US1410266A - Firearm - Google Patents

Description

J. D. PEDERSEN.

FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED MAY 3. 1920.

11,410,266, Patented Mar. 21, 1922.

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an auto-loac ing r rice.

JOHN D. PEDERSEN, or JACKSON, wYoMIive.

FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed -May 3, 1920. Serial No. 378,470.

To aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN D. PEnnnsEN, a citizen of the United States, residin in Jackson, in the county of Lincoln and State of Wyoming, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more especially to that class of firearms which are usually designated as small arms, and a principal ob ject of the invention is to furnish an improved form and construction of, and assembling means for the side-plates, or stocks, of small-arms, and particularly for auto-loading and automatic pistols.

One class of said small-arms to which my present improvements are deemed to be especially applicable, includesauto-loading pistols having a griprstocl, or handle-portion of the frame or receiver of the firearm, which is adapted to receive a magazine and other operating), mechanism. An improved auto-loading pistol of this kind is described in my Patent No. 1,35%,733, dated Aug. 3, 1920, and granted on my copending application (renewal), Serial No. 311,689, filed July 17, 1919, (originally filed July 30,1915, as Serial No. 42,7749, and the improvements .ierein described and claimed are illustrated in my said patent, but are not claimed thercin. Therefore,for convenience of illustration, I have herein illustrated my present improvements as arranged and applied to the particular kind of frame for auto-load ing pistols, which is shown in the drawi; gs of said patent, to which reference may be had.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, Fig. l is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 is a rear-end view of pistol, and these views substantially correspond with Figs. 1 and 2 of said patent, but the lower part of Fig. 2 is herein shown broken away to line X of Fig. 1, for illustrating certain details.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the frame, B, when of a form as shown in Fig. 4L1 of said patent.

Fig. 41 is a crosssectional view taken in line X of Fig. 3. r

Fig. 5 is a side view, in section, showing the lower portion of the grip-frame portion of the frame B in the position thereof shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

6 is a detail view for showing the operation of certain parts which are illustrated in Figs. 2 and 5.

I Fig. 7 is a perspective View of the righthand stock S, for showing a preferred form and arrangement thereof, as hereinafter more fully explained.

Fig. 8 is a 'section'alview similar to the lower part of Fig. 2, for further illustrating the1 operation of the stock-locking pin 9, anc,

Figs. 9 and 10, are additional detail views for this purpose.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the views. I

For herein indicating in a general way, the style and character of a small-arm of the class to which my present improvements are deemed to be especially applicable, there are shown inthe drawing a few firearm members not directly involved in the operat1on of the present invention. For instance,

as in said patent, C is a breech action-operating slide; m, a magazine-lock; 8 is a firing-train actuator, operated by spring 8 which also has a further function; F, a trigger; G, a gripsafety member, usually of lever-form, and which, is herein shown arranged for being supported on the stocklock pin 9, but which, in practice, may be otherwise supported, or connected; and S, S", are the stocks, or stock-plates, which in this application are designated by S and S,

respectively.

The two stocks, (commonly so-called) or handle-plates, S and S, are herein shown as being of the same form, construction and arrangement, except that they are made lefthand and right-hand, respectively; hence, these members may be referred to individually but without choice, as stock S, and the several duplicated details or features appurtenant thereto, or coactive therewith maybe referred to in a similar manner. However, for convenience of identification when this may be required, the right-hand parts and devices are designated in the drawings by the same reference characters as the left-hand ones, but'with the addition of a prime mark. Thus'a'description of Patented Mar. 21 1922.

either set of such parts will be understood as being applicabie to each said setthereof.

That portion of the pistol-frame B which forms the handle part thereof, is herein desi nated as the grip-frame. This grip-frame, herein designated in a general way by M, 1s preferably of an open construction, having an interior chamber or space for receiving a magazine and other mechanism, which, preferably, may be substantially such as The tute the principal seats or faces upon which the stock S' is applied; this arrangement is further illustrated in the sectional views Figs. d and 5.

Upon the inner edges, 2, 2 ,of the lefthand frame bar 2, (Fig. 3) twopairsof anchorage devices are provided for engaging with coacting devices or portions of the stock S. These anchorage devices of the frame are shown (as a preferable form thereof) as being formed integral with said side portions, or sidewalls, 2, 2 of the grip.- frame, and as extending inwardly from the lines 2 2, which are the forward and rear-,

ward boundaries, respectively, of said openor space M The upper pair of said an- 'horage devices is designated by a 6 and the lower palr by a 6 and all are located within the planes of the outer and inner wall V 1n assembled position.

frames 6 and b 7 For effecting the anchorage-en agement each of said anchorage or Wftll-PPOjQCTJlOYm is undercut, and thus hasa face in an inclined position; these faces are designated by a", 71 a, N, for said anchorage devices or wall-projections (19,6 and a", 5 tively. In practice, these anchor-projections are readily and simply formed by cutting:

The stock S isshown fitting on, and slida bly-supported on the grip-frame M, and is. shown provided with a series of pairs. of anchorages, of which the faces, a, s s3 and 8 are positioned for engaging closely with the coactive frame-faces a, b", aF', a respecing therein a large open space M, which 3, having bly, the detainer, f/ may then be retracted tively, when the stock is in the fully assembled position thereof shown in Fig. 4. To eifect'such assembling of the stock on the frame, the stock S, is first placed on the side of the frame in the lowered position indicated by the dotted out line 19, (Fig. 3) at which time said outwardly projecting anchor faces of the stock are each in a position slightly below and disengaged fromthe coacting anchorage face of the frame-wall; prior to this stock-placing operation, of course, the detainer, or retaining-pin g, should be reciprocated (slid endwise) toward the opposite side of the frame, so as not to prevent the stock S from lying closely upon the frame-wall. Kext, the stock S may be slid upwardly on the frame-wall, until brought into said fully assembled position thereof and during such upwardly sliding moveniont,.each' said anchor face of the stock slid under and into engagement with the corresponding anchorage-projection of the frame, thus forming a rigid interlocking system.

For disassemhling'the stock or stockplate/T S, and removing it from frame-B, a reverse operation is followed. The stock- 'plate retainer,in this instance, the detainer pin (7, is first retracted and the stock then slid down to the dotted-line position thereof. This disengages all of the said anchorage faces of the stock from those of the frame, whereupon the stock is free to be lifted off from the frame-wall. One stock,

been thus removed reciprocataby a sliding movement to the opposite, or left-hand position thereof, thereby releasing or unlocking the other sto'ck, as S, which may then be drawn down and'removed, in like manner as above described. However, either said stock may be removed in advance of the other one, and may be removed and replaced while the other one remains locked its be'stshown in Figs. 9: and T. the stockplate may have a thickened portion, 19. which lies in the plane of side-wall at, when the stock-plate is in assembled position.

i his J0liZlO1i,OI reinforcement, i9"-, is shorter than the frame-opening M so that when the stock is slid up into final position, the end-face 19" of said portion l9 will contact with a wall-face at 2 (Fig. 3), and is thus of a length to limit such stoQlcmovement. Similarly when the stock S is slid downwardly to the extent of disengaging the anchorage thereof, the lower-enitl-face 19 of said reinforcement contacts with a frame face at 2 which thus serves as one means for limiting such downward move ment, and therein indicating to the user that said anchorages are disengaged; this lowered position of stock Sis indicated by the dotted line 19, in Fig. 3. Said reinforcement 19 also serves as a convenient base or carrier from which projects one face of each of the aforesaid coactive'pairs of the anchorage-faces, as will now be evident from the drawing.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that below each pair of the said stock-engaging surfaces of the frame B, there is a clearance space so located that each stock may be placed on its proper side of-the receiver and moved upward to a position which brings the said pairs of engaging surfaces into contact; and that when said stocks are thus assembled, and

the detainer pin 9 is inserted, this pin,

(which is also a pivot-pin in some instances), by projecting on each side of the frame constitutes a lock for securing the stocks in their upward position.

Thus thestocks, S, S, are each operably supported, one on each grip-wall, respectively, for reciprocation into engagement with and to disengage from the anchorage faces therefor; and the stock-lock is operablysupported for transverse movements in, or on, the frame and is in position for two faces thereof, (as, for instance, the ends of a pin or bolt, as g), each to engage with and lock a stock-plate when this isin the anchorage-face-engaging position thereof,

A particular feature of the holding-means whereby the stocks S, S are prevented from sliding downwardly by their engagement above and against the transverse pin 9, is the manner in which this holding-pin is arranged for being slid by hand (or by some suitable instrument in the hand of the operator) toward one side or the other of the frame for thereby unlocking one or the other of said stocks S, S; This feature will be understood from a comparison of the said details in the several views, but especially in the sectional part of Fig. 2, by comparison with Figs. 1, 5, and 6. Said stock-holding pin g is shown in the medial position'thereof in Fig. 2, so that the lefthand end of said pin, (or a side or face thereof), comes underneath and locks into place the left-hand stock S, while the righthand end g of said pin extends under the right-hand stock S and similarly locks this stock upwardly into its frame-engaging and fully assembled position.

'For permitting a sliding movement of said stock-retaining member. or pin, this pin is shown. in Figs. 2 and 5, as having midway of the length thereof, a depression or groove 5/ into which (when in middle position) a pin-retaining device, as for instance the vertically-movable slide or plug 7* may engage as at g, Fig. 5, for thereby detentively engaging said transverse pin and thus hold this member against accidental displacement in a longitudinal direction. In

Fig. 6 said pin-locking slidable member. 1

bearing g (Fig. 2), in either direction, to

look a stock-plate or release the same, as occasion may require.

Said sliding member 7*, whereby said transverse stock-locking pin is itself detained or locked in a central position, is represented in Figs. 5 and 6 as being the member or detainer, 7 which, in my aforesaid patent, constitutes a support for a spring, 8 which is arranged for actuating an intermediate member 8 which in turn is connected with the firing mechanism; but such other features and improvements, as indicated, are not a part of the present invention, and hence are not herein particularly described. However, the said spring 8 represents one means suitable for actuating said slidable member 7 for the purpose herein set forth, viz,of releasably detaining said transverse pin in its central position, (Fig. 2), whereby to positively lock into proper engagement with the frame B, eachof the said sidestocks, S, S.'

The anchorage-faces are shown arranged in oppositely-disposed pairs in two ways; first, forward faces a, a, constitute a pair which is oppositely disposed to the rearward faces 6, b second, in the upper pair, the forward face a is opposite to the rearward face 6, and in the lower pair, a, Z), the same opposite arrangement.

Said upper pair of frame-facesa, 7), are. shown located about midway (or slightly higher up) so that this pair engages the upper half of the stock S in a position for effectively retaining this portion of the stock in place, if the stock should be divided (as by a breakage transversely and about midway of its length) into two parts,-as for instance at line X Fig. 1. The lower part of said faces, a 5 are shown similarly located in respect of the lower half of said stock-plate S. However, it will be understood that in some instances, only a single pair of the anchorage-faces, as a, 7), may be required.

Each said half part of the plate S may be regarded as being individually anchored to the frame, so that each said stock-portion abuts against and thus locates the other as to .the longitudinal position thereof in the frame, whether said plate, as S, shall be niade'in one part or in two parts. This system of stock-retention, as will now be evi dent, affords security as against the loss of a stock-plate from the breakage thereof, as may readily. and sometimes will result from a blow. This security is especially desirable in the case of relatively long stock-plates, such, for instance, as herein illustrated,- because of the requirements of the trade that of hard-rubber or analogous molded material, and are therefore peculiarly liable to in ury from various causes.

One feature of the pin 9 and pinsdetainer I of the construction shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 8, relates to means for normally actuating said pin toward the stock-locking po-.

sition thereof, and from either direction by the same'actuation means, For this purpose, (in addition to others, which are set forth in said patent), said pin is herein shownhaving the channel 5/ thereof made of a. consilerable width, and the detainer 7 n'iade with a 133.6%,95, shaped and positioned to constantly apply an actuating-effect to the pin when this is slid either w y from the mic.- sti'oke position thereof in Fig. Thus, when applied and actuated as here explained, said detainer 7 may be described-as a combined detainer and actuator for a lockingpin, which is a stocleloclt, Also, the stocklock may be said to comprise a'stoclt-engaging lock and a coactive lock-detainei', which may bespring-actuatcd, or may consist of resilient means arranged for normally actuating said lock toward the stock-locking position or to a mid-stroke position thereof.

In some instances, however, the mechanism may be arranged for detaining the pin 9 Without employing the described at ditional features. One such arrangement is illustrated in Figs. Zand 10, in whichthe pin 9 has a. narrow groove 6,into which the detainer 7' is pressed by spring 8?, vhen that pin .is-inv the mid-stroke position, Fig. 9. When tlie pinv g (Fig. 10) has been pushed to tlie'right-hand, the left-hand stock, 5), may be slid down a short distance, so that the lower end, 19 ,'tliereof engages over the pinend 9 and thus holds the pin in said-shift ed position, while the plate S is still in effective engagement with the aforesaid anchorage-faces of the frame Similarly, said pin g, may be first shifted toward the left hand, and stock S, drawn down over the retracted end of the pin, but this operation is merely a reversal of the said movements and hence need not be herein illustrated. Thus, as also in Figs. 9, 10, the pin 9 maybe operated to first release, orunloclz, either stock-plate, and to permit the removal of and replacement. of one. or both stock plates, without the pin itself being removed from its seat, 9, in the frame.

Having thus described my inventioin'I claim 1. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having a grip portion, the grip-portion being interiorly chambered and having side walls with open side spaces tliereimthe side walls being provided with anchorage means on the longitudinal edges thereof ad oining said spaces, and stock plates slidably movable on said side walls having raised portions positionable in said spaces of theside walls provided with anchorage means engageable with the anchorage means of the side walls.

2. in a firearm, in combination, a frame having a grip portion, the grip portion being interiorly chambered and having side walls with open side spaces herein, the side walls being provided with anchorage means on the longitudinal edges thereof adjoining said spaces, and stock plates slidable on said side walls provided with raised inner surface portions conformably engageable in said spaces of the side walls, and said raised surface portions being provided with an chorage means .engageable with the anchorage means of the side walls.

3. In a. firearm, in combination, a frame having a grip portion, the grip portion oeiiig interioriy chambered and having side walls with open side spaces therein, the side walls being provided with anchorage means on the longitudinal edges thereof adjoining said spaces, stock plates slidably movable on said side walls having raised portions provided with anchorage means en gageable with the anchorage means of the side walls, and spring pressed pin means for retaining the stock plates in engagement with the anchorage means of the side walls.

4. In a. firearm, in combination, a frame having a grip portion, t e grip portion being iiiteriorly chambered and having side walls with open side spaces therein, the side walls being provided WltlIQDOlIOI'agG means on the longitudinal edges thereof adjoining said spaces, stoclcplates slidably movable on said side walls and having raised poitions positionable and engageable in said spaces of the side walls provided with anchorage means engageable with the anchoruieaiis of tlieside walls, and spring pressed pin means for removably retaining the stock plates in engagement with the anchorage means, of the side walls.

5. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having a grip portion, the grip portion being interiorly chambered and having side v ills with open side spaces therein, the side walls being provided with projecting anchorage means on the longitudinal edges thereof adjoining said spaces, stock plates slidably movable on said side walls and having raised portions positionable and engageablein said spaces of the side walls provided with. projecting anchoragemeans engage'able with the projecting anchorage means of the side walls, and spring pressed pin means for removably retaining the stock plates in engagement with the projecting anchorage means of the side walls.

6. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having a' grip portion, the grip portion being interiorly chambered and having side walls with open side spaces therein, the side walls being provided with anchorage means on the longitudinal edges thereof adjoining said spaces, stock plates slidably movable on said side walls provided with raised inner surface-portions conformably engageable in said spaces of the side walls, said raised surface portions being provided with anchorage means engage-able with the anchorage means of the side walls. and spring pressed pin means for removably retaining Q the stock plates in engagement with the anchorage means of the side walls.

7. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having a grip portion, the grip portion being interiorlv chambered and having side walls with open side spaces therein, the side walls being provided with anchorage means on the longitudinal edgesthereof adjoining said spaces, stock plates slidably movable on said side walls provided with raised inner surface portions conform-ably engageable in said spaces of the side walls, said raised surface portions being provided with anchorage means engageable with the anchorage means of the side walls, and slidable pin means engageable with said frame and with edge portions of the stock plates and spring pressed. for removably retaining the same in engagement with said frame and edge portions.

8. In a firearm having an open-side gripframe, in combination, a stock-plate fitting and slidably supported on the frame and having a reinforcement portion positioned within the open-side of the frame; a series of pairs of coactive anchorage-faces of which two said pairs are on the forward side of said reinforcement, and of which one said face of each pair is on the frame and the other said face is on said reinforcement, and said reinforcement being also of a length for limiting the movement of the stock-plate from an anchorage-engaging position to an anchorage-disengaging position, and means retractablv supported in. the frame for releasably locking said stock-plate in the anchorage-engaging position thereof.

9. In a firearm having an open-side grip frame, in combination, a stock-plate fitting and slidably supported on the frame and having a reinforcement portion positioned within the open-side of the frame; a series of pairs of coactive anchorage-faces ofwhich one said face of each pair is on the frame and the other said face is on said reinforce ment, and said reinforcement being also of a length for limiting the movement of the stock-plate toward the anchorage-engaging position thereof; and a stock-plate detainer operably supported in the frame in position for releasably locking said stock-plate in the anchorage-engaging position thereof,

and retractable for unlocking saidstockplate. e v

10. in a firearm having an openvside gripframc. in combination, two stock-plates-fitting and slid-ably supported on opposite side-walls respectively, of the frame, each said stock-plate having a reinforcement portion positioned within an open-side of the frame; and there being for each said reinforcement a series of pairs of coactive anchoragc-faces of which one said face of each pair is on the frame and the other said face is on a reinforcement, and a stock-- plate detainer operably supported in the framein position for releasably locking both of said stock-plates in the anchorage-engag ing positions thereof, and retractable in a direction for unlocking one stock-plate while continuing to lock the other plate.

11. In a firearm, in combination, a frame havingthe grip thereof provided with an-. chorage faces positioned within the side planes .of i the frame stock-plates having anchorage-engaging means and slidable on the grip to engage with and to disengage from said anchorage faces; a st'oclolocking pin slidably supported transversely in the frame in position for the ends thereof, each to engage and look a stock-plate when this said pin being slidable in one direction out of engagement with one said stocl plate, and in the opposite direction out of engagement with the other said stock-plate.

12. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having the grip thereof provided with anchorage faces positioned within the side planes of tie frame, and arranged in oppositely-disposed pairs; stock-plates having anchorageface engaging means and slid-able to engage with and to diseng ge from said anchorage faces:'a stock-lock supported on the frame in position for the ends thereof, each to engage and lock a stock-plate when this is in said anchorage-face-engaging position, said lock being operable in one direction out of engagement with one said stockplate, and in the opposite direction out of engagement with the other said stock-plate; a lock detainer in position for normally retaining said lock in the stock-locking position thereof, and, means for yieldingly holding said detainer in engagement with the stock-lock.

13. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having the grip thereof provided with anchorage faces positioned within the side planes of the frame; and arranged in oppositely-disposed pairs; a stock-plate on the grip and slidable to engage with and to disengage from said anchorage faces; a a stock-lock reciprocatsvble in the frame to engage with and to disenga e from the stockplate when this is'in anc orage-face-engag- 1s in said anchorage-face-engaging posit-ion,

ing position; and a, lock detainer, in position for a detentive engagement with said look when this is in the stock-locking position thereof. i

14;. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having the grip thereof provided with a plurahty of pairs of anchorage faces positioned Within the side planes of the frame; a stock-plate on the grip and slidable to engage and to disengage said pairs of anchorage faces; a stock-lock supported for move ment transversely of the frame and in position to engage a-nd'lock the stock-plate When planes of the frame, and arranged in oppositely-disposed pair's; a pair of stockplates on the grip and slidable to engage and to disengage said anchorage faces; a stock-locking pin slidably supported transversely in the frame in position for the ends thereof each to engage and look a stockplate when this is in said anchorage-face-en' gaging position, said pin being slidahle in one direction out of engagement with one said stock-plate, and in the opposite direction out of engagement with the other said stock-plate; a movahly supported pin detainer, in position for normally engaging said pin when this is in the stoeleloeking position thereof, and a spring in position for yieldingly holding said detainei' into engagement With the stock-lock.

JOHN D. IFEDERSEN.v

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