US1552307A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

G. JERLING Sept. l, 1925. 1,552,307

Locx Fild Jan. 25. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fgm Patented Sept. 1, 1,925.

UNITED srares GOTTFRIVED J'ERLING, OF

eA TENT OFFICE;

Loox;

Atpn'cation' mea January 25, 1922. serial my. 531,783.

To all wzomt may' concern: -v Y Be it known that I, Gorrrmnn JERLING, a. subject of Austria, residing at Gary,in the county of Lake and State of- Indiana, have invented new vand useful Improvements in Locks, of which' the followi-ngisj a speciication. f This invention relates to locks employing a main key-operated bolt and a latch-bolt which is operated by' a. knob-spindle.

The invention has for its object to provide a novel and improved construction and arrangement of tumblersfor the main -bolft whereby 'the picking of the lock is rendered extremely difficult and practically impossible.

The invention also has for its object to provide an arrangement oftumblers and a'n actuator for the main bolt, whereby they same are operated by a longitudinal movement of a key, and without-any turning movement thereof. I 1

A further object of thev invention is to provide a lock in which the: turning ofthe inside knob retracts both bolts, Y 1

Various other objects and advantages Aof the invention will be'pointed out .in the de tailed description appearing l hereinafter, andgin' order that thesamemay be` better understood, reference is had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this' specification.

In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation of the lock showing bothbolts advanced; Fig. 2 is a si-milar View showing the main bolt retracted; Fig.y 3 is ain elevation showing both bolts retracted; Fig. 4 is a perspective' view of a` certain part which is carried by 'the knob-spindle; Fig'. 5' is a. cross-section of the lock as installed g Fig.-'6 isan inverted plan View ofy a pair .of-tumbiers, and Fig.- 7 isa pla-n view of a knob-'spindle locking me'a'ns.-

Referring specifically to' the drawings, l0 denotes the main bolt of the lock andv 11 .the latch bolt. These' two bolts andthetumblers and other parts associatedl therewith are mounted in a casing 12 adapted to be mortised into the edge of a door or'V other closure vand secured inany approved manner. The inner and outer door knobs are shown at 14 and 1 5, respectively. the' spindle thereof at` 16, the latter passing thro-ugh the door and the lock casing.

The bolt 10 is operated by a lever 19 fulcrumed'on a post 2O carried by the lock casing, the connection between said boltA and lever being made by a pin or stud 2l projectingY from the formerand seating in a slot22 in the latter adjacent to one end thereof. The other end of the lever'19'has va shoulder 23, the function of whichv will lever are two longitudinallyspacedv lugs 28 and 29' between which the free ends o-f the tumblers 25 and 26,'A and the'lever 27 are located. l I Y A The lever 27 is y'above theV tumblers and passes close to the'bo'ttom lug 28, and when it isswung in a counter-'clockwise direction, it swings lever 19 vin a directionfto retract the bolt 10, it bei-ng' understood, of course,

that the lever must first be: released, it beingy locked by the tu'mblers 25 and 26.l In

order that the tumblers may lock theV lever, their free ends have "ratchet edges,- 'the ratchet teeth of the tumbler 25 being shown at 25a and those of-tumbler 26A at 26a., The two tumblers are held spread by va spring 30 so that the ratchet Yteeth engage the lo-wer lug28, and the ratchet teeth 26d the upperlug 29. The spring v3() tends tov swing' the tumbler 25 downwardly to keep the teeth 25a of its bottom edge in engagement with the lug 28, whereas' the tumbler 26 is forced upwardly by the spring to keep the teeth 26FL of its top 'edge in engagement with the lug 29.y The spring 30 is' coiled around the pos't24 and has one free end pressing against a. pin 31 depending from the under side of tumbler 25, rwhereasl the other free end of the spring presses against a pin 32 depending from the tumbler 26. From the outer face of the lever 27, extends a pi'r'iil against which presses a .spring 34a anchored cn post 24, said spring tending to' opposev the swing of the lever 27 in a direction to'effeet retractionl of the bolt 10. Thevspring 34 alsol operates tov advance the bolt- 10' by' pressing the lever 27 against the upper lug 29 of the lever 19` From the under side of tumbler also depends a pin 35 having a function to be presently described.

The lever 27 and the tumblers 25 and 26 are operable by a key insertablel from the outside of the door. This key, shown at 36, does not operate the lever and the tumblers by a turning movement, but swings the same by being pushed through apertures therein. The aperture of the lever 27 is shown at 27", that of tumbler 25 at 25h, and that of tumbler 26 at 26". The lever 27, which operates the bolt actuating lever 19, must be swung downwardly for retracting the bolt 10, whereas to effect the'release of said lever 19, the tumbler 26 must be swung downwardly and the tumbler 25 upwardly.

'Figure' 3 shows the tumblers in released position. The apertures 25h, 26b and 27b are not in perfect alinernent but are somewhat 30v to prevent insertion of a false key. The key staggered with respect to each other, and hence when the keyV 36 is pushed into the apertures it tends to bring the latter into alinement, so that the pressure of the key against the edges of the apertures causes the lever and the tumblers to swing` in the proper direction to effect the release of leve-r 19 and the retraction of .the bolt 10. In the aperture 27 b of the lever 27 is a barrier 27c 36-will therefore have to be slitted in the direction of itsy length, as shown at 36a in Figure 5, to clear the barrier. It willv be noted uthat the forward end of the key 36 is pointed so that itn may enter therestricted opening formed by the partly alined apei1M tures 25", 26b and 27h, and as the key is pushed forwardly, its wider portion, by a wedging action, causes the tumblers 25 and 26, and the lever 27 to swing as describes.

The tumblers 25 and 26 are provided with a plurality of ratchet teeth 25a andV 26ain order to augment the protection. Thus if' the tumblers were jimmied to ljerk over sufficiently to allow lever 19 to recede past one tooth; the next tooth would stop further movement of said lever. It will also be noted that the ratchet teeth are on both or opposite edges of thetumblers, so that if an intruder should succeed in swinging the tumblers to assume a crossed relation, the teethon the reverse edges would engage the lugs 28 and 29 to lock the lever 19.

The bolt 10 is also adapted to beheld in retracted position by a pivoted detent. 37 having one end adapted to engage the lug 29, and the other end of the detent being engageable byV apivoted cam member or tripper 38. The detent 37 is pivoted on a stud 39, and the cam member 38 is pivoted on a stud 40, these two studs being carried by the lock-casing. Cam member 38 has a forward extension 38a and a curved tail section 381. Both the detent 37 and the cani member 38 are fitted with springs 37a and 38, respectively, exerting pressure in a clockwise direction, the spring 37a being, however, more powerful than the spring 38.

The lock is also provided with the usual trigger 41 for holding the bolt 10 in retracted position. f n

The knob spindle 16 is fitted with a collar 42 which turns with the spindle and has radially projecting fingers 43 and 44, and recess 45 in its inner end. Behind the collar 42 is a sleeve 46 having a radially tending finger 47, which seats in the recess 45. The collar and sleeve are in axial alinement, and are adapted to receive the spindle 16, so as to turn with the latter when either door knob is operated. The

collar is bored square, as shown at 48, tov

remain fixed on the spindle, while the sleeve, being intended to have a small amount of relative motion or play for a purpose te appear later, is bored'round and made `to extend through the adjacent walls of the lock and door, so as to have fit-ted to it the inner knob 14.y Between the knob and the door, the sleeve 46 is cut with a transverse slot 49 through which the usual screw-stud 50 is passed into the spindle, securing the sleeve and spindle against relative movement in the direction of their length. The slot 49 permits relative rotary motioinrhowever, to provide a small amount of play between' the knob 14 and the spindle, as

suggested above. Y

The finger 44 extends into a recess 11bv in latch bolt 11 for -retractingY the samefand a rspring 50 anchored to vapost 51 is provided for advancing said bolt. Finger 43 isadapted to engage the tail section 38b of cam member 38 to swing the same against the tension of its spring 38". The spring 37 presses against detent'37, as mentioned, to swing the same in a direction to engage lug 29 for i locking the 'lever 19. The finger 43 is wide,

being thus adapt-ed to also engage the slioul- '-1 der 23 of lever 19 to swing said lever in a direction to retract thebolt 10.

The finger 47 is adapted' to engage and Y rock a lever 54 fulcrumedon the post 51 and having a pointed or wedgeshaped en d 3 54a seating between the pin 35 of'tumbler 25 and the pin 32 of tumbler 26, so that when the wedge is'advanced, said tumblers are swung to release the lever 19.

Figure l shows the position of the various parts when kthe door 13 is locked, the bolts 10 and 11 being both advanced. Upon inserting the proper key 36, the tumblers 25 and 26 are swung to release the, lever 19,

and the lever 27 swings in a direction to l Lisseov recedes," now swings to engage the same, thereby locking the lever l19`to hold the'y bolt 10 in retracted position. The latch' bol-t v11 is still in advanced posit-ion, and to retract the same, the outer knob 15 is turned in a clockwise direction, and as the collar 42 turns with the knob spindle 16, the fin-ger 44 swings in a direction to retract the bolt 11 against the tension of the spring 50. As the collar starts to turn, its finger 43 engages the tail section 38" of thecam 38 and rocks said cam inA a direct-ion to lowerits forward extension 38a olea-r of a shoulder 11a on the latch bolt so as not to impede the rearward travel 0f said bolt.Y yFigure shows the cam '38 rocked as just described. The rocking of the cam 3S in the direction describedr has no `effect on the detent137, lso that the bolt 10 is still held in retracted position. The door 13 can now be swung open,

and upon'rele'asing the lknob 15, the latch bolt ll'is automatically' advanced by its spring 50, so that thehead of the latch 'bolt passes from its position upon the extension 38, permitting the 'cam member to make a partialre'turn swing by force of its spring 38, tothe position shown in Figure 2; Now, when the door is pushedv closed and the bolt 11 engages the strike plate of the keeper, said bolt is forced back, so that its shoulder 11L strikes the extension 38a, causing the cam lmember to tilt a further distance and press with its frontal edge against the'back of the detent 37, thereby rocking; said detent from the position which it holdsfthe bolt 10 retracted, as shown in 2, tothe vposition shown in Fig. 1, in` whichlat'ter position it 'has slipped offgthe lug"r 29, as the lever 19 is now released, the bolt 10 is advanced automatically the springactuated lever 27 -into its keeper onthe door jamb, the door 13 being now closed.

To open the door 13 from the inside, the knob 14 is turned, which, through finger 44 'I retracts the latch -bolt 11.` vThe motion of the knob sleeve 46, is not immediately 'trans mitted to the spindle 16, dueto presence of the transverse` slot Y4,9, VwhichA permits the sleeve to turna 'short distance `before engagin'gbthe screw stud 50 vof'th'ejspindle. The collar 42 iszalsol Vngt affected by 'the ini-tial'motion of the knob sleeve,` due tothe length of therecess 45 relative to thew'idth ,55, of the linger 47. 'The lost motion thus pro;

duced permits the" sai'dfinger 47'to bear on lever 5 4 and .swing thesarne in'la'direction to force its wedge-shaped end .54? forwardly between the pins 32 Aand 35 of the -tumblerbs 426r and25, whereby saidtumblers are swung to 'take' their ratchet ,ends V,clear of thelugs 28 and 29 and thus leavelthelever 19 free. Upon continuing to turn the knob 14the finger 43 pressesv against-the.. shoulder'23 oflever 19 and swings said l,leverin ,adirec-V tion to draw the bolt 10 back,

' Figure 7 shows a slight 'modification which makes it impossible to'fturn the vouter knob 15 lto retract latch 'bolt 11 unless the main bolt 10'is fully retracted, thu'smaking the latch bolt act as a locking bolt 'until the main bolt is fullyretracted.v To accomplish this, the bolt 10' has a shoulder 10a engaging the end ofa lever 55 provided at its other end with'a ho'ok 55, andxinterinediate its ends, with a shoulder 55". The lever 55 is held pressedl against the bolt shoulder l0aM by a spring' 56, and hence it swings when' the bolt 10 advances. VVhe-n the *bolt 10 begins lto advance, the lever 55 swings to engage its hook 55a with the finger 43, and hence the knob; spindle 16 is now locked'and7it cannotbe turned until the bolt 10 is retracted almost fully and' swings the lever 55 in a direction to 4take the hook 55a clear of the finger 43.l The latter being part'of the collar 42,'and the collar being fixed On the spindle, it willy be obviousthaft ythe outer knob cannot be turned.l The case diHers as to 'the inner knob, for aparti'al turn ofthe same will be sufficient to cause finger 45 to bear against lever V54 as pre'- viously described, :1,1'id'direct an extension 57 of said lever to engage' shoulder 'E55b of lever 55, so as to cause the latter `to swing in a directionto take its hook 55a' clear of the finger 43, so that theknob spindle 16 is now fully released.l The-lever 55 ispositioned behind the ,cam '38, 'the fingerv 43 being parts. n n Y 4 l "In order that the 'sleeve 46 not ifmpedethe removal of the lock fromv the door inthe usual manner, the lock wall and door stockopposite vthe knob 14'ai"e"cuft `witha slot 58 communicating with thes-leeve open# ing',` to furnish an exit passage forU the sleeve finger V47 as the :sleeve is drawn out. I claim: E 1. Ina lock., the combination with 'a bo'lt, of a plurality of tui'nblersv therefor hai'ingv apertures which are staggered and'in partialalinenient to form av restricted opening when the tumblers are'inbolt-holding position, va key hav-ing a width greater than thatv of fthe opening the ins'erti'on'- of which' into the openingfnioyes vthe tumbler's in opposite directions, snchniovenient ofl the tumblers eiiectingthefrelease ofthe bolt,

van'dgmeans acted upon movement of fsaid- 1,2;

i y o.,

' '2; .nl sleek, tia-,castiaaaonwat een,

:plurality-.0f @meer@renferme hghnollgh to operate both '.o'fsaid l tumbler for shifting the tumblers, such movement of the tumblerseffecting the release of the bolt, and means acted upon by movement of said key in the direction of its length for retracting said bolt.

3. In a lock, the combination with a bolt, of tumblers therefor, a bolt-retractor, said tumblers and the retractor having apertures `which are staggered and in partial alinement to form a restricted opening, and a keyv having a width greater than that of the opening for moving the tumblers and the retractor to release and to retract the bolt when said key is inserted into the opening.

4. In a lock, the combination with a bolt, of tumblers therefor, a bolt-retractor, said tumblers and the retractor having apertures which are staggered and in partial alinement to form a restricted opening, and a key having -such a width that when it is inserted into the opening it engages yopposite edges of the respective tumbler apertures and one edge of the retractor aperture, for shifting the tumblers and the retractor to effect the release and the retraction of the bolt.

5. In a lock, the combination with a bolt, of a lever having an operative connection with the bolt, tumblers for locking the lever, an actuator for the lever, and a key for operating the tumblers and the actuator, said p' key, the tumblers and the actuator having cooperating parts whereby the movement of the key solely in the direction of its length operates the tumblers and the actuator.

6. In a lock, the combination with a bolt, of a lever having an operative connection with the bolt, tumblers for locking the lever, said tumblers having ratchet teeth and the lever having lugs engageable by the ratchet teeth, an actuatorfor the lever, and a key for operating the tumblers and the actuator, said key, the tumblers andthe actuator having cooperating parts whereby the movement of the key solely in the direction of its length operates the tumblers and thel actuator.

7. In a lock, the combination with a bolt, of alever having an operativev connection with the bolt, tumblers for locking the lever, said tumblers having ratchet teeth and the lever having lugs engageable by the ratchet teeth, an actuator for the lever, said actuator and the tumblers having key-receiving apertures which are staggered and in kpartial alinement to form a restricted opening, and a key having a width greater than that 0f the opening for moving the tumblers and the actuator to effect the release and the actuation of the lever.

Y 8. YIn a.lock,the combination with a bolt,

of a lever having an operative connection Y with the bolttumblers for locking the lever,

said tumblers having ratchet teeth and the lever having lugs engageable by the ratchet aperture, for shifting the tumblers and the actuator to effect the release and the actuation of the lever.

9. In a lock, the combination with a bolt, of a lever having an operative connection therewith, tumblers for locking the lever, earch tumbler having ratchet teeth on opposite edges, and the lever having a lug engageable by one of the toothed edges of` one of the tumblers, and another lug engageable by one of the toothed edges of the other tumblers for locking the lever, the other toothed edges beingengageable with the lugs upon an abnormal movement of the tumblers, and operating means for the tumblers.

l0. In a lock, the combination with a bolt, of a lever having an operative connection therewith, tumblers for locking the lever, each tumbler having ratchet teeth, and the lever having lugs engageable by said ratchet teeth, and a key for operating the tumblers, said key and the tumblers having cooperating yparts whereby the movement of the key solely in the direction of its length moves the tumblers in a direction to disengage their ratchet teeth from the lugs.

11.*In a lock, vthe Vcombination .with a bolt, of a lever having an operative connection therewith, tumblers for Vlocking the lever, leach tumbler having ratchet teeth, and the lever having lugs engageable by said ratchet teeth, an actuator forther lever, and a key for operating the tumblers and the actuator, said key,l the. tumbler and the actuator having cooperating parts whereby the movement of the key solely in the direction of its length moves the `tumblers in a direction to disengage their ratchet teeth from the lugs and operates the actuator.

12. In a lock, the combinationwith a bolt, of a'lever having an operative connection therewith,'tumblers. for locking the lever, each tumbler having ratchet teeth, and-'the lever having lugs engageable by said ratchet teeth,anactuator for the lever, said actuator and the tumblers having apertures which are staggered andzin'partial alinement to form a restricted key-receiving opening, and a, key having` avwidth greater than that of the opening `forfrnoving thetumblers ,in a direction tol disengage their ratchet teeth from the lugs and to operate the actuator.,fy

13. In va lock, the combination with a bolt, of a leverV having an operative connectionl therewith, tumblers for locking the lever, each tumbler having ratchet teeth, and the lever having lugs enga cable by said ratchet teeth, an actuator for t e lever, said actutor and the tumblers having apertures which are staggered and vin partial alinement to form a restricted key-receiving opening, land a key having such a Width that when it is inserted in the opening'it en ages opposite edges oi" the respective tumler apertures and one edge of thev actuator for shifting the tumblers to disengage their ratchet teeth from the lugs and to operate the actuator.

14. In a lock, a main bolt, a knob-controlled latch bolt, and means independent of said latch bolt and lcontrolled by the main bolt for locking the knob.

15. In a lock, a main bolt, a latch bolt, a knob spindle having means for operating the latch, and a lever having means independent oi said latch bolt for locking the knob spindle, said lever being in the path of the main bolt for actuation thereby to release the knob spindle when the main bolt is retracted.

16. In a lock, a main bolt, a latch bolt, a knob spindle having means for operating the latch and carrying a projecting finger, and a lever engageable with said {inger for e locking the knob spindle, said lever being in the path of the main bolt for actuation thereby to rele-ase the knob spindle when the main bolt is retracted.

17. In a lock, a main bolt, tumblers for said bolt, a latch'bolt, a knob spindle having means for operating the latch, a lever having means for locking the knob spindle, said lever being in the path of the main bolt for actuation thereby to release the knob spindle when the main bolt is re.- tracted, tumblers Afor the main bolt, a releaser for said tumblers, and means carried by the knob spindle for operating the releaser, said releaser also having means for swinging the aforesaid lever to spindlereleasing position. A

18. In a lock, a main bolt, tumblers for said bolt, a latch bolt, a knob spindle hav- Y ing means for operating the latch, a lever having means for locking the knob spindle, tumblers for the main bolt, a releaser for said tumblers, and means carried by the knob spindle for operating the releaser, said releaser also having means for swinging the aforesaid lever to spindle releasing position.

19. In a lock, a main bolt, a latch bolt, operating means for the main bolt including a swinging member` operatively connected to said bolt, a detent enofaneable with said member when the main bolt is in retracted position to hold the bolt in such position, and means controlled by the latch bolty for tripping the detent, said means being operable when the latch bolt is forced back as the part to which the lock is applied reaches its closed position.

20. In a lock, a main bolt, operating means for said bolt including a swinging member operatively connected thereto, a detent engageable with said member when the main bolt is in retracted position to hold said bolt in such position, a latch bolt,

a knob 'spindle having an operative connection with the latch bolt, a tripper for the detent operable by the latch bolt when the same is forced back as the part to which the lock is applied reaches its closed position,

and means carried by the knob spindle for sov arg..

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