US1570730A

US1570730A - Ratchet mechanism

Info

Publication number: US1570730A
Application number: US56505A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lano Roy A De
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1925-09-15
Filing date: 1925-09-15
Publication date: 1926-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 1943-01-26

Description

1,570,730 R. A. DE LANQ RATCHET MECHANISM Filed sept. 15, 1925. 2 sheets-sheet 1 Jan. Z6 1926.

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Jan. 26 1926. R. DE ANO 1,570,730

RATCHET MECHANI SM Filed sept. 15, 1925 2. sheets-smet 2' tool embodying my improved ratchet head;

Patentedl Jan. 26, 1926.

UNITED STATES ROY A. DE LANo, oE EUGENE, OREGON.

EATCHET MEcH'ANIsM.

Application filed September 15, 1925. Serial No. 56,505.

T0 all whom t concern:

Be it known that I, ROY A. DE LANo, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Eugene, county of Lane, and State of Oregon, have invented certain new and useful Impro-vements in Ratchet Mechanism, of which the following is a specification. y n

The object of my invention is to provide a strong but simple ratchet mechanism' which is compact and thus readily adaptable to be incorporated in any machine in which a ratchet is desired. For example, I have shown two machines, namely, a lifting jack and a scraper blade turner in which my im; proved ratchet mechanism has been incorporated.

A further obj ect of my invention is to provide a ratchet head of this type which is adapted to engage the threads of a screw directly, thus to obtain an'extremely secure engagement therewith. To eect this result I millor otherwise form slots longitudinally of the screw, through the threads thereof, so that'the pawl or other engaging device carried by saidl ratchet head is permitted to seat in said grooves to prevent the turning of said head in one direction.

The details of my invention and the mode of operation of two embodiments thereof are hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a substantially-longitudinal section through a lifting.,]`ack,embodying myV improved ratchet mechanism;

Fig. 2 is a larger scaled transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is axsimilarly increased scaleddraw- Aing taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section taken substantially on the same line as Fig. l through the main screw and the adjusting 'nut thereon; A

Fig. '5 isv a (fragmentary section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a plan V1ewl of a tool for turning scraper blades used in woodworking, said and Fig. 7 is an elevation of said tool with portions shown as broken away to disclose details of construction.

The lifting ack embodying my invention comprises a main screw a carried by a footlike base b, said base being releasably held thereto by a pin c. The helical screw thread a is provided with longitudinally arranged notches a2, as shown in the figures, and an internally threaded nut d is mounted on said screw. and provided with ay releasable pawl' c adapted to engage one of said longitudinally arranged notches a2. Said pawl is provided with a bevel face e and with a stralght face 'e2 so as to grip said notches in one direction of rotation, and to pass freely over the same 1n the opposite dlrection. Said pawl is mounted in a radially arranged aperture j in the shouldery al of said operating nut and is held in engagingposition withv said notches by a coiled spring g. Said pawl is also provided with an elongated shank es which extends outwardly through said aperture and is journaled in a threaded nut h and carries an indicating lin i on its outer extremity as Vshown in Fig. 3. A radially arranged pin j is also carried by said pawl and engages either of' two slots y" or i2 in said recess f.

When the pawl is arranged as shown in Fig. 3, it prevents the relative clockwise movement of said shoulder d about the screw a. To permit said clockwise rotation, the pawl is pulled outwardl by said iin z' so that the radially arrange pin 7' will become disengaged from its slot j and is turned oppositely so that the pin j will engage the slot i2 to permit the reverse operation of lsaid jack.

Said operating nut d is provided with a threaded end d2 which is adapted to screw into the casing-like collar or :jack head k upon which the rotatable load-carrying cap Z is mounted. Said cap l is preferably car-y tudinally externally arranged slots d", and said head n carries an engaging pawl o` which is lsimilar in all respects tothe pawl e, being provided with a beveled face o and a straight face o2, being encircled 'by the coil spring g', and having a spindle-like eXtension o3 extending through thevnut L; said spindle-like extension 03 carrying a fin-like indicator v1. The recess f therefor is provided with radial slots j and j for receiving the pin j* therein which can vbe turned so as to arrange the beveled face 0 to cause clockwise or counter-clockwise rotation of said operating nut d relatively upon the screw a. Said head n carries a pivoted socket p upon a pivot pin p extending across the ears a thereof. Said socket p is thus permitted pivotal movement about said pin p so as to permit the operating handle Q, received in said socket, to be operated at any desired vertical angle.

To extend the jack so as to lift an object, the jack is placed with its cap Z under the object to be lifted and with the base?) upon a support. The pawls e and o are arranged oppositely with the pawl 0` adapted to turn the nut d so that it will climb upon the threads a of the screw a, then by oscillating the operating handle g, said pawl o moves said head about said screw and the pawl e will pass over and engage the grooves a? formed in the threads a of the screw a. Saidl pawl e prevents the reverse movement of said nut when the operating lever is being moved backward, relatively, to obtain a new hold' to further extend the jack. When the jack is to be reversed both of said pawls are reversely arranged so as to present their beveled faces oppositely to the grooves to cause the jack to be retracted so that it can be removed from under the object being lifted.

In Figs. 6 and 7, I show my improved ratchet mechanism as embodied in a tool for turning the end of a scraper blade 2, said scraper blade being held between the jaws 3 and 3a of a vise. Said tool comprises an L- shaped body4 upon which a screw 5 is set perpendieularly. The end of said body 4 is referably formed to constitute one of the jaws of sald vise, the jaw 3a being shown in the iigures as being integral with said body.

The jaw 3 is relatively movable and is actuated bythe turning of the screw 6 provided with a handle 7. The head 8 of said vise is provided with two sliding rods 9 which connect said head 8 and the jaw 3 of the vise and form with said parts, a rigid structure.

Thus by turning said screw 6 in the vise, said head 8 and thus the jaw 3l will be moved either towards or away from said relatively fixed jaw 3a.

The improved ratchet mechanism which embodies my invention comprises a head 10 which is journaled upon a nut 11, said nut being provided with an enlarged shoulder '11l against which said head bears. Saidnut,

in the shoulder 11", is provided with a retractable pawl mechanism 12 which isheld by resilient means so as to engage the longitudinally formed notches 13 formed 'in the threads 51L of said screw 5. A collar 14 is mounted upon the threaded e'nd 11b of said nut and is held in said position by a setI screw 15. The head 1() is thus journaled upon the periphery of said nut. 11 and held.

gagement with said notches so as to engage said head with said collar, when said head is rotated in one direction, and to permit the relative disengagement thereof when said parts are rotated relatively in the opposite direction.

Said head is provided with outstanding ears 10a and a socket 17 is journaled between them, being mounted upon a pivot pin 18. In said socket a handle 19 is mounted, said handle carrying a piece of hardened steel 20 which serves as an instrument for turning -the cutting edge of the blade 2. Said piece of hardened material preferably has notched ends 2Oa and one of said notched ends is engaged by a set screw 21, the other being held by a correspondingly recessed portion 19a of said handle. ,i

To use said tool in turning the cutting edge of a scraping tool, the ratchet head is arranged so as to lie adjacent the body 4 with the'operating handle 19 extending in a more or less vertical plane. The

pawls

12 and 16 are set so that they will engage the notches 13 in the screw to cause said ratchet head to move upwardly on the `latter. The handle is then oscillated back and forth with the workin edge of the piece of hard material 2O bearmg against the cutting edge of the scraper blade which is` gripped firmly between the jaws of the vise. As said cutting edge is stroked by a piece of hard material, the ratchet head is caused yto climb upon the screw 5 and thus as it climbs the handle 19 progressively assumes a more horizontal position and thus the cutting edge is acted upon by the piece of material 20 so as to cause said cutting edge to be turned in a sharper angle relatively to the body of said tool.

I claim: y

1. In a power device'of the character described, a base, a threaded screw provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged notches in the threaded portion thereof, said screw being carried by said base, a nut threaded upon said screw, said nut being provided with a pawl normally arranged to engage one of the notches on said screw to prevent the relative rotation of said parts in- 2. In a power device of the character described, a baseja threaded screw provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged notches in the threaded portion thereof, said screw being carried by said base, a nut threaded upon said screw, isaid nut being provided with a pawl normally arranged to engage one of the notches on said screw to prevent the relative rotation of said screw and said n ut in one direction.

3. In a power device of the character described, a base, a threaded screw provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged notches in the threaded portion thereof, said screw, being carriedby said base, a nut threaded upon said screw, said nut bein provided with a spring controlled paw normally arranged to engage one of the" notches on said screw to prevent the relative rotation of saidvscrew and said nut inL one direction.

4. In a power device of the character described, a base,- a threaded screw provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged notches in the threaded portion thereof, said screw being carried by said base, a nut threaded upon said screw, said nut being provided with a shoulder at one end in which a pawl is located which is'normally arranged to engage one of the notches on said screw to prevent the relative rotation of said screw and said nut in one direction.

5. In a power device of the character described, a base, a threaded screw provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged notches in the threaded portion thereof, said screw being carried by said base, a nut threaded -upon said screw, said nut being provided with a pawl normally arranged to engage one of the notches on said screw to prevent the relative rotation of said screw and said -nut in one direction, a head journaled upon said nut, and co-operating means carried by said head and nut, respectively, adapted to cause the engagement Iof said parts when they are relatively rotated in one direction and to cause their disengagei.

ment when rotated relatively in the opposite direction.

6. In a power device o f the character described, a base, a threaded screw provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged notches in the threaded portion thereof, said screw being carried by said base, a nut threaded.u on said screw, said nut being provided with a pawl normally arranged to engage one of the notches on said screw to prevent the relative rotation of said screw and said nut in one direction, a headjournaledv uponV said nut, a handle, co-operating means carried by said head and nut, respectively, adapted to cause the engagement of Jsaid parts when 'they are relatively rotated in one direction and to cause their disengagement when rotated relatively in the opposite direction.

7. -In a power device of the character described, a base, a threaded screw provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged notches in theA threaded portion thereof, said screw being carried 1 by said base, a nut threaded u on said screw, said nut being provided wlth a pawl normally arranged to engage one of the notches on said screw to prevent the relative rotation of said screw and said nut 1n one directlon, a head )our-V naled u on said nut, and engaging means carried Ey said head and adapted to engage the notched nut when said head is rotated relatively in one direction and to release the same in the opposite direction,

8. In a power device of the character described, a base, a threaded screw provided with a pluralit of longitudinally arranged notches in the t readed portion thereof, said screw' being carried by said basef a nut threaded u on said screw, said nut being provided with a pawl normally arranged to engage one`of the notches on said screw to prevent the relative rotation of said screw and said nut in one direction, a head journaled upon said nut,a pawl carried by said head and adapted to'enga e the notched nut when said head is rotate relatively in one direction and to release the same in the opposite direction.

9. In a power device of the character described, a base, a threaded screw provided Awith a plurality of longitudinally arranged notches in the threaded portion thereof, said screw being carried by said base, a nut threaded upon saidV screw, said nut being provided with a pawl normally arranged to engage one of the notches von said screw to prevent the relative rotation of said screw and said nut in one direction, a head journaled u on said nut, a spring extended pawl carried y said head 'and adapted to engage the notched nut when said head is rotated relatlvely in one direction and to release the Same in the opposite direction.

10. In power device Vofthe'character described, a base, a threaded screw provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged notches in the threaded portion thereof, said screw being carried by said base. a nut threadedvupon said screw, said nut being provided with a shoulder at one end, the opposite end of said nut being provided with an external engaging means, a collar engaged by said latter end, a head journaled upon said nut and seated upon said shoulder and held by said collar against longitudinal movement upon said n'ut.

ll. In a power device of the character described, a base, a threaded screw provided with a pluralit of longitudinally arranged notches in the t readed portion thereof, said screw being carried by said base, a nut threaded upon said screw, said nut being provided with a shoulder at one end, the 0pposite end of said nut being rovided with an external thread, a collar t eaded upon 10 said latter end, a head journaled upon said nut and seated upon said shoulder, and held by said collar againstI longitudinal movement upon said nut. v

12. In a power device of the character described, a screw provided with helical thread, said thread being provided with a plurality of longitudinally arranged grooves adapted to be engaged by a rato et-like operating device.

ROY A. DE LANO.