US1420344A - Desuperheater - Google Patents

Description

L. l. SCHAEDLE.

DESUPERHEATER. Amm/mon man Mu. 23, 19201 1,420,344. Patented June 2o, 1922.

l g I '28" f 5 I 10| v n l-l. n l ,2.5.

. l 31? Pf STATES- LEO J. SCHAEDLE, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

To all wzfomit may concern.' v

Be it known that 1 LEo SCHAEDLE, la citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny-and State of Pennsylvania, have invented n'ew and useful Improvements in Desuperheaters, of which the following is 'a specification. The principal object of this invention is to permit a steam boiler plant furnishingsup'erheated steam to deliver superheated steam to one type of'steam engine, such as `a high pressure turbine, 'and saturated steam to a type of steam engine or other dejvice requiring such kindof steam for its operation. This'invention is particularly .useful where an industrial plant contains old types of steam engines ,operable by. satuv rated steam and where it is desired to install modern typesof steam engines operable by superheated steam. Inthis combination a single boiler plant can supply superheated steam, a part of which may be saturated for use in the old types of engines, whose replacement owing to their high cost cannot' be replaced by units .using superheated steam without heavy financial losses.

Referring to thejaccompanying drawing, lFig. l shows a central vertical section of my invention, some parts being in elevation, and Fig. 2 shows a section of the valve 25 and adjacent 'parts I` show a desuperheater having two vertical chambers lor drums 1 and 2 preferably in axial alinement and of circular cross-sections.v The drum 1 is tapered downwardly vas `shown at 3, its lower contracted end opening into a tubular con'- neictor 4 of restricted cross-area, whichyconn nector is attached at opposite ends to the drums J1 and 2 and constitutes a means of communication between their interiors.l

Each drum constitutes together with its in-- terna] structure a steam separator. 1

The upper end of therdrum. 1 has the contracted outlet 5 to be' connected to drive -a steam-turbine or other engine employing superheated steam. Supei'heated steam is supplied-to the `drum 1 by the inlet pipe 6 l attached, for example, to the middle of yone side of the drum,'whichhas the inlet opening 7 in line with the pipey6. The opening 7 has fitted therein a short tube 8 extending toward the center of the drum and provided at its inner end -with thev 'downwardly-turned i Specification of Letters Patent. PatentedyJulle Application led January 23, 1920. Serial No. 353,512.

'DESUPERHEATER.

velbow 9 is 'the conical baille 10 having its apex or ax1al center arranged in line with the vertical center line of the drawing 1y and the mouth of the elbow 9. There is an annular passage 11 between the drum and the yeriphery of the baffle.

ithinfthe drum 2 and near the uppe end thereof is the collecting conical baille 12` havingl its apex directed downwardly'and lying in the vertical'center lineof the drum and the connector 4. There is an annular passage 13 between-the drum ,.2 and the pe-l riphery of the baille. F romithe apex of the baille 12 there extends downwardly a vsmall drain .pipe 14. Beneath the baille 12 is a second downwardly-tapering or conical baille 15 having its periphery connected to the drum 2 and its lower end' truncated and extended downwardly by the vertical center.

pipe 16 which is ypreferably considerably larger thancthe nozzle opening y23. Below the center pipe there is a conical baille 17 having its apex extendirfg upwards and in the center line ofthe center pipe 16. The

drum 2 has the outlet 18 for saturated steam connected thereto between the bailles 15 land *17.v The condensate from the steam collects in the drum -2 below the baille 17 and maybe drawn oil in anyI suitable manner,-

for example, by steamtraps (not shown) ,connected tothe nipple vor short tubes 19 connectedto the outlet pipe 20. -The water gage 21of usual construction shows the level of the water or condensate'therein.

.22- is .a downwardly directed spraying'- `head arranged directly and centrally below the outlet or nozzle 23 at the-bottom of the drum 1. The spra ing head 22 is connected by the pipe' 24 wit a-supply of water preferably under high pressure. "In this pipe is a vthermostatic Yvalve 25 or otherwater controlled by heat.

30 of the valve-25 through the pipe 26 and returned by the pipe 27 .p The element 30 -may-be an accordion-shaped vessel contain- Steam from ,the outlet A18 is supplied to the'therr'nostatic elementi ing a liquid which ischanged to gas when i heated toa ,sufficient temperature,k The gas pressure in the4 element 30 elongates the lat; Aterl and pusles up the'valve'stem 31, therefrom its seat. The element '30 is in a chamber 34 separated'vfrom thecha'mber'35 for 'the' elbow 9 having the c enter of its mouth orfwater. passing through the. valve lseat and lower endat the axial center of the drum. Within the drum 1 and -directly below .the

y into the pipe 24, The element 30 maybe of any-expansive' type. The one described .iS

by causing t edv'alve proper 32 tobe raised extensivelyused with radiators of automo` tion window covered bythe hand-plate 29.'

The` operation of the described invention is as follows: uupe'rheate'd steam enters the I npfperseparator/at the inlet and traverses vt epipe 8 andelbow 9. 'The steam issuing f om the elbow 9,r'impinges on the baiiie 10 and ltakes two courses. One part o f it passes in its superheated, or relatively dry, condition through the outletto the steam engine or engines or`other apparatus requiring' su' perheated steam'. Another part of the steam after passing over `the -baie 10 continues' downwards through the annular passage 1l, along the tapered wall 3, and then through the contracted nozzleiopening 23 and down 25 the connector 4. The steam increases its ve- `in the second drum, for admitting water to locity along the Wall 3 and issues at high velocity'from the nozzle -23 andjin case the valve 32 is open, itpicks up the spray from the head 22, the spray and the steam Vintermingling.v Fromthe connector 4 the steam and watery vapor are discharged or'dashed into the collectingbaiiie 12 where the steam and vapor are more thoroughly mixed and `atomizei. orIhe steam and vapor then move 35 up oler the baiiie 12vand escape through the f' annularpassage 13 with theirvelocity again lincreased, whereby theyp'ick up more moisj ture owing to the increased velocity, The

mingled steam and vapor pass Non f down! 40 ward, the baiiie 15 bringing them to the central pipe 16, whichidirectshtheni in an expanding condition against the baiiie 1.7. During'the travel of the steam'downwardly the :fwater has become thoroughly atomized, due

to their expansion, contraction, and changes in velocity. llhe stean now thoroughly saturated passes Afrom' the lower separator vthrough the outletA v18 toany suitable'apparatus using saturated steam. vAt the baiile 17 just before the'steam passes out of the separator, any excess ofy water in the steam is diverted downwardly into thebottom of the. lower separator.

lf the steam passingthrough the pipe to the thermostatic element 23 ofthe valve 25 has the temperaturecorresponding to the desired degree of'steamsaturation (the thermostat being'set to open the valve if the -tema peratul'e of its' actuating element is above ,that required for vsaidfdegree of saturation)," the valve '32 remains closed;l but, iflthe tem.

fperature of the steam passing through the outlet- 18 rises above that correspondlng. to

l the desired degree-of saturation, the hotter 'steam traversing the'I p1pe'26 causes the oper-` `drum, for admitting water to the last named ation of the valve 32 and the `,discharging 'of water sprav from the head 22 into the connector 4. Here the steam picks up the spray which causes its temperature to fall. When the steam hasbecomesaturated tothe said degree, the cooler steam from the pipe l26 causes the valve 32i/to close. The opening and closing of the valve 25 occurs automatically as the steam is below saturation or at saturation. e

Modifications of my invention may be made without sacrificingA the principles thereof.

claim: 1. The combination of a drum, means for admitting superheated steam into the same, outlet means leadingfa portion of thesuperheated steam from the drum, a lsecond'drum communicating with the first drum, means for increasing the velocity of a portion of the steam at some period lof its travel from the iirst drum to the second drum, means for admitting water into the steam-during its increased velocity, and means, depending pony the degree of saturation of the steam the last named means whenthe saturation 1s belowa predetermined degree and cutting' off the water when the saturation is of saidde ree. f

The combination of a drum, means for admitting superheated steam into the same,

"outlet meansleading a portion of the superwater intothe steam duringl 'its' increasedV velocity, and means, dependingupon the dea grec of satlration ofthe steam in the second means when the saturation is below :apredetermined degree and cutting oi the water when the saturation is of said degree.

3;"The combination of a drum, means -fo v aglmitting'superheated steaml into the same, outlet means leading a portion ofthe superheated steam from the drum, a second drum communicating with the iirst drum; a contracted nozzle for increasing the velocity of a portion of the steam at some period of its travelA froml theL firs drum. to the second\ drum, means for lad 'ittingwater into the.Y steam 'during gitsfincreasedj velocity; and means, depending upon thedegree of satuf ,ration of the steam in thesecond drum, for

admitting superheated'steam into the same, 'l..3v

'io l gree of saturation of the steam inthe second drum, for admitting water to-the last named means when the saturation is below a predetermined degree land cutting 'oif the water when the saturation is of said. degree.

`5. The combination of a drum, ,means for admitting superheated steam. into the same,` outlet means leading a portion of the superheated steam from the-drum, means for pro# jecting the steam away from the said outlet means, a second drum communicating'with the iirst drum, a baille for spreading the projected steamfa second drum communicating 'i with the first drum, means for. increasing the velocity of a portion of the steam at some period Qfits .travel from the first drum to the second drum, vmeans'for admitting water into the steam during its increased velocity, and means, depending upon the de;

gree of saturationyof the steam inthe sec ond drum, for ,admitting Water tothe last named means when the saturation -is below a predetermined degree and cutting -ol' @he water when the'saturation is of said degree.` 6. The combination of a drum, means for admitting superheated steam into the same, outlet means leading a portion of the 'super-l heated steam from the drum, a second .drumcommunicating with the firstdrum, means for increasing thefvelocityof aportion yof the steam at some period', of its-travel from the first drum `to the second.dru1'n,meansf or` admitting water in the form ospray 'into the steam duringits increased velocity,'an means,dependingfupon the degree 'off-saturation of the steam inthe second drum, for

admitting water Ato the last namedz'means when thel saturation is below: a" prede.- termined degree and cutting of f the water when the saturation is of said degree.

7 The combination of a'drum, ,meansV forV ladmitting superheated steam into the" same, outlet means leading yaportion ofthe super-A heated steam'from thedrumfa second druml communicating lwith lthe first drum, means' for `increasing the velocity oifla @portion of the steam at some' period of its travel from the firstV drum to thejsecond drum, vmeans water into the steam during for admittiig velocity, means causing the itsv increase V'water in the steam to becdmemore finely subdivided and more: intimately mixedfwith the steamfand means, depending upon the degree of saturation of the? Steam inthe second drum, for-admitting water to the vlast named means when the saturation is below a predetermined degreeand cutting off the' water when the saturation is o f\,said' degree.

8; The combination of a drum, means for admitting superheated 'steam into` the same,l

outlet means leading a portion of the superheated steam from'thekdrum, a second d rurn` communicating with the first drum,` means for increasing the velocity of a portion of the steam at'. some period of its v travel from' the first drum to the second drum, means for Aadmitting water into-the steam during its' increased ve1ocit'y`,a 'baiile )in the path ,of the watered steam, and means, depending upon the degree of saturation of the steam in` the second drum, for -admitting water to the last namedjme'an when the saturationl is below a predetermin d degree and cutting oil" the Water when the saturation is of said degreev 9. The combination-of a drum, means lfor.

admitting lsuperheated steam into Vthe same,

outlet means leading a portion of the super-l heated steam from the drum, a Asecond drum communicating with the first drum, means for increasing the velocity of a portion of the steam at vsome period of its travel -from thefirst drum to the second drum, means for admitting water into,the steam during its `.increased vel city, a dished collecting baflie arrangedin t epath of the watered steam,

andmeans, depending upon the degree of l saturation of the steam in the second drum, 4for admitting water to the last named means when the saturation is'` below a predeter- -mined degree and cutting oil? the water when Athe saturation is of said degree.

.10. 4 The combinationl of a drum, meansl for admittingv superheated' steam into `vthe\ same,

`outlet means leading a portion' of the superheated steam from the drum, a second ldrum communicating with the first'drum, means for increasing the velocity of a portion of the steam .at some period ofits'ltravel from' the' first drum to the second drum, lmeans for admitting Iwatenintothe steam during its increasedvelocity, a "dished' collecting baille 'arranged' in the path of the watered vsteam spacedrom'the wall of the second drum se as .to create anannularpassage for the steam 'passing from, the collecting baffle -and means, depending uponthe devree o saturation ofthe steam in: the secondsA drum,

.for admitting waterto the last named means when the4 saturation is belowa predeter mned `tiegreeand :uttingol:l the `water when the saturation is vof said degreel 11. The combination of a drum, means forl admittin superheated steaml intothe `same,

outlet means leadin a' portion of the super.- heated steam from t el drum, a second Idrum communicating with the first drun, means for increasing the velocity of a portion of. vthe 'steam at some period of its traveldfromI the first drum 'to the second drum, means for.

admitting water into the steam during its increased velocity, a baile arranged to .spread .the watered steam, a second baie beyond the said baie to contract.' the 'saidsteam, and means, dependingupon the degree of saturation of the steam in the second drum,A for admitting Water to the last named means when the' saturation lis below a' predetermined degree andrcutting ofi' the water when the saturation is of said degree.

12. The combinationof a drum, means for admitting suplerheated steam into the same,

`outlet means leading a portion of the superheated steam from the drum, a second drum communicating with. the first drum, means. for lnereasing the velocity of a portion of the steam' at some period'of its travel from thevirst drum to the second dru-m,` means for admitting water into lthe steam lduringI for admitting water to the last named means when the saturation is below a predetermined degree and cutting off the Water when the saturation `is of said degree.`

Signed at Pittsburgh, Pa., this 19 day of Januaryrl920.

' LEO J. soHA-EDLE.

Images