US1555829A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 6, 1925. l 1,555,829

w. J. CARROLL v LOCK Filed Nov. 7, 1921' 3 Sheets-Sheet ,l

W. J. CARROLL LOCK 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. '7, 1921 tonne@ Oct. 6, 1925.

w. .z. CARRQLL LUCK Filed Nov. '7, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 www Patented Oct. 6, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM J'. CARROLL, OF WEST HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOB T0 SARGENT 65 COMPANY, 0F NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

LOCK.

Application filed November 7, 1921.

T 0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM J. CARROLL, a citizen of the United States, residing in West Haven, county of New Haven, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to locks and, more particularly, to a lock adapted to be applied to the door of a public building and designed for use in connection with a so-called panic bar which normally lies across the inner face of the door in such a manner that persons crowding against the same will automatically release the latch and allow the door to swing open. However, while my improvements may be particularly adapted, generally speaking, for a lock of this type, it will be understood that certain features of my invention are broadly novelv and are applicable and useful in locks or latches of almost any type.

Ordinary locks of this character have been so constructed that when the panic bar is depressed or pushed toward the door, the bolt is slidably retracted within the lock case and the door is then free to swing open. However, experience has shown that when a number of persons under the stress of eX- citing circumstances crowd against the door and press the same outwardly, the friction between the latch or lock bolt and the strike plate becomes so great as to prevent the withdrawal of the bolt, and hence the opening` of the door is impossible.

The present invention has for its object, therefore, the overcoming of the disadvantages above referred to and the provision of a lock or latch so constructed that the bolt will be allowed to disengage itself from the strike plate without having to overcome a frictional force due to pressure against the door in an opening direction.

Another object of my invention is to provide a lock with a bolt mounted to swing away from the strike plate when the bolt is released and when an opening pressure is applied to the door.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a lock with a bolt which may be Serial No. 513,401.

retracted within the lock case both by a sliding and by a pivotal movement or by a combination of the two.

More specifically, my invention has for its object the provision of a lock with a bolt of such a character and so mounted in the lock case that while it will be normally held against retraction by contact with the strike plate when the door is moved in an opening direction, the bolt may be released by pressure upon the latch or panic bar, and the bolt permitted to be retracted within the lock case by such contact `with the strike plate.

Further, my improved lock is provided with a bolt which is adapted to be retracted bv contact with the strike plate under certain conditions, both upon closing and upon opening movements of the door.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combination of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. l is an edge elevational view of a portion of a door provided with my improved lock;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of the parts shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the lock, the cover having been. removed;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line Jr-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a front elevational View of the lock similar to Fig. 3, but showing the dog controlling plunger retracted within the lock case in its normal position when the door is closed;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view on line 6 6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary front elevational View of the parts of the lock in the position assumed by them when the clogging slide is locked in inoperative position;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view on line 8 8 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is a View similar to Fig. 8, but showing the latch bolt in different positions as it is retracted by the strike plate;

Fig. 10 is a sectional View on line 10-10 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 1l is a perspective view of the dogging slide; and

Fig. l2 is a top plan view of the locking slide and tumbler.

In order to illustrate the principles ot my invention, I have shown at 10 a door supplied with a lock of the type known as a mortise lock having a case l1 and a face plate l2 designed to lie substantially flush with the edge of the door and having openings 13 and 14 through which project a dog controlling plunger ,l5 and a bolt head 16. While at the present time it is common to use a mortise lock, it will be understood that the principles and novel features ot' my invention are applicable to rim locks and locks 'of other types which it is unnecessary to illustrate or enumerate.

I have shown upon the inside ot the door an eseutcheon plate 17 provided with an opening for a cylinder loclr ot' any desired or usual type 1S, and having lugs 19 to which is hinged 'a so-called panic bar 20 operable to permit the opening of the door. This escutcheon plate 17 is adapted to be held in proper position relative to the lock case ll by means ot bolts or screws 2l passing through lugs 22 termed on the upper part ot the locl case, so that a linger 23 upon the panic bar may always lie in proper position t0 engage certain mechanism within the lock case to permit the operation of the bolt. It will of course be apparent that any other operating means may be used equally as well as a panic bar, and .such other operating means may consist ot an ordinary thumb latch 0r knob. Upon the ins-ide ot the door is applied an escutcheon plate 24, also provided with an opening through which a cylinder lock 25 ot any usual type may project.

Movably mounted within the loclr case ll is a bolt of novel and improved structure and supported in the lock case in a novel manner. termed a latch bolt in that the bolt head 16 has a bevelled face 27 considered in connection with the face plate oic the lock case, and a second` tace 28 projecting substantially normally from the face plate or substantially parallel with the surface ot the door. To this bolt head is pivotally connected at 262L a stem 29 which passes between a pair ot guiding lugs 30 which may be formed upon the lock case. A spiral spring 3l reacts between a collar 32 fixed upon the forward portion ot the stem and a collar 33 loosely mounted upon this stem adjacent the guiding lugs 30 to normally urge the bolt to its protracted postion shown in Figs. 3, 5 and 8. lt its rec-r end the stem 29 is provided with a crosshead 34 by which the orerfent ot the stem and bolt is fontrolled. It ray l stated that, as illustrated in the This bolt, as shown, might beA drawings, the door upon which the lock is mounted is adapted to open to the outside and therefore the bevelled tace 27 or" the bolt head is so arranged as to tace the inside of the door or so that the bolt will be slidably retracted against the tension ot the spring 31 when the door is closed by the engagement of its bevelled face with a strike plate ot the usual form (not shown) in the door frame.

The bolt head 16 is mounted for both pivotal and sliding movement to retracted position within the case. T o accomplish this end, the bolt is provided with a pair of trunnions which are mounted in slots 36 formed upon the lock case, these slots being open at their rear ends to permit the bolt head to be slidably retracted to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 8. The bolt head I6 can, of course, also be moved pivotally about the trunnions 35 into the partially retracted dotted line position shown in Fig. 9. In order to permit such pivotal movement of the bolt head about the trunnions 35 and relative to the stem 29 and to permit its retraction within the case by a sliding motion, the case is slight-ly enlarged at its forward portion as plainly shown at 37 and 38 in Figs. 8 and 9. The case, of course, may be enlarged so as to be of proper width throughout, but I prefer to arrange the bolt in what may be termed a well, or the like, to accommodate the large bolt head. In order to control the retraction of the bolt, I provide a clogging slide 40 arranged in the lower part ot the lock case as clearly shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, and this slide is provided with a web 4l which passes at the side of and above the stem 29 and terminates in an arm 42 provided with a slot 43 which is adapted to receive the crosshead 34 upon the end ot the stem when the slide is in depressed position. It will be apparent that when this crosshead is received in the slot 43, as shown in Fig. 5, the retraction ot the bolt 16 by either pivotal or sliding movement is prevented, as the stem 29 is dogged against movement and the head 16 cannot move while the stem is held tast.

The slide 40 is adapted to be guided in its movement in the lock case by a pair ot guides 44 formed upon the case between which a broadened end 45 of the slide is adapted t0 lit. This end 45 of the slide projects into a recess 46 formed in the lock case and in which operates the tinger 23 upon the panic bar. Thus this finger 23 is permitted to contact with the slide and to move it upwardly from its dogging to its inoperaposition a spring'48 is provided which acts against the lovver shoulder of a recess 49 in one side of the slide. The slide is also pro vided with a horizontally projecting finger 50 which will be again referred to hereafter.

It Will of course be obvious that when the door is in open position, it will be desirable to have the dogging slide 40y raised to inoperativey position in order that When the door is closed, the bolt may be retracted Within the case by contact of its bevelled surface 27 With the strike, and then after the door is closed spring out into a properly formed opening in the strike plate in the usual way. For this purpose a dog controlling plunger is provided, consisting of a plunger head 15 pivotally mounted Within the lock case by the trunnions 15n and 15b, and a stem 51 pivotally connected thereto at 52 and normally urged to o'utvvard or protracted position by a spring 53 reacting against a collar 54 fixed upon the stem 51 and a collar 55 loosely mounted upon this stem and disposed adjacent a pair of guiding lugs 56 through Which the stem is adapted to slide. This stem 51 is provided -With a crosshead 57 and pivotally mounted Within the case at 58 is a dog controlling bell cranklever having one end 59 resting against this crosshead and having its other end 60 disposed below the horizontally projeeting finger 50 upon the dogging slide.

It may sometimes be desirable to prevent the movement of the clogging slide to operative position When the door is closed or to raise it from operative position from the outside of the door by means of a key. As shown in Fig. 1, there is no other means provided for opening the door from the outside except a suitable key through the agency of the cylinder lock 25. For this purpose a sliding lock bar 61 is reciprocally mounted Within the lock case and provided with talons 62 adapted to be engaged by the rollback 63 mounted upon and rotated by the cylinder lock 25. Upon the pin 64 on the lock bar 61 is pivotally mounted a tumbler 65 having a portion 66 adapted to extend between the talons 62 to be engaged by the rollback 63 and having lugs 67 and 63 adapted to cooperate with notches 69 and formed in a portion of the lock case to hold the locking bar in a predetermined position. The tumbler is normally urged to operative position by a spring 71. The bar 61 is provided with a horizontally eX- tending finger 72 adapted to abut the arm 59 of the bell crank lever when the locking bar is moved to the left, as shown in Fig,

7 to either prevent the dogging slide from being moved to its dogging position or to positively move this slide from this position to its inoperative position if the lock bar is moved by the key after the door is closed.

particular embodiment of my invention shown, there is no means to positively retract the latch bolt 16, the door is closed by merely being moved toward the door frame. The bevelled face of the plunger 15 and the bevelled face 27 of the bolt 16 face in the same direction so that these bolts are both retracted by contact With the strike plate When the door 'is closed. The bolt 16 in this instance will be slidably retracted to its dotted line position, as shown in Fig. 8, and pivotal movement about the trunnions 35 in the direction which would result from contact With the outer edge of the strike plate Will be prevented by the lock case. Immediately the door is in closed position, the bolt 16 will spring out, urged by the spring 31 to enter an opening in the strike plate; The controlling plunger 15, however, will normally face a closed or solid portion of the strike plate and Will be held retracted Within the case as shown in Fig. 5.V In this position the dogging slide 40 will no longer be held elevated by the y and Will be depressed by the spring 48 into the position shown in full lines in Fig. 5 Where the crosshead 34 is received in the slot 43. This Will be the normal position of the parts when the rdoor is closed.

If it is desired to open the door from the inside, slight pressure is applied to the panic bar 2O or other operating means provided, and the dogging slide will be raised to its full line position shown in Fig. 7. The stem 29 Will now be released, and if pressure in an opening direction is applied to the door, the bolt 16 Will be, by Contact with' the strike plate, moved pivotally about the trunnions 35 to its partially retracted dot ted line position shown in Fig. 9. This pivotal movement of the bolt Will of course continue until a part thereof contacts with the i stem 29 so as to prevent further relative pivotal movement of the bolt and stem. lit will be apparent from Fig. 4 that the stem enters a recess 73 of substantial dimensions in the head so that a considerable relative movement is permitted before the shoulder 74 of this recess contacts with the stem. If desirable, a suficient movement may here be permitted to retract the bolt to permit opening of the door. However, this is not necessary as when the bolt is moved to the partially retracted dottedline position shown in Fig. 8, the surface 28 becomes in effect a bevelled surface to contact with the side of the opening in the strike plate and further pressure upon the door vvill slidably retract the bolt within the lock case to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 9. The bolt is now vcompletely retracted and the door may be opened at will. It will be obvious that iu this manner it is unnecessary to overcome the friction between the surface 28 of the bolt and the side of the opening in the strike plate as an opening force applied to the door after the dogging slide has been lifted tends to throw the bolt away from the strike plate and to retract it within the case instead of creating a frictional resistance to such retraction.

If when the door is closed and the parts are in 'the position shown in Fig. 5, it is desired to gain access from the outside, it is only necessary to apply the proper key te the lock 18, and the rotation of the rollback will, by engagement with the tumbler and talons 62, move the lock bar 61 to the left as shown in Fig. 7, the linger 72 engaging the arm 59 of the dogging controlling lever and raising the clogging slide to inoperative position as shown in Fig. 7 so that the door may now be freely opened by a pull upon the same in an opening direction.

A second lock 18 may be provided upon the inside of the door and provided with a rollback 63 so that from either the inside or the outside the clogging slide may be locked in its inoperative position so that the door may be freely opened at all times.

lNhile I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention and have enumerated some of the advantages and uses thereof, it will be apparent that the novel features and principles disclosed will be capable of broad application and of many modifications and variations which will fall within the spirit of the invention and within the scope of the appended claims.

Vhat I claim is:

l. In combination, a lock case, a latch bolt slidably mounted therein, said bolt also having a pivotal connection with the case, a stem connected to the bolt and slidably mounted in the case to control both the slidable and pivotal movements of the bolt.

2. In combination, a lock case, a latch bolt slidably mounted therein, said bolt also having a pivotal connection with the case, a stem connected to the bolt and slidably mounted in the case to control both the slidable and pivotal movements of the bolt, and means to dog said stem in position to hold the bolt protracted.

3. A. lock case, a latch bolt slidably mounted therein, said bolt also having a pivotal connection with the case, a stem slidably mounted within the case to control both pivotal and sliding movements of the bolt, said stem being connected to the bolt at a point eccentric to the pivotal connection of the bolt with the case.

4. In a door lock, a case, a slideway provided therein, a boltv slidably mounted in said way, said bolt also having a pivotal connection with the case, and a stem pivotally secured to the bolt and adapted to control the latter in both its pivotal and sliding movements.

5. `In a door lock, a case, a slideway provided therein, a bolt slidably mounted in said Way, said bolt also having a pivotal connection with the case, and a stem pivotally secured to the bolt and adapted to control the latter in both its pivotal and sliding movements, and means to dog said stem in position to prevent retraction of the bolt.

6. In a door lock, a case, a bolt pivotally and slidably mounted in the case, a stem connected to the bolt to control the movement thereof, a slide to engage said stem to dog the latter against movement, a dog controlling plunger to control said slide,

and additional manually operable means to control the slide.

7. In a door lock, a case, a bolt pivotally and slidably mounted in the case, a stem. connected to the bolt to control the movement thereof, a slide to engage said stem to dog the latter against movement, and key operated means to render said dog controlling plunger ineffective.

8. In a lock, a case, a bolt pivotally and slidably mounted therein and adapted to swing pivotally toward a retracted position when a pushing force is applied to the door to open the same, means to retain the bolt in protracted position to hold the door closed, and manually operated means to release said holding means, a continued application of force to said manually operated means causing said bolt to be first swung about its pivot and then slidably retracted into the lock case by the door strike.

9. In a lock, a case, and a bolt mounted therein for both pivotal and bodily sliding movements, said bolt being retracted by contact with the door strike by a combined pivotal and sliding movement.

10. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein, and adapted to be protracted from the case to engage a door strike and means causing the retraction of said bolt by the strike by a combined pivotal and bodily sliding movement when the door is moved in an opening direction.

l1. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein for both pivotal and bodily sliding movement, and a single means to hold said bolt against either of said movements.

l2. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein for both pivotal and bodily sliding movement, a single means to hold said bolt against either of said movements, and means to render said holding means inoperative.

13. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein for both pivotal and bodily sliding movement, and a single means rendered operative by the closing of the door to hold said bolt against either ot said movements.

14. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein for sliding movement when engaging the strike plate upon closing movement of the door, and for pivotal movement when engaging the strike plate upon an opening movement thereof, and means to dog said bolt against movement when the door is closed.

15. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein for sliding movement when engaging the strike plate upon closing movement of the door, and for pivotal movement when engaging the strike plate upon an opening movement thereof, means to dog said bolt against movement when the door is closed, and means to lock said clogging means in inoperative position.

16. In a lock, a case, and a bolt pivotally and slidably mounted therein, said mounting comprising cooperating pins and guideivays therefor on said bolt and case.

17. In a lock, a case, and a bolt pivotally and slidably mounted therein, said mounting comprising pins on said bolt and guide slots formed on the case in which the pins are mounted.

1 8. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein for retraction by either pivotal or bodily sliding movements, a stem attached to the bolt and a spring surrounding the stem to normally urge said bolt to protracted position.

19. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein and adapted to be retracted by contact with the strike when the door is moved in an opening direction, and a dogging slide to dog said bolt in protracted position.

20. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein and adapted to be retracted by contact with the strike when the door is moved in an opening direction, a dogging slide to dog said bolt in protracted position and means to move said slide to inoperative position.

2l. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein and adapted to be retracted by contact with the strike when the door is moved in an opening direction, a clogging slide to dog said bolt in protracted position and means extending without the casing to move said slide to inoperative position.

22. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein and adapted to be retracted by contact with the strike when the door is moved in opening direction, a dogging slide to dog said bolts in protracted position and key operated means to render said slide inoperative.

23. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein and adapted to be retracted by contact with the strike when the door is moved in an opening direction, a dogging slide to dog said bolt in protracted position, and means controlled by the opening and closing of the door to move said slide into and out of operative position.

2d. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein and adapted to be retracted by contact with the strike when the door is moved in an opening direction, a clogging slide to dog said bolt in protracted position and a dog controlling plunger to control the position of said slide.

25. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein and adapted to be retracted by contact with the strike when the door is moved in an opening direction, a clogging slide to dog said bolt in protracted position, a lever having a portion engaged with the slide, and a dog controlling plunger to control the position of the lever.

26. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein and adapted to be retracted by contact wit-h the strike when the door is moved in an opening direction, a clogging slide to dog said bolt in protracted position, a lever having a portion engaged with the slide, and a key operated bolt -engaging said lever to render the slide inoperative.

27. A lock case, a bolt movably mounted therein, means for holding said bolt against retraction by the door strike when the door is moved in an opening direction, means to release said holding means and permit said bolt to be so retracted, and means to lock said holding means in inoperative position.

28. In a lock, a case, a bolt movably mounted therein, the bolt head having a bevelled face, and a back substantially normal to the edge of the case, and means for mounting said bolt in the case to permit it to swing so that the normal side of the bolt head becomes in effect a bevelled side to contact with a strike plate, and causes the bolt to be retracted slidably into the lock.

29. In a lock, a case, a bolt movably mounted therein, the bolt head having one side at an oblique angle to the edge surface of the door and another side substantially normal thereto, and means to permit the normal side to swing to a protracted position wherein it makes an oblique angle with the surface of the door, and cams the bolt slidably into the lock case.

30. In a lock, a case, a bolt pivotally and slidably mounted therein, said bolt having a beveled side to engage the strike plate to retract the bolt, and another side to engage the strike plate to hold the door closed, and means to cause the slidable retraction of the bolt by contact of the last named side with the plate.

31. In a lock, a case, a bolt mounted therein and adapted to be retracted by contact with the strike when the door is moved in an opening direction, a dogging slide to dog said bolt against retraction, a lever to control said slide, a dog controlling plunger to control the lever, and a key operated member to actuate said lever to hold the slide in inoperative position regardless of the position oi said plunger.

32. In a look, a case7 a bolt mounted therein adapted to be retracted by Contact with the strike when the door` is moved in an opening direction, means to dog the bolt in protracted position, and key operated means to render said dogging means inoperative.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set lny hand on this Ith day of November, 1921.

WILL-IAM J. CARROLL.

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