuating-member in the nature of a slide 28. The latter has a notch in its lower edge, which notch is of suflicient size to accommodate the collar 25, it being noted in this connection that a,spring 29 acts upon the slide and serves to normally press the base of the notch into engagement with the collar so that the shoulders 27 will lie adjacent the ends of the cam 26. Pivotally carried by the lock casing as at 30 is a bell-crank lever 31, one arm of which supports a pin 32, which is adapted to bear against one .of the upper edge portions of the actuating-member, while a pin 33 is carried by the second arm of this lever and is connected with the latch-bolt 23. A

As a consequence, assuming that the collar 25 is turned in either direction, it will be appreciated that the actuating-member will be elevated, and while movin in this manner its movements will be gui ed incident to the fact that the pivot-pin 30 of thelever 31 is extended to pass through a slot 34 formed therein. Thus, it will be apparent that an elevating of the actuating-member will cause the lever 31 to be rocked around its pivot 30 incident to the provision of the pin 32, and it will be understood that a'retraetion of the latch-bolt 23 will be effected against the tendency of the spring 35, which latter serves normally to maintain this subsidiary locking element in projected position.

While any desirable mechanism may be employed in order to effect a rotation of the collar aforedescribed, it will be noted that in the illustrated embodiment of the invention there have been shown a air of knobs 36 and 37. The knob 37 18. preferably riveted to the shaft 24, which terminates adjacent the lock casing, and the shaft 38, which forms a continuation of the shaft 24, carries a collar 38 having a cam-portion 39 adjacent its inner end, as in Figs. 4 and 6, which portion corresponds in configuration to the cam 26 and is positioned directly in advance of the same, It will furthermore be observed that the shaft 24 is formed with a bore 40, and that a reduced portion 41 of the shaft 38 extends into this bore and is retained against other than rotatable movement relative thereto preferably by forming this reduced portion. with annular grooves, within which the ends of inwardly-bent portions 42 extend. The knob 36 is secured to the shaft 38 in any desirable manner, as, for example, by means of a set-screw 43, and

in order to assure against an accidental loosening of this screw the last-named shaft is preferably formed with a slit 44 extending through its body. It has been found as a consequence of this construction that, when the set-screw 43 is tightened to intimately engage a face of the shaft 41, anyaccidental loosening is virtually precluded.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the bolt 23 may be retracted by rotating either of the knob; 36 or 37. If the first of these knobs is rotated the shaft 38 will be correspondingly moved in order to rock the cam 39, and as a consequence, the actuatingmember 28 will be elevated in order to oscillate the lever 31 to effect a retraction of the bolt 23. Likewise, if the knob 37 is turned the shaft 24 will move, in order to rotate the collar 25 of the cam 26 carried thereby, thus again elevating the actuating-member 28, it being appreciated that in both of these instances the bars will automatically return to their normal position (i. e., latch-bolt pro jected and actuating-member retracted) incident to the provision of the springs 35 and 29, respectively.

Now, with a view of providing a mechanism by means of which the subsidiary locking bolt may be set, i. e., which will serve to prevent this member from being retracted bymeans of the knob 37, it will be noted that means are provided which may hold this shaft against movement. This mechanism, in the presentinstance, includes a pair of plungers 45 and 46, which are slidably mounted and connected to ether by means of a rocker-arm 47. The p unger 45 may have an extension 48, and may also carry a returning spring 49, which cooperates with a lug 50, forming a guide for the plunger 45. The cam 26 is formed with a notch 51 in line with the extension 48, and as a consequence, it will be appreciated that with the parts in their normal position the plunger 45 may be projected inwardly to the position shown in Fig. 1, so that the extension 48 may be caused to enter the notch 51 and thus prevent a movement of the cam 26. Accordingly, a movement of the collar 25 will be prevented, and as a consequence, the shaft 24 whichcooperates with this collar will he incapable of turning, so that the knob 37 will be incapable of performing any unhowever, interfere with the retraction of the latch by the use of the knob 36', it being understood that, in the present instance, due to the rotatable connection existing between the shafts 24 and 38, the latter may be turned regardless of the fact that the former is held against movement. Returning to the illustrated form of main lock construction it will be perceived.-reference being particularly had to Figs. 4 and 7 that the bolt-head 13 is relatively wide looking function. This action will not,

and is also hollow. Mountedwithin this head is a pair of plates 52, each of which supports two locking-elements 53, and is, in

turn, pivotally supported as at 54 adjacent the rear end of the bolt-head. Thus, it will be understood that if the bolt is projected into a keeper '76 having inwardly-extending flanges 77'adjacent its receiving opening, and if the locking-elements 53 are subsequently moved to extend "through and beyond openings in the bolt-head, it might be said that the head of the bolt has been exranded to a .point at which it is no longer possible to retract the same, incident to the fact that the locking-elements 53 will engage against the flange port-ions of the keeper if such retraction is attempted.

New, with a view to providing means which will serve to move the locking-elements to positions at which the bolt either may or may not be moved relative to the keeper it will be seen in the presentinstance that a tongue is utilized. This tongue is provided adjacent its outer end with a head 56, and due to the fact that the plates 52 are preferably formed with wedge-portions 57, it will be obvious that if the tongue is projected to bear against these wedge-portions and to come to life between the same, the plates 52 will be swung outwardly in opposite directions, so that the locking-elements 53 carried thereby will be projected beyond the outer faces of the bolt-head 13. On the other hand, it will be noted that if the tongue 1 55 is retracted the head 56 will strike. tliose and lies against one of the faces of the shank .14, where its movements may be guided by rails 58. Loosely connected as at 59 to the inner end of this tongue is one end of a bellcrank lever 60, the body of which is pivotally supported as at (51 by the shank 14, the other arm of this lever having its outer face cut away to provide a flange 62 for a purpose hereinafter more fully described.

As a consequence, 1f the crank 191s turned and the bolt 13 is projected in the manner aforedescribed, the lever will be carried forward with the bolt-shank, and in such n'iovement'will have its'shoulder portion 63 wardly and, consequently, move the other arm thereof rearwardly to correspondingly retract the tongue and the locking-elements. It will be understood that in operation the locking-elements will be withdrawn well before the time at which the bolt would be retracted to a sufiieient extent to cause them to strike against the flanges of the keeper aforedescribed, so that no jamming of the parts will result.

In. connection with the locking-elements which provide the exp ansible feature of the locking bolt, it is of interest to note that these elements cannot be forced into retracted position, first, in the present exemplitication. due to the factas in Fig. 7--that the head 56 of the tongue 55 preferably presents flat working faces which cooperate with the similarly shaped faces of the wedgeportions 57, and secondly, for thefollowing reason:

As aforestated, the crank 19 and lever 20 form a toggle, the centerof which, when the parts are thrown, is beyond a line drawn through the centers at the ends of the toggle, thus preventing retraction of the bolt-shank 14 by applying pressure to the bolt-head 13. It now by some conceivable circumstance pressure might be exerted against the tongue 55 with a view of retracting the locking elements 58, this pressure would merely result in the shoulder 63 of the lever 60 being caused to bear against the stop 64. This would result in the shank 14 tending to be retracted, but due to the toggle construction aforementioned, this action could only result in the parts being more tightly locked,

As aforedescribed, thelatch-bolt 23 may be retracted by the knobs 36 or. 37, and one of these knobs may be rendered inoperative by projecting the plunger 45, it being understood thatthis element may be again returned by simply projecting the plunger 46. Likewise, by rotating the knob 18 or other actuating-member, the crank 19 will be rolit) tated in order to extend the toggle aforedescribed, thus projecting the shank 14 and the locking-bolt 13, it being understood that when the latter reaches a position adjacent its limit of outward movement it will be expanded, or, in other words, the lockingelements 53 will be brought to. extend beyond the surface of the locking bolt. In this position of the parts all of the locking mechanism will be held against further movement, except by the rotation of the crank 19.

It is to be understood that a key may preferably be employed in order to project and retract the locking bolt, and with this in mind the plate 66 which closes the open or inner face of the casing 10 carries a rotatable collar 67 having an inwardly-extendng finger 68. This collar may be turned by any desirable type of key mechanism (not shown), and when thus turned, assuming the parts to be in the position shown in Fig. 1, the finger aforementioned will be swung in such a manner that it will enter a recess 6.) which forms a part of the lever 20 ad-' jacent the point of pivotal connection of the latter with the crank 19, it being noted that in order for this finger to gain this position the side wall of this recess portion is interrupted as at 70. The continued swinging ot' the. collar 67 will cause the finger 68 to bear against the wall of the recess 69 adjacent a point substantially opposite to the point at which the finger enters this space. As a consequence, the crank will begin to swing, and the finger in such swinging movement will have sliding contact with the innor face of the side wall or flange providing the recess, so that the parts will move to the position shown in Fig. 2, it being noted that a continued rotation of the collar will result in the finger 68 again reaching a point adjacent the interrupted portion 70 of theside' walls of the recess 69, as has been shown in Fig. 3, at which point the toggle formed by the crank 19 and one arm of the lever 20 will have its parts disposed in extended and locked position.

It will now be understood that the latchholt 23 may be retracted, as has been shown in Fig. 3, without this action having any effect on the closure with which the lock is associated. and if it is desired'to retract the main locking bolt, this may readily be done by simply rotating the collar in a direction opposite to that aforedescribed to first cause the finger 68 to enter through the interrupted portion 70 of the side wall of the recess 69, and upon continued movement to swing the crank 19 through the position shown in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. 1.

Now, with a view to providing means which will serve to permit of the key effecting a retraction of the latch-bolt, it will be noted that the shank 14 hingedly carries as at 71 an actuating-member having an upper contact surface 72 and a lower outwardlyand downwardly-extending arm 73. Preferably this member is guided during the movements of the shank 14, incident to the fact that the under edge of the arm 73 will, with the parts in the position shown in Fig. 1, bear against a toe 74 extending from the point of juncture of the arms of the lever 31.

The actuating-member is also formed with a suitably shaped groove 75 in its inner face. and the parts are so proportioned that when the locking bolt has been projected to a position short of that shown in Fig. 2, the mouth of this groove will come to lie at a point adjacent the pin 16, so that during the further movements of the shank 14, although the actuating-member will not be guided by the'arm 73 thereof contacting with the toe 74:, this actuating-member will be guided in its movements by virtue of the fact that the pin 16 extends within, and is moving relatively to, the groove 75. With the parts in the position shown in Fig. 1, however, the arm 73 is in contact with the toe- 74, and thus, after the locking bolt has been retracted by means of the key which has actuated the collar 67, the finger 68 carried by the latter will emerge through the interrupted portion 70 and bear against the contact-face 72 of the actuating-member to force the same downwardly and to swing the member around its pivot 71. This action will cause a corresponding movement on the part of the lever 31, due to the contact ex' tant between the arm 73 and the extended portion of thislever, and this movement will obviously result in the lever last mentioned being swun around its pivot 30 in order to retract the latch-bolt 23.

In reviewing the foregoing it will be noted that by means of the present invention a lock is provided which, in the illustrated embodiment, includes a bolt and latch construction, the casing of this lock and the mechanism thereof being of such a nature that the same is ideally adapted for application to the inner face of a closure, such as a door. If the lock is thus applied it only becomes necessary to drill the closure in order to pass the shaft 24 therethrough, and also to provide an opening for the accommodation of the key cylinder. Thus, .a great amount of labor is saved, and the closure is not mate rially damaged in the application of the lock thereto. Also, quite aside from the foregoing, it will be noted that, contrary to conventional construction, it is practicable when using a lock manufactured within the terms of the present invention for a person to lock one of the knobs against rotation without opening the closure. This is due to the fact that the plungers used in the illustrated embodiment lie in a. plane beyond the inner face of the door, so that it becomes unnecessary to open the latter in order to lock the latch-bolt.

By means of the present invention it will also be noted that an unauthorized opening of the closure will be prevented, in that the outer knob forms virtually an integral part of the shaft upon which it is mounted, and, although this shaft is continued in the form of a second shaft which is rotatable relatively thereto, it wilL be perceived that by means of the connection provided it will be virtually impossible to forcibly Withdraw one shaft from engagement with the other. Also, due to the mode of affixing the knob 36 to the shaft 41, i. e., the slit 4.4 and set-screw 43, a backing-off of the knob is prevented.

Likewise, as has been before brought out, a forcible retraction of the locking elements 53 or the bolt 13 is prevented but despite all of the foregoing it will be appreciated that a person having the proper key in his possession will be able with both the latch and locking bolts fully projected, to readily effect, first, a contraction of the locking bolt, i. e., a retraction of the locking elements 53, thereafter a retraction of the bolt 13, and after this operation a continued turning of the key will cause a retraction of the latchbolt to thus permit of an opening of the closure.

Finally referring to Figs. 9 and 10, it will be noted that if desirable the collar 39 and cam may be attached to the spindles by forming the latter with a tapering screwthreadedbore 76, and in preferably slitting the spindle, as has been indicated at 77. Consequently the collar may readily be slid over the spindle end, after which a screwthreaded plug 7 8 may be introduced into the bore 76, and when so disposed this element will act as'an expanding wedge in order to force the outer faces of the spindle into intimate contact with the inner faces of the collar. Thus it will be appreciated that an efiicient locking medium is provided which precludes an accidental or unauthorized detachme'ntof parts. c

From the foregoing it will be understood that the objects of this invention are accomplished, and since certain changes may be made in the above construction and different embodiment of the invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. v

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scope of the invention which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebe- Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A lock, including in combination a bolt, aspindle, means for actuating said bolt when said spindle is moved, said spindle including a plurality of portions,one of said portions being formed with a socket, the other of said portions being formed with an extended part adapted to project into said socket, the socketed' spindle portion being formed with inwardly-extending prongs adthereto, means connected with said locking elements and movably carried by said boltshank for effecting a projection and retraction of the former, and a fixed member engageable With said last-named means during; the projection of said bolt to cause an actuation of said elements.

3. A lock, including, in combination, a

case formed with an abutment, a bolt slidable beyond said case, a shank forming a part of said bolt, means connected with said shank for effecting aprojection and retraction of said bolt, locking elements carried by said bolt and extendable beyond certain of the faces thereof, and means 'movably carried by said shank connected with said elements to project and retract the same, said means being operated by engagement with said abutment during the projecting of said bolt.

4. A lock, including, in combination. a case formed with an abutment, a bolt slidable beyond said case, a shank forming a part of said bolt, means connected with said shank for effecting a projection and retraction of said bolt,-locking elements carried by said bolt and extendable beyond certain of the faces thereoflmeans novably carried by said shank connected with said een'ients to project and retract the same, said means being operated by engagement with said abutment during the projecting of said bolt, and means forming a part of said bolt-projecting means for preventing a movement of said locking element actuating means when said bolt is projected.

5. A lock, including, in combination, 'a bolt, a shank forming a part of the same, means connected with said shank for projecting and retracting said bolt, locking elements carried by said bolt and projectable beyond certain of the faces of the same, means independent of said bolt projecting vmeans for operating said locking elements,

and means for actuating said last-named means.

6. A lock, including, in combination, a bolt, a shank forming a part thereof, a bellcrank havin its body pivotally secured to said shan locking elements carried by said bolt, a second crank pivotally secured to said shank and connected with said locking elements to actuate the same, means connected with one of the arms of said bellcrank to move the same to effect a projection and retraction of said bolt, the second arm of said bell-crank engaging said second crank during certain stages of Operation to prevent a movement of the same.

7. A lock, including, in combination,'a bolt, a shank forming a part thereof, a bellcrank having its body pivotally secured to said shank, locking elements carried by said bolt, a second crank pivotally secured to said shank and connected witlrsaid locking elements to actuate the same, means connccted with one'of the arms of said bellcrank to move the same to effect a projection and retraction of said bolt, the second arm of said bell-crank engaging said second crank during certain stages of operation to prevent a movement of the same, and means engaging one of the arms of said second crank to move the same with respect to said bolt shank.

8. A lock, including a bolt, a shank forming a part of the same, means connected with said shank for projecting and retracting said bolt, locking elements carried by said bolt, a crank movably carried by said shank and connected with said locking elements for actuating the same, and means engagcable with one of the arms of said crank during the projection of said bolt for swinging said crank.

9, A lock, including a bolt, a shank forming a part of the same, locking elements carried by said bolt and movable beyond the faces thereof, a bell-crank movably carried by said shank and having one of its arms connected with said elements, its second arm being formed with a groove, :1 second bell-crank pivotally secured to said shank, means connected with one of the arms of said latter crank to project and retract said bolt, a pin carried by the second arm of said crank and entering the groove to prevent a movement of said first crank with respect to said shank during certain stages of operation, and means for positively moving said first crank.

10. A lock, including a bolt, means for projecting and retracting said bolt, locking elements housable within said bolt and extendable through openings in the side faces thereof to points beyond its outer face, andjmeans bearing against the inner faces of said locking elements to effect such pro jection.

11. A lock, including a bolt, means for projecting and retracting said bolt, locking elements housed within said bolt and pro jeetable through openings formed in the same to extend to points beyond the outer face thereof, means for projecting said elements to such position, plates carrying said elements, and means acting solely upon the retraction of the bolt to positively engage said plates to efi'ect a withdrawal of said elements.

12. A lock, including a bolt, means for projecting and retracting the same, locking elements housed within said bolt and extend able through openings in the face thereof to points beyond the same, pivotally mounted plates supporting said locking elements and being formed with offset end-portions, and means movable in a path intersected by said end-portions for positively engaging the same to swing the plates and effect a retraction of said locking elements.

13. A lock, including, in combination, a latch-bolt, a locking bolt, means for projecting both of said bolts, locking elements associated with the latter and when in locked position extending beyond the same, and a single means for effecting a retraction of said locking elements, a subsequent retraction of said locking bolt, and a final retraction of said latch-bolt.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

SAMUEL SEGAL.

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