US1621719A - Spiral casing for hydraulic turbines and the like - Google Patents

Description

March 1927' M. HAEBERLEIN SPIRAL CASING FOR HYDRAULIC TURBINES AND THE LIKE Filed July 9. 1925 ablom rCk. w

Patented Mar. 22, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MAX HAEBERLEIN, OF MAPLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO WORTHINGTON PUMP AND MACHINERY CORPORATION, OF NEI/V YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF VIE- GINIA.

SPIRAL oAsrne non HYDRAULIC Ton-nines Ann was LIKE.

Application filed July 9, 1925. serial No. 42,349.

This invention relates to improvements in spiral casings for hydraulic turbines and the like.

The invention aims particularly to provide an improved spiral casing construction for hydraulic turbines which shall be comparatively cheap to manufacture, strong and durable. The improved casing consists of a plurality of tubular members formed of sheet or plate metal arranged to be 'conr bined with a small section of the volute preferably cast in one piece and including, in addition to the nozzle and a section of the stationary vane ring with one or more of the vanes, means for enabling the supply pipe to be secured thereto for delivery to the volute inlet. The tubular members formed as above stated preferably are abutted and welded together, and this feature, in connection with a sectional vane ring to which the tubular members may be secured in any suitable way, enables the easing to be made up in the shop in sections which may be quickly joined together in the field. The welding of the joints between the tubular members results in a volute or spiral casing having a relatively smooth interior, with" consequent large reduction in water friction as compared with casings in which sheet or plate metal tubular members are joined together by rivets or lap joints. It also permits a substantial reduction in the general size of the casing as compared with prior casings of the types referred to with riveted or lap joints and reduction in weight and cost as compared with cast iron or steel casings as heretofore constructed. Other novel features of the invention not specifically referred to above will be hereafter fully described.

To enable the invention to be fully understood, a detailed description thereof will now be given in connection with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate an embodiment of the invention in a preferred form,

and the features forming the invention will then be specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of the improved casing, partially in section, and looking in the direction of the turbine axis;

Figures 2 and 3 are, respectively, sections on the lines 22 and 3-3 of Fig. 1, and

Figure 1 is a plan view of the casting forming the small section of the improved casing.

Referring now to the drawings, and par ticularly to Fig. 1, the spiral casing is shown as made up of four sections indicated generally by thenumerals 10, 11, 12 and 13. The first three of these sections, 10, 11 and 12, when made in accordance with the present arrangement, may, if desired, be preformed in the shop, so that they may be placed end to end in the field and readily secured together by rivets or otherwise. It will be understood, however, that this is not essential, and that a greater or less number of such sections, preformed in the shop or otherwise made up, may be used. In the preferred embodiment of the invention shown, the sections 10, 11 and 12 are each made up of a plurality of tubular members 15, which may be advantageously formed of sheet or plate metal. The tubular members are shown as formed on straight lines in the direction of flow, as common in such casings, but their walls may be formed on the proper spiral curvature of the spiral casing so far as the present invention is concerned. It will be understood, also, that any desired number of such tubular sections may be provided to form the sections to 12. The small section, 18, hereinafter more fully described, consists of a casting having formed integrally therewith all the parts necessary to eo-operate with the rest of the structure, and particularly the sections 10 and 12, to form a spiral such as shown in Fig. 1. The vane ring15 preferably is pro vided with flanges 16 on both sides to which the edges of the tubular members 1 5 of the sections 10, 11 and 12 may be secured by rivets or otherwise. This vane ring, for convenience in manufacture and assembling of the casing parts, is preferably divided into a plurality of sections corresponding in number to the sections 10, 11 and. 12 of the casing and with the joints of such ring radially in line with the joints of the casing sections. Each of the ring sections is shown as having two of the stationary vanes formed integrally therewith, although this is not essential. The remaining section of the ring is formed integrally with the cast section 13. In order that the tubular members 1-5 of each of the sections 10, 11 and 12 may be joined together in a strong and durable manner without the use of rivets, so as to secure a considerable reduction in water friction and permit a general reduction in the size of the casing as compared with sectional casings ha ing lap or riveted joints between the tubular membe s, the ends of such members in the present casing are abutted and welded together in any well known manner.

One of such welded joints is indicated at 6 in section 11. In addition to the advantages above stated, this enables the sections 10, 11 and is to be preformed in the shop and packed with economy of space in shipment and convc iencc in handling in the held. or theniafrimum strength, the joints be tween the tuluilar members 1 of each of the sections should be welded both ins side and outside, altl'lough an oiiit-side weld be secured together by bolts or otherwise.

One or more stationary vanes, as 20, in addition to the nozzle 18, may be formed integrally with this cast section, if desired.

While the structure thus far described vill be found strong and durable for turbines of various sizes, and especially the smaller sizes, and will provide a construction which may be conveniently made up in sections for assembly in the field, in addition to the other advantages referred to above as to reduction in size and elimination to a considerable extent oil? water friction, it may be found desirablein casings for the larger or turbines to form the tubular members, or some of them. in two parts. For convenience in manufacture, the line of division between such parts preferably longitudinal with respect to the member and in a central plane in radial alinement with the axis of such member in its position of use, as indicated, for example, at a, Fig. 2. This two-part formation of the tubular members may, of course, be followed as to all of such members and in large as well as in small turbines. In the smaller size turbines, however, it may be found desirable to thus divide the larger tubular members only. By thus dividing the tubular members they nay be readily'manufactured in any well known manner at a comparatively small cost, and the plates thus formed may be nested together for economy of space in shipment.

At the point of installation of the turbine these member parts may be oined together at their circular joints as above descrlbed,

while the longitudinal joint may be completed by a band or butt-strap and rivets, as indicated, for instance, at b, Fig. 2. This method of joining the longitudinal joints is preferable from the standpoint of strength and durability, as the stresses on such joints are much larger than those carried by the circular oints.

While the spiral casing or volute shown has been described as especially suitable for hydraulic turbines, it will be understood ti at casings similarly constructed may be used with advantage in other apparatus, such, for example, as blowers. It will be understood, also, that various changes in the form and arrangement of the parts shown and described may be made while still retaining the invention defined by the claims.

ll hat is claimed is:

1. The combination with a spiral casing for hydraulic turbines and the like formed of a plurality of tubular plate metal members having their adjacent ends abutted and welded together, of a vane ring to which said tubular member is secured, and a cast section including a nozzle at the end of the spiral, said cast section including a section of the vane ring and having flanges arranged to cooperate with an inlet pipe for securing the latter to said casing.

2. The combination with a casing for hydraulic turbines and the like formed of a plurality of oined tubular plate metal members arranged in the form of a volute, of a sectional vane ring to which said tubular members are secured, and a cast section at the end of the volute, said cast section in cluding a nozzle and at least one of the vanes of said vane ring.

3. The combination with a casing for bydraulic turbines and the like formed of a plurality of pie-formed sections, said sections being made up of a plurality of tubular members having their adjacent ends abutted and secured together by a welded joint and said pre-formed sections being arranged to be joined together in the form of a volute, of vane ring sections to which said volute sections are secured, stationary vanes carried by the vane ring sections, and a cast section including a section of the vane ring arranged to be joined to the inner end of the volute.

e. The combination with a casing for hydraulic turbines and the like formed of a plurality of tubular plate metal members having their adjacent ends abutted and joined together by a welded joint, of a cast section including a nozzle and a stationary vane, vane ring sections to which the tubular members are secured, and flanges on the cast section arranged to co-0perate with an inlet pipe for securing the latter to the casing.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set In hand.

y MAX HAEBERLEIN.

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