US1375955A

US1375955A - Building construction

Info

Publication number: US1375955A
Application number: US375027A
Authority: US
Inventors: Leonard L Eldridge
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-04-19
Filing date: 1920-04-19
Publication date: 1921-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 1938-04-26

Description

L. L. ELDRIDGE.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, I920.

1,875,955, Patented Apr. 26, 1921.

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BUILDNG CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, 1920.

1,375,955., I Patented. Apr. 26, 1921.

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LEONARD I. ELDRIDGE, OF DALLAS, TEXAS.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. v

' Application filed April 19,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEoNAizn L. ELDRIDGE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dallas, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas, have invented certain new and use- ''ful Improvements in Building Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful lmprovements 1n bulldlng constructions.

The aim of the lnventlon is to construct a hollow building wall of pre-cast slabs in such a manner as to make for economy, stability, convenience and rapidity of erection. Another purpose of the inventlon is to provide a wall construction capable of including insulating members whereby transmission of heat and cold through the wall is obviated, together with other novel features which will be hereinafter brought out.

In carrying out the invention an elon-. gated slab is employed, this slab is provided with a laterally projecting tongue extending lon 'tudinally, whereby the slab is given a T-s ape in plan. A particular feature is the continuation of'the tongue or web of the slab beyond its end whereby these extensions may interlock with the supporting structure under the slabs and the cap structure over the same, when said slabs are placed vertically in a wall. It is roposed to make the slabs of such length that when erected only one slab will be required for the height of a story of a building and thus in a one story building the slabs may be set on a suitable foundation wall and extend vertically to the top of the building where a cap platemay be cast on the same. By providing the extending tongues at the ends of the slabs, keys are formed and these may be let into the foundation wall and the body of the cap plate so that the structure will be locked together. It is understood that the slabs are placed with their tongues in alternate relation so as to form both side's of the wall. It is pointed out that such a structure will be sufficiently smooth as not to require a finished coating in rough structures such as ware-houses. The structure permits of the use of embedded anchoring and bonding devices as well as reinforcing.

Vertical insulating strips of wood may also be used between the tongues and the bodies of the slabs. Where anchors or bonds project from the sides of the wall a coating of plaster may be applied to conceal Specification of Letters Patent "1 Patented Apr. 26, 1921.

1920. Serial No. 375,027.

the same. 'Other details of construction and arrangement will be hereinafter pointed out.

ThBlIlVGIliilOIl will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanymg drawings, in which an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:

Flgure 1 is an isometric view of a Wall gonstructed in accordance with this invenlon,

151g. 2 is a vertical sectional detail of the wa Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the insulating strip in place and anchors embedded in the wall,

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view through a wall show ng the use of bonding bolts, and

ibjig. 5 1s a cross-section of a wall such as is shown 1n- F1g. 1 and illustrating the formatlon of an opening for a door or a window.

-In the drawings the numeral 10 designates a slab having a plate-like body extending longitudinally and provided with a central tongue or web 11 extending longitudinally of the slab and at the center thereof. One of the particular features is that the tongue 11 pro ects beyond each end of the body of the slab to 'form keys 12 and 13. The slab may be formed of concrete or any other plastic material in a suitable mold and the idea is to pre-cast the slabs and transport them to the place where the wall is to be built and assemble said slabs in a wall. It is obvious that the slab may be cast at the exact length required and the width maybe varied as desired.

It is proposed to make the slab of such lengths that only one will be required for the height of a one story building or for each story of a building. It is pointed out that a slab so constructed is quite a different thing from a building block as it permits the building to be more quickly erected and does not require the services of an expert mason. In building a wall a foundation wall or underpinning 14: is first provided in the usual way. This wall is provided with a longitudinal groove 15 in its upper surface and, of course, is given a width in excess of the width or thickness of the wall which is to be constructed. The slabs 10 are set up on the wall with their ends resting on top of the same and their keys 12 depending in the groove 15. The slabs are disposed on each side of the groove with their tongues in alternate-relation so as to form bothsides of the Wall. By this arrangement the oints between adjacent slabs will bisect vertically the end .of the tongue from the overlapplng slab of the opposite side of the wall. The slabs may have such thickness that those placed on the outside of the wall w1ll not extend to the edge of the Wall 14, thus leaving a Water table at the bottom of the slabs. The wall 14 extends inwardly from the 1nner side of the wall and provides a shoulder for receiving the floor joists as is shown in Fi 2.

It will be seen that the slabs having been pre-cast may be transported to the place where the building is to be erected and set up on the wall 14 expeditiously and with ordinary labor. After the slabs have been set up concrete may be poured into the groove 15 between the keys 12. When the concrete sets the keys will be locked in the foundation wall and cannot be displaced. It Will be seen that vertical air spaces will be provided within the wall between the tongues and all the advantages of a hollow wall construction will be had. It is customary to run a belt course at each story of a building or in a one story building to use a cap plate at the top of the wall. In order to finish the wall, metal stirrups 16 in the form of sheet metal plates are placed between the upstandin keys 13 with their ends resting on the s abs at opposite sides of the wall as is clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Concrete is then poured in between the keys and along the top edges of the bodies of the slabs so as to form a cap plate 17. The stirrup supports the concrete and prevents the same from falling down between the tongues.- This provides a suitable finish as will be obvious. The construction permits of variations and will adapt itself readily to the various conditions encountered.

It is to be understood that any sort of reinforcing may be used and it is not considered necessary to either illustrate or go into the details of the same as no invention is required to use or insert reinforcing material such as rods and other well known elements.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a form of wall in which T-shaped anchors 18 are employed. These anchors have the general shape of the slab and are embedded therein with the shanks 19 projecting from the vertical edge of the tongue'll in each slab. When the slabs are assembled the projecting ends of the shanks will extend between the vertical ed es of the slabs on the oppositeside of the we 1 and may receive washers 20 and nuts 21 threaded thereon. Vertical wood strips 22 or strips of other material, may be inserted between the vertical edges of the tongues and the inner faces of the bodies of the slabs on the opposite side of the wall.

with em edded bonds 23 which have their projecting ends extendin from the tongue 11 between the edges of t e slabs on the opposite side. The bonds are provided with washers 24 and nuts 25. It will be noticed that in Fig. 3 the anchors are combined with the slabs on one side of the wall so that the nuts 21 are all on one side of the wall only; whereas in Fig. 4 the bonds are placed in alternate slabs so that the nuts 25 are on both sides of the wall. The wall structure in Fig. 3 would require a coat of plaster on one side only for a finished wall, whereas the wall shown in Fig. 4 requires plaster on both sides. However, the structure shown in Fig. 4 could be used to advantage in ware-houses and other rough constructions.

In Fig. 5 the corner of the wall is shown and one of the slabs 10 is molded or cast with one side out off to provide for an open- 7 ing in the wall such as a door or window. The space between the tongue 11 of the slab 10 and its vertical edge of its near side is filled by a wood strip 26 and the inner corner of the opening is formed b a vertical strip 27 suitably fastened to t e strip 26. These strips 26 and 27 form false work to which the door frame or window frame may be attached as is obvious. It will be understood that the slabs may be cast with the ton e offset from the center if desired as is s own in this instance and various other changes and modifications may be made.

In order to fasten the upper ends of the slabs together, tie rods 28 are interlaced horizontall around the ke s 13 as is best shown in ld igs. 2 and 3. These rods cross each other in the spaces between .the keys and each rod bears on opposite sides of the keys in alternate relation as will be obvious.

. Such a construction will securely fasten the slabs together and will provide an added brace for the top of the wall. These tie rods are, of course, embedded in the cap plate.

What I claim, is: 1. In a buildin wall including a p uralit of oppositely arranged slabs formed T-sliaped in cross section, T'-shaped reinforcing metallic elements embedded in the slabs in one set and extending through the transverse portions thereof and through the other set, and clamping devicescarried by the ends of the reinforcing construction, a hollow elements and engaging the outer surface of slabs in one set and extending through the such other set. transverse portion of the same and through 2. In a building construction, a hollow the body portion of the slabs in the other Wall including a pluralit of oppositely arset and through the heat insulating strips,

5 ranged slabs formed T-s aped in cross secand means securing the ends of said elements 15 tion, heat insulatin strips arranged beto the body portion of the slabs in such other tween the ends of t e transverse portions set. 0 of the slabs in one set and the body portion In testlmony whereof I aflix my signature. of the slabs inthe other set, T-shaped rein- 10 forcing metallic elements embedded in the LEONARD L. ELDRIDGE.