US1922438A

US1922438A - Lock and latch

Info

Publication number: US1922438A
Application number: US636811A
Authority: US
Inventors: Norman B Hurd
Original assignee: American Hardware Corp
Current assignee: Emhart Industries Inc
Priority date: 1932-10-08
Filing date: 1932-10-08
Publication date: 1933-08-15
Anticipated expiration: 1950-08-15

Description

Aug. 15, 1933. N, B. D 1,922,438

LOCK AND LATCH Filed 001;. 8, 1932 VENTOR NORM/4 5 fly/F0 ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 15, 1933 UNlTEi) STATES PATENT OFFICE LOCK AND LATCH Norman B. Hurd,

The American Newington, Conn., assignor to Hardware Corporation, New

Britain, Conn, a Corporation of Connecticut Application October 8, 1932. Serial No. 636,811

24 Glaims. (CI. 70-47) and combinations of elements by which a door lock may be controlled in diilerent ways by the different keys of a se My object is to accomplish the aforesaid control in an exceedingly simple and dependable manner. In the present case I shall describe my invention as employed on a lock for a hotel bedroom door, said lock being provided with a latch-bolt and a dead-bolt. The latch-bolt have the well known stop work by which the outside knob may be rendered ineffective for retracting the latch. The dead-bolt may also be operated by means of the well known thumb turn, so-called, located at the indoor side of the look so that the dead-bolt may be advanced thereby by anyonewithin the room. I provide a set of keys (in thisinstance three), one of which I'will term. the master key, ordinarily held by the proprietor, which is capable at all times of advancing or retracting the dead-bolt and of retracting the latch-bolt. Another key of the set I will term the guest key. This key be employed to retract the latch bolt at any time and may also be employed to retract the dead-bolt if the same has been advanced either from the inside or outside, whereby the guest may freely enter his room. This key is incapable of projecting the deadbolt. A third key of the set I will term the maids key, and this key as designed is capable of retracting the latch-bolt only, being incapable of either projecting or retracting the dead-bolt. The mechanism actuated bythe maids key is so constructed that if the dead-bolt has been thrown on, the maids key will not operate even the latch-bolt; and hence the maid will-know that her presence is not desired in the room and will defer her work therein until a later period. The above and various other combinations can be worked out by the use of the improvement that I am about to describe.

In the accompanying drawing-- s Fig. l is a side elevation of a door lock-of the mortise type, the upper part of the cap being removed to show a portion of the interior mecha nism;

Fig. is a relatively enlarged side elevation, partly in section, of a cylinder lock with a portion of one of the keys in place and with the plug partially turned therein;

Fig. 3 is a cross sectionof the cylinder lock on the plane of the line 5--5 in Fig. 2, but showshape, the base of which faces ing a different key in place from that indicated in Fig; 2;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing still another key in place instead of the one shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a similar View showing in place the same key illustrated in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 represents the ends of a set of keys, three in number; 7

Fig. '7 is a sectional view of a modification, (35 partly broken away.

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of modified details 'of construction.

1 represents a lock case, 2 a face plate, 3 a spring latch-bolt, and i a dead-bolt. 5 is the dead-bolt tumbler. 6 is a stud on the deadbolt tail upon which is pivotally mounted a latch retracting lever '7. 8 is a link pivoted at 9 having at its opposite end a slot also extending over the stud 6. 10 is a lever pivoted on a stud 11 on the side of the dead-bolt tail. One part of the lever 10 is designed, when the deadbolt is retracted, to be engaged by a roll back 12 or equivalent device controlled by the cylinder look so that when the lever 10 is depressed it in turn will engage and swing the lever '7 and retract the spring latch. When the bolt' 4 is advanced, the lever 10 is out of the range of said roll back 12. The well known stop work mechanism (not shown) may be provided to block-the retraction of the latch by the usual outside knob (not shown) and hence the same can only be retracted by means of a key operating through the cylinder look from the outside. 7 The stop work and thumb turn are too well known to require separate illustration. All the mechanism that I have thus far described is well understood.

Now, turning to the cylinder lock construction. 14 represents the cylinder body of any desired form. 15 represents a plug rotatable therein and having the usual keyway or slot open at the back. .16-16 represent the usual pin tumbler, elements in the body 14 and the, plug 15 which look the plug from rotation in the cylinder body excepting when an appropriate key has been inserted in the keyway to cause the pin tumblers to be so set that the plug may be turned by said key. Such pin tumblers are also well known. In the particular form shown, the roll back 12 is suitably connected to the rear end of the plug 15 so as to be rotated thereby. 17 represents what I will term a blocking device or blocking tumbler which preferably is ofcone the plug 15 as 2 shown in the drawing.

18 is a spring pressed driver which bears against the apex of the blocking tumbler 1'7 pressing it lightly toward the plug. 19 is a short pin which stands in a bore in the plug to support the blocking tumbler 17 when the plug is in its normal position. 20-20 are the usual balls such employed in looks of this type at the ends of the several tumbler elements in the plug and against which the bitted portion of the key freely operates.

The width of the base of the blocking tumbler 17 is, as shown in 3 to 5, preierablyslight- 1y greater than the width of the back or" the key slot in the plug. 21 represents the end or" a master key. 22 represents the end of the maids key, and 23 represents the end of the guest key. These three keys comprise in this instance a complete set. It should be understood that each of these keys is bitted in such a manner as to cause the locking tumblers of the particular lock with which they are associated to register properly with the parting line between the plug and the cylinder body so that the plug may be turned when any one of said keys is fully inserted in the plug. The key 21 may turn the plug freely in both directions to any extent at all times and under all conditions. lhe key 23 may turn the plug freely in one direction to any extent, but is checked in the reverse direction. The key 22 may turn the plug to a limited extent only in both directions. The key 21 is of such length that the back of the key, when. the latter fully in place in th keyway of the plug, will project underneath the base of the blocking tumbler 1'3, as shown in Fig. 2, and will thus support said tumbler and prevent it from assuming the tilted position shown in Figs. 3 and 4i. It follows, therefore, that when this key 21 is in place, the plug may be rotated freely to any extent in either direction, and hence the roll back 12 may be corres 'aondingly rotated to perform any function of which it is capable.

The key'22 is shorter than the key 21. I The dot and dash line in Fig. 6 represents a plane coincident with the section line 5-5 in Fig. 2. It will be noted that this key is so short that when it is fully inserted in the plug the back edge of the key will not stand under the blocking tumbler 17. Consequently when this key 22 is used, the plug may be given a half turn in either direction, but will then be stopped by the action of the blocking tumbler 17 as shown in Fig. 4 wherein it will be seen that as soon as the keyway reaches said blocking tumbler, one edge of the same will tilt down in front of one edge of the keyway and block the further turning movement of the plug. The blocking tumbier, as shown in solid lines in Fig. 4, is inposh tion to block the further turning of the plug in a clockwise direction. It may, however, be turned back in a counterclockwise direction since the opposite edge of the keyway will slide under the base of the blocking tumbler and lift it into the position shown inlFig. 5. The key 22 may then continue to rotate the plug in said counterclockwise direction until the keyway again reaches the blocking tumbler, whereupon one edge of the latter will tilt into the keyway as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. thus blocking the further rotation of the plug in the said direction. It will be'apparent that less than half a revolution of the plug is sufficient to retract the latch-bolt 3 whenever the deadbolt is retracted but that more than a half revolution is needed to retract the dead-bolt.

The key 23 may be of the same length as the master key 21, but it will be observed that the back of the key is provided with a beveled incline 23 In Fig. 3 the plug is shown as having been given a half turn clockwise so that the back or" the guest key stands under the blocking tumbler. The bevel 23 permits the said tumbler to tilt or cant into the position shown wherein. one edge of its base extends into the keyway blocking the further clockwise rotation of the plug. The plug may, however, be turned freely in a counterclockwise direction from the position shown in 3, since the bevel 23 will push the said tumbler back tion shown in Fig; 5, freeing the plug.

In Fig. '7, two similar blocking devices il -17 each backed by a spring pressed driver 18, are located in the cylinder I l at opposite sides of the locking tumblers therein. By this arrange-- ment the plug can be rotated less than half a turn in either direction when operated, say, by the maids key 22 because it will be caught and stopped by one or the other of said blocking de ices, as shown in said figure, whenever the back or" the keyway reaches one or the other of said blocking devices so as to permit one or the other of said blocking devices to tilt. When, however, the master key 21 is used, its back fills out that partv of the keyway passing under the blocking devices and thus serves to hold the same against tilting into the blocking position in the same manner as in Figs. 2 and 5.

Operation.-Let us now assume that a door to which the lock is applied has been closed, but not dead-locked, and the usual stop work has beenset to prevent the retraction of the spring latch-bolt by the ordinary outside knob. Under'such a condition any of the keys may be used to turn the roll back 12 in a clockwise direction .(as viewed in Fig. 1) to retract the latch through the medium of the

levers

10 and 7. If for any reason the dead-bolt has been projected, either from the inside or outside of the door, the lever 10 will be shifted thereby out of the range of the roll back 12 so that a half turn in a clockwise'direction of the roll back by the maids key will have no effect on the latch-bolt since the roll back cannot reach the lever 10. However, the holder of the guest key can, when the dead-bolt is projected, turn his key sufiiciently far to first retract the deadbolt and then, by continuing to turn it in the same direction, cause the roll back 12 to engage thelever l0 and retract the latch through its coaction with the lever 7. Having completed this act, the guest key cannot be turned in the opposite direction to project the deadbolt. 7

The master key will operate similarly to the guest key but in addition it may be given a reverse turn to advance the dead-bolt.

While I have shown t -e blocking tumbler 17 in the form of a cone since that form has many advantages, the said invention is not necessarily confined thereto so'long as said member is so constructed that it may tilt or cant into blocking engagement with the edge of the keyway in said plug. Among the advantages of the cone shape shown is that a squarer stop shoulder is presented to the edge of the keyway than if the lower part of the member were cylindrical. Obviously the blocking member might be disk shaped as shown at 17 (Fig. 8) and the lower into the posiend of the driver l8- mightbe pointed after the manner of a cone as shown at 13 (Fig. 8) so as to press against the center of the disk 17 to cause it to tilt in the same manner as the cone 17. This would constitute merely an obvious reversal of the contacting portions ofthe parts 17-18.

The above and other changes might be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. In a cylinder look, a body, a plug rotatable therein, a keyway in said plug, a locking tumbler, and a tiltable blocking tumbler independent of the locking tumbler for limiting the degree of rotation of the plug in one direction.

2. In a cylinder look, a body, a plug rotatable therein, a keyway in said plug, a locking tumbler, and a 'tiltable blocking tumbler independent of the locking tumbler for limiting the degree of rotation of the plug in either direction.

3. In a cylinder lock, a body, a plug rotatable therein, a keyway in said plug, a locking tumbler, and a blocking device for limiting the degree of rotation of the plug in one direction by engagement with one wall of said keyway, with means for impelling said device toward said plug, the base of said blocking device being wider than said keyway.

4. In a cylinder look, a cylinder bod, a rotatable plug, a locking tumbler, a blocking device, a recess in said plug in a' position to pass under said blocking device, means to cause said blocking device to move to engage the plug at one edge of said recess after a partial rotation of said plug to check the rotation of the same in that direction, said blocking device being engageable by a key to be shifted out of its blocking position by a rotary movement of said key and plug in the opposite direction.

5. In a cylinder lock, a cylinder body, a plug having a longitudinal keyway open at its back, a locking pin tumbler, and a movable blocking tumbler carried by said body and having a portion projectable into said keyway to act as a block to limit the rotation of said plug in one direction and displaceable from said keyway upon rotation of said plug in an opposite direction.

6. In a pin cylinder look, a cylinder body, a rotatable plug having a keyway open at the back, a locking pin tumbler, a blocking tumbler comprising a device having a base slightly wider than said keyway and carried in a borein said body and facing said plug, the side walls of said device tapering upwarly toward each other to form a narrow upper end, and a driver in said bore coacting with said blocking tumbler to impel the same toward said plug to cause said blocking tumbler to tilt one edge of its base into said keyway when the latter is unfilled by a portion of a key adapted thereto.

7. In a cylinder look, a cylinder, a plug rotatable therein, a keyway in said plug, a locking tumbler, and a tiltable blocking device for limiting the degree of rotation of the plug by engagment with the wall at one side of said keyway.

8. In a cylinder look, a cylinder, a plug rotatable therein, said plug having a keyway open at the back, a locking tumbler, a movable blocking device for limiting the degree of rotation of the plug in one direction by engagement with one wall of the keyway, the base of said blocking device being slightly greater than the width of said keyway, said blocking device being moved from said blocking position by reverse rotation of said plug. 7

9. In a cylinder lock, a cylinder, a plug rotatable therein and having a keyway, a locking tumbler, two independent tiltable blocking devices carried by said cylinder on opposite sides of said locking tumbler, either of the same being in a position to check the rotation of the plug in one direction by engagement with one wall of said keyway before the plug has completed half a revolution away from said locking tumbler.

10. In a pin cylinder look, abody, a plug r0- tatable therein, a locking tumbler, a blocking tumbler, locking tumbler being constructed to be moved by either of a set of different keys to release the plug, said blocking tumbler being operable by one of said keys to hold it from plug blocking position upon rotation of the plug in either direction, and being operable by another of said keys to hold said blocking tumbler from plug blocking position upon rotation of the plug in only one direction from said blocked position.

11. In a cylinder look, a body, a plug rotatable therein, a keyway in said plug open at the back, a locking tumbler, and a tiltable blocking device carried by said body and adjacent to said plug 'for limiting the degree of rotation of the plug in one direction by engagement with one wall of said keyway, with means for impelling said device toward said plug to tilt it into blocking pos'ition.

12. In a pin cylinder look, a body, a plug rotatable therein, a locking tumbler, an independent blocking tumbler, both tumblers being operable by one key to permit the plug to be freely rotated in. both directions, the locking tumblers only being operable by a diiierent key to permit the plug to be freely rotated in one direction, said blocking tumbler coacting with said plug to check its rotation after apartial rotation in the opposite direction by the last mentioned key.

13. In a cylinder lock, a body, a rotatable plug having a longitudinal keyway, a locking tumbler, a blocking device, a recess in said plug in a position to pass under said blocking device when the plug has been given a partial rotation, means to cause said blocking device to move to engage the plug at one edge of said recess to check the rotation of the same, said locking tumbler being movable to the unlocking position by a longitudinal movement of a key in said keyway, said blocking device being engaged by a key and shifted to non-blocking position by a rotary movement of said key in one direction.

14. In a cylinder look, a body; a plug having a longitudinal keyway open at its back, a looking pin tumbler, a movable blocking tumbler carried by said body and having a portion projectable into the back of said keyway to act as a block to limit the rotation of said plug in either direction and displaceable from said keyway upon a reverse rotation of said plug. 7

15. In a cylinder look, a body, a plug having a longitudinal keyway open at its back, a locking pin tumbler, a tiltable blocking tumbler carried by said body and having a portion projectable into the back of said keyway to act as a block to limit the rotation of said plug in either direction and displaceable from said keyway upon a reverse rotation of said plug, the base of said tiltable blocking tumbler being wider than the width of the back of said keyway.

16. In a lock, a body, a rotatable plug therein, a tilting plug locking tumbler, an independent movable plug blocking tumbler which when in one position coacts with said plug-flto limit the degree of rotation of the same in one direction, and which when in another position coacts with said plug to limit its degree of rotation in the opposite direction, and which when in a third position permits unlimited rotation of said plug in both directions.

17. In a cylinder look, a body, a rotatable plug therein, a plug locking tumbler, an independent tiltable plug blocking tumbler which whentilted to one position ccacts with said plug to limit the degree of rotation of the same in one direction and which when tilted to another position ooacts with said plug to limit its degree of rotation in the opposite direction, and which when in an untilted position permits unlimited rotation of said plug in both directions.

18. In a pin cylinder look, a cylinder, a plug havinga key slot and a shoulder at the back of said slot, a locking tumbler, a tiltable blocking device carried by the cylinder for coaction with said shoulder to limit the degree of rotation of the plug in one direction when said plug is operated by one key, said blocking device being held out of blocking position by another key to permit unlimited rotation of said plug in said direction.

19. In a pin cylinder lock, a cylinder, a plug having a key slot and a shoulder at the back of said slot, a locking tumbler, a tiltable blocking device carried by the cylinder for coaction with said shoulder to limit the degree of rotation of the plug in onedirection when said plug is operated by one key while permitting unlimited rotation of said plug in the opposite direction, said blocking device being held out of blocking position byanother key to permit unlimited rotation of said plug in both directions.

20. In a pin cylinder look, a cylinder, a plug having a key'slot anda shoulder at the back of said slot, a locking tumbler, a tiltable blocking device carried by the cylinder for coaction with said shoulder to limit the degree of rotation of the plug in one direction when said plug is operated by one .key, said blocking device being held out of blocking position by another key to permit unlimited rotation of said plug in said direction.

21. In a look, a body, a plug rotatable therein, a tumbler carried by the body for normally locking said plug against rotation in said body, a tiltable blocking device carried by one of said parts and coacting with the other to limit the degree'of rotation of said plug in one direction in said body when the locking tumbler is freed from said plug by the use of one key, while permitting unlimited rotation ofsaid plug in an opposite direction, and whereby said plug may be rotated freely of said blocking device in both irections by the use of a different key.

22. In a look, a body, a plug rotatable therein, a tumbler carried by the body for normally looking said plug against rotation in said body, a tiltable blocking device carried by one of said parts and coacting with the other to limit the degree of rotation of said plug in one direction in said body when operated by one key, said looking tumbler and locking device being controllable by a different key to permit said plug to be freely rotated in both directions independently thereof.

23. In a pin cylinder look, a body, a key plug rotatable therein, registering bores in said parts, locking tumbler sections in said bores, other re istering bores in said parts, tumbler sections therein including a tiltable section, a shoulder on one of said parts remote from the last mentioned bores when the same are in registering position, and engageable by said tiltable section when the plug is turned by one key, and non-engageable by said tiltable section when said plug is turned by a different key.

24. Ina look, a body, a plug rotatable therein, a keyway in said plug, a tiltable blocking device carried by said body, an abutment shoulder on said plug, saidblocking device being engageable withrsaid shoulder by the tilting of said device .to limit the rotation of said plug in one direction, said blocking device being operable by a key to permit unlimited rotation of said plug in said direction.

NORMAN B. HURD.