US1421278A

US1421278A - Concrete and like building block or slab

Info

Publication number: US1421278A
Application number: US432272A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alfred C Matthews
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-12-21
Filing date: 1920-12-21
Publication date: 1922-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 1939-06-27

Description

A. c.. MATTHEWS.

CONCRETE AND LIKE BUILDING BLOCK OR SLAB. AFPucATlou FILED 050.21, 1920.

' Patented June 27, 1922.

" ice.

CONCRETE AND LIKE Bump ng s oc on SLAB.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 27, 1922.

Application filed December 21, 192( Serial N9. 32,272.

To all 20 7mm it may concem:

Be it known that I, ALFRED CHAnLEs Mn'r'rHnws, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of the city of Melbourne, in the county of Bourke, State of Victoria, Commonwealth of Ans tralia (whose post-office address is Collins House, 360 Collins Street, in the said city of Melbourne), have invented new and useful Improvements in and Connected with Concrete and like Building Blocks or Slabs, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to building blocks Or slabs of concrete, cement, clay and like material and its object is to provide im proved blocks and means or method of uniting a series of such blocks to form a wall or the like.

The invention enables a monolithic construction to be obtained without the use of forms or moulds and also provides for pre liminarily retaining the blocks together when assembled and prior to thepouring in or introduction of plastic material to form vertical columns or cores by which the blocks are permanently held in position. This feature provides a distinct advantage over somewhat similar blocks at present in use as it dispenses with the necessity of introducing the plastic material to hold the blocks together as each successive tier is erected.

The invention consists briefly in providing the blocks with outstanding ribs which project from one side of the block and are adapted, when a series of the blocks are placed opposite each other to form the inner and outer sections of a double wall and with the ends of opposite ribs abutting, to form vertical passages or enclosures to accommodate the aforesaid vertical columns which are formed by pouring plastic material into said vertical enclosures after the blocks have been assembled. In combina tion with the aforesaid ribs the blocks are provided with suitable metal reinforcement which is embedded within the blocks during the formation of the latter. The metal reinforcement of each block is provided with projecting ends or anchor portions which protrude through the side of the block adjacent the ribs and into the vertical enclosures before mentioned. Thus by uniting these projecting ends or anchor portions of the einforcement of adjoining blocks within the vertical enclosures the blocks are held together until the material to form the vertical columns is poured intothe enclosures. The fastened anchor portions of the reinforcement are then embedded in said columns and besides serving to hold tlie blocks securely together also act as a reinforcement for the columns. By the formation "of strengthening ribs on the inner surfaces of the block, the invention also provides for the saving of material without unduly weakening the block structure.

Referring to the drawings which form part of this specification Figure 1 is a plan of one form of building block or slab in accordance with the invention. l

Figure 2 is a view of another form of block for use in connection with blocks of the kind seen in Figure l.

Figure 3 is a plan of an external corner block accordance withthe invention.

Figures 4; and 5 are plans of internal corner blocks in accordance with the invention.

' Figure 6 is a view looking at the inner side of the block seen in Figure 1.

Figure 7 is an enlarged view showing one manner of uniting the projecting anchor portions of the reinforcement of opposite blocks.

Figures 8 and 9 show modified methods of uniting the anchor portions of the metallic reinforcemen Figure-1.0 is a perspective view of a building block in accordance with the invention and having strengthening ribs moulded on its inner surface as is preferred.

Figure 11 is a perspective view of the corner portion of a wall showing the invention in use. i

In carrying out the invention certain blocks 2 are provided with an intermediate pair of integral ribs 3 which project from one side of the block near its middle and extend verticallythereof. These intermediate ribs form between them a vertical channel indicated at 4:, which forms half of one of the vertical passages or enclosures referred to and indicated by the numeral 5.

Other blocks 6 are provided with end ribs 7 one of which is disposed near each end of the block. These .end' ribs are adapted to cooperate with the intermediate ribs 3 of opposite blocks to form the vertical enclosures 5..

As seen in Figure 12 the vertical joints 8 between the ends .of adjoining blocks, forming the inner section of a double wall, are disposed out of alignment or in staggered relation with the vertical joints between opposite blocks of the outer section of the wall so that moisture cannot pass directly through the vertical joints of the inner and outer wall sections. It will be apparent from Fig. 11 of the drawings that the horizontal joints on the inner and outer sections of the wall are ofiset or out of alignment, this result being accomplished in the usual or preferred manner. The joints 8 and 9 are grouted with mortar or the like in the usual manner. The outer or abutting ends 11 of the ribs forming the enclosures referred to may also be grouted in the same manner. To provide a larger jointing surface around the edges of the blocks, the top and bottom and ends thereof may be thickened or enlarged as at 12 in Figure 10 which also shows strengthening ribs 13 extending across the inner face of'the block. The provision of these ribs permits of a saving of material in the body of the block without unduly weakening it.

The corner block seen in Figure 3 is provided with a major body portion let, a minor body portion 16 at right angles to the portion 14:, and a single outstanding rib 17 W'hen blocks of this type are fitted into the corner of a building as in Figure 12 the parts 16 and 17 form part of one of the vertical enclosures 5.

The blocks illustrated in Figures 41: and 5 may also be used at corners as shown in Figure l1 and comprise a straight body portion 18 from which a rib 19 outstands near one end of the block this rib forming part of one of the enclosures 5 when the blocks are assembled.

In combination with the foregoing each block has embedded Within it during manufacture, a metal reinforcement 21 of any suitable nature, such as netting, expanded metal, wire or the like. This reinforcement is provided as aforesaid with projecting ends or anchor portions 22. In the case of the intermediately ribbed blocks as seen in Figure 2 these projecting anchor portions 22 protrude into the vertical channel 4 between the intermediate ribs 3. In the case of blocks having end ribs as in Figure 1 said anchor portions or ends protrude through the inner side of the block between each end thereof and the adjacent rib 7. In all cases the projecting ends or anchor portions of the reinforcement are so disposed as to be located within'the enclosures 5 when the blocks are assembled.

The projecting anchor portions may be looped or otherwise suitably shaped to facilitate the fastening together of the anchor portions of adjacent blocks within the vertical enclosures formed by the ribs when the blocks are assembled to form a double wall.

into the channel formed between the ribs 3 the intermediate portion of the reinforcement being bent outwardly in this manner.

The anchor portions of the reinforce- 'ments may be fastened together in-any suitablemanner a particularly convenient means consisting in disposing vertical reinforcing rods or wires 23 within the vertical enclosures and twisting or passing the anchor portions around said vertical rods as in Figures 7 and 11. Other suitable fastening means may however be employed for instance as in Figure 8 the anchor portions of both the types of block seen in Figures 1 and 2 may be formed by projecting ends of the reinforcement which are twisted together after the blocks have been assembled. Or as in Figure 9 separate pieces of wire 24 5 may be used to unite the anchor portions.

hen a series of blocks have been assembled to form a double wall and with the ends 11 of the ribs of opposite blocks abutting, as in Figures 7 to 9 and 11, a series of the vertical enclosures 5 of substantially rectan ular cross section are formed between the blocks of the inner and outer wall sections. These enclosures divide the air space 29 between the inner and outer wall sections into a series of compartments. The projecting ends or anchor portions of the reinforcement are now fastened together by passing around the vertical rods or wires 23 so that the series of blocks are firmly held together prior to the pouring in of the material to form the vertical columns 28. A considerable section of a wall or the like may thus be erected before the plastic material is introduced into the enclosures 5. It will be seen that by arranging the inner and outer wallsections in stepped relationship or with the horizontal joints 9 out of alignment as in Figure 12, the projecting anchor portions of the reinforcement are easily accessible for fastening together as aforesaid.

' When the plastic material is subsequently poured into the enclosures 5' between the inner and outer wall sections the blocks are securely and permanently locked together 115 and the columns 28 are effectively reinforced by the anchor portions of the reinforcement which are permanently embedded therein.

By the invention a building may be erected in a minimum of time and with little 120 labor and skill and the assembled blocks may be temporarily retained together by the connected anchor portions of the reinforcement prior to the introduction of the ma terial to form the columns 28. The result- 125 ant structure is moreover extremely strong owing to the effective locking together of the blocks and the existence of the metal reinforcement throughout the blocks and the vertical columns. r

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A wall structure made up of plate-like slabs having lateral offsets, the offsets of certain of the slabs varying in their relations to the ends of the slabs with respect to the offsets of other slabs, whereby with the slabs in wall formation the offsets define plastic material receiving channels extending vertically of the wall while through mortar joints are avoided, and metallic slab tying members leading from the respective slabs to and through said channels.

2. A wall structure comprising slabs having offsets near the ends thereof, and slabs having offsets near the central portion thereof, said slabs being arranged in wall formation with the offsets of adjacent slabs of the first mentioned type cooperating with offsets of the slabs of the second mentioned type to form plastic material receiving channels extending vertically of the wall,

the variations in the position of the offsets of the respective slabs avoiding through mortar oints in the wall formation.

8. A wall structure comprising slabs having offsets near the ends thereof, slabs having offsets near the central portion thereof, said slabs being arranged in wall formation with the offsets of adjacent slabs of the first mentioned type cooperating with offsets of the slabs of the second mentioned type to form plastic material receiving channels extending vertically of the wall, the variations in the position of the offsets of the respective slabs avoiding through mortar joints in the wall formation, and metallic tying members secured in the slabs and having free ends adjacent the respective offsets to thereby provide for tying the slabs transverse the material receiving channels.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

A. C. MATTHEWS.

itness:

VICTOR J. KELSON.