US1656051A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US1656051A
US1656051A US184982A US18498227A US1656051A US 1656051 A US1656051 A US 1656051A US 184982 A US184982 A US 184982A US 18498227 A US18498227 A US 18498227A US 1656051 A US1656051 A US 1656051A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cylinder
engine
valve
exhaust valve
combustion space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US184982A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stephen I Fekete
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
American Motors Corp
Original Assignee
Hudson Motor Car Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hudson Motor Car Co filed Critical Hudson Motor Car Co
Priority to US184982A priority Critical patent/US1656051A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1656051A publication Critical patent/US1656051A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4285—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of both intake and exhaust channel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/243—Cylinder heads and inlet or exhaust manifolds integrally cast together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10262—Flow guides, obstructions, deflectors or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10281—Means to remove, re-atomise or redistribute condensed fuel; Means to avoid fuel particles from separating from the mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10288—Air intakes combined with another engine part, e.g. cylinder head cover or being cast in one piece with the exhaust manifold, cylinder head or engine block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/22—Side valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F02M35/1045—Intake manifolds characterised by the charge distribution between the cylinders/combustion chambers or its homogenisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • My present invention relates to improvements in four-cycle internal combustion engines for use in motor vehicles, and particularly to the parts which perform the working a cycle of the engine, these being the cylinder and piston, valves, combustion chamber and spar plug, a
  • nternal combustion engines of this type depends in part on the ratio of compression, the higher the ratio the greater the power developed and the less the ad consumption. Likewise, the more heat that is converted into work, the less heat there is to be carried oil through the-cooling system and the exhaust.
  • spark knock socalled
  • Various schemes have been tried to eliminate spark lmoclr, and to permit an increase in the sill ciency of the engine. Examples of such schemes are the so-called anti-knock fuels, polished combustion chambers, catalytic agents in the cylinders, etc; but these are all expensive, inefiective or unsatisfactory for one reason or another.
  • the 'nverhead valve type of engine is also unsuit able because, although the breathing is good, the valves cannot be made large enough and still be properly cooled. Furthermore, this type of engine is subject to another serious disadvantage, namely, that since the exhaust valve is above the piston the unvaporized fuel, which is always present, can escape only did lid
  • the inlet valve is placed in a position overlapping the exhaust valve and the cylinder, that is, with its axis betweenthe axis of the cylinder and the axis of the ex.- haust valve, and the combustion space is extended over the cylinder no more than is necessary to provide for the passage of as from the inlet valve to the engine.
  • the inlet and exhaust valves are so located that the blast of cool inlet gas blows directly onto the exhaust valve and cools it, thus keeping it from warpin or reaching an excessive temperature whic in turn Wlll cause detonation.
  • a further advantage is that since more of the potential energy of the fuel is converted into useful work and less into heat, there is less heat to be carried off by the cooling system pression is most violent at the point where it begins and is less so at a greater distance from the starting point, has its starting point in the engine embodying my invention at a distance from the cylinder so that, by the time the piston is reached, it is softened and less violent. Perhaps also the direction of the explosion, which is at right angles to the direction of movement of the piston, has something to do with the effect observed. At any rate, the difference is unmistakable and is indisputably the result of the location of the spark plug with relation to the other parts of the engine.
  • inlet and exhaust valves are so placed with relation to each other that any unvaporized fuel which passes the inlet valve falls directly onto the exhaust valve and is thus vaporized and burned or, if unvaporized, goes out through the exhaust without diluting the lubricating oil in the crank case.
  • the engine embodying my invention shows an increased horsepower at all speeds and a large increase in horsepower at high speeds. This is accomplished y a decrease in fuel consumption, the motor is cooler and there is less difficulty in exhaust pipes, gaskets, mufliers, etc.
  • the total result is that it ispossible for the first time to produce a largeengine of high efiiciency, with an unprecedented performance, pos sessing the speed and economy of the high cfimpression motor with the smoothness and complete absence of spark knock and the wide range of flexibility heretofore associated only with a low compression engine.
  • Fig. 1 is a horizontal section taken on line l1 of Fig. 2 of an engine embodying my invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2---2. Fig. i.
  • Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 3. showing a slightly modified construction.
  • Fig. 4 is a. horizontal section of an engine en'ibodying my invention in modified form.
  • At 11 is shown a portion of the cylinder casting, at 12 the exhaust passage and at if one of the exhaust valves.
  • the cylinder head which in the form shown in the drawings is separate from the cylinder block.
  • the main inlet passage is shown at 15 and the several branches at 16. 17 and 18.
  • the water acket for the cylinder head is shown at 19.
  • At 20 is shown the combustion space of the engine being partly over the cylinder C and partly over the exhaust valve 13.
  • an inlet valve which is inverted and opens downwardly into the combustion space 20 thus connecting one of the branch inlet passages with the combustion space.
  • each of the cylinders is identical except for the shape of the inlet passages and therefore only One is described.
  • the valve rocker is shown at 22 and the valve spring at 23.
  • At 24: is shown a spark plug by means of which the mixture is exploded.
  • the relations of the exhaust valve, inlet valve and cylinder are quite different from the ordinary practice.
  • the exhaust valve 13 is placed as close as practicable to the side of the cylinder C.
  • the inlet valve 21 is placed with its axis between the axis of the cylinder and that of the exhaust 'valve and with its edge overlapping the edge both of the exhau t valve and of the cylinder.
  • the hot exhaust valve serves to vaporize any unvaporized particles oat fuel and therefore improves the combustion and the fuel economy of the engine and prevents fouling of the combustion space, cylinder head, spark plug and valve stems.
  • the sparlr lugs 24 are placed as shown in Figs. 1 an d, on the sides oi the cylinder head adjacent the exhaust valve, but it proiterred they may be placed about centrally of the cylinder as shown at 24 in Fig. 3.
  • the cylinder head is designated '14, the cylinders G, the inlet valves ill, the
  • the engine constructed as described has by reason oil the relation of the parts a very small combustion chamber relative to the displacement, and a. very small area of piston exposed to the heat; consequently the combustion is comparable to that of a much smaller engine of standard design, more heat goes into work and less energy is wasted
  • the engine shows a marked increase in efiiciency, but this is not accompanied by preignition or overheating of the exhaust valves ,Wh'at Tclaim is:
  • an enhaust valve opening into the combustion s ace be side the cylinder, and an inverted inat valve opening downwardly into the combustionlllll ltlll valve and the cylinder, and the portion of the combustion space over the cylinder being limited to that portion immediately around the inlet valve.
  • an exhaust valve opening into the combustion space beside the cylinder, an inverted inlet valve opening downwardly into the combustion space, said valve overlapping the exhaust valve and the cylinder, and'the portion of the combustion space over the cylinder being limited to that portion immediately around the inlet valve, and a spark plug adjacent the side of the exhaust valve and .at a distance from the cylinder.
  • an exhaust valve opening into the combustion space, an inverted inlet valve overlapping the exhaust Valve and the cylinder, the inlet passage leading to the intake valve entering from the exhaust valve side of the cylinder and turning downwardly pastthe inlet valve so that the incoming mixture and particularly the heavy particles thereof'will impart flow across the exhaust valve.
  • thecombustion space of the engine be- 1 of the cylinder head being elsewhere substantially in the plane of the top of the cylinder, whereby the portion of the combustion space over to the cylinder is confined to a portion of a cylinder.
  • An internal combustion engine having a combustion space extending from a point above the cylinder to a point at one side thereof, an exhaust valve at the side of the cylinder opening upward into the combustion space, an inlet valve opening downward into the combustion space and overlapping the adjoining sides of the cylinder and exhaust valve and a spark lug adjacent the exhaust valve and remote from the cylinder.
  • An internal combustion engine having a combustion space located in part over only a portion of the cylinder and is in partat one side thereof, an exhaust valve at the side of the cylinder opening upward into the combustion space, an inlet valve opening downward into the combustion space and overlapping the adjoining sides of the cylinder and exhaust valve and a spark plug adjacent the exhaust valve and remote from the cylinder.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
US184982A 1927-04-19 1927-04-19 Internal-combustion engine Expired - Lifetime US1656051A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US184982A US1656051A (en) 1927-04-19 1927-04-19 Internal-combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US184982A US1656051A (en) 1927-04-19 1927-04-19 Internal-combustion engine
GB18511/27A GB288865A (en) 1927-07-12 1927-07-12 Improvements in or relating to internal combustion engines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1656051A true US1656051A (en) 1928-01-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US184982A Expired - Lifetime US1656051A (en) 1927-04-19 1927-04-19 Internal-combustion engine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1656051A (is")
FR (1) FR637520A (is")
GB (1) GB288865A (is")
NL (1) NL20528C (is")

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2660988A (en) * 1952-10-27 1953-12-01 Nash Kelvinator Corp Manifold
US2664864A (en) * 1950-08-31 1954-01-05 Kaiser Frazer Corp Engine head
US3176668A (en) * 1961-06-21 1965-04-06 Kiekhaefer Corp Manifold structure for internalcombustion engines
US4712519A (en) * 1985-03-11 1987-12-15 Kubota Ltd. Intake manifold for a three-cylinder air-fuel mixture suction type engine
CN111636986A (zh) * 2020-07-08 2020-09-08 重庆宗申航空发动机制造有限公司 一种航空发动机及其进气系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59103955A (ja) * 1982-12-07 1984-06-15 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd 水平対向型６気筒内燃機関の吸気構造
JPS59103956A (ja) * 1982-12-07 1984-06-15 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd 水平対向型６気筒内燃機関の吸・排気構造
FR2912784A1 (fr) * 2007-02-15 2008-08-22 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Moteur a combustion interne comportant un repartiteur d'admission d'air et procede de fabrication d'un tel repartiteur

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2664864A (en) * 1950-08-31 1954-01-05 Kaiser Frazer Corp Engine head
US2660988A (en) * 1952-10-27 1953-12-01 Nash Kelvinator Corp Manifold
US3176668A (en) * 1961-06-21 1965-04-06 Kiekhaefer Corp Manifold structure for internalcombustion engines
US4712519A (en) * 1985-03-11 1987-12-15 Kubota Ltd. Intake manifold for a three-cylinder air-fuel mixture suction type engine
CN111636986A (zh) * 2020-07-08 2020-09-08 重庆宗申航空发动机制造有限公司 一种航空发动机及其进气系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB288865A (en) 1928-04-19
NL20528C (is")
FR637520A (fr) 1928-05-02

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