US1418768A - Wrench - Google Patents

Description

R. A. WILSON.'

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6.1921.

Patented J mie 6, 1 922.

2 SHEETSSHEET gwwnlo'q v 28. A. M'jan a. A. WILSON.

WRENCH. APPLICATH) HLED JUNE 6. 1921. I

Patented June 6; 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ROBERT A. \VILSON, or DALLAS, rnxe TION, or DALLAS, Traces,

A CORPORATION OF S, ASSIGNOR TO G-UIBERSON CORPORA- DELAWARE.

wnnncn.

Specification of Application filed June 6,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT A. Wilson, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dallas, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in wrenches.

The invention has particularly to do with a wrench which while having many uses is especially adapted for the screwing and unscrewing of well tubing tool joints, but which is not limited to such use.

An advantage of the invention lies in the provision of a cam dog having a gripping face for engagement with a cylindrical object and actuated by means ofa lever which imparts to the dog a rotati've movement whereby said gripping face which is eccentric to its pivot point is caused to grip said object.

A further advantage is a simple positive wrench capable of undergoing heavy duty and withstanding severe strains without slipping, and at the same time one which is easily and readily released.

A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which an example of the invention is shown and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a wrench constructed in accordance with my invention, a portion being illustrated in section to showing underlying parts,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 22 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a modified form of wrench, a portion being illustrated in section to show underlying parts and Fig. 4 is a transverse cross sectional View on the line ir-{t of Fig. 3. g

In the drawings the numeral 10 designates a rigid jaw which is provided with a concaved seat or socket 11, which may have a contour to exactly conform to that of the object received or it may be made on a greater radius. At its outer ends the aw is illustrated and having faced cars 12 which receive the ends of a latch link or keeper 13, which ends are perforated to receive bolts l-ilpassing through the ears 12. One of these Letters P t n Patented June 6, 1922.

1921. Serial No. 475,472.

bolts is removable so that the link may be swung outwardly when it is desired to remove the jaw from the cylindrical object or to place it thereon. It is to be understood that the particular construction of the latch link and the co-operating parts of the aw may be varied and various constructions may be used; however the parts should be of such configurations as to snugly receive the cylindrical objects on which the wrench is to be used.

The jaw 10 is provided with a longitudinal cavity or chamber 15, which is open at both ends as is shown in the drawings. A cam dog 16 is mounted in the chamber 011 a p-ivot bolt l7 suitably fastened in the jaw and positioned at the center thereof. This dog has an arcuate face 18 which is eccentric to the pivot bolt. The dog also has a rear face 19 which is convex at the ends or sides of the dog. The gripping face 18 lies substantially in front of the pivot bolt 17, while the rear face 19 lies substantially in rear of said bolt. I 7

On each side of the center gripping face 18 is provided with serrations or teeth 20,

the teeth on one side of the center being adapted to engage the cylindrical object A when the dog is rotated in one direction and the teeth on the opposite side of the center being adapted to engage the object A when the dog is rotated in the opposite direction. The dog is located so that when it is in a central position as is shown in Fig. 1, its

teeth will slide over the surface of the ob ject A, when the jaw is swung. It is obvious that the teeth being arranged on a face which is eccentric to the bolt 17 will bite into the object A, when the dog is rotated about its pivot point.

For rotating the dog and operating the wrench I provide a handle lever 21 mounted on a pivot bolt 22 fastened in the jaw and passin through the chamber 15. The bolt 22 is alined with the bolt 17 on the longitudinal center axis of the jaw 10. The lever 21 is provided with a shoe or head 23 which preferably has a transverse flat face 24 in contact with the rear face 19 of the do 16. The face 24 is longer than the width of the dog so as to have an ample surface for engagement with the face 19.

It will be seen that by swinging the lever 21 on its bolt 22, the face of its shoe will rideon the face 19 of the cam dog and cause said dog to rotate about its pivot bolt 17 whereby the teeth 20 on one side will he forced into engagement with the object A, while the teeth on the other side will be withdrawn therefrom. The more pressure that is exert ed on the lever 21, the more firmly the teeth 20 will bite into the object A. It will be observed that only a slight movement of the lever 21 from its central position will be necessary to rock the dog and cause it to grip the object A. By swinging the lever to the other side of the longitudinal center the action of the dog is reversed and the teeth on the opposite side caused to bite into the object A, whereby the object A may be rotated in either direction or held against 1'0- tation in either direct-ion.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown a modified form in which a single acting cam dog 16 is mounted on a pivot bolt 17 which is offset laterally from the longitudinal center of the jaw. This dog has an arcuate gripping face 18 and teeth 20 thereon, said face being eccentric to the pivot bolt. The cam has a nose 25 which is engaged by the face 24 of the shoe 28. When the lever 21 is swung the shoe rides on the nose 25 rotates the dog 16 whereby the teeth 20 bite into the object A. This particular form is not reversible and functions in one direction only. It will be observed that in both forms of the invention pressure is exerted on the dog at a point offset laterally from the pivot points of both the dog and the lever and thus the gripping action is increased as the pressure is increased.

lVhen it is desired to release the wrench it is merely necessary to swing the lever 21 to its central position whereby the dog may be rotated away from the cylindrical object by swinging the jaw 10 which will be effected when the lever isswung sufiiciently to permit the teeth 20 to back out of engagement with the cylindrical object. The quick positive gripping action together with a minimum slippage are the salient points of this invention.

What I claim, is:

1. In a wrench, a jaw having a seat for receiving an article to be gripped means for holding the jaw about the article, a cam dog pivoted in the jaw and having a gripping face for engaging the article, said face being disposed eccentrically from the pivot point of the dog, and a handle lever pivoted in the jaw and having a shoe provided with an actuating face engaging the dog at a point ofiset laterally from both the pivot point of the dog and the lever.

2. In a wrench, a jaw having a seat for receiving an article to be gripped, means for holdin the jaw about the article, a cam dog pivoted in the jaw and having a gripping face for engaging the article, said face be ing disposed eccentrically from the pivot point of the dog, and a handle lever pivoted in the jaw and having a shoe provided with an actuating face engaging the dog at a I point offset laterally from both the pivot point of the dog and the lever, said dog having teeth on its gripping face.

3. In a wrench, a jaw having a work engaging seat, a latch link pivoted to the jaw, said jaw having a chamber extending rearwardly from its seat, a cam dog pivoted in the chamber of? the jaw and provided with an eccentric gripping face adapted to be projected into the aw seat, a handle lever, and a shoe on the lever pivoted in the jaw chamber and having a transverse actuating face engaging and exerting a pressure on the dog at a point offset laterally from the pivot points of the dog and shoe, whereby the dog is rotated when the lever is swung.

In testimony whereof I affix my si nature.

ROBERT A. witson.

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