US1811302A - Elastic fluid turbine power installation - Google Patents

Description

M. D. CHURCH ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE POWER INSTALLATION Filed Sept. 13, 1927 June 23, 1931.

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MAYNAR'D D. CHURCH, OF WELLSVILLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB T0 LIOORE STEAM 'JIUlt'l'llllV ORPORATION, .OF WELTJSVILLE, YORK, A CORPORATIQN .OF NEW Yonai 'VELASTIC FLUID T'RBINE `POTZEIR/ .INSTALLATION appncation sled september 13,` 1927. serial No. 21eme.

'This invention relates to -steam :turbine anstasllatlonsi-n which heating Yof Water 1n Y several steps is effected byvmeans of bleeder steamV and said heating is automatically control-ledito regulate the temperature of the heated vater issuing from the installation.

, stallation -of grammatic view,

rThe object ofthe :invention Vis to provide an :organization of instrumentalities in a multi-stage lbleeder turbine installation in :which the temperature of the heated Water automatically controls and selects the stage of ,expansion from which 'the lsteam is bled.

A further object of the invention j:is -to provide means combined Vin a vhleeder turbine installation xin Which :the'temperature :of the heated Water will yautomatically control the admission of 7live steam at the Ifirst stage .of the expansion, and thereby the quantity and temperature of the steam available fer heating' water in the condenser heater.

Another object ofthe invention is to fprovideV means 'for simultaneously `and automatically controlling in a bleeder turbine installation the :admission of live steam 4at the first stage :of expansion and the bleeding of the steam fromfsubsequent stages of eX- pansion by 'the temperature of the 'heated Water issuing from said installation.

Other objects and ,advantages of the invention Will appear from the detailed disclosure of the construction and arrangement of the :several instrumentalities :and mode of operation. Y Y Y Y 'lhe invention consists of structural chan acter-istics and relative arrangements ofthe several elements Aand `mechanical expedients,

which Will .be hereinafter Ymore vfully ldis-v closed and particularly pointed: out in the appended claims. y

YIn the drawings-Which represent a diapar-tly in section,fof one and ,the preferred form `of the improved -bleeder multi-stage expansion turbine, '10 is the usual casing provided .with a rotaryshaft 11.

i .Secured to the casing are provided nozzle ,l diaphragms V12, 12, which cooperate A,with the rotor elements of Wheels 13, 13, fixed to shaft 11,;as is usual in this type of iturbinesfand needs no further explanation, and While yI have shown, .as illustrated, five Yrotor elements or Wheels and five stages yof expansion, said numberof rotor elements or Wheels and stages .of expansion may `he `increased or decreased Without in `any Way departing I from the essential features of the present invention.

ltis the high pressure .or live steam inlet leadlng to a `chamber '15 communicating through a nozzle ring with the rst'stage rotor .or Wheel :and said live steam being Controlled by a `high ,pressure valve 1G, Vas shown, and .to be hereinafter described.

17 isa cha1nberpreferahly within the turbine casing, in which `steam is .received after having passed through the first expansion stage and isfshown located between lirst and second .stages o f expansion.

18 isa chamber similar fto chamber ,-17 and is shown between the nfourth and fifth stages of expansion, )and While this disposition of said chambers is herein shown, this .particular arrangement Lcou-ld be varied jin `number and intermediate of any two stages of exlpension depending upon ,thenature .of Work to lbe LaccompliShed land conditions of service to fbe satisfied. More than :two chambers couldzbe used, if desired.

' The final exhaustchamber 19 communicating with the last stage of expansion of the turbine is connected by Tmeans ofthe conduit 20 with the usual surface condenseror heater 21 having .the cold Water inlet 22 and outlet 23 and condensed steam outlet 241;, as

shown.

25 (heater A) is l n vauxiliary condenseror secondary heater which is connected .to intermediate stages fof `.expansion of the turbine Joy means of bleeder opening 2G communicating With `the chamber 17, conduits 28 .and 30, and bleeder opening 27, conduits 29 and 30, as shown, .and While the Aheater y25 is connected through said openings 26 and 27 between the first and second stages .and fourth and fifth stages of expansion.

The Water to the heater passes through the Water passages of .the condenser 21 and condenser or heater 25 in'. succession .or series. Cold Water .enters the condenser 21 through inlet 22, passes,=.thr.ough .the con- (lll -denser or heater 21, yenters the heater or i condenser (A) Y 25, 'by conduit 23, .passes inthe pathof the outgoing heated Water,

through heater (A) 25, and the heated water leaves heaterV (A) 25Y through conduit 261 for storage or selected applcation.

3l and 32 are pipes leading from and interconnecting the condenser 21 and heater (A) 25 for carrying the condensed steam and air Within the heater 26 to the proper connections with thecondenser21, as VwillV be "readily understood and'need no further disclosure.

Within the hot Water outlet or conduit 261 'y is disposed a bulb 33 of a temperature ,responsive device, said bulb 33 containing a volatileV liquid, such as ether, and 1s arranged asshown. The interior ofV the bulb 33 is connected by means of a small tube 34 to a .-cli amber formed Within a collapsible diaphragm -35 of said temperature responsive device, said diaphragm 35 being loaded or resisted in itsY inlation by al spring 36 and is so connected by a rod 37 to the high pressure or live steam controlling valve 16 to regulate the position of said valve 16 With respect to its seat forpurposes to be presently described. Within the conduit 28 connecting the bleeder opening 26 with the g heater `(A),25 is provided'a bleeder regulatl ing valve 38 provided kwith and connected up with a similar arrangement lof rod 39, spring 40, collapsible diaphragm 41,V tube`42, and bulb 43 vWithin-the conduit 261, and

Loperating in the same manner, as Will be Y presently "described kvvith respect to the Operation of valve 16. Y

Disposed Within the conduit 29 connecting the bleeder opening 27 With the heater (A) 25 is provided a bleeder regulating valve 44 of the"stop-check. type Which is capable of being closed eitherby the heat respensive or thermostatic device 'or by a reverse flow of; steaml through it, and saidl valve 44 is 1;; VVlilrevvl'ise connected up with the same'series of instrunientalities, ynamely,'rod 45, spring 46,

diaphragm 47, tube 48, and bulb 49 Within the conduit 261,7as referred to in connection with valves 16 and 38.k

kAny of the common andivell known heat responsive devices Would lbe readily suggested and may be substituted for the `means herein shown and described. y, lt will also be Amanifest and understood to be contemplated by the present invention to employ otherk motive iuids besides` steam andV increase or decrease the stages of expansionl and number of bleeder openings, and heat other liuidsthan Water, ifso desired, and. the invention'may be applied to other forms or" multi-expansion en a turbine is herein shown and described, and

by high pressure steam? or live steam, I mean anyrpressure of motive fluid suitable for operation of lthe engine:V

Gines, although The turbine installation being constructed and arrangedv as hereindisclosed, and there being a supply of Water causedVV to pass through the Water passages of condenser 21 and heater lows:

Y through the second, third and fourth stages ofexpansion into chamber 18, and a portion passes or is bled through the .opening 26, conduitl28, through valve 38 andl conduit 30 into the heater (A) 25 and heats the .Water passing through said heater 25.

It the pressure Within the chamber18 is i greater than the pressure in heater 25, a portion of the expanded steam flowing from thev Jfourth stage of expansion.v into Vsaid vchamber 18 will flow through bleeder opening 27 conduit 29, valve 44 and conduitA 30 into heater (A) 25 Where it will give up heat to the `Water passing through the heater, and be condensed. f Y 'f It, however, thev steamV bled fromy chamber 17 causes the pressure Within the heater (A) 25 to be 'higher than the' pressure in chamber 18, then stopfcheck valvev44 will close and prevent' liovv' into chamber 18 from heater (A) 25. Y

The expanded and reduced pressure steam, exhaustedfrom the nal stage of expansion into the final exhaust chamber 19'passes through the conduit 20. into Vthe condenser or heater 21,y and givesthe cold Vfluid its initial heating and said fluid receives anadditional "1 and higher Adegree of heating in passing through the heater 25.V The heated `fluid emerges lfrom said heater 25 into conduit 261 vand comes in contact lwith said bulbs 49, 43

and 33,'andifthe temperature of said `heated fluid is such as to expandthe ether orother gas in said bulbs 49, 43 and 33.tosuch an extent and beyondthe properly adjusted and desired" pressures for the correct ordesiredV operation 'of the installation, 4said pressures Within the bulbs49, V43' and 33 and their respective connected tubes 48, 42 and 34v will act on and inla'tetheir respectivev collapsible bled from subsequentstages of expansion in order to restore the correctand efficient operation of the turbine installation, and at the same time properly and vsuiiiciently heat the quantity of VWater or other Vfluid issuing from conduit 261for the purposes intended. l'

(A) 25, the operation is as fol- The setting oradjustment of the three temperature responsive vaives may be such that they Will open in the desired sequence With decreasing Water temperature and close in reverse order With increasing Water teniperature. It is evident that the temperature control of valve 44C could; be omitted and this control system still be effective With certain limitations. Also the temperature control of valve 16 might be omitted and the control system be effective Within limits. Either or both of these modifications may be made Without departing from the scope of my invention. f

From the foregoing disclosure of the construction and arrangement of the different cooperating instrumentalities of the installationand their mode of action, it Will be seen that all the objects and advantages indicated in the statement of invention have been most efliciently carried out and an installa tion of a multi-stage bleeder turbine has been devised in Which a turbine is efficiently operated and automatically controlled to produce power efficiently with the same steam which is used to heat a fluid to a constant and predetermined temperature, and it Will be self evident to any one skilled in the art that the particular arrangement or disposition of the bleeder openings with respect to the stages of expansion may be varied, and other types of apparatus for the interchange of heat from the exhaust or bleeder steam to the fluid to be heated may be substituted, and Would readily suggest themselves from the present installation Without in any Way changing the essential Y and material elements of the present invention or evading the terms of the claims.

W'hat I claim is: y

y 1. A multi-expansion turbine comprising a plurality of expansion stages, means for supplying high pressure steam to the first stage, a final exhaust passage connected to the last stage of expansion, a primary condenser connected to said final exhaust, secondary exhaust passages connected to a plurality of stages of expansion subsequent tov theV rst stage of expansion and in advance of the last stage of expansion, a secondary heater connected tosaid secondary exhaust passages, said primary condenserV and secondary heater connected in series and arranged to permit a fluid to pass first through the primary condenser and. later the secondary heater, a heated fluid passage connected with the outlet ofsaid secondary heater, and independent means controlled by the temperature of the heated fluid passs ing from the secondary heater to regulate the temperature and pressure of the exhaust steam passing from said pluralitypof stages of expansion into the secondary heater.

2. A Vmulti-expansion turbine comprising a plurality of expansion stages, means for supplying high pressure steam to the first I denser connected to said final exhaust, sec

ondary exhaust passages connected to a plurality of stages of expansion subsequent to the first stage of expansion and in advance of the last stage of expansion, a secondary heater connected to said secondary exhaust passages, said primary condenser and secondary heater connected in series and arranged to permit a fluid to pass first through the primary condenser and later the secondary heater, a heated fluid passage connected With the outlet of said secondary heater, and separate and independent means controlled by the temperature of the heated fluid passing from the secondary heater to regulate the supply of high pressure steam to the first stage of expansion and the temperature and pressure of the exhaust steam passing from said plurality of stages of expansion into the secondary heater.

3. A multi-expansion turbine comprising a plurality of expansion stages, means for supplying high pressure steam to the first stage, a nal exhaust passage connected to the last stage of expansion, a primary condenser connected to said final exhaust, secondary exhaust passages connected to a plurality of stages of expansion subsequent to the first stage of expansion and in advance of Vthe last stage of expansion, a secondary heater connected to said secondary exhaust passages, said primary condenser and secondary heater connected in series and arranged to permit a fluid to pass first through the primary condenser and later the secondary heater, a heated fluid passage connected With the outlet of said secondary heater, and separate and independent automatic means controlled by the temperature of the heated fluid passing from the secondary heater to simultaneously regulate the temperature and pressure of the exhaust stem supplied by and passing from said plurality of stages of eX- pansion into the secondary heater.

4;. A multi-expansion turbine comprising a plurality of expansion stages, means for supplying high pressure steam to the first stage, a final exhaust passage connected to the last stage of expansion, a primary condenser connected to said final exhaust, secondary exhaust passages connected to a plurality of stages of expansion subsequent to the first stage of expansion and in advance of the last stage of expansion, a secondary heater connected to said secondary exhaust passages, said primary condenser and secondary heater connected in series and arranged to permit a fluid to pass first through the primary condenser and later the secondary heater, a heated fluid passage connected With the outlet of said secondary heater, and separate and independent automatic means Cil. A, v

controlled by the temperature `of the heated ud passing from the secondary heater to simultaneously regulate the supply of high pressure steam to the rst stage of expansion and the temperature and pressure of the eX- haust steam supplied by and passing from said plurality of stages of expansion into the Y secondaryl heater.

'In testimony Whereor I have hereunto affixed my signature.

MAYNARD D. CHURCH.

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